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CN105162226B - Electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system and method based on enhanced emission coil - Google Patents

Electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system and method based on enhanced emission coil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105162226B
CN105162226B CN201510641896.6A CN201510641896A CN105162226B CN 105162226 B CN105162226 B CN 105162226B CN 201510641896 A CN201510641896 A CN 201510641896A CN 105162226 B CN105162226 B CN 105162226B
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coil
electric automobile
electromagnetic field
control module
spiral planar
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CN105162226A (en
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王军华
代中余
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Wuhan Luojia Tongchuang Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan University WHU
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system and method based on enhanced emission coil, the system includes electromagnetic field emissions unit, if wherein transmitting coil includes the spiral planar coil of the dried layer sequentially arranged from inside to outside concentrically, covering electromagnetic shielding radiating layer on spiral planar coil;The spiral planar hub of a spool of innermost layer is provided with magnetic core, and magnetic core is identical with spiral planar coil shape;Insulated conductor is respectively adopted in the spiral planar coil of adjacent layer, and coiling obtains round about;The head end of all spiral planar coils is connected, and the tail end of all spiral planar coils is connected.The present invention can enter Mobile state charging in electric automobile during traveling process, the problem of so as to overcome the short and static charging station of the endurance distance of traditional electric automobile costly;In addition, easy for construction, capable transport is high, and electromagnetic radiation is small, and can meet urban beautification requirement, wide market.

Description

Electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system and method based on enhanced emission coil
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric automobile wireless power technical field, more particularly to a kind of electricity based on enhanced emission coil Electrical automobile dynamic radio electric power system and method.
Background technology
Electric automobile wireless power technology can be divided into two kinds:The first is sensing magnetic coupling type wireless power technology, its Energy supply is carried out to electric automobile by magnetic coupling mode using electromagnetic induction principle, Energy Efficient Transmission apart from short, need by Electric automobile, which is parked in correct position and is aligned with charge coil, could carry out energy transmission, be adapted to the charging station at similar conventional gasoline station Deng application scenario.Second is resonance magnetic coupling type wireless power technology, and it is sent out by inductance on resonator and distributed capacitor Raw resonance carrys out transmission energy, to carry out energy supply to electric automobile, belongs to the energy transmission means of moderate distance, it is not necessary to car Carry resonance coil and power supply resonance coil is aligned completely, be suitable for developing new charge mode, in electric automobile wireless charging Technical field obtains very big concern.
At present, the wireless power of electric automobile is mainly static mode, and electric automobile need to be parked in the ground of charging equipment The static chargings of Fang Jinhang.This charging modes have the disadvantage that:First, battery electric quantity, which is full of, to be needed to consume the substantial amounts of time; Second, electric automobile needs to carry bulky battery pack, to maintain relatively long distance to continue a journey;Third, one section of electric automobile during traveling Need to stop after time to be charged, can not continue to continue a journey.
The content of the invention
To be moved in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of electric automobile based on enhanced emission coil State wireless power supply system and method, the present invention can be charged during electric automobile during traveling, improve charging electric vehicle Convenience and security.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
First, the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system based on enhanced emission coil, including:
Power module(1), rectification filtering module(2), power oscillation module(3), locating module(4), signal control module (5), transmitter unit switching control module(6), electromagnetic field emissions unit(7)With electromagnetic field receiving unit(8);Power module(1)、 Rectification filtering module(2), power oscillation module(3), transmitter unit switching control module(6), signal control module(5), positioning Module(4)It is sequentially connected, transmitter unit switching control module(6)Connect multiple electromagnetic field emissions units(7), electromagnetic field receives single Member(8)Located at electric automobile(9)On;
Electromagnetic field emissions unit(7)If middle transmitting coil includes the spiral shape of the dried layer sequentially arranged from inside to outside concentrically Planar coil, covering electromagnetic shielding radiating layer on spiral planar coil;The spiral planar hub of a spool of innermost layer is provided with magnetic Core, magnetic core are identical with spiral planar coil shape;Insulated conductor is respectively adopted to opposite in the spiral planar coil of adjacent layer Direction coiling obtains;The head end of all spiral planar coils is connected, and the tail end of all spiral planar coils is connected.
Preferably, locating module(4)Further comprise GPS positioning device, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor.
Above-mentioned transmitter unit switching control module(6)For it is some respectively with electromagnetic field emissions unit(7)Connected relay Switch.
Above-mentioned spiral planar coil is runway shape spiral planar coil, round screw thread shape planar coil, oval spiral shell Revolve shape planar coil or square spiral shape planar coil.
Above-mentioned electromagnetic shielding radiation layer material is that composite of iron oxide, steel, copper, aluminium or electrically conductive polyaniline.
Above-mentioned electromagnetic field receiving unit(8)Middle receiving coil is the array coil being arranged to make up by some coil units, line Coil unit is spiral planar coil.
2nd, the automobile dynamic radio supplier of electricity of the electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system based on enhanced emission coil Method, including:
Electromagnetic field emissions unit(7)It is embedded in subsurface;
Locating module(4)Electric automobile is positioned, electric automobile positional information is sent to signal control module(5);
Signal control module(5)Electric automobile and each electromagnetic field emissions unit are obtained according to electric automobile position(7)Away from From according to the distance to transmitter unit switching control module(6)Control command is sent, is specially:
Nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit in front of electric automobile and its(7)Distance when reaching first threshold, send hair Penetrate unit switching control module(6)Connect the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit in the front(7)Control command;
When electric automobile and the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit in its rear(7)Distance when being more than Second Threshold, send hair Penetrate unit switching control module(6)Disconnect and the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit in the rear(7)Connection control command;
Transmitter unit switching control module(6)Switched over according to the control command of reception;
Above-mentioned first threshold and Second Threshold are empirical value, consider automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching control module (6)Switch speed set.
As a kind of preferred embodiment:
When electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit(7)Embedded place's distance is more than pre-determined distance, is determined using GPS positioning device Position electric automobile position;
When electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit(7)Embedded place's distance is not more than pre-determined distance, using infrared sensor Position electric automobile position jointly with ultrasonic sensor;
Pre-determined distance is empirical value, considers automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching control module(6)Switch speed Set.
Electromagnetic field emissions unit in present system(7)It is embedded in subsurface, electromagnetic field receiving unit(8)Located at electronic vapour Chassis.Locating module(4)Position electric automobile, signal control module(5)Electronic vapour is judged according to electric automobile location information Whether car enters charging zone.When electric automobile enters charging zone, signal control module(5)Then pass through transmitter unit switching control Module(6)Make power oscillation module(3)With the electromagnetic field emissions unit of the charging zone(7)Connection, so as to electronic in traveling Automobile charges.When electric automobile leaves charging zone, signal control module(5)Then pass through transmitter unit switching control module(6) Make power oscillation module(3)With the electromagnetic field emissions unit of the charging zone(7)Disconnect.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the advantages that and beneficial effect:
1st, extend electric automobile without power supply mode, Mobile state charging can be entered in electric automobile during traveling process, without to Charging station carries out long-time charging, improves the convenience, charge efficiency and security of charging electric vehicle.
2nd, electric automobile can less carry and not carry bulky battery pack even, so as to mitigate electric automobile weight, Reduce electric automobile cost of manufacture.
3rd, due to can dynamically charge in the process of moving, so as to overcome the endurance distance of traditional electric automobile short and static The problem of charging station is costly.
4th, easy for construction, capable transport is high, and electromagnetic radiation is small, and can meet urban beautification requirement, and market prospects are wide It is wealthy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present system;
Fig. 2 is locating module structural representation in embodiment;
Fig. 3 is transmitter unit switching control modular structure schematic diagram in embodiment;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of transmitting coil in embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the internal connection line road schematic diagram of transmitting coil shown in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of electromagnetic field receiving unit;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of receiving coil in embodiment.
In figure, 10- outermost layer spiral planar coils, 11- outer layer spiral planar coil, 12- internal layer spiral shapes put down Planar coil, 13- magnetic cores, 14- electromagnetic shielding radiating layers, 15- coil units, 16- receiving coils.
Embodiment
By way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, present system is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 show the structural representation of dynamic radio electric power system of the present invention, wherein, power module(1)For for supply Electric system provides input power, and power module is preset in the present embodiment(1)Input voltage be the direct supply voltage 380V of power network, Power module(1)Input voltage can be made adjustment according to actual demand.Rectification filtering module(2)Further comprise rectification submodule Block and filtering submodule, rectification submodule are used for power module(1)The AC rectification of output is direct current, filters submodule For eliminating higher hamonic wave in rectification submodule output direct current, so as to export constant voltage direct current.Power oscillation module(3) For by rectification filtering module(2)The constant voltage direct current of output is converted to the alternating current for adapting to load frequency requirement, this Power oscillation module in embodiment(3)The frequency for exporting alternating current is 100kHz, and output alternation can be adjusted according to actual demand The frequency of electric current.Locating module(4)Position during for positioning electric automobile during traveling.
Signal control module(5)Receive locating module(4)The electric automobile positional information of transmission, according to electric automobile position Information acquisition electric automobile electromagnetic field emissions unit adjacent with its(7)Distance, the distance and distance threshold are compared, so as to do Go out job acceptance decision, and to transmitter unit switching control module(6)Send control command.Two distance thresholds are provided with the present invention: First distance threshold and second distance threshold value.When nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit of the electric automobile in front of it(7)Distance When reaching the first distance threshold, pass through transmitter unit switching control module(6)By the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit in front of this(7) With power oscillation module(3)Connection, the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit in front of this(7)Start working.When electric automobile is apart from it The nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit at rear(7)Distance be more than when reaching second distance threshold value, pass through transmitter unit switching control Module(6)Disconnect the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit at the rear(7)With power oscillation module(3)Connection.Above-mentioned electric automobile Front and back be its relative travel direction front and back.First distance threshold and second distance threshold value are set as Empirical value, consider automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching control module(6)Switch speed set, it is electronic to ensure When automobile reaches charge point, the electromagnetic field emissions unit at the charge point is in running order;Simultaneously, it is ensured that electric automobile leaves During charge point, the electromagnetic field emissions unit of the juice point is in stop working state.In the present embodiment, the first distance threshold is set to 10m, second distance threshold value are set to 2m.
Transmitter unit switching control module(6)Reception signal control module(5)The control command of transmission, according to control command Control relay switch cut-offs.See Fig. 3, transmitter unit switching control module(6)By it is some respectively with electromagnetic field emissions unit (7)Connected relay switch is formed, opening and breaking and shake module come power switched by relay switch(3)Connect different Electromagnetic field emissions unit(7), so as to control different electromagnetic field emissions units(7)Work.
Electromagnetic field emissions unit(7)Middle transmitting coil is embedded in subsurface, parallel with plane where ground, is adjusted for launching Alternating electromagnetic field caused by humorous circuit.Transmitting coil is enhanced one-way radiation formula electromagnetic field emissions coil in the present invention, including If the spiral planar coil of the dried layer sequentially arranged from inside to outside concentrically, covering electromagnetic shielding spoke on spiral planar coil Penetrate layer;The spiral planar hub of a spool of innermost layer is provided with magnetic core, and magnetic core is identical with spiral planar coil shape;Adjacent layer Insulated conductor is respectively adopted in spiral planar coil, and coiling obtains round about;The head end phase of all spiral planar coils Even, and the tail end of all spiral planar coils is connected.To realize the energy efficient resonant magnetic coupling type radio energy-transmitting of present system, The resonant frequency of receiving coil and power module will keep one in transmitting coil, electromagnetic field receiving unit in electromagnetic field emissions unit Cause.Following methods can be used to keep the uniformity of above-mentioned three's resonant frequency:Determine transmitting coil resonant frequency, by series connection or The resonant frequency that the mode of shunt capacitance adjusts transmitting coil makes its resonant frequency consistent with power module resonant frequency;Equally, The resonant frequency of receiving coil is adjusted by way of serial or parallel connection electric capacity makes its resonant frequency and power module resonant frequency Unanimously.Effectively to reduce electromagnetic radiation, in the present invention resonant frequency after transmitting coil and receiving coil adjustment can reach To kHz ranks, kHz order frequencies are lower frequency rank, can effectively reduce electromagnetic radiation.
See Fig. 2, locating module(4)It is made up of GPS positioning device, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor.When electronic vapour When car is outside charge point pre-determined distance, electric automobile position is positioned using GPS positioning device;When electric automobile is apart from charge point When in pre-determined distance, being accurately positioned for electrical automobile position is realized using infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor jointly.Fill a point That is transmitting coil location in electromagnetic field emissions unit.Infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor integrated positioning precision are higher than GPS Positioning, thus when electric automobile distance fill an electricity it is nearer when, be accurately positioned, to obtain electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions list The accurate distance of member, signal control module(5)So as to accurately make job acceptance decision, electromagnetic field emissions cell operation is controlled.When When electric automobile distance fills an electricity farther out, electromagnetic field emissions unit is in off position, without being accurately positioned for electric automobile Information.Pre-determined distance is empirical value, it also is contemplated that automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching control module(6)Switch speed Set.
Fig. 4 is a kind of concrete structure diagram of transmitting coil, sequentially arranges 3 layers of spiral planar line concentrically from inside to outside Circle:Outermost layer spiral planar coil(10), secondary outer layer spiral planar coil(11)With internal layer spiral planar coil(12), Also covering is electromagnetically shielded radiating layer on 3 helical layer shape planar coils(14), internal layer spiral planar coil(12)Center is provided with magnetic Core(13).
Outermost layer spiral planar coil(10)With secondary outer layer spiral planar coil(11)Coiling it is in opposite direction, it is secondary outer Helical layer shape planar coil(11)With internal layer spiral planar coil(12)Coiling direction it is also opposite.Present embodiment In, outermost layer spiral planar coil(10)It is that counter clockwise direction coiling obtains insulated conductor from inside to outside, secondary outer layer spiral shape Planar coil(11)It is that clockwise direction coiling obtains insulated conductor from inside to outside, internal layer spiral planar coil(12)It is insulation Counter clockwise direction coiling obtains wire from inside to outside.The head end of 3 helical layer shape planar coils is connected, meanwhile, also by 3 helical layers The tail end of shape planar coil is connected.
The initiating terminal of insulated conductor when above-mentioned head end is coiling, the terminal of insulated conductor when tail end is coiling Hold, terminal A, A ', A ' ' are respectively outermost layer spiral planar coil in Fig. 1(10), secondary outer layer spiral planar coil(11)With Internal layer spiral planar coil(12)Head end, terminal B, B ', B ' ' are respectively outermost layer spiral planar coil(10), it is secondary outer Helical layer shape planar coil(11)With internal layer spiral planar coil(12)Tail end.
In embodiment, each helical layer shape planar coil is runway shape spiral planar coil, and its both ends is in half Circle, center section are rectangular.Outermost layer spiral planar coil(10)By copper core radius be 4mm insulated copper wire from inside to outside Coiling counterclockwise obtains, and the interior semicircle and outer semicircle radius of its both ends semi-circular portions are respectively 1002mm, 1078mm, intermediate rectangular The long 2000mm in part, radial pitch 20mm.Secondary outer layer spiral planar coil(11)By the insulated copper wire that copper core radius is 4mm Coiling clockwise obtains from inside to outside, and the interior semicircle and outer semicircle radius of its both ends semi-circular portions are respectively 676mm, 752mm, in Between rectangle part long 2000mm, radial pitch 20mm.Internal layer spiral planar coil(12)By the insulation that copper core radius is 4mm Coiling counterclockwise obtains copper cash from inside to outside, the interior semicircle and outer semicircle radius of its both ends semi-circular portions be respectively 350mm, 426mm, the long 2000mm in intermediate rectangular part, radial pitch 20mm.In embodiment, magnetic core(13)Also it is track type, The radius of its both ends semi-circular portions is 100mm, the long 2000mm in intermediate rectangular part.Certainly, it above are only transmitting coil of the present invention A kind of embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto, the number of plies of transmitting coil, the number of turn of each layer line circle, size, shape and Material and magnetic core material and shape can be adjusted according to the actual requirements.
Fig. 5 is the inside connection diagram of transmitting coil shown in Fig. 4, and the spiral planar coil of adjacent layer is reverse parallel connection , the sense of current is empty on the contrary, direction shown in arrow is the sense of current in Fig. 5 in the spiral planar coil of adjacent layer during work Line represents wire connection.Such connected mode can make it that the magnetic direction between the spiral planar coil of adjacent layer is identical, by force Degree superposition, so as to strengthen transmitting electromagnetic field.
The magnetic core that internal layer spiral planar hub of a spool is set, the magnetic flux of internal layer spiral planar coil can be strengthened;Electricity Magnetic screen radiating layer can constrain magnetic field one-way transmission caused by transmitting coil;Adjacent layer spiral planar coil it is reverse simultaneously The magnetic core and electromagnetic shielding radiating layer collective effect that connection, internal layer spiral planar hub of a spool are set, can strengthen transmitting coil Magnetic field is transmitted, improves the transmission range and efficiency of transmission of transmitting coil.
See Fig. 6, electromagnetic field receiving unit(8)Middle receiving coil(16)Electric automobile chassis is installed on, with being put down where chassis Face is parallel, and receiving coil(16)Periphery equally covers electromagnetism intensity screen layer, receiving coil(16)Pass through rectifying and wave-filtering Module connection load is to loading functional.Because electric automobile(9)Most parts use metal material, and metal is in alternating electromagnetic field Vortex can be produced under effect, increases the loss of system, reduces the efficiency of transmission of energy, and vortex can cause the heating of metal, with Send a telegraph electrical automobile(9)Danger is might have in traveling.From ferrite as electromagnetism intensity polymeric barrier layer materials in the present embodiment, There is insulating properties and high magnetic conductivity simultaneously, the generation of eddy-current loss can be reduced by extra magnetically confined wherein.
Fig. 7 then provides a kind of specific receiving coil structure chart.In Fig. 7, coil unit(15)For regular hexagon spiral Shape planar coil, array coil are made up of 6 coil units around 1 coil unit.In present embodiment, each coil unit By radius 2mm copper cash, coiling clockwise is formed from inside to outside, and its inner edge axis is away from its center 400mm, and its outside axis is away from it Center 430mm, radial pitch 10mm.The shape of coil unit, size, the number of turn, material and arrangement be not limited to it is above-mentioned, can be according to It is adjusted according to actual conditions.For example, coil unit can be triangle spiral planar coil, round screw thread shape planar line Circle, square spiral shape planar coil etc., coil unit can also be arranged in triangle, circle, square etc..

Claims (4)

1. the electric automobile dynamic radio method of supplying power to based on enhanced emission coil, it is characterized in that:
Realized using electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system, described electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system includes power supply mould Block (1), rectification filtering module (2), power oscillation module (3), locating module (4), signal control module (5), transmitter unit are cut Change control module (6), electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) and electromagnetic field receiving unit (8);Power module (1), rectification filtering module (2), power oscillation module (3), transmitter unit switching control module (6), signal control module (5), locating module (4) phase successively Even, transmitter unit switching control module (6) connects multiple electromagnetic field emissions units (7), and electromagnetic field receiving unit (8) is located at electronic On automobile (9);Described locating module (4) further comprises GPS positioning device, infrared sensor and ultrasonic sensor;Institute The transmitter unit switching control module (6) stated is some relay switches being connected respectively with electromagnetic field emissions unit (7);
Electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) if in transmitting coil include the spiral planar of the dried layer sequentially arranged from inside to outside concentrically Coil, covering electromagnetic shielding radiating layer on spiral planar coil;The spiral planar hub of a spool of innermost layer is provided with magnetic core, magnetic Core is identical with spiral planar coil shape;The spiral planar coil of adjacent layer be respectively adopted insulated conductor round about around System obtains;The head end of all spiral planar coils is connected, and the tail end of all spiral planar coils is connected;Electromagnetic field emissions Unit (7) is embedded in subsurface;
Locating module (4) positions electric automobile, and electric automobile positional information is sent to signal control module (5);
Signal control module (5) obtains the distance of electric automobile and each electromagnetic field emissions unit (7), root according to electric automobile position Control command is sent to transmitter unit switching control module (6) according to the distance, is specially:
When distance of nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) reaches first threshold in front of electric automobile and its, it is single to send transmitting First switching control module (6) connects the control command of the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) in the front;
When the distance of electric automobile He the nearest electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) in its rear is more than Second Threshold, it is single to send transmitting First switching control module (6) disconnects the control command that the electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) nearest with the rear is connected;
Transmitter unit switching control module (6) switches over according to the control command of reception;
Above-mentioned first threshold and Second Threshold are empirical value, consider automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching control module (6) Switch speed set;
Place's distance is buried when electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) and is more than pre-determined distance, and electricity is positioned using GPS positioning device Electrical automobile position;
Place's distance is buried when electric automobile and electromagnetic field emissions unit (7) and is not more than pre-determined distance, using infrared sensor and is surpassed Sonic sensor positions electric automobile position jointly;
Pre-determined distance is empirical value, considers that the switch speed of automobile driving speed and transmitter unit switching control module (6) is carried out Setting.
2. the electric automobile dynamic radio method of supplying power to based on enhanced emission coil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described spiral planar coil is runway shape spiral planar coil, round screw thread shape planar coil, elliptical spiral Shape planar coil or square spiral shape planar coil.
3. the electric automobile dynamic radio method of supplying power to based on enhanced emission coil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described electromagnetic shielding radiation layer material is iron oxide, steel, copper, aluminium or conducting polyaniline composite material.
4. the electric automobile dynamic radio method of supplying power to based on enhanced emission coil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Receiving coil is the array coil being arranged to make up by some coil units in described electromagnetic field receiving unit (8), coil Unit is spiral planar coil.
CN201510641896.6A 2015-09-30 2015-09-30 Electric automobile dynamic radio electric power system and method based on enhanced emission coil Active CN105162226B (en)

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CN108109831B (en) * 2017-12-14 2021-03-30 宁波微鹅电子科技有限公司 Electric energy transmitting coil module and electric energy transmitting circuit
CN108448740B (en) * 2018-03-13 2022-03-25 武汉理工大学 Dynamic wireless energy transmission circuit system and primary side multi-coil real-time switching method thereof
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CN110893778A (en) * 2018-08-22 2020-03-20 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 Dynamic wireless charging method and device for electric automobile
CN115882901A (en) * 2019-12-31 2023-03-31 上海阪辉新能源科技有限公司 Ground end equipment, mobile end equipment and control method
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