CN105121090A - 气门致动装置及其制造方法 - Google Patents
气门致动装置及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供了一种组装切换式摇臂组件的方法,该切换式摇臂组件具有内臂、外臂和闩。该方法包括:在外臂上压凹外臂表面,该外臂表面限定弧形孔;可在内臂上在内臂闩架处压凹内臂表面;可相对于内臂和外臂定位闩。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2014年3月3日提交的国际申请No.PCT/US2014/019870、于2014年5月1日提交的美国专利申请No.61/986,976以及于2014年11月18日提交的美国专利申请No.62/081,306的优先权。上述申请的公开内容通过引用的方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种内燃机中的切换式滚柱指轮随动器(rollerfingerfollower)或摇臂,尤其涉及一种制造或组装切换式摇臂的内臂、外臂和闩的方法。
背景技术
切换式滚柱指轮随动器或摇臂允许通过在两个或多个状态之间交替变化来控制气门的致动。在某些示例中,摇臂可包括多个臂,如内臂和外臂。在某些情况下,这些臂可接合不同的凸轮凸角,如低升程凸角、高升程凸角和零升程凸角。需要以一种适合于内燃机运行的方式来切换摇臂模式的机构。
通常,在组装前测量摇臂的各部件的尺寸并分类/分级/分选,从而选择合适的部件组合以满足闩锁间隙公差。尺寸测量和分选过程可能很耗时。期望简化组装过程并提供更好的闩锁间隙控制。
本文中所提供的背景技术描述是为了大致呈现本发明的内容。既不明确地也不隐含地承认在背景技术部分所描述的本发明的发明人所作的工作以及在提交申请时可能还不能作为现有技术的说明书的各方面是针对本发明的现有技术。
发明内容
提供了一种组装切换式摇臂组件的方法,该切换式摇臂组件具有内臂、外臂和闩。该方法包括:在外臂上压凹(压印,压陷,indent)外臂表面,该外臂表面限定弧形孔。可在内臂上在内臂闩架处压凹内臂表面。可相对于内臂和外臂定位闩。
根据附加特征,内臂和外臂可定位到夹具基座内。可致动压力机压头到作用在外臂表面上的第一压凹工具上。外臂可由第一外臂部和第二外臂部共同限定。在外臂上压凹外臂表面还可包括:穿过弧形通道定位第一压凹工具。弧形孔可通过由第一外臂部提供的第一外臂表面和由第二外臂部提供的第二外臂表面共同限定。可通过第一压凹工具使第一外臂表面和第二外臂表面偏斜。可抵靠枢转地联接内臂和外臂的枢转轴定位枢转座(pivotswivel)。可通过夹具基座补偿外臂反作用面的错位(不对准,偏差,misalignment)。可持续压凹外臂表面直到销被允许滑动地推进至邻接闩架。致动压力机压头到第一压凹工具上可包括将力从压力机压头传递到钨制工具上。
根据附加特征,压凹内臂表面还可包括穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩架定位第二压凹工具。通过第二压凹工具可将压凹载荷传递到内臂上和内臂闩架上。定位第二压凹工具可包括穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩架定位钨制销。可持续压凹内臂表面直到转换器(transformer)提供停止信号。
提供一种组装根据本发明的附加特征的切换式摇臂组件的方法。所述切换式摇臂组件可具有内臂、外臂和闩。所述切换式摇臂组件可构造成在内臂和外臂锁定在一起的第一正常升程位置(firstnormal-liftposition)和在内臂和外臂独立地移动的第二零升程位置(secondno-liftposition)处运行。所述方法可包括:在外臂上压凹外臂表面。所述外臂表面可限定弧形孔。可在内臂上压凹内臂闩锁表面。在正常升程位置期间,内臂闩锁表面对应于与所述闩接合的表面。可相对于内臂和外臂定位所述闩。
根据附加特征,外臂可由第一外臂部和第二外臂部共同限定。在外臂上压凹外臂表面还可包括:穿过弧形孔定位第一压凹工具。弧形孔可由设置在第一外臂部上的第一外臂表面和设置在第二外臂部上的第二外臂表面限定。可通过第一压凹工具使第一外臂表面和第二外臂表面偏斜。根据其他特征,可抵靠枢转地联接内臂和外臂的枢转轴定位枢转座。可通过夹具基座补偿外臂反作用面的错位。可持续压凹外臂表面直到销被允许滑动地推进至邻接内臂闩锁表面。可致动压力机压头到第一压凹工具上。可将力从压力机压头传递到压凹工具上。压凹内臂表面还可包括:穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩锁表面定位第二压凹工具。通过第二压凹工具将压凹载荷传递到内臂上和内臂闩锁表面上。定位第二压凹工具可包括穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩锁表面定位钨制销。可持续压凹内臂闩锁表面直到转换器提供停止信号。
提供一种组装根据附加特征的切换式摇臂组件的方法。所述切换式摇臂组件可具有内臂、外臂和闩。外臂可具有由第一外臂部上的第一外臂表面和第二外臂部上的第二外臂表面共同限定的弧形孔。内臂可具有内臂闩锁表面。切换式摇臂组件可构造成在内臂和外臂锁定在一起的第一正常升程位置和在内臂和外臂独立地移动的第二零升程位置处运行。所述方法可包括:穿过弧形通道定位第一压凹工具。通过第一压凹工具可在外臂上压凹第一外臂表面和第二外臂表面。可邻接内臂闩锁表面定位第二压凹工具。可在内臂上压凹内臂闩锁表面。在正常升程位置期间,内臂闩锁表面可对应于与所述闩接合的表面。可相对于内臂和外臂定位闩。
根据附加特征,可将内臂和外臂定位在夹具基座内。可致动压力机压头到作用在外臂表面上的第一压凹工具上。可抵靠枢转地联接内臂和外臂的枢转轴定位枢转座。可通过夹具基座补偿外臂反作用面的错位。可持续压凹外臂表面直到销被允许滑动地推进至邻接内臂闩锁表面。压凹内臂闩锁表面还可包括:穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩锁表面定位第二压凹工具。通过第二压凹工具将压凹载荷传递到内臂上和内臂闩锁表面上。
附图说明
结合详细描述和附图将更充分地理解本发明,其中:
图1是根据本发明的一个示例构造的示例性切换式摇臂的前透视图;
图2是根据一个现有技术的示例在尺寸测量和分选过程中的示例性外臂、内臂和闩销的分解透视图;
图3是根据本发明的示例性肾形件(kidneybean)的压凹步骤的侧视图;
图4是根据本发明的示例性闩的压凹步骤的侧视图;
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例构造的示例性肾形件压凹夹具组件的透视图;
图6是图5的肾形件压凹夹具组件的剖视图;
图7是用于压凹限定肾形孔的表面的钨制轴的透视细节图;
图8是根据本发明的一个实施例构造的闩压凹夹具组件的透视图;
图9是图8的闩压凹夹具组件的剖视图;以及
图10是接触图8的闩压凹夹具组件的夹具基座的内臂的透视细节图。
具体实施方式
首先参考图1,根据本发明的一个示例构造的示例性切换式摇臂被示出并且以附图标记10总体标示。切换式摇臂组件10可以是安装在活塞驱动式内燃机上的紧凑型凸轮驱动的单凸角停缸(CDA-1L)的切换式摇臂,该单凸角停缸的切换式摇臂由双供给液压间隙调节器(DFHLA)12和油控制阀(OCV)16组合致动。切换式摇臂组件10可与单凸角凸轮20接合。切换式摇臂组件10可包括内臂22和外臂24。默认的构型处于内臂22和外臂24锁定在一起的正常升程(锁定)位置,使得发动机气门26打开且允许汽缸如在标准配气机构中那样运行。DFHLA12具有两个油口。下油口28提供间隙补偿且类似于标准的HLA供给发动机油。上油口30(称为切换式压力端口)提供在来自OCV16的控制的油压与闩32之间的管道。当接合闩32时,内臂22和外臂24像标准摇臂一样一起运行以打开发动机气门26。在零升程(未锁定)位置,内臂22和外臂24可独立地移动以实现停缸。
集成有一对空转扭转弹簧40,使内臂22的位置偏移成使得其始终与凸轮轴凸角20保持持续接触。扭转弹簧40由弹簧保持器44被固定到外臂24上的安装部。空转扭转弹簧40与使用多个凸角以利于凸轮轴20和内臂滚柱轴承50持续接触的设计相比需要更高的预加载。
现在参考图2,示出根据现有技术的示例性流程图52,用于确定待一起组装成切换式摇臂组件10所需的部件。通常,测量各个内臂22和外臂24以确定特定的公差。一旦它们被测量,则例如在储藏箱里对它们进行分选,如在方框54处标示出。类似地,测量每个闩销32的公差并相应地分选。在已知各个部件的公差的情况下,可选择共同满足预定公差的内臂22、外臂24和闩销32。
现在参考图3和图4,本发明提供了用于组装内臂22、外臂24和闩销32的两步式压凹过程。在这方面,闩锁间隙通过两步压凹过程设定。步骤1(图3)包括肾形件的压凹。通常,外臂24限定肾形豆形状的弧形孔或通道60。弧形通道60由在第一外臂部24A上的第一弧形孔或通道60A和在第二外臂部24B上的第二弧形孔或通道60B共同限定(见图2)。类似地,弧形通道60设置有由在第一外臂部24A上的第一肾形表面66A和在第二外臂部24B上的第二肾形表面66B共同限定的肾形表面66。在步骤1中,力F1施加到诸如压凹工具、轴或杆如钨制工具64上,以压凹表面66,从而限定弧形通道60。反作用力R1和R2可在外臂24上的将要在本文中获知的区域处提供。施加力F1直到表面66达到最佳空隙。
步骤2(图4)包括闩的压凹。力F2施加至内臂22以抵靠在穿过闩孔80(见图2和图6)安装的钨制工具74上来压凹闩锁表面70,该闩孔限定成穿过外臂24。闩锁表面70是当切换式摇臂组件10处在正常升程位置时与闩销32接合的表面(在此也称为“内臂闩架”)。可将停止压印心轴82定位于弧形通道60内。可在外臂24上的将在本文中获知的区域处提供反作用力R3和R4。力F2施加至内臂22直到获得最终的功能性的闩锁空隙。因为公差是受控的,随后可将闩销32(图2)组装至外臂24内,而无需分选。
现在参考图5-7,将描述可用于实施步骤1(图3)的肾形件的压凹过程的示例性部件。通常,肾形件压凹夹具组件100可包括夹具基座104、枢转座110、压力机压头118、压力机转臂(pressswivel)120、钨制工具或轴64、E脚夹紧件124和线性可变位移转换器式(LVDT)传感器128。在使用期间,可将外臂24定位到夹具基座104上。自压力机转臂120延伸出的臂部140可与钨制轴64接合。枢转座110和E脚夹紧件124可定位成支承外臂24的端部和内臂22的端部。压力机压头118可通过压力机转臂120将力传递到位于肾形孔60中的钨制轴64上,这会最终在肾形孔60的表面66上产生压凹/压陷(另见图3)。注意,与图3所示的示例相比,在肾形件压凹夹具组件100中,内臂22、外臂24两者翻转至颠倒位置。应理解的是,在本发明的范围内,在表面66的压凹期间,内臂22和外臂24可定位在任何方向上。LVDT传感器128可测量在压凹过程中的变量,如载荷、振动和位移。
继续参考图5-7,将描述肾形件压凹夹具组件100和压凹过程的另外的特征。通过臂部140将压凹载荷F1(图3)施加到钨制轴64上。在外臂24上的反作用力(如R1和R2,图3)由夹具基座104提供。枢转轴130(图6)由枢旋座110保持以补偿外臂反作用面的(与夹具基座104接触的)相对错位。钨制轴64通过压力机转臂120被加载以补偿肾形表面66A、66B的相对错位。当压陷达到一定值以允许销150移入设置在闩锁表面70处的闩架154中时,LVDT传感器128向压力机压头118提供停止信号。
肾形件压凹夹具组件100提供枢转轴130至内臂轴承轴孔之间的平行自由度。在初始设置期间设置平行度补偿。部件在压凹过程中锁定相对运动。肾形件压凹夹具组件100还提供外臂24的铸造变化补偿。在补偿后,在相对侧上提供均一的刀具/工具位移。压力机压头118是固定的。平的压头可作用在硬质合金工具上以允许内臂的长度公差变化。可设置测量装置用于测量初始闩锁空隙。可设置位移传感器监控压印心轴。
现在参考图8-10,将描述可用于实施步骤2(图4)的闩压凹过程的示例性部件。通常,闩压凹夹具组件200可包括夹具基座204、压力机压头218、钨制销74、内臂夹紧件220、E脚枢转轴夹紧件224和LVDT传感器228。枢转轴130由(E脚)枢转轴夹紧件224保持。内臂22被夹持成使其与夹具基座204接触。将钨制销74插入到外臂闩孔80和内臂闩架154中(继步骤1之后可实现,见图6)。通过压力机压头218将压凹载荷施加到外臂插槽上。在内臂22上的反作用力由夹具基座204提供。架154由于从钨制销74所传递的力而被压陷。当架154的压陷达到目标值时,LVDT228向压力机压头218提供停止信号。
通常,闩压凹夹具组件200设置墓石式装载结构(tombstoneloadingstructure),防止工具从一侧偏斜到另一侧。在夹具基座204上设置调整垫块。位移传感器监控压凹心轴。
出于示出和描述的目的提供了对前述实施例的说明。这并非是要穷举或者限制本发明。特定实施例的单独的元件或特征通常不限于该特定实施例,而是可以互换的并且可用于选定的实施例中(如果可适用的话),即使没有被具体地示出或描述。所述元件或特征也可以以多种不同的方式改变。这些改变不视为脱离本发明,并且所有的这些改动都涵盖在本发明的范围内。
Claims (20)
1.一种组装切换式摇臂组件的方法,该切换式摇臂组件具有内臂、外臂和闩,所述方法包括:
在所述外臂上压凹外臂表面,所述外臂表面限定弧形孔;
在所述内臂上在内臂闩架处压凹内臂表面;以及
相对于内臂和外臂定位所述闩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
将所述内臂和外臂定位到夹具基座内;
致动压力机压头到第一压凹工具上,该第一压凹工具作用在所述外臂表面上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,所述外臂由第一外臂部和第二外臂部共同限定,并且其中在所述外臂上压凹外臂表面还包括:
穿过弧形孔定位所述第一压凹工具,弧形孔通过由所述第一外臂部提供的第一外臂表面和由所述第二外臂部提供的第二外臂表面共同限定;以及
通过所述第一压凹工具使所述第一外臂表面和第二外臂表面偏斜。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,还包括:
使枢转座定位成抵靠在枢转地联接所述内臂和所述外臂的枢转轴上;
通过所述夹具基座补偿外臂反作用面的错位。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
持续压凹所述外臂表面直到销被允许滑动地推进至邻接闩架。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,致动压力机压头到第一压凹工具上包括:
将力从所述压力机压头传递到钨制工具上。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中,压凹所述内臂表面还包括:
穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩架定位第二压凹工具;以及
通过所述第二压凹工具将压凹载荷传递到所述内臂上和所述内臂闩架上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中,定位所述第二压凹工具包括穿过所述外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩架定位钨制销。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,还包括:
持续压凹所述内臂表面直到转换器提供停止信号。
10.一种组装切换式摇臂组件的方法,该切换式摇臂组件具有内臂、外臂和闩,所述切换式摇臂组件构造成在内臂和外臂锁定在一起的第一正常升程位置和在内臂和外臂独立地移动的第二零升程位置处运行,所述方法包括:
在所述外臂上压凹外臂表面,所述外臂表面限定弧形孔;
在所述内臂上压凹内臂闩锁表面,在正常升程位置期间,所述内臂闩锁表面对应于与所述闩接合的表面;以及
相对于所述内臂和外臂定位闩。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述外臂由第一外臂部和第二外臂部共同限定,并且其中在外臂上压凹外臂表面还包括:
穿过弧形孔定位第一压凹工具,所述弧形孔通过由所述第一外臂部提供的第一外臂表面和由所述第二外臂部提供的第二外臂表面限定;以及
通过所述第一压凹工具使所述第一外臂表面和第二外臂表面偏斜。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,还包括:
使枢转座定位成抵靠在枢转地联接所述内臂和所述外臂的枢转轴上;以及
通过夹具基座补偿外臂反作用面的错位。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,还包括:
持续压凹所述外臂表面直到销被允许滑动地推进至邻接所述内臂闩锁表面。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,还包括:
致动压力机压头到所述第一压凹工具上;以及
将力从所述压力机压头传递到所述压凹工具上。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,压凹所述内臂表面还包括:
穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩锁表面定位第二压凹工具;以及
通过所述第二压凹工具将压凹载荷传递到所述内臂上和所述内臂闩锁表面上。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中,定位所述第二压凹工具包括穿过所述外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩锁表面定位钨制销。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,还包括:
持续压凹所述内臂表面直到转换器提供停止信号。
18.一种组装切换式摇臂组件的方法,该切换式摇臂组件具有内臂、外臂和闩,外臂具有由第一外臂部上的第一外臂表面和第二外臂部上的第二外臂表面共同限定的弧形孔,所述内臂具有内臂闩锁表面,所述切换式摇臂组件构造成在内臂和外臂锁定在一起的第一正常升程位置和在内臂和外臂独立地移动的第二零升程位置处运行,所述方法包括:
穿过所述弧形通道定位第一压凹工具;
通过所述第一压凹工具在所述外臂上压凹所述第一外臂表面和第二外臂表面;
邻接所述内臂闩锁表面定位第二压凹工具;
在所述内臂上压凹所述内臂闩锁表面,在正常升程位置期间,所述内臂闩锁表面对应于与所述闩接合的表面;以及
相对于所述内臂和外臂定位闩。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,还包括:
将所述内臂和外臂定位在夹具基座内;
致动压力机压头到所述第一压凹工具上,该第一压凹工具作用在所述外臂表面上;
使枢转座定位成抵靠在枢转地联接所述内臂和所述外臂的枢转轴上;
通过所述夹具基座补偿外臂反作用面的错位;以及
持续压凹所述外臂表面直到销被允许滑动地推进至邻接所述内臂闩锁表面。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中,压凹所述内臂闩锁表面还包括:
穿过外臂闩孔且邻接内臂闩锁表面定位所述第二压凹工具;以及
通过所述第二压凹工具将压凹载荷传递到所述内臂上和所述内臂闩锁表面上。
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US8037601B2 (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2011-10-18 | Nakanishi Metal Works Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method for rocker arm |
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CN109661507B (zh) * | 2016-06-25 | 2021-04-16 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | 气门总成 |
CN110582619A (zh) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-12-17 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | 用于致动可切换摇臂中的闩锁的致动装置和包括该致动装置的配气机构 |
CN110582619B (zh) * | 2017-03-09 | 2021-10-19 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | 用于致动可切换摇臂中的闩锁的致动装置和包括该致动装置的配气机构 |
US11359523B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2022-06-14 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Actuation arrangement for actuating a latch in a switchable rocker arm and a valve train comprising the same |
US11506092B2 (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2022-11-22 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Engine brake rocker arm having biasing configuration |
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CN109128822B (zh) * | 2018-11-06 | 2023-04-07 | 济南易恒技术有限公司 | 发动机摇臂气门全自动装配工艺及生产线 |
CN114901927A (zh) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-08-12 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | 带有具有非对称内滚轮的内臂的切换滚轮指状从动件 |
CN114901927B (zh) * | 2020-01-20 | 2024-05-24 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | 带有具有非对称内滚轮的内臂的切换滚轮指状从动件 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150371793A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 |
US9869211B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
US20160273413A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
DE112015000034T5 (de) | 2015-11-19 |
US20180163576A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
US9995183B2 (en) | 2018-06-12 |
WO2015134466A1 (en) | 2015-09-11 |
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