CN105111195A - 他克林-联苯双酯杂合物、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
他克林-联苯双酯杂合物、其制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105111195A CN105111195A CN201510539643.8A CN201510539643A CN105111195A CN 105111195 A CN105111195 A CN 105111195A CN 201510539643 A CN201510539643 A CN 201510539643A CN 105111195 A CN105111195 A CN 105111195A
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Abstract
他克林-联苯双酯杂合物、其制备方法及应用,属于医药与化工领域,所述杂合物具有下述式(I)或式(II)的通式结构:其中,R1=H或Cl,R2=H或Cl;Y=CH2,NCH3,NH,羰基,乙二酰基,1,3-丙二酰基,对环己烷基,或OCH2CH2O;m=0~4,n=0~4;且m、n均为整数,式(II)的-CH2-NH-的碳端在苯环的3-位或4-位。由上述结构式(I)和(II)表示的化合物显示优越的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制作用。因此本发明另一方面涉及它们以及以它们为活性成分的药物组合物,在治疗、改善或预防乙酰胆碱酯酶介导的相关疾病的药物的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药与化工领域,具体涉及他克林-联苯双酯杂合物、其制备方法及应用。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默症(Alzheimerdisease,AD)是一种神经退行性疾病,由德国神经病理学家AloisAlzheimer于1907年发现,表现为中枢神经系统退化,神经元胞内出现神经元纤维缠结和胞外出现老年斑的病理特征。临床上患者逐渐出现记忆力减退、认知功能障碍、行为异常和社交障碍等,通常病情呈进行性加重,直到完全丧失独立生活能力。
老年痴呆是一种在老人群体中十分常见的疾病,已经成为继肿瘤、心脏病、脑血管病之后引起老年人死亡的第四大病因。随着世界人口老龄化进程的加快,AD病患者人数也将越来越多。2006年预防痴呆症国际会议上指出全世界有超过2600万AD患者,全球48%的早老性痴呆症患者在亚洲,形式非常严峻。
目前临床上治疗AD的药物主要是基于胆碱能假说而研究开发出来的乙酰胆碱脂酶抑制剂(acetylcholinesteraseinhibitors,AChEIs)。该类药物的作用机制是通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE),提高患者脑内乙酰胆碱(acetylcholine,ACh)水平,从而提高患者的记忆和认知能力,明显改善患者神经精神症状。
他克林(Tacrine),是第一个用于治疗AD的胆碱脂酶抑制剂,它是一种喹啉类衍生物,1993年被美国FDA批准进入临床使用。然而很快发现它具有肝毒性,能使血清中的转氨酶水平升高,使得很多患者不能耐受他克林的治疗,从而导致临床使用受限,目前该药已经退出了临床使用。但他克林对老年痴呆症的疗效肯定,特别是对胆碱酯酶抑制活性很强,所以对他克林杂合物的研究一直没有停止。老年痴呆症的成因复杂,其中涉及许多因素和相关靶点,针对这些相关靶点,科学家们采用合理的挛药设计思路,合成出许多他克林杂合物及类似物,希望能够得到对胆碱酯酶抑制活性更高并且具有多重药效活性的新颖化合物。Pang等报道了烷烃偶联的“他克林二联体”衍生物中,活性最强的为中间七个亚甲基相连接的双他克林衍生物,其治疗效果是他克林的100倍,毒性低近10000倍,而且此类化合物合成简便,成本低(Pang,YR,etal,J.Bio.Chem.,1993,271,23646-23649和WO9721681,1997-06-19)。虽然这些化合物的活性和疗效比他克林有了明显的提高,但是由于水溶性不好和人体耐受性差等因素,这些衍生物也仅停留在I期临床阶段。
2006年,Elsinghorst等报道了烷氧基取代的芳香环通过酰胺或酰肼与他克林桥联的杂合物,对胆碱酯酶的抑制活性较他克林大大提高,对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性达到5纳摩,对丁酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性达到皮摩级(IC50=0.226nM),而且实验证明其烷氧基取代的芳香环可以作用在AChE的PAS部位。(Elsinghorst,PW,etal,J.Med.Chem.,2006,49,7540-7544)其他一些研究小组通过他克林与其他药物或小分子偶合,如与抗β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)生成和聚集的小分子,抗氧化剂,钙离子拮抗剂,金属离子螯合剂等,希望得到除了抑制胆碱酯酶外的其他活性,而且文献报道这些设计思路被证明是可行的。
发明内容
本发明的化合物存在两个主要单元:他克林部分和联苯双酯部分,它们通过适当的连接基团相连。一方面可以调整连接基团的长度及类型,使得杂合物能够同时与酶的双位点结合,提高对AChE的抑制活性;另一方面,发挥联苯双酯的保肝降酶作用,降低毒副作用。
本发明涉及式(I)和(II)的杂合物或其互变异构体,药用盐,前药或溶剂化物,还包括药用载体、辅剂或赋形剂。
其中,R1=H或Cl,R2=H或Cl;Y=CH2,NCH3,NH,羰基,乙二酰基,1,3-丙二酰基,对环己烷基,或OCH2CH2O;m=0~4,n=0~4;且m、n均为整数,式(II)的-CH2-NH-的碳端在苯环的3-位或4-位。
上文所述“药用盐,前药,溶剂化物”是指任何药用盐,脂,溶剂化物,或经施用于接受者后能够提供直接或间接本文所述化合物的其他化合物。例如,本发明提供的化合物的药用盐可以通过常规方法由母体化合物制备,该母体化合物含有碱的部分。通常该盐,例如通过将游离碱形式的这些化合物与化学计算量的适当酸在水中或在有机溶剂中或者在两者的混合物中制备。通常,非水性介质如乙醇,乙酸乙酯,乙醚乙腈或异丙醇是优选的。酸加成盐的实例包括无机酸加成盐例如,盐酸盐,氢溴酸盐,氢碘酸盐,硫酸盐,硝酸盐,和有机酸加成盐,例如乙酸盐,马来酸盐,富马酸盐,柠檬酸盐,草酸盐,琥珀酸盐,酒石酸盐,苹果酸盐,扁桃酸盐和甲苯磺酸盐。优选的杂合物或前药是相对母体物质,当将这些化合物使用于患者时提高本发明化合物的生物利用度(例如通过使口服给药的化合物更容易被吸收到血液中)或增强母体化合物向生物区室(例如脑或淋巴系统)的传递等。式(I)和(II)杂合物前药的任何化合物属于本发明的范围内,术语“前药”以其最广泛的意义使用并且包括在体内转化为本发明化合物的那些杂合物。这些杂合物对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的,并且根据分子中存在的官能团,包括不限于本发明化合物的下列杂合物:脂,氨基酸酯,氨基甲酸酯和酰胺。
上文所述药学上可接受的“载体、辅剂或赋形剂”是指药学领域常规的药物载体,例如:稀释剂,赋形剂如水等,填充剂如淀粉蔗糖等;黏合剂如纤维素衍生物、明胶等;另外还可以以组合物中加入其他辅料如香味剂、甜味剂等。
本发明的化合物可以作为有利化合物或作为溶剂化物的晶体形式。溶剂化的方法是本领域内公知的,适当的溶剂化物是药用溶剂化物。在具体实施方案中,溶剂化物是水合物。
9-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶可以按照文献已经报道的方法合成(Carlier,PR,Han,YFetalBioorg.Med.Chem.1999,7,351-357)。联苯双酯的酰氯可以按照文献已经报道的方法合成(Wang,GC,Deng,CYetalEur.J.Med.Chem.2011,46,5941-5948)。
本发明杂合物的合成路线如下:
具体制备方法是:
(1)将溶解在正戊醇中,加入催化剂碘化钾和加热回流至原料反应完全,经后处理得到具体操作步骤可参考文献W.Luo,Y.P.Li,Y.He,S.L.Huang,J.H.Tan,T.M.Ou,D.Li,L.Q.Gu,Z.S.Huang,Bioorg.Med.Chem.19(2011)763-770;
(2)将溶解在无水甲醇中,加入3-羟基苯甲醛或4-羟基苯甲醛,反应完全后,蒸干溶剂,加入无水甲醇和硼氢化钠,搅拌至反应完全,蒸干溶剂,加水,乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥,浓缩纯化得到中间体
(3)将三乙胺,中间体或溶解到氯仿中,搅拌至反应完全,蒸干溶剂,乙酸乙酯稀释,水洗,干燥,浓缩纯化后得到最终产物。
如果需要,可以通过常规方法如结晶法或色谱法纯化反应产物。当用于制备本发明化合物的上述方法产生立体异构体的混合物时,这些异构体可以通过常规技术和制备色谱法分离。如果存在手性中心,化合物可能以外消旋形式制备,或者可以通过对应特异性合成或通过拆分来制备单个的对映异构体。一种优选的药用形式是结晶形式,包括药物组合物中的这种形式。如果是盐和溶剂化物,另外的离子或溶剂部分也应当是非毒性的。
本发明另外提供以式(I)和(II)化合物为活性成分的药物组合物,其包含本发明的化合物或其互变异构体、药用盐类、前药或溶剂化物,以及药用载体,辅剂或赋形剂。
本发明的化合物可以与其他药物一起制备成组合物,例如制备成复方药物。
由上述结构式(I)和(II)表示的化合物或其互变异构体、药用盐类、前药或溶剂化物显示优越的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制作用。因此本发明另一方面涉及它们以及以它们为活性成分的药物组合物,在治疗、改善或预防乙酰胆碱酯酶介导的相关疾病的药物的用途,该药物可以用来治疗、改善或预防:认知功能障碍如老年痴呆症,脑血管痴呆,轻度认知损伤,或带有异常蛋白聚集的神经退行性痴呆症,特别是阿尔茨海默症等。
本发明的他克林-联苯双酯杂合物或其互变异构体、药用盐类、前药或溶剂化物可以制备成片剂、丸剂、胶囊、注射剂、悬浮剂或乳剂等。
基于作用于AD不同靶点的药物要比单一靶点的治疗效果更好的特点,而且很多研究都是关注提高他克林衍生物的胆碱酯酶抑制活性,很少有人围绕他克林的肝毒性,转氨酶的升高等毒副作用来设计化合物。本发明关注他克林的肝毒性,发明了预防和治疗AChE介导的神经退行性疾病药物尤其是阿尔茨海默症的药物,一系列低肝毒性的的他克林-联苯双酯杂合物。联苯双酯,(DDBDimethyldiphenylbicarboxylate),中文名称为4,4'-二甲氧基-5,6,5',6'-二次甲二氧-2,2'-二甲酸甲酯联苯,是在人工合成五味子丙素的研究中发现的中间产物,也是我国自主研制的保肝降酶药物。联苯双酯是国内的常用药物,包括治疗病毒性肝炎和药物性肝损伤等引起的转氨酶升高。联苯双酯的药理及临床作用有显著的保肝降酶作用,可减轻致病因子对肝组织的损伤;增强肝脏解毒功能,减轻和防治病理性和药物毒物引起的肝损伤;降低肝脏内过氧化反应,保护肝细胞内的生物酶结构,促进肝细胞再生及改善肝功能。此外,文献报道此类联苯化合物具有抗炎,抗癌,抗病毒,抑制Aβ纤维的形成,抑制分泌酶等作用。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
本发明的优选化合物的结构是:式(I)R1=R2=H,Y=CH2,式(II)R1=R2=H,Y=CH2,m=0~4,n=0~4;且m、n均为整数,此时的结构活性优于其他结构活性。
优选结构化合物的合成路线如下:
具体制备方法是:
(1)将在正戊醇中,加入催化剂碘化钾和加热回流至原料反应完全,经后处理得到具体操作步骤可参考文献W.Luo,Y.P.Li,Y.He,S.L.Huang,J.H.Tan,T.M.Ou,D.Li,L.Q.Gu,Z.S.Huang,Bioorg.Med.Chem.19(2011)763-770;
(2)将溶解在无水甲醇中,加入3-羟基苯甲醛或4-羟基苯甲醛,反应完全后,蒸干溶剂,加入无水甲醇和硼氢化钠,搅拌至反应完全,蒸干溶剂,加水,乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥,浓缩纯化得到中间体(具体合成步骤参见实施例4);
(3)将(联苯双酯酰氯),三乙胺,将中间体或溶解到氯仿中,搅拌至反应完全,蒸干溶剂,乙酸乙酯稀释,水洗,干燥,浓缩纯化后得到最终产物。
实施例一:
甲基-7,7’-二甲氧基-5’-(4-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)丁基甲酰胺基)-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5-羧酸酯。
将N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺(1.0mmol),联苯双酯酰氯(1.0mmol),三乙胺(0.5mL)溶于20mL三氯甲烷中,室温搅拌12小时,反应完毕,蒸干溶剂,加入30mL乙酸乙酯,水洗三次,有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,蒸干溶剂,硅胶柱层析分离。洗脱剂为氯仿:甲醇:氨水=200︰5︰1(体积比)。
产品为淡黄色固体,产率:61%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.90(d,J=9.6Hz,2H),7.51(t,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.31(t,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.17(s,1H),7.00(s,1H),6.27(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),5.94(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.91(d,J=1.1Hz,1H),5.89(dd,J=2.3,1.3Hz,2H),4.33(s,1H),3.88(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),3.72(s,3H),3.37(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.34-3.27(m,1H),3.11-3.08(m,1H),3.02(s,2H),2.63(s,2H),1.85(t,J=2.9Hz,4H),1.46-1.38(m,2H),1.34-1.26(m,2H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ168.13,167.51,157.47,151.27,147.87,146.45,146.12,143.28,142.83,138.42,136.24,130.53,128.84,127.50,124.44,123.92,122.90,119.63,115.51,110.60,108.19,107.81,102.68,102.13,56.68,56.44,52.53,48.77,39.17,33.16,28.60,26.96,24.65,22.87,22.44.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C36H37N3O9)requiresm/z656.2608,found656.2610.
实施例二:
甲基-7,7’-二甲氧基-5’-(6-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)己基甲酰胺基)-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5-羧酸酯。
方法同实施例一,所不同的是用N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)己基-1,6-己二胺代替N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺,最终得淡黄色固体。
产率:41%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99(dd,J=12.4,8.4Hz,2H),7.55(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.35(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.23(s,1H),7.05(s,1H),6.21(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),5.97(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),5.92(s,2H),4.47(s,1H),3.92(s,3H),3.90(s,3H),3.76(s,3H),3.51(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),3.32(dd,J=13.5,6.8Hz,1H),3.11-2.99(m,3H),2.70(s,2H),1.90(s,4H),1.65-1.55(m,2H),1.32-1.17(m,4H),1.13-1.03(m,2H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ167.95,167.41,157.18,151.57,147.90,146.45,145.93,143.27,142.82,138.48,136.20,130.70,128.93,127.27,124.45,123.85,123.08,119.49,115.13,110.76,110.69,108.31,107.89,102.63,102.08,56.74,56.45,52.44,49.09,39.39,33.04,31.37,29.35,26.49,26.35,24.65,22.87,22.41.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C38H41N3O9)requiresm/z684.2921,found684.2924.
实施例三:
甲基-7,7’-二甲氧基-5’-(8-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)辛基甲酰胺基)-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5-羧酸酯。
方法同实施例一,所不同的是用N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)辛基-1,8-辛二胺代替N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺,最终得淡黄色固体。
产率:66%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.55(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),7.34(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.23(s,1H),7.06(s,1H),6.11(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),5.98(dd,J=8.4,1.1Hz,2H),5.92(s,2H),4.17(s,1H),3.93(d,J=2.0Hz,6H),3.76(s,3H),3.50(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.31(dq,J=13.6,6.9Hz,1H),3.10-2.97(m,3H),2.70(s,2H),1.93-1.90(m,4H),1.69-1.60(m,2H),1.40-1.31(m,2H),1.26-1.14(m,6H),1.07-0.97(m,2H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ167.87,167.42,157.94,151.11,147.92,146.87,146.42,143.31,142.85,138.51,136.19,130.78,128.54,128.18,124.42,123.69,122.95,119.94,115.54,110.75,110.67,108.32,107.90,102.65,102.08,56.71,56.44,52.43,49.41,39.61,33.65,31.67,29.34,29.16,26.88,26.60,24.73,23.00,22.66.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C40H45N3O9)requiresm/z712.3234,found712.3247.
实施例四:
5-甲基-5’-(4-((4-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)丁胺基)甲基)苯基)-7,7’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5,5’-二羧酸酯。
将N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺(1.0mmol),对羟基苯甲醛(1.0mmol)溶于20mL无水甲醇中,室温搅拌12小时。蒸干溶剂,加入20mL无水甲醇和硼氢化钠(6.0mmol),室温搅拌12小时。反应完毕,蒸干溶剂,加水,乙酸乙酯萃取,无水Na2SO4干燥,蒸干后硅胶柱层析分离得中间体。洗脱剂为氯仿:甲醇:氨水=200︰10︰1(体积比)。
将上述中间体,联苯双酯酰氯(1.0mmol)和三乙胺(0.5mL)溶于20mL三氯甲烷中,室温搅拌12小时。反应完毕,蒸干溶剂,加入30mL乙酸乙酯,水洗三次,有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,蒸干溶剂,硅胶柱层析分离。洗脱剂为氯仿:甲醇:氨水=200︰5︰1(体积比)。
产品为无色油状液体,产率:59%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.86(t,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.49-7.43(m,2H),7.25-7.21(m,1H),7.19(s,3H),7.17(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),6.85(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),5.94(s,2H),5.90(dd,J=1.4,1.4Hz,2H),3.91(s,3H),3.83(s,3H),3.64(s,2H),3.61(s,3H),3.42(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.97(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.59(t,J=5.2Hz,2H),2.55(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),1.83-1.78(m,4H),1.66-1.58(m,2H),1.54-1.48(m,2H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.29,164.53,157.97,151.08,149.76,147.35,147.21,146.85,142.56,142.50,138.75,138.31,137.68,129.04,128.57,128.16,123.74,123.31,122.93,122.88,121.41,119.97,115.64,112.68,112.14,111.66,111.23,102.50,102.39,56.67,56.60,53.35,51.97,49.30,48.81,33.64,29.45,27.50,24.83,23.00,22.65.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C43H43N3O10)requiresm/z762.3027,found762.3031.
实施例五:
5-甲基-5’-(4-((6-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)己胺基)甲基)苯基)-7,7’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5,5’-二羧酸酯。
方法同实施例四,所不同的是用N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)己基-1,6-己二胺代替N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺,最终得无色油状液体。
产率:63%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99(dd,J=8.5,2.9Hz,2H),7.58-.53(m,2H),7.38-7.32(m,2H),7.30(s,1H),6.93(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.04-5.95(m,4H),3.99(s,3H),3.91(s,3H),3.75(s,2H),3.69(s,3H),3.55(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.08(s,2H),2.66(s,2H),2.59(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.92-1.86(m,4H),1.71-1.64(m,2H),1.55-1.48(m,2H),1.41-1.33(m,4H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.28,164.52,156.80,151.86,149.81,147.34,147.20,145.53,142.55,142.49,138.74,138.30,137.20,129.23,129.17,126.89,123.92,123.30,123.23,122.87,121.38,119.26,114.78,112.67,112.12,111.67,111.24,102.49,102.38,56.67,56.59,53.22,51.96,49.15,49.00,32.78,31.49,29.65,26.96,26.76,24.58,22.82,22.33.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C45H47N3O10)requiresm/z790.3340,found790.3324.
实施例六:
5-甲基-5’-(4-((8-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)辛胺基)甲基)苯基)-7,7’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5,5’-二羧酸酯。
方法同实施例四,所不同的是用N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)辛基-1,8-辛二胺代替N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺,最终得无色油状液体。
产率:55%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.97(t,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.60-7.52(m,2H),7.37-7.31(m,2H),7.29(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),6.93(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.03-5.95(m,4H),3.98(s,3H),3.91(s,3H),3.74(s,2H),3.69(s,3H),3.52(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.07(s,2H),2.67(s,2H),2.58(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.89(s,4H),1.70-1.61(m,2H),1.49-1.47(m,2H),1.38-1.27(m,8H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.28,164.53,157.38,151.51,149.74,147.34,147.21,146.24,142.55,142.49,138.73,138.31,137.55,129.13,128.85,127.54,123.78,123.30,123.12,122.91,121.34,119.61,115.11,112.66,112.13,111.66,111.25,102.48,102.38,56.66,56.59,53.30,51.95,49.35,49.27,33.22,31.65,29.87,29.40,29.26,27.19,26.84,24.64,22.92,22.51.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C47H51N3O10)requiresm/z818.3653,found818.3634.
实施例七:
5-甲基-5’-(3-((4-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)丁胺基)甲基)苯基)-7,7’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5,5’-二羧酸酯。
方法同实施例四,所不同的是用间羟基苯甲醛代替对羟基苯甲醛,最终得无色油状液体。
产率:47%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.92(dd,J=17.7,8.4Hz,2H),7.59-7.50(m,2H),7.39-7.30(m,2H),7.27(s,2H),7.12(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.98(s,1H),6.87(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.00(d,J=14.5Hz,4H),3.98(s,3H),3.90(s,3H),3.74(s,2H),3.69(s,3H),3.48(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.05(s,2H),2.65(dd,J=16.5,9.7Hz,4H),1.89(s,4H),1.72-1.67(m,2H),1.62-1.55(m,2H),1.25(s,2H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.30,164.49,158.49,150.98,150.75,147.47,147.34,147.20,142.56,142.50,142.13,138.75,138.33,129.32,128.72,128.30,125.29,123.65,123.28,122.84,121.09,120.29,119.99,116.01,112.73,112.13,111.62,111.23,102.51,102.41,100.00,56.65,56.57,53.59,51.97,49.36,48.97,34.05,29.50,27.56,24.90,23.09,22.81.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C43H43N3O10)requiresm/z762.3027,found762.3008.
实施例八:
5-甲基-5’-(3-((6-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)己胺基)甲基)苯基)-7,7’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5,5’-二羧酸酯。
方法同实施例四,所不同的是用间羟基苯甲醛代替对羟基苯甲醛,N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)己基-1,6-己二胺代替N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺,最终得无色油状液体。
产率:63%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.94(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.89(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.56(s,1H),7.52(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.36(s,1H),7.32(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.26(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.12(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.99(s,1H),6.87(dd,J=8.0,1.5Hz,1H),5.99(d,J=9.9Hz,4H),3.97(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),3.73(s,2H),3.69(s,3H),3.45(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.04(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.67(t,J=5.3Hz,2H),2.57(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.90-1.88(m,4H),1.67-1.58(m,2H),1.51-1.44(m,2H),1.41-1.29(m,4H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.28,164.48,158.43,150.96,150.76,147.50,147.36,147.22,142.54,142.49,142.33,138.73,138.33,129.24,128.74,128.25,125.28,123.57,123.30,122.88,121.06,120.27,119.89,115.90,112.72,112.13,111.62,111.26,102.49,102.40,56.64,56.57,53.64,51.95,49.42,49.32,34.09,31.71,29.99,27.09,26.88,24.83,23.10,22.83.HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C45H47N3O10)requiresm/z790.3340,found790.3315.
实施例九:
5-甲基-5’-(3-((8-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-胺基)辛胺基)甲基)苯基)-7,7’-二甲氧基-4,4’-二苯基[d][1,3]二氧亚甲基-5,5’-二羧酸酯。
方法同实施例四,所不同的是用间羟基苯甲醛代替对羟基苯甲醛,N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)辛基-1,8-辛二胺代替N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-9-氨基)丁基-1,4-丁二胺,最终得无色油状液体。
产率:55%,1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.96(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.61-7.51(m,2H),7.37(s,2H),7.33(dd,J=8.3,7.0Hz,1H),7.27(s,1H),7.14(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.99(s,1H),6.87(dd,J=8.0,1.4Hz,1H),6.07-5.96(m,4H),3.99(s,3H),3.92(s,3H),3.75(s,2H),3.70(s,3H),3.48(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.07(s,2H),2.70(s,2H),2.59(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.94-1.87(m,4H),1.65(dt,J=14.6,7.3Hz,2H),1.47(d,J=6.6Hz,2H),1.39-1.26(m,8H).13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ166.28,164.46,158.26,150.90,147.28,147.16,142.51,142.46,142.26,138.69,138.30,129.25,128.52,128.36,125.30,123.59,123.21,122.92,122.82,121.08,120.11,119.90,115.69,112.71,112.09,111.49,111.14,102.50,102.41,56.60,56.53,53.64,51.97,49.49,33.92,31.76,30.03,29.44,29.31,27.23,26.88,24.76,23.04,22.76.Purity:96.5%byHPLC,HRMS(ESI):calcdfor[M+H]+(C47H51N3O10)requiresm/z818.3653,found818.3629.
试验例一:生物学评估
乙酰胆碱脂酶(AChE)抑制实验
选择实施例一~九制备的化合物,采用Ellman(Ellman,GL,Courtney,KD,etal,Biochem.Pharmacol.1961,7,88-95)报道的比色法在37℃评估AChE抑制活性。测试溶液由以下各项组成:0.1M磷酸缓冲液pH8.0,1mM5,5-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB,Ellman’s试剂),0.02mg/mL的AChE,和1mM乙酰硫代胆碱作为酶促反应的底物。将检测的化合物加入测定溶液中并与酶在37℃下预孵育5分钟。该时间后,加入底物。用多功能酶标仪记录在412nm的吸光度变化2分钟,比较反应速率,计算由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。用至少三次的独立测量值计算反应速率,计算相对不含化合物的对照,由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。测定产生50%的AChE抑制的化合物浓度(IC50)。结果在表1中显示。
试验例二:丁酰胆碱脂酶(BChE)抑制实验
选择实施例一~九制备的化合物,采用Ellman报道的比色法在37℃评估AChE抑制活性。测试溶液由以下各项组成:0.1M磷酸缓冲液pH8.0,1mM5,5-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB,Ellman’s试剂),0.10mg/mL的BChE,和1mM丁酰硫代胆碱作为酶促反应的底物。将检测的化合物加入测定溶液中并与酶在37℃下预孵育5分钟。该时间后,加入底物。用多功能酶标仪记录在412nm的吸光度变化2分钟,比较反应速率,计算由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。用至少三次的独立测量值计算反应速率,将IC50定义为相对于没有抑制剂下将酶活性降低50%的每种化合物的浓度。结果在表1中显示。
试验例三:抑制Aβ自聚集作用实验
将1mgAβ42蛋白溶解于1mL体积分数为1%的NH4OH水溶液中,PBS(pH=8.0)稀释为100μM。取5μL100μM的Aβ42蛋白与5μL20μM的化合物于37℃中共同孵育72h。空白对照为5μL100μM的Aβ42蛋白与5μL的无菌水;阳性对照为5μL100μM的Aβ42蛋白与15μL20μM的姜黄素。72h后,使用硫磺素T(thioflavinT)荧光检测方法定量测定淀粉样蛋白纤维形成。因此,在孵育之后,样品用浓度为5μM的硫磺素T的甘氨酸-NaOH缓冲液(甘氨酸浓度为50mM,用NaOH调pH值为8.50)稀释到2mL。采用300秒的荧光强度扫描(激发波长为450nm,吸收波长为482nm),在减去背景硫磺素T荧光后算每组平均值。结果见表1。
表1、各实施化合物AChE、BChE、Aβ聚集活性结果表
由上表可以看出,实施例一~九具有优于或至少与他克林相当的胆碱酯酶抑制作用,而且实施例一~九具有高于他克林的抑制Aβ聚集活性。
试验例四:体外肝毒性测试
取肝癌细胞株HepG2和正常肝细胞株QSG-7701。以含10%(体积比)胎牛血清的RPMI-1640完全培养基在37℃、湿度饱和,含体积分数为5%CO2的二氧化碳培养箱中培养,2天传代一次。取对数生长期细胞,以每孔6000个细胞铺板入96孔板,每孔90μL。培养24小时后,每孔加入10μL不同浓度的待测样品。使样品终浓度依次为:1、10、50μM,对照组及空白用生理盐水代替,继续培养48小时。在对照组和样品组中加入浓度为1mg/mL的MTT,50μL/孔,继续培养4小时。甩去上清,每孔加入100μL二甲基亚砜,振荡20分钟,用全波长酶标仪在570nm下测定各孔的吸光度。计算细胞抑制率:细胞抑制率=(对照组吸光值-实验组吸光值/对照组吸光值-空白组吸光值)×100%,每组实验重复3次。结果表明,实施例一~九在50μM浓度下未发现对肝癌细胞株HepG2和正常肝细胞株QSG-7701有明显的细胞毒性,而他克林处理后细胞生长受到抑制,抑制率为56%。
试验例五:体内肝毒性测试
取成年SD大鼠,按照25℃,12小时的黑白夜,合适的湿度饲养。他克林盐酸水合物(购于Sigma公司)溶解在pH为7.4的PBS中,按照1.5mg/100g腹膜内给药。待测化合物(实施例三)溶解在生理盐水中,按照与他克林等摩尔量腹腔给药。在给药后12,24,36小时后从眼后静脉丛收集肝素化血清,用常规方法检测AST,LDH和白蛋白浓度。在给药后24和36小时分别处死他克林组和待测化合物组大鼠,取出肝脏根据Biuret检测组织蛋白浓度,与未给药的空白组比较。结果发现他克林组体内肝毒性各指标与空白组对照变化明显,而待测化合物组数据与空白组相近,表明化合物的肝毒性较他克林低。其中血清中门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平结果见表2。
表2、实施化合物对转氨酶影响结果表
经X2分析,待测化合物组和他克林组P≤0.05,有显著差异。
尽管以上的描述具有许多特性,但其只是本发明的一些优选的实施方案,并非用于限制本发明的范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种他克林-联苯双酯杂合物,其特征在于:所述杂合物具有下述式(I)或式(II)的通式结构:
其中,R1=H或Cl,R2=H或Cl;Y=CH2,NCH3,NH,羰基,乙二酰基,1,3-丙二酰基,对环己烷基,或OCH2CH2O;m=0~4,n=0~4;且m、n均为整数,式(II)的-CH2-NH-的碳端在苯环的3-位或4-位。
2.权利要求1所述的他克林-联苯双酯杂合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将溶解在正戊醇中,加入催化剂碘化钾和,加热回流至原料反应完全,经后处理得到;
(2)将溶解在无水甲醇中,加入3-羟基苯甲醛或4-羟基苯甲醛,反应完全后,蒸干溶剂,加入无水甲醇和硼氢化钠,搅拌至反应完全,蒸干溶剂,加水,乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥,浓缩纯化得到中间体
;
(3)将,三乙胺,中间体或溶解到氯仿中,搅拌至反应完全,蒸干溶剂,乙酸乙酯稀释,水洗,干燥,浓缩纯化后得到最终产物。
3.权利要求1所述杂合物在制备预防、治疗乙酰胆碱酯酶介导的神经退行性疾病药物中的应用。
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CN110551067A (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-10 | 山东大学 | 多靶点型他克林衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN105646463B (zh) * | 2016-01-15 | 2018-05-11 | 河南大学 | 他克林-二甲胺基黄酮杂合物、制备方法及其应用 |
CN110551067A (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-10 | 山东大学 | 多靶点型他克林衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN110551067B (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-09-08 | 山东大学 | 多靶点型他克林衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
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