CN105117840A - Risk assessment method of power system considering role of information system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险评估方法,包括:建立考虑信息系统作用的电力设备故障概率修正模型,从而计算考虑信息系统作用的电力设备的故障概率;计算考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险指标,包括潮流过载风险和电压越限风险,步骤三、从多种不同拓扑结构的信息系统规划方案中选择风险最小的作为优选的规划方案之一。由于智能电网将是电力空间和信息空间高度融合的电力信息物理系统,随着电力通讯网的开放、兼容和互联,必然会对电力系统的运行带来风险,本发明评估方法在进行电网规划时考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险,从而力争将规划方案的风险降到最低。
The invention discloses a power system risk assessment method considering the function of an information system. The risk indicators of the power system include the risk of power flow overload and the risk of voltage exceeding the limit. Step 3: choose the least risky planning scheme from a variety of information system planning schemes with different topological structures as one of the optimal planning schemes. Since the smart grid will be a power cyber-physical system with a high degree of integration of power space and information space, with the opening, compatibility and interconnection of the power communication network, it will inevitably bring risks to the operation of the power system. The evaluation method of the present invention considers The power system risk of the role of the information system, so as to strive to minimize the risk of the planning scheme.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电网规划领域的创新技术,尤其是涉及一种考虑信息系统作用的风险评估方法。The invention belongs to the innovative technology in the field of grid planning, and in particular relates to a risk assessment method considering the function of an information system.
背景技术Background technique
智能电网最本质的特点是:电力和信息的双向流动性,并由此建立起一个高度自动化和广泛分布的能量交换网络;把分布式计算和通信的优势引入电网,实现信息实时交换和达到设备层次上近乎瞬时的供需平衡。这意味着未来的电网将由集成的电力网和通讯网组成,它的诸多功能和应用依托于信息通讯技术(InformationandCommunicationTechnologies,ICT),而且为了涵盖外部系统(智能交通等),ICT的应用领域必将扩大,因此,智能电网将是电力空间和信息空间高度融合的电力信息物理系统(ElectricCyber-PhysicalSystem,ECPS)。随着电力通讯网的开放、兼容和互联,必然会对电力系统的运行带来风险,因此有必要在进行电网规划时考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险,从而优选风险最低的规划方案。The most essential feature of the smart grid is: the two-way mobility of power and information, and thus establish a highly automated and widely distributed energy exchange network; introduce the advantages of distributed computing and communication into the grid, realize real-time information exchange and reach equipment A near-instantaneous balance of supply and demand at levels. This means that the future power grid will be composed of an integrated power grid and communication network. Many of its functions and applications rely on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), and in order to cover external systems (intelligent transportation, etc.), the application field of ICT will definitely expand. Therefore, the smart grid will be an electric cyber-physical system (Electric Cyber-Physical System, ECPS) with a high degree of integration of power space and information space. With the opening, compatibility and interconnection of the power communication network, it will inevitably bring risks to the operation of the power system. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the power system risk of the role of the information system in the planning of the power grid, so as to optimize the planning scheme with the lowest risk.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提出了一种考虑信息系统作用的电力设备风险评估方法,以便电网规划人员优选最佳规划方案。The invention proposes a risk assessment method for electric equipment considering the function of the information system, so that grid planners can optimize the best planning scheme.
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提出的一种考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险评估方法,其中,电力系统中的电力设备包括线路和变压器两端断路器;该风险评估方法包括以下步骤:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a power system risk assessment method that considers the role of the information system, wherein the power equipment in the power system includes circuit breakers at both ends of the line and transformer; the risk assessment method includes the following steps:
步骤一、建立考虑信息系统作用的电力设备故障概率修正模型,其中,不考虑信息系统作用的电力设备g的故障概率为pg,考虑信息系统作用的电力设备g的故障概率为pg′,Step 1. Establish a correction model of the failure probability of electric equipment considering the function of information system, wherein, the failure probability of power equipment g without considering the function of information system is p g , and the failure probability of power equipment g considering the function of information system is p g ′,
pg=1-u1·u2(1)p g =1-u 1 ·u 2 (1)
式(1)中,u1和u2分别是不考虑信息系统作用的电力设备g两端断路器的可用率;In formula (1), u 1 and u 2 are respectively the availability ratios of the circuit breakers at both ends of the power equipment g without considering the function of the information system;
pg′=1-u1′·u2′(2)p g ′=1-u 1 ′·u 2 ′(2)
式(2)中,pg′为电力设备g的故障概率,u1’和u2’分别是考虑信息系统作用的电力设备g两端断路器的可用率;In formula (2), p g ′ is the failure probability of power equipment g, u 1 ′ and u 2 ′ are the availability rates of circuit breakers at both ends of power equipment g considering the effect of information system;
u1′=u10·u1(3)u 1 ′=u 10 ·u 1 (3)
u2′=u20·u2(4)u 2 ′=u 20 ·u 2 (4)
式(3)和式(4)中,u10和u20分别是电力设备g两端断路器对应的信息侧的可用率,将式(1)、式(3)和式(4)带入式(2)得:In formula (3) and formula (4), u 10 and u 20 are respectively the availability rate of the information side corresponding to the circuit breaker at both ends of the power equipment g, and formula (1), formula (3) and formula (4) are brought into Formula (2) gets:
pg′=1-u1′·u2′p g ′=1-u 1 ′·u 2 ′
=1-(u10·u1)·(u20·u2)(5)=1-(u 10 ·u 1 )·(u 20 ·u 2 )(5)
=1-u10·u20·(u1·u2)=1-u 10 ·u 20 ·(u 1 ·u 2 )
=1-u10·u20·(1-pg)=1-u 10 ·u 20 ·(1-p g )
步骤二、计算考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险指标,所述电力系统风险指标包括潮流过载风险和电压越限风险,Step 2. Calculate the power system risk index considering the role of the information system. The power system risk index includes the risk of power flow overload and the risk of voltage exceeding the limit.
当电力设备g发生事故时,第i条线路的潮流过载后果IS,gi和第j个节点的电压越限后果IV,gj分别为:When an accident occurs to power equipment g, the power flow overload consequence I S,gi of the i-th line and the voltage over-limit consequence I V,gj of the j-th node are respectively:
式(6)中,Sgi是第i条线路的视在功率,SiN第i条线路的额定功率,In formula (6), S gi is the apparent power of the i-th line, S iN is the rated power of the i-th line,
式(7)中,Ugj(p.u.)是第j个节点的电压幅值,Uinf,j和Usup,j分别是第j个节点允许的电压上、下限;In formula (7), U gj (pu) is the voltage amplitude of the jth node, U inf,j and U sup,j are the upper and lower limits of the allowed voltage of the jth node, respectively;
第i条线路的潮流过载风险RS,gi和第j个节点的电压越限风险RV,gj分别如下:The power flow overload risk R S,gi of the i-th line and the voltage limit risk R V,gj of the j-th node are as follows:
RS,gi=Pg′·IS,gi(8)R S,gi =P g ′ · I S,gi (8)
RV,gj=Pg′·IV,gj(9)R V,gj =P g ′·I V,gj (9)
步骤三、从多种不同拓扑结构的信息系统规划方案中选择风险最小的作为优选的规划方案之一,信息系统的拓扑结构包括星型拓扑结构、总线型拓扑结构和环型拓扑结构。Step 3. Select the one with the least risk as one of the preferred planning schemes from a variety of information system planning schemes with different topological structures. The topological structures of the information system include star topology, bus topology and ring topology.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
由于智能电网将是电力空间和信息空间高度融合的电力信息物理系统,随着电力通讯网的开放、兼容和互联,必然会对电力系统的运行带来风险,本发明评估方法在进行电网规划时考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险,从而力争将规划方案的风险降到最低。Since the smart grid will be a power cyber-physical system with a high degree of integration of power space and information space, with the opening, compatibility and interconnection of the power communication network, it will inevitably bring risks to the operation of the power system. The evaluation method of the present invention considers The power system risk of the role of the information system, so as to strive to minimize the risk of the planning scheme.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是实施例IEEE-118节点系统分区示意图;Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment IEEE-118 node system partition;
图2是实施例中星型拓扑结构信息系统示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a star topology information system in an embodiment;
图3是实施例中环型拓扑结构信息系统示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ring topology information system in an embodiment;
图4是实施例中总线型拓扑结构信息系统示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the bus topology information system in the embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步详细描述,所描述的具体实施例仅对本发明进行解释说明,并不用以限制本发明。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the described specific embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
结合附图、附表,以IEEE-118节点系统为例,对本发明一种考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险评估方法进行说明:In combination with the accompanying drawings and attached tables, taking the IEEE-118 node system as an example, a power system risk assessment method considering the role of the information system in the present invention is described:
第一步、建立考虑信息系统作用的电力设备故障概率修正模型,由于电力设备两端断路器的故障会导致电力设备退出运行,因此本发明中的电力设备主要考虑线路和变压器两端断路器;考虑信息系统作用的电力设备故障概率修正模型提供的电力设备g的故障概率pg′计算公式为:The first step is to establish a power equipment failure probability correction model considering the role of the information system. Since the failure of the circuit breakers at both ends of the power equipment will cause the power equipment to quit running, the power equipment in the present invention mainly considers the circuit breakers at both ends of the line and the transformer; The calculation formula of the failure probability p g ′ of power equipment g provided by the power equipment failure probability correction model considering the role of information system is:
pg′=1-u1′·u2′p g ′=1-u 1 ′·u 2 ′
其中,u1’和u2’分别是考虑信息系统作用的电力设备g两端断路器的可用率;相应地,不考虑信息系统作用的电力设备g的故障概率pg计算公式为:Among them, u 1 ' and u 2 ' are respectively the availability rate of circuit breakers at both ends of the power equipment g considering the function of the information system; correspondingly, the calculation formula of the failure probability p g of the power device g not considering the function of the information system is:
pg=1-u1·u2 p g =1-u 1 ·u 2
其中,u1和u2分别是不考虑信息系统作用的电力设备g两端断路器的可用率;Among them, u 1 and u 2 are respectively the availability rate of the circuit breakers at both ends of the power equipment g without considering the function of the information system;
u1′=u10·u1 u 1 ′=u 10 ·u 1
u2′=u20·u2 u 2 ′=u 20 ·u 2
其中,u10和u20分别是电力设备g两端断路器对应的信息侧的可用率;Among them, u 10 and u 20 are the availability rates of the information side corresponding to the circuit breakers at both ends of the power equipment g;
故有:Therefore:
pg′=1-u1′·u2′p g ′=1-u 1 ′·u 2 ′
=1-(u10·u1)·(u20·u2)=1-(u 10 ·u 1 )·(u 20 ·u 2 )
=1-u10·u20·(u1·u2)=1-u 10 ·u 20 ·(u 1 ·u 2 )
=1-u10·u20·(1-pg)=1-u 10 ·u 20 ·(1-p g )
第二步、计算考虑信息系统作用的电力系统风险指标,本发明中采用的电力系统风险指标包括潮流过载风险和电压越限风险,其计算方法如下:The second step is to calculate the power system risk index considering the role of the information system. The power system risk index adopted in the present invention includes the risk of power flow overload and the risk of voltage exceeding the limit. The calculation method is as follows:
当电力设备g发生事故时,第i条线路的潮流过载后果IS,gi和第j个节点的电压越限后果IV,gj分别为:When an accident occurs to power equipment g, the power flow overload consequence I S,gi of the i-th line and the voltage over-limit consequence I V,gj of the j-th node are respectively:
其中,Sgi是第i条线路的视在功率,SiN第i条线路的额定功率,Ugj(p.u.)是第j个节点的电压幅值,Uinf,j和Usup,j分别是第j个节点允许的电压上、下限;Among them, S gi is the apparent power of the i-th line, S iN is the rated power of the i-th line, U gj (pu) is the voltage amplitude of the j-th node, U inf,j and U sup,j are respectively The upper and lower limits of the allowed voltage of the jth node;
第i条线路的潮流过载风险RS,gi和第j个节点的电压越限风险RV,gj分别如下:The power flow overload risk R S,gi of the i-th line and the voltage limit risk R V,gj of the j-th node are as follows:
RS,gi=pg′·IS,gi R S,gi =p g ′ · I S,gi
RV,gj=pg′·IV,gj R V,gj =p g ′·I V,gj
步骤三、从多种不同拓扑结构的信息系统规划方案中选择风险最小的作为优选的规划方案之一,信息系统的拓扑结构包括星型拓扑结构、总线型拓扑结构和环型拓扑结构。Step 3. Select the one with the least risk as one of the preferred planning schemes from a variety of information system planning schemes with different topological structures. The topological structures of the information system include star topology, bus topology and ring topology.
以图1所示的分区结果(包括1、2、3、4、5、6和7)划分信息系统区域控制单元,图2、图3、图4分别是星型拓扑结构信息系统、环型拓扑结构信息系统和总线型拓扑结构信息系统,信息系统元件可靠性参数如表1所示,不同信息系统拓扑结构的风险如表2所示。Divide the regional control units of the information system with the partition results shown in Figure 1 (including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). For topology information system and bus topology information system, the reliability parameters of information system components are shown in Table 1, and the risks of different information system topologies are shown in Table 2.
表1信息系统元件可靠性参数Table 1 Reliability parameters of information system components
表2不同信息系统拓扑结构的风险Table 2 Risks of different information system topologies
可见,在考虑信息系统作用后,系统的风险比未考虑信息侧影响时大,且各拓扑结构的信息系统所存在的风险排序为:总线型>星型>环型,因此在经济条件允许的情况下,应优先考虑环型结构。It can be seen that after considering the role of the information system, the risk of the system is greater than when the influence of the information side is not considered, and the risk ranking of the information system of each topology is: bus type > star type > ring type, so when economic conditions permit In this case, the ring structure should be given priority.
尽管上面结合附图对本发明进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨的情况下,还可以做出很多变形,这些均属于本发明的保护之内。Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and the above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative, rather than restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the present invention, many modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection of the present invention.
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