CN105115606B - A kind of twin-stage reading circuit based on relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal pyroelectric detector - Google Patents
A kind of twin-stage reading circuit based on relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal pyroelectric detector Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of twin-stage reading circuit based on relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal pyroelectric detector, including first order CTIA (capacitive feedback transimpedance) input stage circuit, switching capacity low-pass filter, two level CTIA amplifying circuits, sampling output circuit；Wherein first order CTIA input stage circuits convert the output current signal of relaxor ferroelectric detector to voltage signal, switching capacity low-pass filter inhibits outside noise, signal is amplified by two level CTIA circuits, and sampling output circuit carries out signal sampling, and output is gradually connected in each channel.The circuit module of the present invention is integrated in an ic core on piece, it is interconnected with detector chip, control signal is provided by external drive circuit, and control low-pass filter bandwidth by adjusting external clock frequency, signal is further amplified in two level CTIA circuits, output signal-noise ratio is improved, for the sensitive first pyroelectricity focal plane of extensive polynary small area, provides that a kind of output is linear, integrated small-signal reading circuit of high s/n ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of readings of the twin-stage of detector reading circuit more particularly to relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal pyroelectric detector
Go out circuit.
Background technology
Relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal class material be it is a kind of have the excellent novel pyroelectricity material of pyroelectricity comprehensive performance, have very
High pyroelectric coefficient, relatively low thermal diffusion coefficient, more stable chemical property, easily improve lateral resolution, easy processing
It is thinned, the thickness of crystal element can be reduced, detectivity and resolution ratio can be improved.However since ferroelectric material infrared device is visited
The area that signal magnitude depends on sensitive member is surveyed, as focal plane detection device resolution ratio improves, face element is smaller and smaller, pyroelectricity
Electric current is more and more weaker, just becomes the key point for limiting the application of such device to its detection technique.
Major function of the reading circuit in pyroelectric detector is to provide suitable bias to detector, and detector is produced
Raw photo-signal is converted into voltage signal, and carries out the pretreatment of signal (such as integral, amplification, filtering, sampling/holding
Deng), finally the signal that thousands of are generated by detector is sequentially exported.
Existing pyroelectric detector reading circuit generally uses SFD source follower type structures and single-stage CTIA capacitive feedbacks mutual
Guide structure.The detector bias of SFD source follower type structures is determined that bias can become with the time of integration and integration current by reset level
Change, so as to cause detector offset change, and under middle and high background, there is the non-linear serious problem of output signal.Single-stage
CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedances structure realizes the amplification of small signal within the limited time of integration, mainly real by reducing integrating capacitor
It is existing, but too small integrating capacitor brings larger KTC noise, and signal is made to be flooded by noise, it is difficult to carry out signal processing.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to be the sensitive first pyroelectricity focal plane of extensive polynary small area, one is provided
The integrated small-signal reading circuit for the features such as kind of low noise, output is linear, high-gain.
Invention content
The main object of the present invention is a kind of relaxation of deficiency offer for existing pyroelectric detector reading circuit structure
The reading circuit of ferroelectric monocrystal pyroelectric detector realizes faint pyroelectricity signal in the sensitive member of relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal small area
Amplification output, while having the characteristics that high s/n ratio, output are linear.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical solutions：
It include the first order CTIA electricity for converting the output current signal of relaxor ferroelectric pyroelectric detector to voltage signal
Hold feedback transimpedance input stage module；Inhibit the switching capacity low pass filter blocks of outside noise；Second level CTIA capacitive feedbacks
Mutual conductance amplification circuit module；Carry out signal sampling and multi channel selecting and the sampling output circuit module of output.
Above-mentioned module is integrated in an ic core on piece.
The first order CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance input stage circuit modules are by operational amplifier OPA1 and integrating capacitor
Cint1, switch reset transistor Mrst1And composition, integrating capacitor Cint1, switch reset transistor Mrst1It is negative with operational amplifier OPA1 respectively
Input terminal is connected with output end, and operational amplifier OPA1 negative input ends connect detector, and positive input terminal connects reference voltage Vref,
According to the virtual earth principle of amplifier, detector connection operational amplifier OPA1 negative input end voltages are approximately equal to Vref, then detector
Bias by VrefIt controls with the voltage of the detector other end, hardly changes in the course of work.
The switching capacity low pass filter blocks are by metal-oxide-semiconductor M1、M2, capacitance C1And C2Composition, metal-oxide-semiconductor M1、M2And capacitance
C1Constitute an equivalent resistance, the value and M of equivalent resistance1、M2Control clock frequency and capacitance C1Size is related, with C2It constitutes
One RC low-pass filter, the bandwidth of low-pass filter can be changed by adjusting the frequency of external clock at work.
The second level CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedances amplification circuit module is by operational amplifier OPA2, capacitance Cint2、Ca, open
Close reset transistor Mrst2Composition, capacitance CaIt is connect with the negative input end of operational amplifier OPA2, capacitance Cint2, switch reset transistor Mrst2
It is connect respectively with the negative input end of operational amplifier OPA2 and output end, switch reset transistor Mrst2It is responsible for the reset of integrating capacitor,
When reset switch disconnects, by capacitance Cint2、CaA capacitance ratio inverting amplifier is formed with amplifier, signal is amplified
Output.
The sampling output circuit module includes sampling hold circuit and multi-channel transmission channel module, and sample circuit is by sampling
Capacitance CshIt is formed with cmos switch pipe, multiplexing output circuit module includes gating cmos switch pipe, shift register, unit
Gain follower OPA3, shift register gate each channel successively, and signal is gradually output, and achievees the purpose that read output signal.
The shift register is followed in series to form by d type flip flop, is inputted by the ends input signal D, the ends Q are output to next
Grade realizes the purpose that switch is gradually connected.
The output current signal of relaxor ferroelectric detector is passed through first order CTIA input stage circuit module converters by the present invention
For voltage signal, switching capacity low-pass filter can effectively inhibit outside noise, and will be believed by two level CTIA amplifying circuits
It number is amplified output, sampling output circuit carries out signal sampling, output signal is gradually connected in each channel.The electricity of the present invention
Road module is integrated in an ic core on piece and detector chip interconnection, provides control signal by external drive circuit, and lead to
External clock frequency control switching capacity low-pass filter bandwidth is overregulated, outside noise is inhibited, two level CTIA amplifications
Signal is further amplified in circuit, improves output signal-noise ratio, is the sensitive first pyroelectricity focal plane of extensive polynary small area,
Providing a kind of having the characteristics that low noise, output be linear, integrated small-signal reading circuit of high-gain.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with existing pyroelectric detector reading circuit：
1, switching capacity low-pass filter is added between first order CTIA input stage circuits and two level CTIA amplifying circuits,
External noise is inhibited, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of circuit, while changing low-pass filter by adjusting external clock frequency
Bandwidth, work in different frequency convenient for circuit.
2, CTIA amplifying circuits in the second level at work, constitute capacitance ratio inverting amplifier, to input signal into one
Step amplification, compared to common resistance ratio inverting amplifier, the area that capacitance occupies in layout design is smaller, convenient for big
It is designed in the integrated circuit of scale.
3, detector current is in the feedback capacity upper integral of first order CTIA input stage circuits, and gain size is by integral electricity
Hold and determine, it can provide very low detector input impedance.From very as low as in very high background range, all have low-down
Noise.
4, use unity gain buffer as the output stage of reading circuit in output-stage circuit, compared to source follower, tool
There is best output linear.
Description of the drawings
In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing,
The present invention is described in further detail, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of module of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of first order CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance input stage circuit units.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of switching capacity low pass filter unit module.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of second level CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance amplification circuit modules.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram for sampling output circuit module.
Fig. 6 reading circuits control the oscillogram of signal.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Circuit module of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, mainly by first order CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance input stage circuits module, open
Powered-down let low-pass filter module, sampling output circuit module composition, above-mentioned module are integrated in an ic core on piece.First
Grade CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance input stage circuit modules convert the output current signal of relaxor ferroelectric detector to voltage signal,
And switching capacity low pass filter blocks are sent to, noise reduction process is carried out, second level CTIA amplifying circuits further put signal
Greatly, after sampled output circuit module samples are kept, output is gradually connected into each channel.
The circuit structure of first order CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance input stage circuit modules is as shown in Fig. 2, by operational amplifier
OPA1 and integrating capacitor Cint1, switch reset transistor Mrst1Composition, integrating capacitor Cint1, switch reset transistor Mrst1It is put respectively with operation
The negative input end of big device is connected with output end, switch reset transistor Mrst1It is responsible for the reset of integrating capacitor.
Switching capacity low pass filter blocks in the present invention are as shown in figure 3, by metal-oxide-semiconductor M1And M2, capacitance C1And C2Group
At metal-oxide-semiconductor M1、M2With capacitance C1An equivalent resistance is constituted, the value of equivalent resistance is：
The value of equivalent resistance and and M1、M2Clocking frequency and capacitance C1Size is related.This circuit and C2Constitute one
The time constant RC of RC low-pass filters, circuit can be written as：
Time constant is related with the ratio of clock frequency and capacitance, and the frequency that external clock is adjusted when circuit works can be with
Change the bandwidth of low-pass filter.
Second level CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedances amplification circuit module in the present invention is as shown in figure 4, by operational amplifier, electricity
Hold Cint2、Ca, switch reset transistor Mrst2Composition, capacitance Cint2It is connect with the negative input end of operational amplifier, switch reset transistor Mrst2
It is connect respectively with the negative input end of operational amplifier and output end, switch reset transistor Mrst2It is responsible for the reset of integrating capacitor, when multiple
When bit switch disconnects, by capacitance Ca、Cint2A capacitance ratio inverting amplifier is formed with amplifier, output is amplified to signal.
Sampling output circuit module in the present invention is as shown in figure 5, wherein sample circuit is by sampling capacitance CshIt is opened with CMOS
Pipe composition is closed, multiplexing output circuit module includes gating cmos switch pipe, shift register, unity gain follower
OPA3, shift register gate each channel successively, and signal is gradually output, and achievees the purpose that read output signal.
The waveform that reading circuit controls signal is Fig. 6.VrstIt controls integrating capacitor switch to reset, in VrstFor high level when,
Integrating capacitor is reset to datum Vref.Work as VrstFor low level when, circuit start to work.Therefore VrstThe low level of pulse
Substantially time of integration time.Clock pulses is controlled for switch capacitor filter.VshPulse is kept for sampling, is put in integral
It is sampled at the end of big.ST pulses appear in after integral terminates, and are a high level signals.Clk1 and clk2 is that displacement is posted
The control pulse of storage, the gate signal width generated is identical with the clock cycle, i.e., reads one within a clock cycle
The voltage in channel.Therefore, clock frequency is read frequency.Rising of the shift register in effective first clk1 of ST signals
Along first gating signal is generated, to start to read the voltage in first channel.Therefore, ST pulses must and can only include one
The rising edge of a clk1.
The course of work of module of the present invention is as follows：
Reset switch pipe Mrst1And Mrst2By VrstSignal control first turns on, integrating capacitor Cint1And Cint2It is reset to ginseng
Level is examined, as reset switch pipe Mrst1And Mrst2Enter integration phase, the first order CTIA input stage circuit integrating capacitors when cut-off
Cint1Start to integrate.The charge exported from detector flows into integrating capacitor Cint1, it is defeated after operational amplifier changes into voltage amplification
Go out, output signal carries out noise suppressed through switching capacity low-pass filter, the reverse phase proportional amplifier constituted into two level CTIA
It is amplified, V at the end of integralshThe sampling switch of control is connected, and output signal is by by the sampling hold circuit in each channel
It samples, after integral, shift register generates gating signal in the case where starting reading out the control of pulse ST signals, starts gradually to read
The signal in each channel realizes the signal output of reading circuit.
Advantageous effect
The pyroelectric detector reading circuit constitutes two-stage CTIA circuits in structure, and first order CTIA input stage circuits will
The output current signal of relaxor ferroelectric detector is converted into voltage signal, can be at work using the virtual earth principle of amplifier
Stable bias is provided for detector；Second level CTIA amplifying circuits at work, constitute capacitance ratio inverting amplifier, right
Input signal is further amplified, compared to common resistance ratio inverting amplifier, the area that capacitance occupies in layout design
It is smaller, convenient for being designed in large-scale integrated circuit；In first order CTIA input stage circuits and two level CTIA amplification electricity
Switching capacity low-pass filter is added between road, external noise can be inhibited, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of circuit, leads to simultaneously
The bandwidth that external clock frequency changes low-pass filter is overregulated, different frequency is worked in convenient for circuit；Make in output-stage circuit
It uses unity gain buffer as the output stage of reading circuit, compared to source follower, has preferably output linear.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of single-chip relaxor ferroelectric pyroelectric detector twin-stage reading circuit, it is characterised in that including releasing relaxor ferroelectric heat
The output current signal of electric explorer is converted into the first order CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance input stage modules of voltage signal；Inhibit outer
The switching capacity low pass filter blocks of boundary's noise；Second level CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedance amplification circuit modules；Signal is carried out to adopt
Sample and multi channel selecting and the sampling output circuit module of output；Wherein：
The first order CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedances input stage circuit is by operational amplifier OPA1 and integrating capacitor Cint1, switch it is multiple
Position pipe Mrst1And composition, integrating capacitor Cint1, switch reset transistor Mrst1Respectively with the negative input end of operational amplifier OPA1 and output
End connection, operational amplifier OPA1 negative input ends connect detector, and positive input terminal connects reference voltage Vref, according to amplifier
Virtual earth principle, detector connection operational amplifier OPA1 negative input end voltages are approximately equal to Vref, then the bias of detector is by Vref
It controls with the voltage of the detector other end, hardly changes in the course of work；
The switching capacity low-pass filter is by metal-oxide-semiconductor M1、M2, capacitance C1And C2Composition, metal-oxide-semiconductor M1、M2With capacitance C1Constitute one
Equivalent resistance, with capacitance C2Constitute a RC low-pass filter；
The second level CTIA capacitive feedback transimpedances amplifying circuit is by operational amplifier OPA2, capacitance Cint2、Ca, switch reset transistor
Mrst2Composition, capacitance CaIt is connect with the negative input end of operational amplifier OPA2, capacitance Cint2, switch reset transistor Mrst2Respectively with fortune
The negative input end for calculating amplifier OPA2 is connected with output end, switch reset transistor Mrst2It is responsible for the reset of integrating capacitor, when reset is opened
When shutdown is opened, by capacitance Cint2、CaA capacitance ratio inverting amplifier is formed with amplifier, output is amplified to signal；
The sampling output circuit includes sampling hold circuit and multi-channel transmission channel, and sample circuit is by sampling capacitance CshAnd CMOS
Switching tube forms, and multi-channel transmission channel includes gating cmos switch pipe, shift register, unity gain follower OPA3, displacement
Register gates each channel successively, and signal is gradually output, and achievees the purpose that read output signal；
The specific work process of above-mentioned reading circuit is as follows：
Reset switch pipe Mrst1And Mrst2By VrstSignal control first turns on, integrating capacitor Cint1And Cint2It is reset to reference to electricity
It is flat, as reset switch pipe Mrst1And Mrst2Enter integration phase, the first order CTIA input stage circuit integrating capacitors C when cut-offint1It opens
Begin integral；The charge exported from detector flows into integrating capacitor Cint1, export, export after operational amplifier changes into voltage amplification
Signal carries out noise suppressed through switching capacity low-pass filter, and the reverse phase proportional amplifier constituted into two level CTIA is put
Greatly, V at the end of integralshThe sampling switch of control is connected, and output signal is by by the sampling hold circuit sampling in each channel, product
After point, shift register generates gating signal in the case where starting reading out the control of pulse ST signals, starts gradually to read each logical
The signal in road realizes the signal output of reading circuit.
2. a kind of single-chip relaxor ferroelectric pyroelectric detector twin-stage reading circuit according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The switching capacity low-pass filter is connected between first order CTIA input stage circuits and second level CTIA amplifying circuits, by
The clock signal control of two reverse phases, low-pass filter bandwidth can be changed by adjusting clock signal frequency.
3. a kind of single-chip relaxor ferroelectric pyroelectric detector twin-stage reading circuit according to claim 1, feature exist
In：Above-mentioned reading circuit is integrated in an ic core on piece.
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| CN111324161A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 华润矽威科技（上海）有限公司 | Integrating circuit and integrating method thereof |
| CN109687838A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 深圳贝特莱电子科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high speed response type low-pass filter, filter circuit and control method |
| GB2580988B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2022-04-13 | Oxford Nanopore Tech Ltd | Current measurement apparatus, molecular entity sensing apparatus, method of measuring a current, method of sensing a molecular entity |
| CN111654263B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2023-05-16 | 成都华微电子科技股份有限公司 | Integrated circuit with low pass filter |
| CN114501264B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-03-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Capacitor-voltage converter based on related double amplification technology |
| CN113506836A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十四研究所 | Near-infrared response enhanced silicon avalanche detector module and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114679053B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-05-02 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Power supply system, control method thereof and electronic equipment |
| CN114721029B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-09-02 | 山东大学 | Gamma photon detector reading electronics system based on inorganic perovskite |
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| CN101776482A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2010-07-14 | 南通大学 | Digitization module of relaxation ferroelectric material infrared light transducer sense signal |
| CN101806630A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2010-08-18 | 南通大学 | Reading circuit based on relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal pyroelectric detector |
| CN103913240A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-09 | 电子科技大学 | Current type terahertz pyroelectricity detector reading circuit |
| CN104568169A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏物联网研究发展中心 | Infrared focal plane reading circuit with offset cancelling function |
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| CN101776482A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2010-07-14 | 南通大学 | Digitization module of relaxation ferroelectric material infrared light transducer sense signal |
| CN101806630A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2010-08-18 | 南通大学 | Reading circuit based on relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal pyroelectric detector |
| CN103913240A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-09 | 电子科技大学 | Current type terahertz pyroelectricity detector reading circuit |
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Effective date of registration: 20230821 Address after: 2201-1, Building B, Science and Education Hall, No. 18-3 Changwu Middle Road, Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 213000 Patentee after: Changzhou Ruixinteng Microelectronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: Gehu Lake Road Wujin District 213164 Jiangsu city of Changzhou province No. 1 Patentee before: CHANGZHOU University |