CN104994051B - Based on instantaneously the signal transmitting with the linear-scale conversion of the raising mixed carrier system PA efficiency of average power ratio and method of reseptance - Google Patents
Based on instantaneously the signal transmitting with the linear-scale conversion of the raising mixed carrier system PA efficiency of average power ratio and method of reseptance Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
- H04L27/2673—Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
- H04L27/2676—Blind, i.e. without using known symbols
- H04L27/2678—Blind, i.e. without using known symbols using cyclostationarities, e.g. cyclic prefix or postfix
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
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Abstract
Based on instantaneously the signal transmitting with the linear-scale conversion of the raising mixed carrier system PA efficiency of average power ratio and method of reseptance, it is related to the communications field, the present invention is to solve the problems, such as that the power efficiency of power amplifier is low.The main points of the present invention：1st, in the mixed carrier wireless communication system based on 4 WFRFT, the probability of non-linear distortion occurs come control input PA signals by the linear-scale factor, to improve PA power efficiency.2nd, IAPR is obtained by IAPR CCDF0.3rd, signal and proposes the determination method of the linear-scale factor with linear-scale fac-tor before PA is inputted.The present invention is suitable for the mixed carrier wireless communication system based on 4 WFRFT, to improve transmitting terminal PA power efficiencies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, and in particular to a kind of linear chi for improving mixed carrier system power amplifier efficiency
Spend transform method.
Background technology
Power amplifier (Power Amplifier, PA) is the critical component in modern wireless communication systems, and its function is
A sufficiently large performance number is may amplify the signal to, then is sent through antenna, receiving terminal could obtain sufficiently large signal to noise ratio
To demodulate primary signal.PA performance indications focus primarily upon PA efficiency and non-linear distortion.If communication system uses
Single carrier constant enveloped modulation mode, PA non-linear distortion will be small.Because dashed forward caused by this carrier system and modulation system
It is small to send out peak value probability, can be using efficient PA come amplified signal, such as Class C amplifier.With number of users of mobile terminal amount
Be skyrocketed through, client has also increased all kinds of demands for services, such as videophone, multimedia service, these service to frequency spectrum
Efficiency proposes higher requirement.Therefore, modern wireless communication systems employ the higher mixed carrier/multicarrier of spectrum efficiency
The linear modulation mode of system and non-permanent envelope.This results in the peak power probability of occurrence much larger than transmission signal mean power
Increase, non-linear distortion probability of happening also increases therewith, and this linearity to power amplifier proposes very high requirement.
The method that tradition improves PA nonlinear distortion questions is to use the preferable Class A of the linearity or class AB power amplification
Device structure, and input PA signals is retracted enough power from saturation power point to prevent non-linear distortion.But in order to full
The requirement of the sufficient linearity, the PA range of linearity is very big, and this kind of PA expensive and back-off can cause power efficiency low.
Present invention seek to address that the problem of power amplifier efficiency is low.
Document 1：1996, disclosed in D.Wulich《Peak factor in orthogonal multicarrier
modulation with variable levels》；
Document 2：Disclosed in H.Ochiai in 2003《Performance analysis of peak power and
band-limited OFDM system with linear scaling》；
Document 3：Disclosed in R.Raich, Q.Hua and G.T.Zhou in 2005《Optimization of SNDR for
amplitude-limited nonlinearities》；
Document 4：Disclosed in R.J.Baxley and G.T.Zhou in 2007《A comparison of SNDR
maximization techniques for OFDM》；
Propose to handle using linear-scale (Linear Scaling) before signal enters PA.In document 1 and document 2
Method is the peak signal power in each data block to determine the linear-scale factor (Linear Scaling
Factor), so that non-linear distortion does not occur for the signal of PA outputs.This kind of method can be understood as according to each data block
Signal peak determines the linear-scale factor with average power ratio (Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, PAPR).The party
The problem of method, is, when the peak power difference of different pieces of information block, signal is possible to be exaggerated or minimized before PA is entered.This
Complexity of the receiving terminal to channel estimation can be improved, because the continuous signal experience statistical iteration in units of data block is linear
Dimensional variation can increase the channel estimation difficulty based on time domain interpolation.
According to Bussgang theorems, when input signal is Gaussian Profile, the signal of PA outputs is in the event of non-linear mistake
Very, can be expressed as two parts and：Relevant portion linear with input signal and non-linear distortion part, and two parts not phase
Close.Is modeled using the theorem in document [3,4], propose to make the linear of PA output peak signals and non-linear distortion noise power ratio
Scale factor.But the model to the mixed carrier system based on 4-WFRFT and does not apply to.Because mixed carrier signal (exponent number
Not equal to ± 1) not Gaussian distributed.
Document 5：Disclosed in Q.Liu, X.Ma, G.T.Zhou and J.Wu 2005 years《Peak-to-average power
ratio versus instantaneous-to-average power ratio for OFDM》；
Compared in document 5 system signal PAPR and instantaneously with average power ratio (Instantaneous-to-Average
Power Ratio, IAPR) two applications of the parameter in PA performances are improved.When not allowing to occur non-linear distortion, according to
PAPR parameters can accurately determine the linear-scale factor.When allow occur non-linear distortion, in order to obtain preferable signal with it is non-
During linear distortion power ratio, IAPR more has reference significance.
Document 6：Disclosed in Huawei Tech Co., Ltd in 2005《A kind of method for improving efficiency power amplifier》；
Document 6 discloses a kind of by the way that the working range of N link power amplifiers is divided into more than N number of operation interval
To improve the method for PA efficiency.Such as this method needs two link power amplifiers, the power amplifier saturation power of link 1 is less than
The power amplifier saturation power of link 2, substantially it is to be matched according to input signal different capacity peak value with different saturations
The PA of value, this method need multiple PA concurrent workings, improve device cost.
Document 7：Disclosed in Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd in 2003《Improve what is run under big peak-toaverage power ratio
The apparatus and method of the efficiency of power amplifier》；
Document 7 discloses a kind of method of raising PA power efficiencies, is specially：Detection input signal peak value is simultaneously dropped
It is low；Peak-reduced signal is amplified；Signal peak value difference is amplified and with before amplified signal sum.It can see
Go out this method by amplifying twice with once summing to improve PA power efficiency, this can increase device work complexity and computing
Time.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the problems, such as that the power efficiency of power amplifier is low, so as to propose a kind of be based on instantaneously with putting down
The signal transmitting of the linear-scale conversion of the raising mixed carrier system PA efficiency of equal power ratio and method of reseptance.
Launched based on the signal instantaneously with the linear-scale conversion of the raising mixed carrier system PA efficiency of average power ratio
And method of reseptance,
Its signal transmitting method is：
Step 1: discrete-time signal is mapped by digital baseband to obtain data X0(n), wherein X0(n) there is N number of son
Carrier wave；N is positive integer；
Step 2: the data X that step 1 is obtained0(n) α ranks WFRFT conversion is carried out, is obtained after N points 4-WFRFT is modulated
Discrete-time signal Y (n)；Cyclic prefix is inserted to the discrete-time signal Y (n) and carries out D/A conversion, after being converted
Data；α is real number；
Step 3: the mean power P of signal is obtained according to base band mapping mode and 4-WFRFT conversion exponent numberav；
Step 4: according to base band mapping mode, 4-WFRFT conversion exponent number, the signal non-linear distortion probability P set0,
Define to obtain corresponding probability P using the complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF instantaneously with average power ratio IAPR0IAPR threshold values
IAPR0；
Step 5: the P that will be obtained in step 3avWith the IAPR obtained in step 40And PA linear zone saturation threshold values
AsatPass through formula：
Obtain linear-scale factor-beta；
Step 6: data after the conversion obtained in step 2 are multiplied with the scale factor β obtained in step 5, phase is obtained
Multiply result；
Step 7: transmitting is extremely believed after front end of emission processing and power amplification by the multiplied result obtained in step 6
Road；
Its signal acceptance method is：
Step 8: receiving the signal of transmitting terminal transmitting from channel, carry out A/D conversion and go circulation prefix processing, at acquisition
Data after reason；
Step 9: the data after the processing that step 8 is obtained carry out N point-α ranks 4-WFRFT conversion, after being converted
Data；
Step 10: the result after the conversion that step 9 is obtained penetrates processing by base band reflection, the data after being recovered
And export.
In step 4, instantaneously the complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF with average power ratio IAPR is defined as：
CCDF(IAPR0)=P (IAPR >=IAPR0)
P is probability.
The present invention proposes the linear-scale transform method based on IAPR to improve PA power efficiency, and this method can be in work(
Seek to compromise in two indexs of rate efficiency and non-linear distortion, PA power effect is improved using acceptable non-linear distortion as cost
Rate, prove that this method uses peak to average power ratio (Peak-to-Average Power with conventional method by emulating
Ratio, PAPR) index be compared to can more effectively, more accurately determine the linear-scale factor to improve PA power efficiencies.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is signal transmitting and the record principle schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is 4-WFRFT signals IAPR and PAPR CCDF simulation curve contrast schematic diagrams as α=0.5；In figure：
Probability is probability；Wherein curve 21 represents IAPR；Curve 22 represents PAPR；
Embodiment
Embodiment one, with reference to Fig. 1 illustrate present embodiment, mixed based on the raising instantaneously with average power ratio
The linear-scale transform method of carrier system efficiency power amplifier is closed, specific implementation step is as follows：
Step 1：Discrete-time signal maps to obtain the data X with N number of subcarrier by digital baseband0(n)。
Step 2：Base band mapping signal passes through α rank WFRFT modules, obtains the discrete time after N points 4-WFRFT is modulated
Signal Y (n).And cyclic prefix, D/A processing etc. are inserted to it.
Step 3：The mean power P of signal is obtained according to base band mapping mode and 4-WFRFT conversion exponent numberav。
Step 4：According to base band mapping mode, 4-WFRFT conversion exponent number, the signal non-linear distortion probability P set0,
Defined using IAPR CCDF, as shown in formula (6), obtain corresponding probability P0IAPR threshold values IAPR0。
Step 5：By Step 3: the P obtained in fouravWith IAPR0And PA linear zone saturation threshold values AsatSubstitute into formula
(8) linear-scale factor-beta is obtained.
Step 6：The data obtained in step 2 are multiplied with the scale factor β obtained in step 5.
Step 7：The result obtained in step 6 is transmitted after necessary front-end processing and PA.
In receiving terminal, the data after front-end processing, respectively after necessary processing, as A/D is converted with going to follow
Ring prefix etc., the data after processing are subjected to N point-α rank 4-WFRFT, then processing is penetrated by base band reflection, output result is as extensive
Data after multiple.
The mathematical tool that the present invention uses is weight score Fourier conversion (WFRFT) and IAPR definition
Discrete-time signal X0(n) α ranks 4-WFRFT：
Y (n)=Fα[X0(n)]=ω0(α)X0(n)+ω1(α)X1(n)+ω2(α)X2(n)+ω3(α)X3(n) (1)
Wherein [X0(n),X1(n),X2(n),X3(n)] it is respectively X0(n) 0~3 discrete Fourier transform (Discrete
Fourier Transform, DFT), DFT is used to be calculated shown in formula (2).
The weight coefficient definition used is：
Assuming that 4-WFRFT systems are transmitted using block, Y (n) (0≤n≤N-1) is that one group of base band mapping signal passes through 4-
Discrete-time signal after WFRFT, it is defined as Y (n) instantaneous and average power ratio (IAPR)：
Wherein, E [] represents it is expected.
In order to contrast, data block Y (n) peak to average power ratio (PAPR) definition is equally provided：
IAPR and PAPR complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) is defined as：
CCDF(IAPR0)=P (IAPR >=IAPR0) (6)
CCDF(PAPR0)=P (PAPR >=IAPR0) (7)
If it is required that input PA signals are with not higher than P0Probability enter inelastic region, corresponding IAPR boundary values are set to IAPR0,
Then the linear-scale factor (Linear Scaling Factor) β can be expressed as：
Wherein AsatIt is PA linear zone saturation threshold values, PavIt is the mean power for inputting PA signals.
The present invention proposes a kind of linear-scale of the raising mixed carrier system power amplifier efficiency based on IAPR and become
Change method.This method improves PA power efficiency by controlling the probability of PA output signals generation non-linear distortion, i.e., with letter
Number small probability distortion is the lifting that condition exchanges PA power efficiencies for.This method can effectively improve compared with the conventional method based on PAPR
Mixed carrier system PA power efficiencies, as shown in table 1, table 1 are the simulation result contrast tables for being based respectively on IAPR and PAPR indexs
(distorted signals probability is less than 10-3Situation)；When 4-WFRFT exponent numbers are 0.2, power efficiency improves 4.95 percentage points.
By taking the mapping of QPSK (1+i, -1+i, -1-i, 1-i) base band as an example, baseband signal mean power is 2.QPSK is mapped
Mixed carrier system emulated, as shown in Figure 1：(1) baseband signal IAPR and PAPR CCDF are emulated, and curve is entered
Row contrast.(2) non-linear distortion probability is occurred by PA in signal and is not more than 10-3Under the conditions of, count the mixed of different conversion exponent numbers
Close the signal and non-linear distortion power ratio (SDNR) and PA power efficiency of carrier signal.
Simulated conditions are：
Sub-carrier number：512；
Subcarrier maps mode：QPSK；
4-WFRFT converts exponent number：0.2,0.3,0.5,0.8；
Oversample factor：L=8；
PA voltage gain G=10；
PA saturation threshold values Asat=3；
Table 1
IAPR and PAPR CCDF comparison diagrams under the same conditions is as shown in Figure 2 (by taking exponent number α=0.5 as an example)；
As it can be seen from table 1 baseband signal can imitate PA power by the linear-scale conversion based on IAPR indexs
Rate is higher, i.e. IAPR can more accurately embody the distribution character of signal power compared with PAPR.
From IAPR and PAPR CCDF curve comparison figures, such as Fig. 2, it can be seen that the two has very big difference.PAPR is anti-
The distribution character of the peak signal of each data block of signal is mirrored, and IAPR reflects the overall distribution character of signal, also more accords with
Close strict demands of the PA to distorted signals probability.
The present invention is unlike institute's extracting method in document 1-4, and the innovative proposition of the present invention is according to mixed carrier signal
Characteristic, non-linear distortion probability is occurred by control signal and improves PA power efficiency.
The difference to be proposed a plan with document 5 is that the present invention proposes to control linearly using the IAPR parameters of signal
Scale factor and then control PA generation non-linear distortion probability.
And the present invention is entirely different in the substantial and document 6 of principle, and it compensate for the document 7 mentioned in background technology
The shortcomings that.
The present invention is applied in the mixed carrier wireless communication system based on 4-WFRFT to improve transmitting terminal PA power effect
Rate.It can also use in other application PA system to improve PA power efficiencies.
Claims (2)
1. based on instantaneously with average power ratio raising mixed carrier system PA efficiency linear-scale conversion signal transmitting and
Method of reseptance, it is characterized in that：
Its signal transmitting method is：
Step 1: discrete-time signal is mapped by digital baseband to obtain data X0(n), wherein X0(n) there is N number of subcarrier；
N is positive integer；
Step 2: the data X that step 1 is obtained0(n) carry out α ranks WFRFT conversion, obtain after N points 4-WFRFT is modulated from
Dissipate time signal Y (n)；Cyclic prefix is inserted to the discrete-time signal Y (n) and carries out D/A conversion, data after being converted；
α is real number；
Step 3: the mean power P of signal is obtained according to base band mapping mode and 4-WFRFT conversion exponent numberav；
Step 4: according to base band mapping mode, 4-WFRFT conversion exponent number, the signal non-linear distortion probability P set0, application
Instantaneously define to obtain corresponding probability P with average power ratio IAPR complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF0IAPR threshold values IAPR0；
Step 5: the P that will be obtained in step 3avWith the IAPR obtained in step 40And PA linear zone saturation threshold values AsatIt is logical
Cross formula：
<mrow>
<mi>&beta;</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>sat</mi>
</msub>
<msqrt>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mi>av</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>IAPR</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
</msqrt>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Obtain linear-scale factor-beta；
Step 6: data after the conversion obtained in step 2 are multiplied with the scale factor β obtained in step 5, the knot that is multiplied is obtained
Fruit；
Step 7: the multiplied result obtained in step 6 is launched to channel after front end of emission processing and power amplification；
Its signal acceptance method is：
Step 8: receiving the signal of transmitting terminal transmitting from channel, carry out A/D conversion and go circulation prefix processing, after being handled
Data；
Step 9: the data after the processing that step 8 is obtained carry out N point-α ranks 4-WFRFT conversion, the data after being converted；
Step 10: the result after the conversion that step 9 is obtained penetrates processing by base band reflection, the data after being recovered are simultaneously defeated
Go out.
It is 2. according to claim 1 based on the instantaneously linear chi with the raising mixed carrier system PA efficiency of average power ratio
The signal transmitting of degree conversion and method of reseptance, it is characterised in that in step 4, the instantaneously complementation with average power ratio IAPR adds up
Distribution function CCDF is defined as：
CCDF(IAPR0)=P (IAPR >=IAPR0)
P is probability.
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| CN108833326B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2021-04-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Generalized mixed carrier transmission method for multi-component power averaging |
| CN108737317B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Generalized mixed carrier frequency-selective channel transmission method |
| CN110492938B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2022-07-22 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for inhibiting influence of LED nonlinear distortion on visible light communication performance |
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| CN1599265A (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-23 | 株式会社日立国际电气 | Transmitter |
| CN101136890A (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Optimized multi-carrier signal slicing device and method therefor |
| CN101494466A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-29 | 富士通株式会社 | Power amplifying apparatus with bandwidth limitation processing on variable power supply |
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| KR100605826B1 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2006-07-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Apparatus and method for improving the efficiency of power amplifier operating under a large peak-to-average ratio |
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| CN1599265A (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-23 | 株式会社日立国际电气 | Transmitter |
| CN101136890A (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Optimized multi-carrier signal slicing device and method therefor |
| CN101494466A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-29 | 富士通株式会社 | Power amplifying apparatus with bandwidth limitation processing on variable power supply |
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