CN104982211B - A kind of cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common Download PDFInfo
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- CN104982211B CN104982211B CN201510436452.9A CN201510436452A CN104982211B CN 104982211 B CN104982211 B CN 104982211B CN 201510436452 A CN201510436452 A CN 201510436452A CN 104982211 B CN104982211 B CN 104982211B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common, including the management of bamboo clump, cuttings collection, cuttings processing, seedbed preparation, process is managed after cuttage and cuttage, by being protected to female bamboo trunk, gather 1 year~2 years raw robust growths, the major branch with full kryptoblast or secondary branch and be used as cuttings, after carrying out cuttings processing cuttage pass through management acquisition greenstripe common cuttage wooden seedling after cuttage in seedbed.The cuttage breeding method of the greenstripe common of the present invention, for cuttings with 12 years raw bamboo branch or secondary branch, secondary branch is that the bud of major branch base portion sprouts the branch grown, this kind of lopwood tabernaemontanus bulrush expands, bud is full, there is root tissue, under the suitable conditions can independent growths into complete plant.This method can efficiently use the reproductive efficiency of greenstripe common, and fringe bar is in large supply, and cost is low, easy to operate, and expansion is numerous fast, and breeding coefficient is high, and the nursery stock quantity of acquisition is big, has preferable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, is related to a kind of cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common.
Background technology
Greenstripe common（Bambusa vulgaris cv.Vittata）Alias Bambusa vulgarisSchrad Ex., hang green bamboo, Hua Zhu, belongs to grass
Section（Gramineae）Bambusoideae（Bambusoideae）Bambusa（Bambusa）,It is yushania（ Bambusa vulgaris Schrad.）A mutation, be distributed in South China Tropical and South Subtropical Area of China, it is most common with South China.
Greenstripe common is large-scale ornament bamboo, its graceful carriage is colourful, and stalk shape is beautiful tall and straight, and branches and leaves are graceful, jasper into
Interest, level Four length cyclopentadienyl, scape material is preferably made for modern garden.In addition, greenstripe common is fast into scape, leaf area index is big, photosynthetic
Effect is strong, can purify air, absorption flue dust and toxic gas, and its underground rhizome-root system is huge, in water conservation and water
In terms of native holding advantageously.Therefore, greenstripe common bamboo resource, wide market are developed.
At present, the female bamboo plant of shifting is taken in the nurseries' supplies of greenstripe common more, and breeding potential is extremely low.Cutting propagation is simply easy
OK, it is the important means of cultivating achievements in forest-tree seedling, and one of important channel of bamboo fast breeding.
The content of the invention
High in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of survival rate, breeding is simple, quick, stable
Greenstripe common cuttage breeding method.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common, including the management of bamboo clump, cuttings collection, cuttings processing, seedbed preparation,
Manage process after cuttage and cuttage, by being protected to female bamboo trunk, gather bamboo branch cuttings, after carrying out cuttings processing cuttage in seedbed,
Greenstripe common cuttage wooden seedling is obtained by being managed after cuttage, its operating procedure is as follows：
（1）Bamboo clump management：
A, solarization is taken off：Bamboo clump table soil, exposure bamboo shoot bud and bamboo pocket are excavated, bamboo shoot are stimulated using sunlight to mid-April by the end of February every year
Bud is sprouted；
B, break the tip：On annual new life bamboo stalk after woods, top tip is struck off at distance 1.5m~2m from the ground in newborn bamboo stalk, with profit
Branch is sprouted in Hsinchu, and promotes its essenceization；
C, manage and protect：Strengthen water and fertilizer management, Hsinchu is sprouted when suffering from a severe drought, manually poured per 12d~17d it is permeable once；
D, coppice shoot management：In non-cuttage season, branch old, weak, tiny in female bamboo bamboo clump is removed, shaft cleaning cannot damage mother
Bamboo；
E, apply fertilizer：3d~5d after shining is taken off, decomposed manure l5kg is applied to every bamboo clump rhizosphere；June~July removes with reference to intertillage
Grass, sprinkles to every bamboo clump and applies decomposed liquid dung 10kg；Every time with soil covering after fertilising；
F, preventing disease pest control：Ventilative management is aerated to bamboo clump according to a conventional method, pre- preventing disease and pest occurs；If it find that have
Pest and disease damage occurs, and sprays the insecticide of volumetric concentration 50%, and 10d~15d sprays one time, and every time continuous sprinkling is three times；To pest and disease damage
Serious plant, pulls out and burns immediately；The insecticide is carbendazim and the mixed liquor of metrifonate；
（2）Cuttings gathers：1 year~2 years raw robust growths are selected in bamboo clump, there is the major branch or secondary of full kryptoblast
Branch, is cut down from branch base portion patch stalk with knife and obtains cuttings, avoids tearing a root and stem of certain plants and damage root point as far as possible when knife is cut；
（3）Cuttings processing：Cuttings trimming is carried out, and cuttings base portion is immersed in rooting powder solution；
（4）Seedbed preparation：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, and traffic convenience, physical features is flat, and illumination is sufficient, the fertile ground of loosing soil
Fang Zuowei seedbeds, nursery soil quality are loam, and composite fertilizer 1500kg is applied to per hectare soil；Cuttage the previous day is with concentration
0.3% liquor potassic permanganate carries out disinfection seedbed；
（5）Cuttage：
A, cutting time：In the first tenday period of a month cuttage in May mid-April；
B, cottage method：By 10cm × 20cm seeding row spacings, cuttings is tiltedly buried with ground in 10 °~30 ° angles, cuttings is buried
It is deep to and only exposes branch second and save, earthing compacting, watering is drenched；
（6）Managed after cuttage：
A, shade:Mulching straw or shading screen is built in the ranks, the obscurity of shading screen is 30~50%；
B, apply fertilizer:Tillage and weeding is combined in June~July, pours and applies liquid dung；October~November applies the element ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
For 1: 1: 1 ternary compound fertilizer；
C, weeding is loosened the soil:Loosen the soil once before rainy season.
Above step（2）The cuttings specification gathered is base diameter 1.0cm~1.5cm, and retains the section of more than 2；
Bud is loose, full, and the branch root and stem of certain plants is loose, there is root point.
Above step（3）Described cuttings trimming be cuttings most on cut at a section top 2cm and be broken into horse ear shape, peel off branch
The branch sheaths of bamboo shoots that bar base portion harbors, exposes bud eye.
Above step（3）The rooting powder solution is ABT1 solution, concentration 100mg/L, and the time of immersion is
60min。
Above step（4）The seedbed is trimmed to height of bed 25cm~30cm, bedside 100cm, the wide 40cm of pavement, and bed surface is put down
Whole, grogs is thin, bedside consolidation.
Above step（6）The liquid dung per hectare, which is poured, applies 50 kilograms；Its concentration of the composite fertilizer is 200mg/L.
In contrast to existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages and good effect：
1st, the cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common of the invention, is to carry out cuttings collection to the branch of 1-2 raw bamboos strain,
The fringe bar gathered is short and is semi-lignified branch, and growth is vigorous, and childrenization effect is good, and cuttings is easiest to take root.
2nd, the cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common of the invention, the requirement of cuttings collection are to retain more than 2 sections, can be effective
Reduce cutting propagation material deterioration inside.
3rd, the cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common of the invention, cuttings are with the raw bamboo branch of 1-2 or secondary branch, secondary branch
The bud of major branch base portion sprouts the branch grown, and this kind of lopwood tabernaemontanus bulrush expands, and bud is full, has root tissue, under the suitable conditions can
Independent growths are into complete plant.Therefore, this invention fringe bar is in large supply, can efficiently use the breeding effect of greenstripe common
Rate.
4th, the cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common of the invention, selected cutting medium raw material are easy to get, and prepare letter
Folk prescription just, easily implement by propagation method.
5th, the cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common of the invention is small using the raw bamboo branch of 1-2 or secondary branch, nursery material
Type, it is not necessary to cut, dig female bamboo, alleviate labor intensity.
6th, the cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common of the invention, cost is low, easy to operate, expands numerous fast, breeding coefficient height,
The nursery stock quantity of acquisition is big, has preferable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
By the end of February, bamboo clump table soil, exposure bamboo shoot bud and bamboo pocket are excavated, stimulates bamboo shoot bud to sprout using sunlight.On annual new life bamboo stalk
Lin Hou, strikes off top tip at distance 1.5m~1.6m from the ground in newborn bamboo stalk, sprouts branch with sharp Hsinchu, and promote its essenceization.Add
The water and fertilizer management of strong bamboo clump, Hsinchu is sprouted when suffering from a severe drought, manually poured per 12d~13d it is permeable once.In non-cuttage season, clearly
Except branch old, weak, tiny in female bamboo bamboo clump, shaft cleaning cannot damage female bamboo.3d~4d after shining is taken off, is applied to every bamboo clump rhizosphere rotten
Ripe organic fertilizer l5kg；June~July combines tillage and weeding, is sprinkled to every bamboo clump and applies decomposed liquid dung 10kg；Covered every time after fertilising with soil
Lid.Ventilative management is aerated to bamboo clump according to a conventional method, pre- preventing disease and pest occurs；If it find that there is pest and disease damage, spray
The insecticide of volumetric concentration 50%, 10d~12d spray one time, and every time continuous sprinkling is three times；To the serious plant of pest and disease damage, pull out immediately
Remove and burn；The insecticide is carbendazim and the mixed liquor of metrifonate.
Select 1 year~2 years raw robust growths, major branch or secondary branch with full kryptoblast in bamboo clump, with knife from branch
Bar base portion patch stalk, which is cut down, obtains cuttings, avoids tearing a root and stem of certain plants and damage root point as far as possible when knife is cut, the cuttings specification gathered is base
Portion diameter 1.0cm~1.2cm, and retain the section of more than 2；Bud is loose, full, and the branch root and stem of certain plants is loose, there is root point.Cuttings most on one
Cut at section top 2cm and be broken into horse ear shape, peelled off the branch sheaths of bamboo shoots that branch base portion harbors, expose bud eye, cuttings is trimmed, and will inserted
Fringe base portion, which is immersed in the ABT1 solution of concentration 100mg/L, soaks 60min.
Selection irrigation and drainage are good, and traffic convenience, physical features is flat, and illumination is sufficient, and the fertile place of loosing soil is as seedbed, seedling
The bed soil texture is loam, and composite fertilizer 1500kg is applied to per hectare soil；Seedbed is trimmed to height of bed 25cmcm, bedside 100cm,
The wide 40cm of pavement, bed surface is smooth, and grogs is thin, bedside consolidation；The liquor potassic permanganate that cuttage the previous day concentration is 0.3% is to seedling
Bed carries out disinfection.
It is by 10cm × 20cm seeding row spacings, cuttings is oblique in 10 °~15 ° angles with ground in the first tenday period of a month cuttage in May mid-April
Bury, cuttings, which buries to be deep to, only to be exposed branch second and save, and earthing compacting, watering is drenched.After cuttage, mulching straw or built in the ranks
Shading screen, the obscurity of shading screen is 30~40%.Tillage and weeding is combined in June~July, pours and applies liquid dung, per hectare, which is poured, applies 50 public affairs
Jin；Apply the ternary compound fertilizer that nitrogen, phosphorus, the element ratio of potassium are 1: 1: 1 October~November；Its concentration of the composite fertilizer is 200mg/
L.Loosen the soil once before rainy season.Pre- preventing disease and pest infects, and clears up withered fallen leaves in time.Complete investigation survival rate after 90 days,
Survival rate is to 91.3%.
Embodiment 2：
Mid-March, excavates bamboo clump table soil, exposure bamboo shoot bud and bamboo pocket, stimulates bamboo shoot bud to sprout using sunlight.Annual new life bamboo stalk
After upper woods, top tip is struck off at distance 1.6m~1.8m from the ground in newborn bamboo stalk, branch is sprouted with sharp Hsinchu, and promote its essenceization.
Strengthen the water and fertilizer management of bamboo clump, Hsinchu is sprouted when suffering from a severe drought, manually poured per 14d~15d it is permeable once.In non-cuttage season,
Branch old, weak, tiny in female bamboo bamboo clump is removed, shaft cleaning cannot damage female bamboo.3d~4d after shining is taken off, is applied to every bamboo clump rhizosphere
Decomposed manure l5kg；June~July combines tillage and weeding, is sprinkled to every bamboo clump and applies decomposed liquid dung 10kg；Covered every time after fertilising with soil
Lid.Ventilative management is aerated to bamboo clump according to a conventional method, pre- preventing disease and pest occurs；If it find that there is pest and disease damage, spray
The insecticide of volumetric concentration 50%, 12d~13d spray one time, and every time continuous sprinkling is three times；To the serious plant of pest and disease damage, pull out immediately
Remove and burn；The insecticide is carbendazim and the mixed liquor of metrifonate.
Select 1 year~2 years raw robust growths, major branch or secondary branch with full kryptoblast in bamboo clump, with knife from branch
Bar base portion patch stalk, which is cut down, obtains cuttings, avoids tearing a root and stem of certain plants and damage root point as far as possible when knife is cut, the cuttings specification gathered is base
Portion diameter 1.2cm~1.3cm, and retain the section of more than 2；Bud is loose, full, and the branch root and stem of certain plants is loose, there is root point.Cuttings most on one
Cut at section top 2cm and be broken into horse ear shape, peelled off the branch sheaths of bamboo shoots that branch base portion harbors, expose bud eye, cuttings is trimmed, and will inserted
Fringe base portion, which is immersed in the ABT1 solution of concentration 100mg/L, soaks 60min.
Selection irrigation and drainage are good, and traffic convenience, physical features is flat, and illumination is sufficient, and the fertile place of loosing soil is as seedbed, seedling
The bed soil texture is loam, and composite fertilizer 1500kg is applied to per hectare soil；Seedbed is trimmed to height of bed 25cm, bedside 100cm, is walked
Road width 40cm, bed surface is smooth, and grogs is thin, bedside consolidation；The liquor potassic permanganate that cuttage the previous day concentration is 0.3% is to seedbed
Carry out disinfection.
It is by 10cm × 20cm seeding row spacings, cuttings is oblique in 15 °~20 ° angles with ground in the first tenday period of a month cuttage in May mid-April
Bury, cuttings, which buries to be deep to, only to be exposed branch second and save, and earthing compacting, watering is drenched.After cuttage, mulching straw or built in the ranks
Shading screen, the obscurity of shading screen is 30~40%.Tillage and weeding is combined in June~July, pours and applies liquid dung, per hectare, which is poured, applies 50 public affairs
Jin；Apply the ternary compound fertilizer that nitrogen, phosphorus, the element ratio of potassium are 1: 1: 1 October~November；Its concentration of the composite fertilizer is 200mg/
L.Loosen the soil once before rainy season.Pre- preventing disease and pest infects, and clears up withered fallen leaves in time.Complete investigation survival rate after 90 days,
Survival rate is to 85.2%.
Embodiment 3：
Mid-April, excavates bamboo clump table soil, exposure bamboo shoot bud and bamboo pocket, stimulates bamboo shoot bud to sprout using sunlight.Annual new life bamboo stalk
After upper woods, top tip is struck off at distance 1.8m~2m from the ground in newborn bamboo stalk, branch is sprouted with sharp Hsinchu, and promote its essenceization.Add
The water and fertilizer management of strong bamboo clump, Hsinchu is sprouted when suffering from a severe drought, manually poured per 16d~17d it is permeable once.In non-cuttage season, clearly
Except branch old, weak, tiny in female bamboo bamboo clump, shaft cleaning cannot damage female bamboo.4d~5d after shining is taken off, is applied to every bamboo clump rhizosphere rotten
Ripe organic fertilizer l5kg；June~July combines tillage and weeding, is sprinkled to every bamboo clump and applies decomposed liquid dung 10kg；Covered every time after fertilising with soil
Lid.Ventilative management is aerated to bamboo clump according to a conventional method, pre- preventing disease and pest occurs；If it find that there is pest and disease damage, spray
The insecticide of volumetric concentration 50%, 14d~15d spray one time, and every time continuous sprinkling is three times；To the serious plant of pest and disease damage, pull out immediately
Remove and burn；The insecticide is carbendazim and the mixed liquor of metrifonate.
Select 1 year~2 years raw robust growths, major branch or secondary branch with full kryptoblast in bamboo clump, with knife from branch
Bar base portion patch stalk, which is cut down, obtains cuttings, avoids tearing a root and stem of certain plants and damage root point as far as possible when knife is cut, the cuttings specification gathered is base
Portion diameter 1.4cm~1.5cm, and retain the section of more than 2；Bud is loose, full, and the branch root and stem of certain plants is loose, there is root point.Cuttings most on one
Cut at section top 2cm and be broken into horse ear shape, peelled off the branch sheaths of bamboo shoots that branch base portion harbors, expose bud eye, cuttings is trimmed, and will inserted
Fringe base portion, which is immersed in the ABT1 solution of concentration 100mg/L, soaks 60min.
Selection irrigation and drainage are good, and traffic convenience, physical features is flat, and illumination is sufficient, and the fertile place of loosing soil is as seedbed, seedling
The bed soil texture is loam, and composite fertilizer 1500kg is applied to per hectare soil；Seedbed is trimmed to height of bed 30cm, bedside 100cm, is walked
Road width 40cm, bed surface is smooth, and grogs is thin, bedside consolidation；The liquor potassic permanganate that cuttage the previous day concentration is 0.3% is to seedbed
Carry out disinfection.
It is by 10cm × 20cm seeding row spacings, cuttings is oblique in 20 °~30 ° angles with ground in the first tenday period of a month cuttage in May mid-April
Bury, cuttings, which buries to be deep to, only to be exposed branch second and save, and earthing compacting, watering is drenched.After cuttage, mulching straw or built in the ranks
Shading screen, the obscurity of shading screen is 40~50%.Tillage and weeding is combined in June~July, pours and applies liquid dung, per hectare, which is poured, applies 50 public affairs
Jin；Apply the ternary compound fertilizer that nitrogen, phosphorus, the element ratio of potassium are 1: 1: 1 October~November；Its concentration of the composite fertilizer is 200mg/
L.Loosen the soil once before rainy season.Pre- preventing disease and pest infects, and clears up withered fallen leaves in time.Complete investigation survival rate after 90 days,
Survival rate is to 89.6%.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cuttage breeding method of greenstripe common, including the management of bamboo clump, cuttings collection, cuttings processing, seedbed preparation, skewer
Insert and manage process after cuttage, it is characterised in that：By being protected to female bamboo trunk, bamboo branch cuttings is gathered, carries out cuttage after cuttings processing
In in seedbed, greenstripe common cuttage wooden seedling is obtained by being managed after cuttage, its operating procedure is as follows：
（1）Bamboo clump management：
A, solarization is taken off：Bamboo clump table soil, exposure bamboo shoot bud and bamboo pocket are excavated, stimulates bamboo shoot bud to sprout using sunlight to mid-April by the end of February every year
It is dynamic；
B, break the tip：On annual new life bamboo stalk after woods, top tip is struck off at distance 1.5m~2m from the ground in newborn bamboo stalk, with sharp Hsinchu
Branch is sprouted, and promotes its essenceization；
C, manage and protect：Strengthen water and fertilizer management, Hsinchu is sprouted when suffering from a severe drought, manually poured per 12d~17d it is permeable once；
D, coppice shoot management：In non-cuttage season, branch old, weak, tiny in female bamboo bamboo clump is removed, shaft cleaning cannot damage female bamboo；
E, apply fertilizer：3d~5d after shining is taken off, decomposed manure l5kg is applied to every bamboo clump rhizosphere；June~July combines tillage and weeding,
Sprinkled to every bamboo clump and apply decomposed liquid dung 10kg；Every time with soil covering after fertilising；
F, preventing disease pest control：Ventilative management is aerated to bamboo clump according to a conventional method, pre- preventing disease and pest occurs；If it find that there is disease pest
Evil occurs, and sprays the insecticide of volumetric concentration 50%, and 10d~15d sprays one time, and every time continuous sprinkling is three times；It is serious to pest and disease damage
Plant, pulls out and burns immediately；The insecticide is carbendazim and the mixed liquor of metrifonate；
（2）Cuttings gathers：1 year~2 years raw robust growths are selected in bamboo clump, there is the major branch or secondary branch of full kryptoblast,
Cut down with knife from branch base portion patch stalk and obtain cuttings, avoid tearing a root and stem of certain plants and damage root point as far as possible when knife is cut；The cuttings gathered
Specification is base diameter 1.0cm~1.5cm, and retains the section of more than 2；Bud is loose, full, and the branch root and stem of certain plants is loose, there is root point；
（3）Cuttings processing：Cuttings trimming is carried out, and cuttings base portion is immersed in rooting powder solution；Rooting powder solution is ABT1
Number solution, concentration 100mg/L, the time of immersion is 60min；
Described cuttings trimming be cuttings most on cut at a section top 2cm and be broken into horse ear shape, peel off the branch that branch base portion harbors
Sheaths of bamboo shoots, exposes bud eye；
（4）Seedbed preparation：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, and traffic convenience, physical features is flat, and illumination is sufficient, the fertile place work of loosing soil
For seedbed, nursery soil quality is loam, and composite fertilizer 1500kg is applied to per hectare soil；Cuttage the previous day concentration is 0.3%
Liquor potassic permanganate carries out disinfection seedbed；
Seedbed is trimmed to height of bed 25cm~30cm, and bedside 100cm, the wide 40cm of pavement, bed surface is smooth, and grogs is thin, bedside consolidation；
（5）Cuttage：
A, cutting time：In the first tenday period of a month cuttage in May mid-April；
B, cottage method：By 10cm × 20cm seeding row spacings, cuttings is tiltedly buried with ground in 10 °~30 ° angles, cuttings, which is buried, to be deep to
Only expose branch second to save, earthing compacting, watering is drenched；
（6）Managed after cuttage：
A, shade:Mulching straw or shading screen is built in the ranks, the obscurity of shading screen is 30~50%；
B, apply fertilizer:Tillage and weeding is combined in June~July, pours and applies liquid dung, per hectare, which is poured, applies 50 kilograms；Apply October~November nitrogen,
The ternary compound fertilizer that phosphorus, the element ratio of potassium are 1: 1: 1, its concentration is 200mg/L；
C, weeding is loosened the soil:Loosen the soil once before rainy season.
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| CN107926539A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-20 | 桂林国农生态农业有限公司 | A kind of as if field winter bamboo shoot breeding method |
| CN107736203A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-27 | 桂林国农生态农业有限公司 | A kind of as if field winter bamboo shoot implantation methods |
| CN112586259A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Winter cuttage seedling raising method for sympodial bamboos for bamboo shoots |
| CN113853963A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2021-12-31 | 湖北山越山生态农业有限公司 | Tung jatropha hard branch film-covering cuttage method |
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