CN104988264A - Treatment and utilization method for sintering flue gas - Google Patents
Treatment and utilization method for sintering flue gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment and utilization method for sintering flue gas. The method comprises the steps that dedusted sintering flue gas is heated through a hot blast heater, and the flue gas is heated to the temperature of 1000 DEG-1400 DEG C; heated flue gas is blown into a blast furnace through a blast-furnace tuyere to replace air for ironmaking production; high-temperature and highly reduced conditions in the blast furnace are utilized for conducting desulfuration, denitration and dioxin and furan removal on the sintering flue gas; and sensible heat in the flue gas and oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the flue gas are utilized in ironmaking production. Compared with other sintering flue gas treatment techniques, the treatment and utilization method utilizes existing ironmaking production equipment for treating the sintering flue gas, the running cost is low, no new secondary products are produced, the latent heat of the sintering flue gas can be utilized, and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the flue gas are caught and utilized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, relate to a kind of method of sinter fume disposal and utilization, desulphurization and denitration and Tuo dioxin are carried out to flue gas, and utilizes carbon monoxide in flue gas, carbonic acid gas, oxygen and latent heat.
Background technology
Sulfur dioxide in sintering flue gas, oxynitride are Ji content of dioxin is higher, serious to topsoil; But also containing carbon monoxide, oxygen and latent heat resource in sinter fume.Therefore sinter fume needs desulphurization and denitration and de-dioxin process, and recycles its latent heat resource and carbon monoxide wherein and carbonic acid gas.
The process of sinter fume is divided into wet method, dry method and semidrying.But no matter which kind of method, must build task equipment and process flue gas; And also need in fume treatment operational process to use a large amount of sweetening agent, denitrfying agent etc., running cost is high; Desulfurization product after certain methods process and denitration product are also difficult to utilize.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the present invention discloses a kind of method of sinter fume disposal and utilization, adopts blast furnace ironmaking process to carry out disposal and utilization to flue gas.
In view of above-mentioned many difficulties, the present invention successfully researches and develops and utilizes blast furnace ironmaking process to carry out the technology of disposal and utilization to flue gas, sinter fume is utilized to replace air to carry out blast furnace ironmaking, in iron manufacturing process, desulphurization and denitration, the process of Tuo dioxin are carried out to sinter fume, and utilize the resource such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen in Latent heat, flue gas.After process, flue gas is absorbed by blast furnace gas, blast-furnace slag and molten iron, and to produce product identical with former blast furnace ironmaking, do not form new difficult material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of sinter fume disposal and utilization method, and the method adopts blast furnace ironmaking process to carry out disposal and utilization to flue gas, is heated, by flue gas heating to 1000 DEG C-1400 DEG C by hotblast stove to the sinter fume after dedusting; By blast-furnace tuyere, by the flue gas after heating, be blown into blast furnace, replace air to carry out ironmaking production; By the high temperature in blast furnace and strong reductive condition, desulphurization and denitration, Tuo dioxin and treatment of furans are carried out to sinter fume; Oxygen, carbonic acid gas and carbon monoxide in the sensible heat of flue gas, flue gas are utilized in ironmaking production.
Above-mentioned sinter fume disposal and utilization method, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
Step 1: first carry out dust removal process to sinter fume, will be attached with the particulate solid removing of basic oxide, and make to be attached with basic oxide solid dust content in sinter fume and be less than 200mg/m in flue gas
3, the flue gas after sinter fume dedusting, imports hotblast stove by main exhauster by the sinter fume after dedusting, preheats, be heated to sinter fume temperature and reach 1000 DEG C-1400 DEG C the sinter fume after dedusting;
Step 2: the sinter fume after step 1 preheating is sent in blast furnace by blast furnace air supply system, in blast furnace, furnace charge generation chemical reaction in sinter fume and blast furnace, and oxygen, carbonic acid gas and the carbon monoxide in sinter fume is utilized in blast furnace ironmaking is produced; Sulfur dioxide in sintering flue gas, oxynitride, dioxin and furans are processed simultaneously, and the gaseous product of formation, i.e. blast furnace gas, in described blast furnace gas, content of sulfur dioxide is less than 100mg/m
3, amount of nitrogen oxides is less than 300mg/m
3, content of dioxin is less than 0.5ng-TEQ/m
3; Wherein, sinter fume is sent into ratio and is accounted for the 30-100% of blast furnace blast amount, and air or oxygen enrichment or oxygen send into the 0-70% that ratio accounts for blast furnace blast amount.
Further, in described step 2: in blast furnace, described sulfur dioxide in sintering flue gas is entered molten iron by carbon reduction in molten iron, and reacted by slag steel subsequently, major part enters slag; Also have part by solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction, and by continuous in blast furnace CaO, Fe of decline and the oxides adsorb of iron, enter molten iron and slag.
Further, in described step 2: in blast furnace, the oxynitride in described sinter fume is entered molten iron by carbon reduction in molten iron; Also have part by solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction, be converted into nitrogen, finally enter blast furnace gas.
Further, in described step 2: in described sinter fume, dioxin and furans are under blast furnace high temperature (1000-2200 DEG C) environment, by the reaction with iron liquid, slag and furnace charge in blast furnace, be all decomposed and absorb, and molten steel quality is not affected.
Further, in described step 2: the CO in described sinter fume is as reductive agent, and iron ore in reduction blast furnace, unreacted CO then forms blast furnace gas, is recovered utilization.
Further, in described step 2: the carbon dioxide and oxygen in described sinter fume, as oxygenant, react with coke in blast furnace and solid carbon, form CO, become reducing gas in blast furnace.In this approach, in sinter fume, carbonic acid gas is captured and utilizes, and avoids the discharge of carbonic acid gas in sinter fume.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts blast furnace sinter flue gas to replace air ironmaking, and in sinter fume, latent heat is utilized, and oxygen, carbonic acid gas and the carbon monoxide in flue gas is utilized in ironmaking production; Sulfur dioxide in flue gas, oxynitride, Tuo dioxin and furans are processed simultaneously.The gaseous product formed, namely in blast furnace gas, content of sulfur dioxide is less than 100mg/m
3, amount of nitrogen oxides is less than 300mg/m
3, content of dioxin is less than 0.5ng-TEQ/m
3; The molten iron sulphur generated and nitrogen content increase seldom, do not have a significant effect to follow-up STEELMAKING PRODUCTION.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of sinter fume disposal and utilization of the present invention.
In figure: 1-sinter machine 2-dust removal installation 3-main exhauster 4-air 5-oxygen enrichment or oxygen 6-hotblast stove 7 gas blower 8-blast furnace 9-gas chamber.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is set forth further below in conjunction with process flow diagram, but not as the restriction to protection domain.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the process flow diagram of the method for a kind of sinter fume disposal and utilization of the present invention, first dust removal process carried out to flue gas.Sinter machine is generally all configured with dust removal process, as bag-type dust or electric precipitation etc., by these dust removal installations, dust removal process is carried out to sinter fume, will wherein particulate solid remove, to prevent smoke dust to the disadvantageous effect of subsequent heat equipment, meeting blocking pipe as more in dust, dust deposits in subsequent heat equipment also can affect heats, and shortens the heating installation life-span, and in dust, alkali metal potassium, sodium also can make a significant impact blast furnace ironmaking.After dedusting, in flue gas, solid dust content should control to be less than 200mg/m
3, if control to 50mg/m further
3then better effects if.Also can adopt wet dedusting, but wet dedusting can lose Latent heat, be unfavorable for the comprehensive utilization of Latent heat; In addition, also need to carry out dehumidification treatments to flue gas after adopting wet dedusting, therefore do not recommend to adopt wet dedusting.
Gas after dedusting, by adopting pipeline that the sinter fume after dedusting is imported hotblast stove after main exhauster, importing flow and determining according to the demand of hotblast stove processing power and blast furnace.General import volume is slightly less than or equals hotblast stove process capacity.When flue gas import volume is less than hotblast stove processing power, by air or oxygen enrichment or oxygen replenishment.
Sinter fume directly sends into blast furnace, and temperature is lower, is unfavorable for the trouble-free operation of blast furnace.In order to ensure that blast fumance normally carries out, adopt the existing hotblast stove of iron work to heat sinter fume, Heating temperature need reach more than 1000 DEG C, reaches 1000 DEG C-1400 DEG C.
Sinter fume temperature is higher, and comparatively air is high about 150 DEG C; Sinter fume is smelted iron after replacing partial air heating, can make full use of this part energy.
After being heated by process furnace, the sinter fume after heating, by blast furnace air supply system, is sent into blast furnace by blast-furnace tuyere by high temperature sintering flue gas.When flue gas usage ratio is less than 100%, all the other shares are by air or oxygen enrichment or oxygen replenishment.
In blast furnace, sinter fume and blast furnace burden are by adverse current relative movement, fully react with furnace charge, carry out reduction and the reaction such as utilization absorbing the decomposition of, dioxin and furans and absorption, the reduction of carbonic acid gas and utilization, carbon monoxide of the reduction of sulfide and absorption, oxynitride simultaneously.Concrete reaction is as follows:
Sulfur dioxide in sintering flue gas is entered molten iron by carbon reduction in molten iron, and reacted by slag steel subsequently, major part enters slag; Also have part by solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction, and by continuous in blast furnace CaO, Fe of decline and the oxides adsorb of iron, enter molten iron and slag.
Sulfurous gas is reduced by carbon in molten iron and the reaction formula absorbed is:
SO
2+2[C]=[S]+2CO
[S]+(CaO)=CaS+[O]
Sulfurous gas by solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction, and by the reaction that molten iron and slag absorb is:
SO
2+2C=S+2CO
SO
2+2CO=S+2CO
2
S=[S]
2S+2CaO=2CaS+O
2
[S]+(CaO)=(CaS)+[O]
In blast furnace, in sinter fume, oxynitride is entered molten iron by carbon reduction in molten iron; Also have part by solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction, be converted into nitrogen, finally enter blast furnace gas.
Oxynitride is reduced by carbon in molten iron and the reaction formula absorbed is:
NO
2+2[C]=[N]+2CO
NO+[C]=[N]+CO
Oxynitride by the reaction that solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction produce nitrogen is:
2NO
2+4C=N
2+4CO
2NO+2C=N
2+2CO
2NO
2+4CO=N
2+4CO
2
2NO+2CO=N
2+2CO
2
Yan gas Zhong dioxin and furans, under blast furnace hot environment, by the reaction with iron liquid, slag and furnace charge in blast furnace, are all decomposed and absorb, and not affecting molten iron and gas quality.
In flue gas, CO can be used as reductive agent, iron ore in reduction blast furnace.Unreacted CO then forms blast furnace gas, is recovered utilization.
Carbon dioxide in flue gas and oxygen, as oxygenant, react with coke in blast furnace and solid carbon, forms CO, become reducing gas in blast furnace.In this approach, in sinter fume, carbonic acid gas is captured and utilizes, and avoids the discharge of carbonic acid gas in sinter fume.
Be reduced by sinter fume medium sulphide content after blast furnace process, the overwhelming majority enters molten iron, slag, and Determination of Trace Sulfur enters blast furnace gas, but does not substantially have a significant effect to coal gas composition, does not affect the use of blast furnace gas; Nitrogen oxides in effluent is reduced, and part enters molten iron, and part enters coal gas, but does not affect the use of molten iron-steelmaking and coal gas; Yan gas Zhong dioxin and furans are decomposed removal; In flue gas, CO is used as reductive agent, or is rapidly absorbed into coal gas; In flue gas, oxygen and carbonic acid gas are used as oxygenant, and carbonic acid gas is captured utilization; Flue gas replaces air ironmaking, and sensible heat is utilized.
Sinter fume medium sulphide content is reduced and absorbs in blast furnace, and the sulphur analysis be equivalent in blast furnace burden increases.In blast furnace, desulfurization thermodynamic condition is better, and in furnace charge, sulphur has 80-90% to be removed to enter blast furnace slag.The sulphur that sinter fume is brought into, on the one hand by suitably adding lime, the sweetening power improving blast-furnace slag solves; If do not changed blast furnace lime consumption, Sulfur Content in Hot Iron has increase to a certain degree, but most of sulphur is still absorbed by slag.Sulphur in molten iron can remove in follow-up hot metal pretreatment, and the cost that hot metal pretreatment increases is very little.
The molten iron nitrogen content increase that in sinter fume, oxynitride causes is not remarkable, is that the content of oxynitride is lower on the one hand, is not enough to cause molten iron nitrogen content significantly to increase; On the other hand, molten iron nitrogen pick-up is inherently not easy, and nitrogen oxides in effluent can not cause the obvious nitrogen pick-up of molten iron.Even if Nitrogen in Hot Metal is high, decarburizing reaction can be easily passed through remove in follow-up steel-making, can not cost be increased, also substantially can not affect the quality of steel.
Nitrogen in flue gas is little on operation of blast furnace impact because nitrogen in flue gas content lower than or close to a nitrogen content in air, therefore flue gas replaces air to carry out blast fumance, and nitrogen can not cause obvious negative interaction; When simultaneously nitrogen enters blast furnace, temperature is 1000-1400 DEG C, and from blast furnace out time temperature low, therefore do not cause the loss of high furnace heat yet.
By the way, sinter fume is well processed through blast furnace, and its medium sulphide content, oxynitride, dioxin, furans are removed substantially, and carbonic acid gas, carbon monoxide, oxygen and latent heat are utilized.
Embodiment 1
Sinter fume is by after electric precipitation, and temperature is 150 DEG C, after main exhauster, sends into hotblast stove by gas pipe line, and flow is 5000 cubic meters per minute, and air substitution rate is 100%, wherein SO
2content 1000mg/m
3, nitrous oxides concentration 200mg/m
3; In hotblast stove, be heated to 1200 DEG C, blast blast furnace by gas blower by blast-furnace tuyere; In blast furnace, sinter fume and blast furnace burden generation chemical reaction, sulfurous gas is reduced and enters molten iron and slag, and oxynitride is reduced and enters molten iron and blast furnace gas, and dioxin and furans are at pyrolytic decomposition, in carbonic acid gas and blast furnace, carbon reacts, generate carbon monoxide, become reductive agent or enter blast furnace gas, oxygen and carbon react, generate carbon monoxide, and release reaction heat.Blast furnace sinter flue gas replaces freezing air ironmaking, and in sinter fume, latent heat utilization effect is 7.5X10
8j per minute, the Sulfur Content in Hot Iron content of blast fumance increases 0.013wt% than the molten steel sulfur content adopting air to produce, and this part sulphur can be removed easily in follow-up hot metal pretreatment, and the cost of increase is very little; In molten iron, nitrogen is less than 0.01wt%, meets the requirements; In slag, sulphur content increases 0.17wt%, and the impact that the increase of this part sulphur uses slag is not obvious; In blast furnace gas, content of sulfur dioxide is less than 100mg/m
3, amount of nitrogen oxides is less than 300mg/m
3, content of dioxin is less than 0.5ng-TEQ/m
3.
Embodiment 2
Sinter fume is by after bag-type dust, and temperature is 170 DEG C, after main exhauster, sends into hotblast stove by gas pipe line, and flow is 4000 cubic meters per minute, and air substitution rate is 80%, wherein SO
2content 2000mg/m
3, nitrous oxides concentration 400mg/m
3; In hotblast stove, be heated to 1250 DEG C, blast blast furnace by gas blower by blast-furnace tuyere; In blast furnace, sinter fume and blast furnace burden generation chemical reaction, sulfurous gas is reduced and enters molten iron and slag, and oxynitride is reduced and enters molten iron and blast furnace gas, and dioxin and furans are at pyrolytic decomposition, in carbonic acid gas and blast furnace, carbon reacts, generate carbon monoxide, become reductive agent or enter blast furnace gas, oxygen and carbon react, generate carbon monoxide, and release reaction heat.Blast furnace sinter flue gas replaces freezing air ironmaking, and in sinter fume, latent heat utilization effect is 6.95X10
8j per minute, the Sulfur Content in Hot Iron content of blast fumance increases 0.02wt% than the molten steel sulfur content adopting air to produce, and this part sulphur can be removed easily in follow-up hot metal pretreatment, and the cost of increase is very little; In molten iron, nitrogen is less than 0.01wt%, meets the requirements; In slag, sulphur content increases 0.27wt%, and the impact that the increase of this part sulphur uses slag is not obvious; In blast furnace gas, content of sulfur dioxide is less than 100mg/m
3, amount of nitrogen oxides is less than 300mg/m
3, content of dioxin is less than 0.5ng-TEQ/m
3.
Embodiment 3
Sinter fume is by after bag-type dust, and temperature is 200 DEG C, after main exhauster, sends into hotblast stove by gas pipe line, and flow is 3000 cubic meters per minute, and air substitution rate is 60%, wherein SO
2content 3000mg/m
3, nitrous oxides concentration 600mg/m
3; In hotblast stove, be heated to 1250 DEG C, blast blast furnace by gas blower by blast-furnace tuyere; In blast furnace, sinter fume and blast furnace burden generation chemical reaction, sulfurous gas is reduced and enters molten iron and slag, and oxynitride is reduced and enters molten iron and blast furnace gas, and dioxin and furans are at pyrolytic decomposition, in carbonic acid gas and blast furnace, carbon reacts, generate carbon monoxide, become reductive agent or enter blast furnace gas, oxygen and carbon react, generate carbon monoxide, and release reaction heat.Blast furnace sinter flue gas replaces freezing air ironmaking, and in sinter fume, latent heat utilization effect is 6.29X10
8j per minute, the Sulfur Content in Hot Iron content of blast fumance increases 0.022wt% than the molten steel sulfur content adopting air to produce, and this part sulphur can be removed easily in follow-up hot metal pretreatment, and the cost of increase is very little; In molten iron, nitrogen is less than 0.01wt%, meets the requirements; In slag, sulphur content increases 0.3wt%, and the impact that the increase of this part sulphur uses slag is not obvious; In blast furnace gas, content of sulfur dioxide is less than 100mg/m
3, amount of nitrogen oxides is less than 300mg/m
3, content of dioxin is less than 0.5ng-TEQ/m
3.
Embodiment 4
Sinter fume is by after bag-type dust, and temperature is 200 DEG C, after main exhauster, sends into hotblast stove by gas pipe line, and flow is 1500 cubic meters per minute, and air substitution rate is 30%, wherein SO
2content 3000mg/m
3, nitrous oxides concentration 600mg/m
3; In hotblast stove, be heated to 1250 DEG C, blast blast furnace by gas blower by blast-furnace tuyere; In blast furnace, sinter fume and blast furnace burden generation chemical reaction, sulfurous gas is reduced and enters molten iron and slag, and oxynitride is reduced and enters molten iron and blast furnace gas, and dioxin and furans are at pyrolytic decomposition, in carbonic acid gas and blast furnace, carbon reacts, generate carbon monoxide, become reductive agent or enter blast furnace gas, oxygen and carbon react, generate carbon monoxide, and release reaction heat.Blast furnace sinter flue gas replaces freezing air ironmaking, and in sinter fume, latent heat utilization effect is 3.15X10
8j per minute, the Sulfur Content in Hot Iron content of blast fumance increases 0.011wt% than the molten steel sulfur content adopting air to produce, and this part sulphur can be removed easily in follow-up hot metal pretreatment, and the cost of increase is very little; In molten iron, nitrogen is less than 0.01wt%, meets the requirements; In slag, sulphur content increases 0.15wt%, and the impact that the increase of this part sulphur uses slag is not obvious; In blast furnace gas, content of sulfur dioxide is less than 100mg/m
3, amount of nitrogen oxides is less than 300mg/m
3, content of dioxin is less than 0.5ng-TEQ/m
3.
Above-mentioned embodiment is exemplary illustration principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention, any person skilled in the art scholar all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, can modify above-mentioned embodiment or change.Therefore, such as have in art usually know the knowledgeable do not depart from complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought all equivalence modify or change, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a sinter fume disposal and utilization method, is characterized in that, the method adopts blast furnace ironmaking process to carry out disposal and utilization to flue gas, is heated, by flue gas heating to 1000 DEG C-1400 DEG C by hotblast stove to the sinter fume after dedusting; By blast-furnace tuyere, by the flue gas after heating, be blown into blast furnace, replace air to carry out ironmaking production; By the high temperature in blast furnace and strong reductive condition, desulphurization and denitration, Tuo dioxin and treatment of furans are carried out to sinter fume; Oxygen, carbonic acid gas and carbon monoxide in the sensible heat of flue gas, flue gas are utilized in ironmaking production.
2. sinter fume disposal and utilization method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
Step 1: first carry out dust removal process to sinter fume, will be attached with the particulate solid removing of basic oxide, and make to be attached with basic oxide solid dust content in sinter fume and be less than 200mg/m in flue gas
3, the flue gas after sinter fume dedusting, imports hotblast stove by main exhauster by the sinter fume after dedusting, preheats, be heated to sinter fume temperature and reach 1000 DEG C-1400 DEG C the sinter fume after dedusting;
Step 2: the sinter fume after step 1 preheating is sent in blast furnace by blast furnace air supply system, in blast furnace, furnace charge generation chemical reaction in sinter fume and blast furnace, and oxygen, carbonic acid gas and the carbon monoxide in sinter fume is utilized in blast furnace ironmaking is produced; Sulfur dioxide in sintering flue gas, oxynitride, dioxin and furans are processed simultaneously, and the gaseous product of formation, i.e. blast furnace gas, in described blast furnace gas, content of sulfur dioxide is less than 100mg/m
3, amount of nitrogen oxides is less than 300mg/m
3, content of dioxin is less than 0.5ng-TEQ/m
3; Wherein, sinter fume is sent into ratio and is accounted for the 30-100% of blast furnace blast amount, and air or oxygen enrichment or oxygen send into the 0-70% that ratio accounts for blast furnace blast amount.
3. sinter fume disposal and utilization method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 2: in blast furnace, described sulfur dioxide in sintering flue gas is entered molten iron by carbon reduction in molten iron, and reacted by slag steel subsequently, major part enters slag; Also have part by solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction, and by continuous in blast furnace CaO, Fe of decline and the oxides adsorb of iron, enter molten iron and slag.
4. sinter fume disposal and utilization method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 2: in blast furnace, the oxynitride in described sinter fume is entered molten iron by carbon reduction in molten iron; Also have part by solid carbon in blast furnace and Carbon monoxide reduction, be converted into nitrogen, finally enter blast furnace gas.
5. sinter fume disposal and utilization method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described step 2: in described sinter fume, dioxin and furans are under blast furnace hot environment, by the reaction with iron liquid, slag and furnace charge in blast furnace, all be decomposed and absorb, and molten steel quality is not affected.
6. sinter fume disposal and utilization method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 2: the CO in described sinter fume is as reductive agent, and iron ore in reduction blast furnace, unreacted CO then forms blast furnace gas, is recovered utilization.
7. sinter fume disposal and utilization method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 2: the carbon dioxide and oxygen in described sinter fume, as oxygenant, react with coke in blast furnace and solid carbon, form CO, become reducing gas in blast furnace; In this approach, in sinter fume, carbonic acid gas is captured and utilizes, and avoids the discharge of carbonic acid gas in sinter fume.
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