CN104942271B - Beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
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- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 196
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beryllium oxide Chemical compound O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the sequential steps of manufacturing beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots, performing hot-pressing preforming on the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots and performing hot-rolling forming on beryllium-aluminum alloy ingot blanks so that the beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet can be obtained. In the step of manufacturing the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots, near-liquidus electromagnetic casting is adopted for manufacturing the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots. The manufacturing method is a composite processing method combining near-liquidus electromagnetic casting, solid-state hot-pressing preforming and precision rolling. Near-liquidus electromagnetic casting is adopted in the step of manufacturing the beryllium-aluminum alloy cast ingots, formation of small and uniform non-dendritic structures is facilitated, and refining of alloy as-cast structures of beryllium-aluminum alloy is facilitated. Alloy dendritic structures of the cast ingots are further fragmented through hot-pressing performing, and the plastic deformation capacity of the alloy is improved. Finally, the sheet of the required thickness is obtained through a precision rolling method, and both the mechanical property and the composition of the produced beryllium-aluminum alloy sheet meet the requirements.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to technical field of alloy and its processing, more particularly, it relates to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy plate
Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy combines the high elastic modulus of metallic beryllium and the high tenacity of metallic aluminium and workability, is a kind of only
Special lightweight (low 25%) of density ratio aluminum, rigidity (specific stiffness be aluminum, titanium, iron and steel, 4 times of magnesium), high damping and high stability
(material of thermal coefficient of expansion 50%) lower than aluminum is it is considered to be " important material from laboratory to engineer applied for the 21st century
Material ", is had broad application prospects with aerospace field in national defence.
The production technology of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy mainly has three kinds: powder metallurgy, casting and forging (squeezing) pressing formation.Different Preparation
Prepared alloy structure has significant difference, leads to the performance of alloy different.The tensile strength of cast alloy is minimum,
Forging and stamping state beryllium alumin(i)um alloy has more preferable mechanical property than casting alloy, and tensile strength and elongation percentage are all improved largely.Powder
The intensity of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy of last metallurgy method preparation also has clear improvement, and the mechanics of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy through isostatic cool pressing/extruding
Performance will be substantially better than high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) state beryllium alumin(i)um alloy.It can be seen that, have more excellent through the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy of plastic deformation processing
Mechanical property.
At present, the method preparing beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material mainly has two kinds.First method is initially with powder isostatic pressed
Method prepares blank, adopts pressing method to shape afterwards, is finally rolled into sheet material.The main flow of powder metallurgic method includes:
Within the temperature range of 1350 to about 1450 DEG C, in having ceramic-lined fire-clay crucible, vacuum is carried out to the parent material of aluminum and beryllium
Melting, the aluminum-beryllium melt of order liquefaction pours out into a liquor stream via fireclay nozzle, is then cut by the inert gas of high velocity jet
Hand over, inert gas make liquor stream fragment into trickle drop, then drop solidify to form prefabricated alloy powder, the prefabricated conjunction of composition
Bronze end has very trickle dendroid microstructure and particle diameter is about 3～5 μm, and particle size has to the intensity of final products
Material impact.Prealloy powder is depressed into about the 80% of solid density through isostatic cool pressing, then shapes through high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), after through squeezing into
One step improves density, and extrusion temperature is usually 370～510 DEG C.It is rolled into sheet material after the bar that is squeezed into is cleaved, squeeze during making sheet
Pressure bar should clad in steel bushing or copper sheathing.The beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the method preparation has isotropic characteristics, but produces into
This is very expensive.
Second method is traditional ingot casting pouring operation and roll forming.The beryllium alumin(i)um alloy of melting is poured into graphite die cavity
In, obtain solid ingot after cooling, carry out after the superficial oxidation skin removing ingot casting rolling i.e. acquisition beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.Due to
There is very thick columnar dendrite beryllium phase, its degree of anisotropy is very serious and plasticity becomes in routine casting beryllium alumin(i)um alloy matrix
Shape poor ability, plate rolling process is more difficult.
In addition to both the above method, the nineties in last century, Bo Laxi-Weir Man also developed another kind and is used for beryllium
Near-net-shape technology-the semi-solid state forming technique of aluminium alloy.The innovation of this technology is using atomization or mechanical activation comminution
Beryllium powder is mixed by method with solid granulates or liquidus curve aluminium phase, beryllium is not melted, and does not carry out the stirring of molten state aluminum beryllium alloy, also no
Shearing force need to be introduced.Wherein, the preparation flow of semisolid beryllium alumin(i)um alloy slurry is as follows: initially with atomization or mechanical crushing method
Prepare beryllium powder and aluminium powder；Afterwards aluminum and beryllium powder are pressed component to mix；It is being approximately higher than melting aluminum group at a temperature of the solidus of aluminum
Point, produce solid-state beryllium and be scattered in the semi solid slurry in liquid aluminium；Finally pour into a mould this semi solid slurry in situ, half preparing
Solid-state beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank can be become further by closed die forging, semisolid forging and semisolid molding
Shape, or carry out rolling acquisition beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.Although this method is the most economical, in practical operation, beryllium is difficult with aluminum
With mix homogeneously, it is difficult to carry out large-scale production, therefore the method industrialization prospect allows of no optimist.
For this reason, it may be necessary to provide beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of taking into account with practicality of a kind of economy and preparation method thereof.
Content of the invention
For problems of the prior art and deficiency, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of economy and practicality
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material taken into account and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method, described
Preparation method includes the preparation of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preforming and the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank heat carrying out successively
Roll into type and obtain described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material, wherein, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process adopts near liquidus electricity
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting is prepared in magnetic casting.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to the present invention, described near liquidus electromagnetic casting bag
Include following steps:
(a) dispensing: at least prepare the ingot of ingot, block or powder and aluminum or aluminum alloy, block or the powder of beryllium；
(b) melting: the raw material of preparation is put into and is placed in melting in resistance furnace in aluminium oxide or beryllia crucible, control
Smelting temperature is 1250～1350 DEG C of simultaneously melting 5～20 minutes, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt；
C () near liquidus are incubated: described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt is incubated 10～20 minutes at 1145～1155 DEG C；
D () is cast: by the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt cast after insulation to mould, open electromagnetic field, control input electricity simultaneously
Flow for 50～150a and stirring frequency is 5～50hz, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to the present invention, described melting step, near liquidus
Incubation step and casting step are to carry out under vacuum and in non-reactive, wherein, described non-reactive
For argon, helium or nitrogen.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to the present invention, described mould is to have aluminium oxide to apply
The graphite jig of layer, and before casting, described mould is preheated to 500～700 DEG C.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to the present invention, described electromagnetic field is alternation rotary magnetic
Field, travelling-magnetic-field or alternation rotation and traveling wave resultant field.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to the present invention, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing is pre-
Molding comprises the following steps:
A () removes the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank；
B () heats described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 350～600 DEG C；
C described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank is transferred to forging press and carries out hot pressing by (), control deformation rate to be 30～60%, obtain beryllium
Aluminum alloy holding poles.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to the present invention, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is rolled into
Type comprises the following steps:
A beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank that the described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preforming of () heating prepares is to 350～600 DEG C；
B described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling by (), control single pass deformation rate to be 10～15%；
C () carries out multi- pass rolling according to step (a) and (b), until obtaining the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of desired thickness.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to the present invention, controls the rolling side of continuous two passages
To for contrary.
Another aspect provides a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material, using above-mentioned beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method
Prepare, wherein, the thickness of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is 1～5mm and beryllium content is 62～68wt%.
One embodiment of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material according to the present invention, the room temperature tensile intensity of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy >=
260mpa and elongation percentage >=3%.
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention is by near liquidus electromagnetic casting, solid-state hot pressing preform and precision
Roll the combined machining method combining, it adopts near liquidus electromagnetic casting in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process, favorably
In tiny, the uniform non-dendritic structure of formation, and be conducive to refining the As-cast Microstructure of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, and utilize hot pressing
The alloy branch crystal that preform processes further fragmentation ingot casting is organized and is improved alloy plastic deformation's ability, finally adopts precision rolling
Method prepares the sheet material of desired thickness, and the mechanical property of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material being produced and composition all meet the requirements.
Brief description
Fig. 1 shows the microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparing in example 2.
Fig. 2 shows the microstructure photo of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank after hot pressing cogging in example 2.
Fig. 3 shows the microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material preparing in example 2.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, will be explained in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the present invention and preparation method thereof.
Because electromagnetic casting can significantly improve the surface quality of ingot casting, suppress solute element segregation, refinement microstructure simultaneously
The mechanical performance of improving product, so be widely used in the casting of steel and other alloys.The nearly liquid phase that developed recently gets up
Line casting is also that the equiaxed grain structure obtaining fine uniform provides simpler, effective and economic method, due to alloy
Melt temperature is low and almost without overheated, can form equally distributed nucleus in a large number, be conducive to tiny, equal when therefore pouring into a mould in melt
Even, isometry non-dendritic structure is formed.
Electromagnetic casting is innovatively applied to preparing and selecting suitable preparation parameter of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy by the present invention, using near
Near liquidus holding simultaneously applies electromagnetic field, thus forming tiny, uniform non-dendritic structure and refining in the process of setting of alloy
The As-cast Microstructure of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, for the follow-up processing offer ingot casting that cost is lower and quality is more excellent.And, the present invention is also
Organize and improve alloy plastic deformation's ability using the alloy branch crystal that hot pressing preform processes further fragmentation ingot casting, finally adopt
Precision rolling method prepares the sheet material of desired thickness.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method includes the aluminizing carrying out successively
Alloy cast ingot preparation, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preforming and beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank hot-roll forming simultaneously obtain described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy plate
Material, wherein, prepares beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting using near liquidus electromagnetic casting in described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process.
Wherein, heretofore described near liquidus electromagnetic casting refer to alloy melt that melting is obtained wherein certain
After held for some time within the temperature range of the near liquidus of metal, more constantly apply electricity in the process of setting of alloy melt
Magnetic field is until solidification obtains the casting technique of ingot casting.
For the present invention, the temperature range in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy near liquidus for the alloy melt of beryllium and aluminum can be comprised
Inside it is incubated, for example, the temperature of liquidus curve is 1150 DEG C, then the present invention is chosen for carrying out in the range of 1145～1155 DEG C
Insulation.Holding above the liquidus are to prepare a kind of simple possible of semi-solid melt, method with low cost, are also to obtain carefully
Little, non-dendritic structure effective ways.According to transient nucleation theory, the source of nucleus is the little mistake in slightly below liquidus temperature
Generate in the lower transient state of cold degree.Near liquidus temperature, the key condition of forming core is to obtain and very little the consolidating of nucleus angle of wetting
Phase substrate, quasi- solid phase elementide is because having good " moistening " effect to become the main source of nucleus core with nucleus.Melt
Temperature field obtains uniformity coefficient and the quantity that uniformity coefficient directly influences melt quasi- solid phase elementide, more uniform more be conducive to melting
The uniform forming core of body.When melt temperature is slightly below liquidus temperature, under less degree of supercooling and uniform temperature, accurate solid in a large number
Phase elementide develops into free crystalline substance, and is distributed evenly in melt, is conducive to the formation of nucleus, thus realizing crystal grain
Refinement.
According to the present invention, described near liquidus electromagnetic casting may comprise steps of:
First, carry out dispensing.In dispensing, at least prepare the ingot of ingot, block or powder and aluminum or aluminum alloy of beryllium, block or
Powder, namely the present invention do not carry out concrete restriction to the raw material form and type of beryllium and aluminum, if dispensing can meet finally required
Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy content requirement.Preferably, ensure during dispensing the beryllium content in the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy for preparing be 62～
68wt%.
Then, carry out melting.The raw material being prepared during by dispensing is put in aluminium oxide or beryllia crucible and is placed in electricity
Melting in resistance stove, controls smelting temperature to be 1250～1350 DEG C of simultaneously melting 5～20 minutes, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt.
Afterwards, carry out near liquidus insulation.The beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt of melting gained is incubated at 1145～1155 DEG C 10
～20 minutes.Temperature retention time has considerable influence to grain form and size, the temperature certain time near liquidus curve,
Can ensure that solutes accumulation and conduction of heat have the sufficient time, so that the solute in solid-liquid interface forward position and temperature are uniformly divided
Cloth, for nucleus growth granulate tissue provide favourable conditions.But when temperature retention time is long, the nucleus in aluminium alloy is in warm-up movement
During mutually collide, be bonded together the crystal grain becoming thick, thus promoting the roughening of crystal grain in solidified structure.Therefore, originally
Temperature retention time is set to 10～20 minutes conveniently by invention.
Finally, cast.By the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt cast after insulation to mould, open electromagnetic field simultaneously, control
Input current is 50～150a and stirring frequency is 5～50hz, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.Wherein, the electromagnetic field being used can
Think alternate rotary magnetic field, travelling-magnetic-field or alternation rotation and traveling wave resultant field.
Preferably, used in above-mentioned casting step, mould is the graphite jig with aluminum oxide coating layer, and in casting
Front mould is preheated to 500～700 DEG C.Because graphite is easily worked and with low cost, its thermal conductivity and steel are more or less the same, and are applying
Can be used repeatedly under the protective effect of layer, what therefore the present invention selected is graphite jig.Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is at high temperature very
Vivaciously, be there is the tendency reacted with most of heat proof materials, especially easily reaction generates al at high temperature for aluminum and carbon4c3Chemical combination
Using coating, mould must be protected during the cast of thing, therefore beryllium alumin(i)um alloy high temperature.Beryllium alumin(i)um alloy has very strong hot tearing and inclines
To if larger fluctuation in Temperature Field in Melt during solidification, by solidification stress very big for generation, thus lead to foundry goods to produce splitting
Stricture of vagina, in order to avoid hot tearing needs mould is suitably preheated, on the premise of ensureing rate of cooling, when making melt solidify
Temperature field keep relatively uniform.
And, above-mentioned melting step, near liquidus incubation step and casting step are all to carry out under vacuum, and
Carry out all in non-reactive.Wherein, above-mentioned non-reactive can be the atmosphere such as argon, helium or nitrogen.Ability
Field technique personnel can adjust vacuum according to demand and select concrete atmosphere.
After preparing beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, need to carry out hot pressing preforming to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, specifically include
Following steps:
First the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting is removed, the mode for example with turning removes, and obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy
Blank.
Heat the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank of gained again to 350～600 DEG C to carry out hot pressing preforming.
Finally the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank after heating is transferred to forging press and carries out hot pressing, control deformation rate to be 30～60%,
Obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank.
Because the as-cast structure of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is very thick, there is more serious microporosity (formation of crack) simultaneously, this leads
Cause the heat deformability of alloy poor, and be also easy to produce through crackle in the operation of rolling, thus leading to ingot blank to be scrapped.In order to
The plastic deformation ability improving beryllium alumin(i)um alloy is it is necessary to carry out pretreatment to alloy structure before the rolling, after hot pressing preforming
Alloy structure will crush, refine so that microporosity closes, and the elimination of crystal grain refinement and defect will improve the plasticity of material
And put forward heavy alloyed deformability.
After preparing beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank, need to carry out hot-roll forming to beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank, specifically include with
Lower step:
First heating beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is to 350～600 DEG C.
Again beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling, control single pass deformation rate to be 10～15%.
Carry out multi- pass rolling according to above step, until obtaining the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of desired thickness.Preferably, it is
Reduction anisotropic degree, the rolling direction controlling continuous two passages is contrary.
The beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the present invention is then prepared using above-mentioned beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method.
Preferably, the thickness of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is 1～5mm and beryllium content is 62～68wt%.And, obtained beryllium
Room temperature tensile intensity >=the 260mpa of aluminium alloy and elongation percentage >=3%.
Below, the present invention is specifically described by the example below further.
Example 1:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) dispensing, weighs metallic beryllium block 1.24kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.76kg；The raw material preparing is put into aluminium oxide earthenware
It is placed in melting in resistance furnace in crucible, control smelting temperature to be 1300 DEG C of simultaneously melting 15 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt is cooled to 1145 DEG C and is incubated 10min.
(3) by quick for the alloy melt after insulation, be smoothly poured into warmed-up be 600 DEG C there is aluminum oxide coating layer
In graphite jig, open alternate rotary magnetic field, control input electric current is 100a and stirring frequency is 10hz simultaneously, obtain aluminizing and close
Golden ingot casting.
(4) adopt the surface scale of the method removal beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting of turning, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 600 DEG C.
(6) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank is transferred to forging press and carries out hot pressing, control deformation rate to be 30%, obtain aluminizing and close
Ingot base.
(7) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 600 DEG C.
(8) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling, control single pass deformation rate to be 10%.Roll every time
After system, plate will be rolled it will be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 600 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes；
(9) through 13 passes, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.
The be of 62wt% is comprised in the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of this example preparation.Sheet metal thickness is 5mm, at room temperature average
Tensile strength is 276mpa and elongation percentage >=3.2%.
Example 2:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) dispensing, weighs metallic beryllium block 1.24kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.76kg；The raw material preparing is put into aluminium oxide earthenware
It is placed in melting in resistance furnace in crucible, control smelting temperature to be 1280 DEG C of simultaneously melting 10 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt is cooled to 1148 DEG C and is incubated 15min.
(3) by quick for the alloy melt after insulation, be smoothly poured into warmed-up be 500 DEG C there is aluminum oxide coating layer
In graphite jig, open alternation rotary electromagnetic field, control input electric current is 80a and stirring frequency is 15hz, obtains aluminizing simultaneously
Alloy cast ingot.
(4) adopt the surface scale of the method removal beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting of turning, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 380 DEG C.
(6) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank is transferred to forging press and carries out hot pressing, control deformation rate to be 50%, obtain aluminizing and close
Ingot base.
(7) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 400 DEG C.
(8) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling, control single pass deformation rate to be 15%.Roll every time
After system, plate will be rolled it will be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 400 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes；
(9) through 10 passes, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.
The be of 62wt% is comprised in the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of this example preparation.Sheet metal thickness is 5mm, at room temperature average
Tensile strength is 289mpa and elongation percentage >=3.5%.
The microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting that this example is obtained is as shown in Figure 1 it can be seen that near liquidus are incubated
With the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy of electromagnetic casting method preparation, the common thick columnar dendrite of as cast condition beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, average crystal grain do not occur
Size is about 250 μm.
After hot pressing cogging in this example, the microstructure of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is as shown in Figure 2 it can be seen that alloy is through overheated
After compression, dendrite occurs to crush, and crystal grain is refined, and this is conducive to intercrystalline compatible deformation.
The microstructure photo of the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material that this example is obtained as shown in figure 3, after the hot rolling of multi-pass, beryllium
Aluminum alloy organization significantly refines, and crystallite dimension is more uniform, the phenomenon of crystal grain lengthening deformation in a certain direction, says
The beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of bright rolling has preferable tissue isotropic characteristics.
Example 3:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) dispensing, weighs metallic beryllium block 1.55kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.95kg；The raw material preparing is put into beryllium oxide earthenware
It is placed in melting in resistance furnace in crucible, control smelting temperature to be 1300 DEG C of simultaneously melting 18 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt is cooled to 1150 DEG C and is incubated 18min.
(3) by quick for the alloy melt after insulation, be smoothly poured into warmed-up be 550 DEG C there is aluminum oxide coating layer
In graphite jig, open travelling-magnetic-field, control input electric current is 100a and stirring frequency is 30hz simultaneously, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy casting
Ingot.
(4) adopt the surface scale of the method removal beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting of turning, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 500 DEG C.
(6) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank is transferred to forging press and carries out hot pressing, control deformation rate to be 40%, obtain aluminizing and close
Ingot base.
(7) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 550 DEG C.
(8) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling, control single pass deformation rate to be 13%.Roll every time
After system, plate will be rolled it will be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 550 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes；
(9) through 13 passes, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.
The be of 65wt% is comprised in the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of this example preparation.Sheet metal thickness is 3mm, at room temperature average
Tensile strength is 320mpa and elongation percentage >=3.0%.
Example 4:
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) dispensing, weighs metallic beryllium block 1.55kg and metal aluminium ingot 0.95kg；The raw material preparing is put into beryllium oxide earthenware
It is placed in melting in resistance furnace in crucible, control smelting temperature to be 1250 DEG C of simultaneously melting 10 minutes, obtain alloy melt.
(2) alloy melt is cooled to 1154 DEG C and is incubated 15min.
(3) by quick for the alloy melt after insulation, be smoothly poured in the graphite jig with aluminum oxide coating layer, simultaneously
Open alternation rotation+traveling wave composite electromagnetic field, control input electric current is 120a and stirring frequency is 20hz, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy casting
Ingot.
(4) adopt the surface scale of the method removal beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting of turning, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank.
(5) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 450 DEG C.
(6) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank is transferred to forging press and carries out hot pressing, control deformation rate to be 40%, obtain aluminizing and close
Ingot base.
(7) heat beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank in chamber type electric resistance furnace to 450 DEG C.
(8) quickly beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling, control single pass deformation rate to be 10%.Roll every time
After system, plate will be rolled it will be transferred in chamber type electric resistance furnace and be heated to 450 DEG C and be incubated 10min, then carry out next passes；
(9) through 15 passes, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material.
The be of 65wt% is comprised in the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of this example preparation.Sheet metal thickness is 2mm, at room temperature average
Tensile strength is 289mpa and elongation percentage >=3.3%.
In sum, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method of the present invention is will be pre- near liquidus electromagnetic casting, solid-state hot pressing
Shape the combined machining method combining with precision rolling, it adopts near liquidus electromagnetism in beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process
Casting, advantageously forms tiny, uniform non-dendritic structure, and is conducive to refining the As-cast Microstructure of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy, and
And organize and improve alloy plastic deformation's ability using the alloy branch crystal that hot pressing preform processes further fragmentation ingot casting, finally adopt
Prepare the sheet material of desired thickness with precision rolling method, the mechanical property of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material being produced and composition all accord with
Close and require..
Although describing beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of the present invention and preparation method thereof already in connection with exemplary embodiment above,
It is it should be clear to those skilled in the art that in the case of without departing from spirit and scope by the claims, can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment carries out various modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method is it is characterised in that the aluminizing that described preparation method includes carrying out successively closes
Golden ingot casting preparation, beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preforming and beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank hot-roll forming simultaneously obtain described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy plate
Material, wherein, prepares beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting using near liquidus electromagnetic casting in described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting preparation process, described
Near liquidus electromagnetic casting refers to the alloy melt that obtains melting wherein within the temperature range of the near liquidus of certain metal
After held for some time, more constantly apply electromagnetic field in the process of setting of alloy melt until solidification obtains the casting of ingot casting
Technique.
2. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described near liquidus electromagnetism is cast
Make and comprise the following steps:
(a) dispensing: at least prepare the ingot of ingot, block or powder and aluminum or aluminum alloy, block or the powder of beryllium；
(b) melting: the raw material of preparation is put into and is placed in melting in resistance furnace in aluminium oxide or beryllia crucible, control melting
Temperature is 1250～1350 DEG C of simultaneously melting 5～20 minutes, obtains beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt；
C () near liquidus are incubated: described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt is incubated 10～20 minutes at 1145～1155 DEG C；
D () is cast: by the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy melt cast after insulation to mould, open electromagnetic field, control input electric current is simultaneously
50～150a and stirring frequency are 5～50hz, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting.
3. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described melting step, nearly liquid
Phase line incubation step and casting step are to carry out under vacuum and in non-reactive, wherein, described non-reacted
Atmosphere is argon, helium or nitrogen.
4. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described mould is to have oxidation
The graphite jig of aluminized coating, and before casting, described mould is preheated to 500～700 DEG C.
5. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described electromagnetic field revolves for alternation
Turn magnetic field, travelling-magnetic-field or alternation rotation and traveling wave resultant field.
6. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting is warm
Pressure preforming comprises the following steps:
A () removes the surface scale of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting, obtain beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank；
B () heats described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank to 350～600 DEG C；
C described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy blank is transferred to forging press and carries out hot pressing by (), control deformation rate to be 30～60%, obtains aluminizing and closes
Ingot base.
7. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is warm
The type of rolling into comprises the following steps:
A beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank that the described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot casting hot pressing preforming of () heating prepares is to 350～600 DEG C；
B described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy ingot blank is transferred to milling train and carries out hot rolling by (), control single pass deformation rate to be 10～15%；
C () carries out multi- pass rolling according to step (a) and (b), until obtaining the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material of desired thickness.
8. according to the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy preparation of plates method described in claim 7 it is characterised in that controlling the rolling of continuous two passages
Direction is contrary.
9. a kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is it is characterised in that adopt the beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material any one of claim 1 to 8
Preparation method prepare, wherein, the thickness of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material is 1～5mm and beryllium content is 62～68wt%.
10. beryllium alumin(i)um alloy sheet material according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that the room temperature tensile intensity of described beryllium alumin(i)um alloy
>=260mpa and elongation percentage >=3%.
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| CN107354332A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-17 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) liquid-phase sintering preparation method of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy |
| CN108359820A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-03 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of preparation method and products thereof of Ultra-fine Grained beryllium alumin(i)um alloy |
| CN109023186A (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2018-12-18 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院宁夏有限公司 | A method of improving casting beryllium alumin(i)um alloy elongation percentage |
| CN109881033B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-03-16 | 山东滨州华创金属有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy wire rod with beryllium content of 0.1-5% |
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