CN104920155A - Cultivating method for pecans - Google Patents
Cultivating method for pecans Download PDFInfo
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- CN104920155A CN104920155A CN201510366360.8A CN201510366360A CN104920155A CN 104920155 A CN104920155 A CN 104920155A CN 201510366360 A CN201510366360 A CN 201510366360A CN 104920155 A CN104920155 A CN 104920155A
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- grafting
- bud
- rootstock
- management
- apocarya
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a cultivating method for pecans, comprising the following steps of: (1) cultivation of rootstock seedlings; (2) management of the rootstock seedlings before grafting; (3) grafting time: grafting is performed when the daily average temperature is 25-30 DEG C and before the rainy season comes; (4) the grafting method: collecting thriving ligneous or semi-ligneous branches born in the current year as scion branches, removing compound leaves, keeping petioles which are 2-3 cm long, and soaking the petioles in water for 6-12 h; transversely cutting the upper and lower parts of a grafting bud, and vertically cutting the two sides of the grafting bud, so that the transverse cuttings are connected to the vertical cuttings, and the bud slice is slightly peeled; selecting a smooth surface 12-17 cm above the ground on the rootstock, peeling a piece of bark as large as the bud slice off the rootstock by using the same method, rapidly attaching the grafting bud to the place where the bark is peeled off, binding the grafting bud and the rootstock tight from bottom to top with a plastic strip, keeping 1-3 leaves above the connecting part on the rootstock and performing pruning, and removing all the leaves below the connecting part; and (5) management of grafted seedlings. The cultivating method increases the germination rate of pecans; and in addition, the grafted seedlings are high in survival rate, strong in growth potential and high in seedling rate, and the seedlings grow in an orderly and consistent manner and have developed root systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, be specifically related to a kind of apocarya breeding method.
Background technology
Walnut is important dry fruit tree variety, and it is of high nutritive value, and has very high medical treatment and health-care effect, and supply falls short of demand for its dry fruit or processed goods, is subject to liking of people for a long time.Apocarya (Caryaillinoinensis (Wangenh.) K.Koch) pecan tree just by name.Trunk end is straight, tree crown is near extensively avette, well developed root system, water-fast wet, can isolated planting, group planting in lakeside, lawn etc., should shade tree be done, street tree, also be suitable for river alongshore and flat area afforestation, be good township afforestation seeds and fruit material dual-purpose seeds, economic forest large stretch ofly can be built in two sides, the Changjiang river, Jiangsu Province.Kernel is edible, and delicious oil expression is edible; Material is tough and tensile, is excellent military project material.Plant benevolence oil content and reach more than 70%.Because its seed germination rate is low, seedling growth is slow, so that nursery difficulty, have impact on its popularizing planting in China.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the present invention proposes a kind of apocarya breeding method, this breeding method improves the germination rate of apocarya, and grafting has features such as survival rate is high, growth potential is strong, planting percent is high, seedling growth neat and consistent, well developed root system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of apocarya breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated: sowed on nursery lot spring by apocarya seed, seed breaks after bud is emerged and carries out seedling management;
(2) rootstock seedling management before grafting: final singling during height of seedling 5cm, removes unnecessary rudiment, pinching during height of seedling 20cm, increases rugosity;
(3) grafting time: daily mean temperature reaches 25-30 DEG C, carries out before rainy season set; Because it is 25-30 DEG C that walnut produces callus optimal temperature, and connects chance rain survival rate rear 3d in and obviously reduce;
(4) grafting method: the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 2-3cm to come into leaves handle, immersion 6-12h; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently; In stock distance, 12-17cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from bottom to top sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(5) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; 35-30d removes bondage thing, and grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Further, (1) apocarya planting seed front use 300mg/LN-dimethylamino succinamide, 150mg/L gibberellin and 50mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution soak 30-60min to described step.
Further, described step is bud length of a film 2-3cm (4), wide 1-2cm.
Further, described step (5) water and fertilizer management is specially: after grafting survival, does not apply fertilizer in two weeks; When scion young sprout grows to more than 18cm, topdress, topdress in vegetative period the 3 times: 1st, 2 time, applying fertilizer is instant nitrogenousfertilizer; At the beginning of 8 months, use phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 3rd time; Blade spraying mass concentration is urea or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% simultaneously, and every 6 days once.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, soak 30-60min with 300mg/LN-dimethylamino succinamide, 150mg/L gibberellin and 50mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution before apocarya planting seed, effectively improve the germination rate of apocarya seed, germination rate reaches 65%.
2, adopt apocarya maternal as rootstock seedling, and adopt square budding method, and limit the water and fertilizer management after grafting, effectively improve the survival rate of grafting, survival rate is to 90-95%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of apocarya breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated: sowed on nursery lot spring by apocarya seed, and soaks 30min with 300mg/LN-dimethylamino succinamide, 150mg/L gibberellin and 50mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution before sowing, seed breaks after bud is emerged and carries out seedling management; Germination rate reaches 65.36%;
(2) rootstock seedling management before grafting: final singling during height of seedling 5cm, removes unnecessary rudiment, pinching during height of seedling 20cm, increases rugosity;
(3) grafting time: daily mean temperature reaches 25-30 DEG C, carries out before rainy season set, early July;
(4) grafting method: the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 2cm to come into leaves handle, immersion 6h; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently, bud length of a film 2cm, wide 1cm; In stock distance, 12cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from bottom to top sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(5) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; 35-30d removes bondage thing, and grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.Water and fertilizer management is specially: after grafting survival, does not apply fertilizer in two weeks; When scion young sprout grows to more than 18cm, topdress, topdress in vegetative period the 3 times: 1st, 2 time, applying fertilizer is instant nitrogenousfertilizer; At the beginning of 8 months, use phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 3rd time; Blade spraying mass concentration is urea or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% simultaneously, and every 6 days once.Grafting survival rate is to 92%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of apocarya breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated: sowed on nursery lot spring by apocarya seed, and soaks 30min with 300mg/LN-dimethylamino succinamide, 150mg/L gibberellin and 50mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution before sowing, seed breaks after bud is emerged and carries out seedling management; Germination rate reaches 66.12%;
(2) rootstock seedling management before grafting: final singling during height of seedling 5cm, removes unnecessary rudiment, pinching during height of seedling 20cm, increases rugosity;
(3) grafting time: daily mean temperature reaches 25-30 DEG C, carries out before rainy season set, mid-June;
(4) grafting method: the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 3cm to come into leaves handle, immersion 12h; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently, bud length of a film 3cm, wide 2cm; In stock distance, 17cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from bottom to top sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(5) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; 35-30d removes bondage thing, and grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.Water and fertilizer management is specially: after grafting survival, does not apply fertilizer in two weeks; When scion young sprout grows to more than 18cm, topdress, topdress in vegetative period the 3 times: 1st, 2 time, applying fertilizer is instant nitrogenousfertilizer; At the beginning of 8 months, use phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 3rd time; Blade spraying mass concentration is urea or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% simultaneously, and every 6 days once.Grafting survival rate is to 95%.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an apocarya breeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) rootstock seedling is cultivated: sowed on nursery lot spring by apocarya seed, seed breaks after bud is emerged and carries out seedling management;
(2) rootstock seedling management before grafting: final singling during height of seedling 5cm, removes unnecessary rudiment, pinching during height of seedling 20cm, increases rugosity;
(3) grafting time: daily mean temperature reaches 25-30 DEG C, carries out before rainy season set;
(4) grafting method: the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 2-3cm to come into leaves handle, immersion 6-12h; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently; In stock distance, 12-17cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from bottom to top sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(5) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; 35-30d removes bondage thing, and grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
2. apocarya breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (1) front 300mg/LN-dimethylamino succinamide, 150mg/L gibberellin and the 50mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution used of apocarya planting seed soaks 30-60min.
3. apocarya breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step is bud length of a film 2-3cm (4), wide 1-2cm.
4. apocarya breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (5) water and fertilizer management is specially: after grafting survival, does not apply fertilizer in two weeks; When scion young sprout grows to more than 18cm, topdress, topdress in vegetative period the 3 times: 1st, 2 time, applying fertilizer is instant nitrogenousfertilizer; At the beginning of 8 months, use phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 3rd time; Blade spraying mass concentration is urea or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% simultaneously, and every 6 days once.
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| CN201510366360.8A CN104920155A (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2015-06-29 | Cultivating method for pecans |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105325250A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-17 | 安徽大墅龙山园林绿化有限公司 | Planting technology of carya illinoensis |
| CN107027521A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-08-11 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of walnut hard branch square bud connects method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107258148A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-20 | 马鞍山市绿营林业有限公司 | A kind of processing method for accelerating apocarya germination |
| CN108093912A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of actinidia tree |
| CN108142193A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-12 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | Apocarya breeding method |
| CN109220279A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2019-01-18 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A method of realizing pecan spring grafting ahead of time |
| CN109328821A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-15 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | A kind of apocarya breeding method of high survival rate |
| CN111937612A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | Method for improving survival rate of apocarya square bud grafting |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105325250A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-17 | 安徽大墅龙山园林绿化有限公司 | Planting technology of carya illinoensis |
| CN107027521A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-08-11 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of walnut hard branch square bud connects method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107258148A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-10-20 | 马鞍山市绿营林业有限公司 | A kind of processing method for accelerating apocarya germination |
| CN109220279A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2019-01-18 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A method of realizing pecan spring grafting ahead of time |
| CN108093912A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of actinidia tree |
| CN108142193A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-12 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | Apocarya breeding method |
| CN109328821A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-15 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | A kind of apocarya breeding method of high survival rate |
| CN111937612A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | Method for improving survival rate of apocarya square bud grafting |
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