CN104912756A - Solar energy comprehensive utilization system - Google Patents
Solar energy comprehensive utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104912756A CN104912756A CN201410084648.1A CN201410084648A CN104912756A CN 104912756 A CN104912756 A CN 104912756A CN 201410084648 A CN201410084648 A CN 201410084648A CN 104912756 A CN104912756 A CN 104912756A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar energy comprehensive utilization system. The system comprises a solar photovoltaic and photothermal power generation system, a heat pump system and a user heat exchange device. The solar photovoltaic and photothermal power generation system is used for converting solar energy to electric energy and kinetic energy with high conversion efficiency; and the heat pump system, using the electric energy or the kinetic energy as power, is combined with the user heat exchange device to realize the refrigerating circulation and the heating circulation of an air conditioner. The solar photovoltaic and photothermal power generation system combines the concentrating photovoltaic power generation with the concentrating photothermal power generation, and further acquires the heat energy generated in the concentrating photovoltaic power generation process to further improve the solar energy utilization rate on the basis of traditional photovoltaic power generation, so that the refrigerating and heating efficiency of the solar energy comprehensive utilization system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to application of solar, particularly relate to a kind of solar energy composite and utilize system.
Background technique
Under the environment of global warming, solar energy, as the representative of outstanding new energy, enjoys the favor of countries in the world.Under low-carbon energy-saving trend, the solar energy based on photothermal technique is applied to every profession and trade, is constantly improving energy resource structure.
Summer, the power consumption of air-conditioning accounts for 1/3rd of whole electric power system total electricity consumption usually, account for 70% of home-use electricity, this is the main cause that summer, electric power system can't bear the heavy load, and the utilization of solar airconditioning alleviates air-conditioning power consumption having a strong impact on electric power system.Be main energy sources with solar energy when solar airconditioning heats, convert solar energy into the heating of heat energy; During refrigeration, then moisture absorption/the vaporization cycle that adopts realizes refrigeration more.
But current solar airconditioning is when utilizing solar energy to carry out freezing or heating, and the utilization ratio of solar energy is not high, cause solar airconditioning to freeze or the efficiency that heats not high yet.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary for solar airconditioning mode of operation unreasonable, the inefficient problem causing solar airconditioning to freeze or heat, provides the high solar energy composite of a kind of solar energy utilization ratio to utilize system.
A kind of solar energy composite utilizes system, comprising:
Photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, for converting solar energy into heat energy by concentration photo-thermal receiver, the heat energy produced when being converted solar energy into electrical energy by concentration photovoltaic receiver and gather the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver, the conversion of heat into kinetic energy produced when the heat energy described concentration photo-thermal receiver produced by Rankine cycle and the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver;
Interconnective heat pump and user's heat-exchanger rig, described heat pump connects described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, for passing through described kinetic energy or electric energy, and completes refrigeration cycle in conjunction with described user's heat-exchanger rig or heats circulation.
Wherein in an embodiment, described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system comprise:
Described concentration photo-thermal receiver, for converting solar energy into heat energy;
Middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, connects described concentration photo-thermal receiver, for storing the heat energy of described concentration photo-thermal receiver generation and conducting;
Described concentration photovoltaic receiver, for converting solar energy into electrical energy;
Low temperature heat exchanger, connects described concentration photovoltaic receiver, and the heat energy produced during for gathering the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver also conducts;
Interconnective decompressor and cooling unit, described decompressor and cooling unit are respectively by high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig middle described in pump and pipeline connection and low temperature heat exchanger; Described low temperature heat exchanger, middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, decompressor, cooling unit and pump form Rankine cycle circuit, the conversion of heat into kinetic energy in described Rankine cycle circuit;
DC-to-AC converter, connects described concentration photovoltaic receiver; Described concentration photovoltaic receiver is by described DC-to-AC converter output AC electricity;
Described DC-to-AC converter or described decompressor connect described heat pump respectively, for providing electric energy or kinetic energy for described heat pump.
Wherein in an embodiment, described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system also comprise motor, and described motor connects described decompressor, for described kinetic energy is converted to electric energy;
Described motor connects described heat pump, for providing electric energy for heat pump.
Wherein in an embodiment, described middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig comprises:
Middle high temperature liquid container, described middle high temperature liquid container is full of the agent of fuse salt heat accumulation;
3rd heat exchanger, is placed in described high temperature liquid container, comprises the 3rd working medium entrance and the 3rd sender property outlet, and described 3rd working medium entrance is connected described concentration photo-thermal receiver with the 3rd sender property outlet respectively by pipeline; Wherein, the light cavity of concentration photo-thermal receiver described in described pipeline hot connecting;
4th heat exchanger, is placed in described high temperature liquid container, comprises the 4th working medium entrance and the 4th sender property outlet, and described 4th working medium entrance and the 4th sender property outlet are respectively by low temperature heat exchanger described in pipeline connection and described decompressor.
Wherein in an embodiment, described low temperature heat exchanger comprises:
Low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank, is filled with anti-freeze cooling liquid, and is provided with cooling liquid entrance and cooling liquid outlet, and described cooling liquid entrance and cooling liquid outlet are respectively by the radiator of concentration photovoltaic receiver described in pipeline connection; Anti-freeze cooling liquid described in the energy heats produced during described concentration photovoltaic receiver heat radiation, entered described low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank by the anti-freeze cooling liquid heated and store heat exchange, the described anti-freeze cooling liquid through heat exchange cooling re-circulates to described concentration photovoltaic receiver formation heat-radiation loop;
5th heat exchanger, is placed in described low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank, comprises the 5th working medium entrance and the 5th sender property outlet, and described 5th working medium entrance and the 5th sender property outlet are respectively by cooling unit described in pipeline connection and middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig; For will the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver time the thermal energy conduction that produces to described middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig.
Wherein in an embodiment, described concentration photo-thermal receiver is as the criterion slot type point concentration photo-thermal reception unit.
Wherein in an embodiment, described concentration photovoltaic receiver is as the criterion slot type point condensation photovoltaic reception unit.
Wherein in an embodiment, described heat pump comprises compressor, the First Heat Exchanger of selector valve and connection, expansion valve and the second heat exchanger;
Described compressor, connects described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, for passing through described kinetic energy or electric energy compressed refrigerant;
Described selector valve, be provided with first end, the second end, the 3rd end and the 4th end, described first end, the second end are communicated with input end and the output terminal of described compressor respectively; Described 3rd end is communicated with described First Heat Exchanger; Described 4th end is communicated with described second heat exchanger; Described user's heat-exchanger rig connects described second heat exchanger by pipeline;
When described first end is communicated with the 3rd end, described second end is communicated with the 4th end, heats circulation described in described heat pump completes in conjunction with described user's heat-exchanger rig; When described second end is communicated with the 3rd end, described first end is communicated with the 4th end, and described heat pump completes described refrigeration cycle in conjunction with described user's heat-exchanger rig.
Wherein in an embodiment, described First Heat Exchanger is ground-coupled heat exchanger.
Wherein in an embodiment, described second heat exchanger is water storage heat exchanger or ice storage heat exchanger.
Above-mentioned solar energy composite utilizes system, converted solar energy into electrical energy and kinetic energy with high conversion by use photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, heat pump for power with above-mentioned electric energy or kinetic energy, realizes the refrigeration cycle of air-conditioning in conjunction with user's heat-exchanger rig and heats circulation.Photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system convert solar energy into heat energy by concentration photo-thermal receiver, the heat energy produced when being converted solar energy into electrical energy by concentration photovoltaic receiver and gather the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver, the conversion of heat into kinetic energy produced when the heat energy described concentration photo-thermal receiver produced by Rankine cycle and the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver.Concentrating photovoltaic power generation generates electricity with concentration photo-thermal and combines by above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, and acquire the heat energy produced in concentrating photovoltaic power generation process further, utilize on the basis of photovoltaic generation in tradition, further improve the utilization ratio of solar energy, thus improve the refrigeration that above-mentioned solar energy composite utilizes system and the efficiency heated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the solar energy composite of one embodiment of the invention utilizes system schematic;
Fig. 2 is that the solar energy composite of another embodiment of the present invention utilizes system schematic;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of middle photovoltaic embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, solar-thermal generating system;
Fig. 4 is photovoltaic in another embodiment, solar-thermal generating system schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that the solar energy composite of another embodiment of the present invention utilizes system schematic;
Fig. 6 is the light cavity cross-section figure of pipeline hot connecting concentration photo-thermal receiver embodiment illustrated in fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device schematic diagram of an embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device schematic diagram of another embodiment;
Fig. 9 is support side embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 some collective optics arrangement plan view;
Figure 10 is receiving port schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 8;
Figure 11 is the reference angle schematic diagram of embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 some collective optics relative to the photoelectric conversion device of correspondence;
Figure 12 is photoelectric conversion device schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 8;
Figure 13 is photoelectric conversion device schematic diagram in another embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of solar energy composite utilizes system, by concentration photo-thermal technology and condensation photovoltaic technology are combined, and be in the process of electric energy at condensation photovoltaic by light energy conversion, the heat energy failing to be converted into electric energy is further converted to kinetic energy, improve the utilization ratio of solar energy, further increase the generating efficiency that solar energy composite utilizes system; When above-mentioned solar energy composite utilizes system for refrigeration or cooling/heating air conditioner, the refrigeration that improve existing solar airconditioning and the efficiency heated, save electric energy further.Above-mentioned solar energy composite utilizes system can carry out energy storage when solar energy is sufficient by day, and when night is without sunlight, the energy by storing in water storage heat exchanger or ice storage heat exchanger carries out heating or freezing, and saves electric energy further.
System is utilized to be further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to a kind of solar energy composite of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1, for the solar energy composite of one embodiment of the invention utilizes system schematic.With reference to figure 1, a kind of solar energy composite utilizes system 500, comprises photovoltaic, the solar-thermal generating system 520, heat pump 540 and the user's heat-exchanger rig 560 that connect in turn.
Photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 520 convert solar energy into heat energy by concentration photo-thermal receiver (not shown), the heat energy produced when being converted solar energy into electrical energy by concentration photovoltaic receiver (not shown) and gather concentration photovoltaic receiver heat radiation, the conversion of heat into kinetic energy produced when heat energy concentration photo-thermal receiver produced by Rankine cycle and concentration photovoltaic receiver heat radiation.Heat pump 540 by above-mentioned kinetic energy or electric energy, and completes refrigeration cycle in conjunction with user's heat-exchanger rig 560 and/or heats circulation.
Above-mentioned solar energy composite utilizes system 500, converted solar energy into electrical energy and kinetic energy with high conversion by use photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 520, heat pump 540 for power with above-mentioned electric energy or kinetic energy, realizes the refrigeration cycle of air-conditioning in conjunction with user's heat-exchanger rig 560 and heats circulation.Concentrating photovoltaic power generation generates electricity with concentration photo-thermal and combines by above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 520, and acquire the heat energy produced in concentrating photovoltaic power generation process further, utilize on the basis of photovoltaic generation in tradition, further improve the utilization ratio of solar energy, thus improve the refrigeration that above-mentioned solar energy composite utilizes system 500 and the efficiency heated, save electric energy further.
Shown in Fig. 2, for the solar energy composite of another embodiment of the present invention utilizes system schematic.With reference to figure 2, a kind of solar energy composite utilizes system 600, comprises photovoltaic, the solar-thermal generating system 620, heat pump 640 and the user's heat-exchanger rig 660 that connect in turn.Above-mentioned heat pump 640 comprises compressor 642, selector valve 644 and the First Heat Exchanger 646 be communicated with, expansion valve 648 and the second heat exchanger 649.Compressor 642 connects above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 620, input end and the output terminal (figure does not mark) of compressor 642 are communicated with first end 1 and second end 2 of selector valve 644 respectively, 3rd end 3 of selector valve 644 is communicated with First Heat Exchanger 646, and the 4th end 4 of selector valve 644 is communicated with above-mentioned second heat exchanger 649.User's heat-exchanger rig 660 connects above-mentioned second heat exchanger 649 by pipeline.
When above-mentioned first end 1 is communicated with the 3rd end 3, above-mentioned second end 2 is communicated with the 4th end 4, and heat pump 640 completes air-conditioning heating circulation in conjunction with user's heat-exchanger rig 660; When second end 2 is communicated with the 3rd end 3, first end 1 is communicated with the 4th end 4, and heat pump 640 completes air conditioner refrigerating circulation in conjunction with user's heat-exchanger rig 660.
Heat circulation time: refrigeration agent is undertaken compressing the refrigerant gas obtaining High Temperature High Pressure by kinetic energy and/or electric energy by compressor 642, the refrigerant gas of above-mentioned High Temperature High Pressure transfers to the second heat exchanger 649 by the output terminal of compressor 642, selector valve 644, now, the refrigerant gas heat release of High Temperature High Pressure is also conducted to user's heat-exchanger rig 660, realizes the heating to user environment.Reduce through the refrigeration agent of the second heat exchanger 649 pressure after expansion valve 648, temperature reduces, when being circulated to First Heat Exchanger 646, absorb heat, and continue through selector valve 644 and be circulated to compressor 642, complete and once heat circulation.
During refrigeration cycle: refrigeration agent is undertaken compressing the refrigerant gas obtaining High Temperature High Pressure by kinetic energy and/or electric energy by compressor 642, the refrigerant gas of above-mentioned High Temperature High Pressure transfers to First Heat Exchanger 646 by the output terminal of compressor 642, selector valve 644, now, the refrigerant gas heat release to external world of High Temperature High Pressure, after expansion valve 648, pressure reduction, temperature reduce, heat is absorbed when being circulated to the second heat exchanger 649, take away the heat of user's heat-exchanger rig 660, the temperature of further reduction user environment, completes a refrigeration cycle.
Concrete, above-mentioned First Heat Exchanger 646 is ground-coupled heat exchanger (not shown).Ground-coupled heat exchanger is the one of cooling unit, carries out heat exchange by underground water temperature.Concrete, the temperature in source, above-mentioned ground is about 15 DEG C.
Above-mentioned First Heat Exchanger 646 also can be air heat exchanger, to air heat exchange.
Concrete, above-mentioned second heat exchanger 649 is water storage heat exchanger or ice storage heat exchanger.Above-mentioned solar energy composite utilizes system 600 when sunlight is sufficient, completes above-mentioned refrigeration cycle or heat circulation by the energy of sunlight.
When heating circulation time, by above-mentioned water storage heat exchanger store heat; When night or solar energy quantity not sufficient, the energy stored by above-mentioned water storage heat exchanger is completed and heats circulation, saves electric energy further, and what improve that solar energy composite utilizes system 600 heats rate.When refrigeration cycle, by ice storage heat exchanger storage of cold, when night or solar energy quantity not sufficient, the energy stored by above-mentioned ice storage heat exchanger completes refrigeration cycle, saves electric energy further, improves the duty that solar energy composite utilizes system 600.
Shown in Fig. 3, it is the schematic diagram of middle photovoltaic embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, solar-thermal generating system.With reference to figure 3, by photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 100, above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 620 are described in more detail.
With reference to figure 3, a kind of photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 100, comprise concentration photo-thermal receiver 120, middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140, concentration photovoltaic receiver 160, low temperature heat exchanger 180, decompressor 190, cooling unit 170 and DC-to-AC converter 150.
Above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140 connects concentration photo-thermal receiver 120, low temperature heat exchanger 180 connects concentration photovoltaic receiver 160 and middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140, and decompressor 190 and cooling unit 170 are respectively by high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140 in pipeline connection and low temperature heat exchanger 180.Concentration photo-thermal receiver 120 receives solar energy and is converted into heat energy, the light cavity (not shown) that middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140 is wound around concentration photo-thermal receiver 120 by pipeline connects above-mentioned concentration photo-thermal receiver 120, stores the heat energy of concentration photo-thermal receiver 120 generation and further conducts.Concentration photovoltaic receiver 160 receives sunlight and is converted to electric energy, further by DC-to-AC converter 150 output AC electricity.At above-mentioned concentration photovoltaic receiver 160, luminous energy is converted in the process of electric energy, part solar energy is had to be converted to heat energy, low temperature heat exchanger 180 gathers the above-mentioned heat energy not being converted to electric energy, and gives middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140 by pipeline by above-mentioned thermal energy conduction; The conduction of above-mentioned heat energy refers to by heating working medium, is conducted working medium by pipeline, completes the conduction to heat energy; Above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140 again heats laggard row to the working medium that above-mentioned low temperature heat exchanger 180 conducts and conducts further.Decompressor 190 and cooling unit 170 are respectively by the above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 140 of pipeline connection and low temperature heat exchanger 180 and form Rankine cycle circuit, thermal power transfer in photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 100 is kinetic energy by above-mentioned Rankine cycle, and above-mentioned kinetic energy can be converted to electric energy further.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 100, concentrating photovoltaic power generation is combined with concentration photo-thermal generation technology, and acquire loose thermogenetic heat energy in concentrating photovoltaic power generation process further, utilize on the basis of photovoltaic generation in tradition, further improve the utilization ratio of solar energy.Above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 100 solve the problem that is not high, stability of a system difference when only using photovoltaic generation of Solar use efficiency when only using photothermal power generation, and further increase the utilization rate of solar energy on this basis.
In another embodiment, above-mentioned DC-to-AC converter 150 connects above-mentioned compressor 642, the electrical energy drive motor exported by DC-to-AC converter 150 further by connecting motor (not shown), thus drives compressor 642.
Fig. 4 is photovoltaic in another embodiment, solar-thermal generating system schematic diagram.
With reference to figure 4, a kind of photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 200, comprise concentration photo-thermal receiver 202, middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204, concentration photovoltaic receiver 208, low temperature heat exchanger 212, decompressor 216, cooling unit 218 and DC-to-AC converter 210.
Above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204 is by the light cavity (not shown) of pipeline hot connecting concentration photo-thermal receiver 202, low temperature heat exchanger 212 connects the radiator (not shown) of concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 by pipeline, low temperature heat exchanger 212 is by high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204 in pipeline connection, and concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 interconnection inverter device 210 output AC is electric; Decompressor 216 and cooling unit 218 respectively by high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204 in pipeline connection and low temperature heat exchanger 212, and form Rankine cycle circuit, and the thermal power transfer in photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 200 is kinetic energy by above-mentioned Rankine cycle.As required, above-mentioned kinetic energy can be converted to electric energy further.
Concrete, above-mentioned pipeline is the thermo-insulating pipe line being coated with thermal insulating material.
Further, above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 200 also comprise motor 220, above-mentioned motor 220 connects decompressor 216, is converted to electric energy for the kinetic energy above-mentioned Rankine cycle produced, and connects external circuit further by switch 222 and exported by above-mentioned electric energy.Above-mentioned motor 220 connects above-mentioned compressor 642(figure and does not show), for providing power for compressor 642.Above-mentioned DC-to-AC converter 210 is also by connecting above-mentioned motor 220 further for compressor 642 provides power, further increase the solar energy utilization ratio that solar energy composite utilizes system, thus improve refrigerating efficiency and heating efficiency that solar energy composite utilizes system.
Concrete, with reference to figure 4, above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204 comprises: middle high temperature liquid container 2042, the 3rd heat exchanger 2044 and the 4th heat exchanger 2046.
Above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage tank 2042 is closed and is full of the agent of fuse salt heat accumulation, for store heat.Concrete, the agent of above-mentioned fuse salt heat accumulation is the agent of nitrate heat accumulation.Above-mentioned First Heat Exchanger 2044 is tubular exchanger, being placed in above-mentioned high-temperature heat-storage tank 2042 and being stretched out from above-mentioned high-temperature heat-storage tank 2042 by the first working medium entrance a and the first sender property outlet b, above-mentioned first working medium entrance a is connected above-mentioned concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 with the first sender property outlet b respectively by pipeline.High temperature resistant working medium is full of in the tubular loop that above-mentioned First Heat Exchanger 2044 and above-mentioned pipeline are formed, the thermal energy conduction changed by concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 by above-mentioned high temperature resistant working medium gives the fuse salt heat accumulation agent in above-mentioned high temperature liquid container, and fuse salt heat accumulation agent absorption heat changes to liquid state mutually and stores above-mentioned heat energy.Concrete, above-mentioned First Heat Exchanger 2044 is high temperature resistant working fluid heat exchanger, for by high temperature resistant working medium circulation heat exchange.Concrete, above-mentioned high temperature resistant working medium is air or thermostable heat-conductive oil.In other examples, above-mentioned high temperature resistant working medium also can select other high temperature resistant working medium.
With reference to figure 4, above-mentioned 3rd sender property outlet b is connected above-mentioned concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 by pump 206 with thermo-insulating pipe line.There is provided power by pump 206, above-mentioned 3rd heat exchanger 2044 is formed circulation with the high temperature resistant working medium in the thermo-insulating pipe line be attached thereto, and the thermal energy conduction produced by concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 continued gives the fuse salt heat accumulation agent in above-mentioned high temperature liquid container.
Shown in Fig. 5, for the solar energy composite of another embodiment of the present invention utilizes system schematic.
With reference to 5, above-mentioned cooling unit 218 is ground-coupled heat exchanger.Above-mentioned First Heat Exchanger 646 can be integrated into a ground-coupled heat exchanger (scheming not mark) with above-mentioned cooling unit 218, and realizes respective function simultaneously.Concrete, in the present embodiment, the temperature in source, above-mentioned ground is about 15 DEG C.
Shown in Fig. 6, it is the sectional view of the light cavity of pipeline hot connecting concentration photo-thermal receiver embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.
With reference to figure 6, the light cavity 2022 of the above-mentioned concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 of above-mentioned pipeline hot connecting.By being wound around heat absorption that concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 produces by above-mentioned light cavity 2022 and conducting.Concrete, the part of above-mentioned pipeline and the non-receiving surface of above-mentioned light cavity, is coated with thermal insulating material, prevents heat energy loss.
With reference to figure 4, above-mentioned 4th heat exchanger 2046 is placed in high temperature liquid container 2042, for tubular exchanger, comprise the 4th working medium entrance c and the 4th sender property outlet d, above-mentioned 4th working medium entrance c and the 4th sender property outlet d stretches out above-mentioned middle high temperature liquid container 2042 and respectively by pipeline connection low temperature heat exchanger 212 and decompressor 216.Concrete, be full of organic working medium in the tubular loop that above-mentioned 4th heat exchanger 2046 and pipeline are formed.Concrete, above-mentioned 4th heat exchanger 2046 is organic working medium radiator, for being kinetic energy by organic working medium by the thermal power transfer in above-mentioned Rankine cycle circuit.Concrete, above-mentioned organic working medium is R134a refrigeration agent etc.
Concrete, above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 200 comprise the low temperature heat exchanger 212 of several cascades, for lowering the temperature step by step to concentration photovoltaic receiver 208.In embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, comprise three above-mentioned low temperature heat exchanger 212.
Concrete, above-mentioned each low temperature heat exchanger 212 comprises low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122 and the 5th heat exchanger 2124.Each low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122 is respectively equipped with cooling liquid entrance e and cooling liquid outlet f, 5th heat exchanger 2124 is tubular exchanger, be placed in above-mentioned low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122, and stretch out low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122 respectively by the 5th working medium entrance g and the 5th sender property outlet h.
Cooling liquid outlet f between each low temperature heat exchanger 212 is interconnected by the cooling liquid entrance e of pump 206 with next low temperature heat exchanger 212, and the 5th working medium entrance g of the 5th sender property outlet h between each low temperature heat exchanger 212 and a upper low temperature heat exchanger 212 is interconnected.The cooling liquid entrance e at the cascade structure two ends that low temperature heat exchanger 212 is formed is connected concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 with cooling liquid outlet f by pipeline, 5th working medium entrance g is communicated with the 4th working medium entrance c that cooling unit the 218, five sender property outlet h is communicated with above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204.
Anti-freeze cooling liquid is filled with in above-mentioned low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122, be interconnected by cooling liquid outlet f and cooling liquid entrance e between low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122, and be connected the radiator of concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 with cooling liquid entrance e by the cooling liquid outlet f at two ends, the energy heats anti-freeze cooling liquid produced when concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 dispels the heat, entered low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122 by the anti-freeze cooling liquid heated and store heat exchange, anti-freeze cooling liquid through heat exchange cooling re-circulates to concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 and forms heat-radiation loop, form the circulation of anti-freeze cooling liquid, the heat energy realizing concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 to dispel the heat constantly conducts in low-temperature liquid storage tank.
In the cascade structure of above-mentioned low temperature heat exchanger 212, be interconnected by the 5th sender property outlet h and the 5th working medium entrance g between 5th heat exchanger 2124, and the 4th working medium entrance c of high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204 and cooling unit 218 in being communicated with respectively with the 5th working medium entrance g by the 5th sender property outlet h at two ends, define the Rankine cycle of organic working medium, achieve the heat energy that produces when being dispelled the heat by concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 and the heat energy that produces of concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 all conducts in above-mentioned Rankine cycle, and be converted to electric energy further, further increase the utilization rate of solar energy.
Above-mentioned cascade structure, achieve by the heat energy produced during condensation photovoltaic radiator heat-dissipation to a greater extent conduct in Rankine cycle, make it to be converted to electric energy to a greater extent, achieve and reach more than 30% at condensation photovoltaic part solar energy utilization ratio.
Concrete, with reference to figure 4, the temperature entering the anti-freeze cooling liquid of above-mentioned low temperature heat exchanger 212 through concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 is 90 DEG C-120 DEG C, by arranging pump 206 or arranging auto-induction apparatus (not shown), the anti-freeze cooling liquid controlled in first low temperature heat exchanger 212 remains on about 80 DEG C, anti-freeze cooling liquid in second low temperature heat exchanger 212 remains on about 60 DEG C, anti-freeze cooling liquid in 3rd low temperature heat exchanger 212 remains on about 40 DEG C and then through concentration photovoltaic receiver 208, completes the circulation of anti-freeze cooling liquid.
In other examples, above-mentioned low temperature heat exchanger 212 quantity also can be 1,2 or more than three.When low temperature heat exchanger 212 quantity only has 1, its cooling liquid entrance e is connected concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 with cooling liquid outlet f respectively by pipeline.Further, cooling liquid outlet f connects concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 by pump 206.Anti-freeze cooling liquid is filled with in low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122, anti-freeze cooling liquid is by after cooling liquid outlet f, pump 206 and concentration photovoltaic receiver 208, get back to low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122 by cooling liquid entrance e again, the thermal energy conduction produced when concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 dispels the heat by anti-freeze cooling liquid in above-mentioned circulation is to low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank 2122.Above-mentioned 5th heat exchanger 2124 stretches out low temperature liquid storage heat exchanging tube respectively by the 5th working medium entrance g and the 5th sender property outlet h, and respectively by the 4th working medium entrance c of pipeline connection cooling unit 218 and middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204, form the Rankine cycle of organic working medium, the heat energy in circulation is converted to electric energy further.
When low temperature heat exchanger 212 quantity of above-mentioned cascade is multiple, temperature equal difference between low temperature heat exchanger 212 reduces or reduces according to the temperature gradient preset, realize gradient cooling or gradient heat radiation, the heat energy produced when can ensure that above-mentioned concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 dispels the heat farthest is conducted in above-mentioned middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204, improves the utilization ratio of solar energy further.
Further, above-mentioned photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system 200 comprise at least two series units be made up of valve 214, decompressor 216, generator 220 and switch 222 (figure does not mark), parallel with one another between each unit, 4th sender property outlet d of high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 204 during valve 214 is communicated with respectively, decompressor 216 is communicated with cooling unit 218 respectively, switch 222 connects external circuit respectively, and the delivery of electrical energy realized Rankine cycle produces is applied to external circuit.Concrete, above-mentioned decompressor 216 is screw expander machine or scroll expander.
In other embodiments, above-mentioned decompressor 216 also can be turbo-expander.
Concrete, above-mentioned concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 is a kind of accurate slot type point condensation photovoltaic reception unit, i.e. a kind of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device.
Above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device, by multiple somes collective opticses are arranged the slot type structure that is as the criterion, facilitate the follow-up cleaning to above-mentioned multiple somes collective opticses, and be provided with corresponding photoelectric conversion device for each some collective optics, improve solar energy utilization ratio.By the characteristic parameter of set-point collective optics and the supplemental characteristic of corresponding photoelectric conversion device, sink, conductive structure, supporting structure etc., further increase the utilization ratio of solar energy, reduce manufacture cost and maintenance cost.By being respectively provided to few two row's photovoltaic cells in support device both sides, between each row, the photoelectric conversion device that adjacent photovoltaic cell is corresponding can share a receiving port, reduce the cost of production of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device, and provide conveniently for the layout of circuit and cooling liquid pipeline.Arranging at photoelectric conversion device; by arranging the photovoltaic cell of multiple matrix arrangement on heat-conduction circuit board; parallel with one another and connect protective circuit respectively between each battery; when in use; if one of them photovoltaic cell breaks down; corresponding photovoltaic cell can be changed separately; thus do not affect the normal use of other photovoltaic cells; do not affect the use of whole photoelectric conversion device; further improve the feasibility of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device; improve the bulk life time of system, reduce maintenance cost.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device is described in more detail.
Shown in Fig. 7, it is the accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device schematic diagram of an embodiment.
With reference to figure 7, a kind of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 300, comprises support device 320, multiple somes collective opticses 340 and multiple photoelectric conversion device 360.
Wherein, support device 320 comprises support 322 and base 324, and base 324 is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of support 322, and multiple somes collective opticses 340 are symmetrically distributed on the base 324 of above-mentioned support 322 both sides, form accurate slot type structure; Multiple photoelectric conversion device 360, be positioned at one end that support 322 is relative with base 324, photoelectric conversion device 360 equal with some collective optics 340 quantity and with a collective optics 340 one_to_one corresponding, the light-receiving mouth of photoelectric conversion device 360 is towards corresponding some collective optics 340 and be positioned at the optically focused focus place of corresponding some collective optics 340.
Above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 300, some collective optics 340 receives and converges sunlight, and the sunlight that above-mentioned some collective optics 340 converges is converted to electric energy by the photoelectric conversion device 360 corresponding to above-mentioned some collective optics 340.The sunlight of above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device is received position, namely the overall structure of above-mentioned some collective optics 340 arranges the slot type structure that is as the criterion, corresponding photoelectric conversion device 360 is provided with for each some collective optics 340, while the follow-up cleaning of improvement, reduce further system cost.Slot type structure is combined with some light condensing technology, making more to put collective optics 340 can public same support device 320, get out of the way some collective optics 340 superjacent air space, convenient subsequently through using automatic cleaning apparatus (not shown) to clean a collective optics 340, and conveniently carry out operation such as replacing point collective optics 340 grade, overhead support 322 makes each photoelectric conversion device 360 lateral connection, this convenient layout wire and heat-radiation loop (not shown).
Shown in Fig. 8, it is the accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device schematic diagram of another embodiment.
With reference to figure 8, a kind of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 400, comprises support device 420, multiple somes collective opticses 440 and multiple photoelectric conversion device 460.
Wherein, support device 420 comprises support 422 and base 424, and base 424 is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of support 422, and multiple somes collective opticses 440 are symmetrically distributed on the base 424 of above-mentioned support 422 both sides, form accurate slot type structure; Multiple photoelectric conversion device 460, be positioned at one end that support 422 is relative with base 424, photoelectric conversion device 460 equal with some collective optics 440 quantity and with a collective optics 440 one_to_one corresponding, the light-receiving mouth of photoelectric conversion device 460 is towards corresponding some collective optics 440 and be positioned at the optically focused focus place of corresponding some collective optics 440.
Wherein, the every side of support 422 comprises at least 2 rows above-mentioned some collective optics 440, and namely at least 2 group point collective optics group 442(are with reference to figure 8).In embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, comprise 2 rows and put collective optics 440, be i.e. 2 groups of above-mentioned some collective optics groups 442.Above-mentioned support device 420 side, the some collective optics 440 adjacent with above-mentioned support 422 forms above-mentioned one and arranges some collective optics, i.e. one group of some collective optics group 442; Adjacent with above-mentioned one group of some collective optics group 442 one arranges some collective opticses forms another and organizes some collective opticses group (scheming not mark).
In other embodiments, above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 400 also only can arrange a row or multi-row above-mentioned some collective optics in the side of support 422.
Shown in Fig. 9, it is support side embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 some collective optics arrangement plan view.
Shown in Figure 10, it is receiving port schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 8.
With reference to figure 9, above-mentioned often group point collective optics group 442, often adjacent between group point collective optics 440 staggers intended distance L, accordingly, the photoelectric conversion device 460 corresponding with the above-mentioned adjacent some collective optics 440 staggered can be arranged in the same receiving port 4222 on support 422, the light-receiving mouth of the photoelectricity converter device 460 in above-mentioned same receiving port 4222 respectively towards corresponding some collective optics 440, and lays respectively at the optically focused focus place (with reference to Figure 10) of respective point collective optics 440.With reference to embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, collective optics 440 is put by arranging 2 rows in the every side of support device 420, use an above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 400, two sides can be completed only arrange a row and put the accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 300(of collective optics with reference to figure 7) co-operation time generated energy, decrease the manufacture cost of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 300.
Concrete, above-mentioned intended distance L can set different values as required.In the present embodiment, this intended distance L is set as 10mm.
In other examples, the group number of the some collective optics group 442 of the every side of support 422 also can be set, and the number of photoelectric conversion device 460 in relative set receiving port 4222 and accordingly towards and position relationship.If the group number arranged is greater than 2, then adjacent between each group point collective optics 440 carries out Heterogeneous Permutation along a direction, to ensure to hold the photoelectric conversion device 460 corresponding to some collective optics 440 adjacent between each group above-mentioned in same receiving port 4222.
Shown in Figure 11, for embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 some collective optics is relative to the reference angle schematic diagram of the photoelectric conversion device of correspondence.
In embodiment illustrated in fig. 8, some collective optics 440 is reflection type point collective optics.The focal length of above-mentioned some collective optics 440 is 0.8m-1.5m, and each some collective optics 440 is less than 30 ° relative to the reference angle of the photoelectric conversion device 460 of correspondence.Wherein, above-mentioned reference angle is the normal of each some collective optics 440 and the angle of corresponding incident light.With reference to figure 8, first row point collective optics 440 is α relative to the reference angle in the view plane of corresponding photoelectric conversion device 460, second row point collective optics 440 is β relative to the reference angle of corresponding photoelectric conversion device 460, and wherein the angle of α, β is all less than 30 °, and roughly the same.By arranging the characteristic parameter of above-mentioned some collective optics, comprise the focal length of a collective optics, and the incident angle of further set-point collective optics, can further improve the utilization ratio of solar energy.Further, the focal length of above-mentioned some collective optics is 1m, reference angle is all less than 20 °, the above-mentioned practical efficiency adopting existing gallium arsenide photovoltaic cell product (photoelectric transformation efficiency of existing three joint gallium arsenide photovoltaic cells is about 40%) can reach solar energy that arranges is about 25% ~ 30%, consider that the efficiency of the multistage photovoltaic cell of gallium arsenide is in theory more than 50%, then the actual power efficiency of native system will be expected to close to 40% future.
Concrete, with reference to figure 8, above-mentioned reflection type point collective optics is parabolic mirror.The light-receiving area of above-mentioned parabolic mirror is 0.2m
2-0.75m
2, parabolic mirror is less than 35mm*35mm at the launching spot area of the capable one-tenth of the light-receiving mouth of photoelectric conversion device 460, and the area ratio of light-receiving area and launching spot is greater than 250.Above-mentioned parameter is arranged, and ensure that an incident intensity for optically focused launching spot, makes luminous energy be converted to the conversion efficiency of electric energy higher.Concrete, the light-receiving area of above-mentioned parabolic mirror is 0.4m
2, the focal length of above-mentioned parabolic mirror is greater than 1.2 with the ratio of the square root of light-receiving area and is less than 3.Concrete, above-mentioned ratio is 1.5.By arranging above-mentioned ratio, the area being arrived the launching spot of photoelectric conversion device 460 by parabolic mirror can be made less, and light intensity is more concentrated, meets the optimal operating range of high power condensation photovoltaic battery.
Shown in Figure 12, it is photoelectric conversion device schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 8.
Shown in Figure 13, it is photoelectric conversion device schematic diagram in another embodiment.
With reference to Figure 12, Figure 13, middle photoelectric conversion device 460 embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 comprises multiple photovoltaic cell 462, multiple heat-conduction circuit board 464, multiple conducting plate 466, radiator 468, shell (not shown) and mounting plate 469.
Wherein, above-mentioned multiple photovoltaic cell 462 is located on corresponding heat-conduction circuit board 464 respectively, sunlight for being launched by a collective optics 440 is converted to electric energy, and heat-conduction circuit board 464 for fixing above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462, and conducts the heat energy produced when photovoltaic cell 462 works; Multiple conducting plate 466, is located on above-mentioned heat-conduction circuit board 464 respectively, and connects above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462 respectively, for the electric energy of externally circuit derivation photovoltaic cell 462 generation; Radiator 468, connects above-mentioned heat-conduction circuit board 464 by heat pipe 467, for deriving the heat energy produced when photovoltaic cell 462 works; Shell, for holding above-mentioned heat-conduction circuit board 464, photovoltaic cell 462, conducting plate 466, radiator 468, mounting plate 469 and heat pipe 467, and is provided with light-receiving mouth, the sunlight that photovoltaic cell 462 is converged by above-mentioned light-receiving mouth acceptance point collective optics 440.Wherein, mounting plate 469 is for carrying above-mentioned multiple photovoltaic cell 462, multiple heat-conduction circuit board 464, multiple conducting plate 466 etc.
Concrete, above-mentioned radiator 468 and heat pipe 467 form sink (figure does not mark), and conducting plate 466 forms conductive structure (figure does not mark), and mounting plate 469 forms supporting mechanism (figure does not mark).By the characteristic parameter of set-point collective optics 440 and the supplemental characteristic of corresponding photoelectric conversion device 460, sink, conductive structure, supporting structure etc., further increase the utilization ratio of solar energy, reduce manufacture cost and maintenance cost.
The sunlight that above-mentioned multiple photovoltaic cell 462 is converged by above-mentioned light-receiving mouth acceptance point collective optics 440, and be electric energy by the transformation of energy of the launching spot received, and by the conducting plate 466 of each photovoltaic cell of above-mentioned connection 462 externally circuit (not shown) derive the electric energy that each photovoltaic cell 462 produces respectively; Whole light energy conversions can not be electric energy by above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462, while light energy conversion is electric energy by above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462, a part can not be become heat energy by the luminous energy that photovoltaic cell 462 is changed, above-mentioned heat-conduction circuit board 464 conducts the heat energy produced when above-mentioned multiple photovoltaic cell 462 works, and derives above-mentioned heat energy by radiator 468.Above-mentioned radiator is provided with cooling liquid entrance 4682 and cooling liquid outlet 4684, connects low temperature heat exchanger 212 respectively and carries out step heat radiation.
Concrete, above-mentioned cooling liquid entrance 4682 and cooling liquid outlet 4684 are respectively by the cooling liquid outlet f of the above-mentioned low temperature heat exchanger 212 of pipeline connection and cooling liquid entrance e.Further, above-mentioned cooling liquid entrance 4682 is communicated with above-mentioned cooling liquid outlet f by pump 206.Concrete, above-mentioned pipeline is the pipeline being coated with thermal insulating material, prevents the temperature of above-mentioned anti-freeze cooling liquid circulation time anti-freeze cooling liquid to be subject to the impact of external temperature.
Concrete, above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462 is multi-junction gallium arsenide photovoltaic cell.The quantity of above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462 is 4, and each photovoltaic cell 462 is arranged in independently on heat-conduction circuit board 464, the arrangement in square matrix of each heat-conduction circuit board 464, forms photovoltaic cell group (figure does not mark).Wherein, the photovoltaic cell 462 that diagonal angle is arranged is parallel with one another and connect protective circuit (not shown), and 462 groups, the parallel photovoltaic battery of two groups of diagonal positions is connected mutually; Or, the parallel with one another and shared protective circuit of above-mentioned 4 photovoltaic cells 462.And, in above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 400, mutually connect between the photovoltaic cell 462 groups of the different photoelectric conversion devices 460 corresponding to some collective optics 440, each collective optics 440 output voltage is added, and electric current is equal, can not need like this to increase sectional area of wire, transmit more electric energy.Because the area equation of each collective optics 440, each photovoltaic cell 462 efficiency is equal, so the ideal current that the photovoltaic cell group corresponding to each collective optics 440 produces is equal, meets series connection condition; Experiment proves, under same collective optics, in 4 photovoltaic cells 462, the electric current sum of the photovoltaic cell 462 electric current sum at diagonal angle and the photovoltaic cell 462 at another diagonal angle is very close, meet series connection condition, if the photovoltaic cell 462 at two groups of different diagonal angles is connected, voltage can be promoted one times, electric current declines one times, thus reduces the requirement to sectional area of wire, save wire, reduce the loss on wire.
In photovoltaic cell group in above-mentioned each photoelectric conversion device 460, each photovoltaic cell 462 is arranged in independently on heat-conduction circuit board 464, when one of them photovoltaic cell 462 breaks down, whole photovoltaic cell group is not needed to change, only need the photovoltaic cell 462 broken down to take off to change, do not affect the normal work of other photovoltaic cells 462, facilitate the lasting use of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 400, and improve the working life of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device 400.
In other examples, each photovoltaic cell 462 in above-mentioned photovoltaic cell group also can be connected mutually.
Concrete, above-mentioned each photovoltaic cell 462 be more than or equal to 9mm*9mm by optical range.When above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462 quantity is four, the overall receiving surface of above-mentioned photovoltaic cell group is slightly less than 40mm*40mm, further, is slightly less than 38mm*38mm.And, the launching spot area that parabolic mirror is formed at the light-receiving mouth of photoelectric conversion device is less than 35mm*35mm, make launching spot energy stronger, realize above-mentioned launching spot and can drop in the receiving surface of photovoltaic cell 462 groups completely, ensure to convert solar energy into electrical energy as much as possible.In another embodiment, above-mentioned each photovoltaic cell 462 is 10mm*10mm by optical range.
Concrete, the width of the light-receiving mouth on above-mentioned shell is greater than 60mm, can ensure that the receiving surface of photovoltaic cell 462 groups exposes completely, and ensures that launching spot falls into being subject in optical range of above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462 groups completely.
Further, with reference to Figure 13, above-mentioned photoelectric conversion device also comprises secondary condenser 465, and above-mentioned secondary condenser 465 comprises light input end (figure does not mark) and light output end (figure does not mark), light input end is rectangularly to draw close to light output end is intensive, and light output end optics connects photovoltaic cell 462.The light input end of above-mentioned secondary condenser 465 receives the sunlight injected from light-receiving mouth, and carries out secondary condensation, and the sunlight after secondary condensation is injected above-mentioned photovoltaic cell group by light output end.
The sunlight of above-mentioned some collective optics reflection is also uneven, by using secondary condenser, the uneven sunlight that above-mentioned some collective optics is launched is carried out further optically focused process, make the less light intensity of launching spot injected stronger, make the launching spot injecting above-mentioned photovoltaic cell 462 groups relatively uniform, improve the intensity of the sunlight that unit area photovoltaic cell 462 receives, to improve the utilization ratio of solar energy further.Concrete, above-mentioned secondary condenser is transmission type secondary condensation prism, or reflective secondary condensation cup.
Be positioned on solar tracking instrument during above-mentioned accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device application, by the automatic tracking position of sun of solar tracking instrument, make the some collective optics of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device and the angle of sunlight remain within the scope of several angle constant, or keep the some collective optics of accurate slot type point Photospot solar utilized device to be right against the sun.Concrete, the angle of the actual incident ray of the sun and ideal incident rays is δ, and, | δ |≤0.5 °.
Above-mentioned dimensional chain, comprise the focal length of parabolic mirror, receiving surface, reference angle, the size of launching spot, the receiving surface etc. of photovoltaic cell 462, take into account the restriction balancing secondary condenser 465 pairs of incident angle of light, the impact that the hot spot that solar tracking instrument departure causes rocks in light receiving zone, the desirable light reception intensity of photovoltaic cell 462, the tolerance scope restriction of the light reception intensity of photovoltaic cell 462 when uneven to extreme light, conductor cross-section size is to the restriction of electric current [strength, wire hardness is on the impact of circuit board, series boosting restrictive condition, realize photovoltaic cell 462 electric current derivation one by one, radiator 468 bulk and layout, the heat-conducting property of radiator 468, photovoltaic cell 462 is independent to be changed, point collective optics 440 machining accuracy allowed band, point collective optics 440 property easy for installation, the convenience that some collective optics 440 is clean, blast is on the impact of solar tracking instrument, the cost of system is the problems such as cheap as far as possible.
Further, above-mentioned concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 can be as the criterion slot light collection photo-thermal receiver equally, above-mentioned accurate slot light collection photo-thermal receiver adopts identical supporting structure with above-mentioned accurate slot light collection photovoltaic receiver, and the photoelectric conversion device 460 that the facula position place just converged by a collective optics 440 is arranged replaces with photothermal deformation receiver.In another embodiment, photothermal deformation receiver as shown in Figure 6.Concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 and concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 can use some collective optics 440 and the supporting structure of same size, because concentration photo-thermal receiver is not high to collective optics required precision, can use relative to concentration photovoltaic receiver 208 on concentration photo-thermal receiver 202 is collective opticses that error exceeds standard, make the reject rate of collective optics 440 level off to 0, thus system cost can be reduced further.
The above embodiment only have expressed several mode of execution of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. solar energy composite utilizes a system, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, for converting solar energy into heat energy by concentration photo-thermal receiver, the heat energy produced when being converted solar energy into electrical energy by concentration photovoltaic receiver and gather the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver, the conversion of heat into kinetic energy produced when the heat energy described concentration photo-thermal receiver produced by Rankine cycle and the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver;
Interconnective heat pump and user's heat-exchanger rig, described heat pump connects described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, for passing through described kinetic energy or electric energy, and completes refrigeration cycle in conjunction with described user's heat-exchanger rig or heats circulation.
2. solar energy composite according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system comprise:
Described concentration photo-thermal receiver, for converting solar energy into heat energy;
Middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, connects described concentration photo-thermal receiver, for storing the heat energy of described concentration photo-thermal receiver generation and conducting;
Described concentration photovoltaic receiver, for converting solar energy into electrical energy;
Low temperature heat exchanger, connects described concentration photovoltaic receiver, and the heat energy produced during for gathering the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver also conducts;
Interconnective decompressor and cooling unit, described decompressor and cooling unit are respectively by high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig middle described in pump and pipeline connection and low temperature heat exchanger; Described low temperature heat exchanger, middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, decompressor, cooling unit and pump form Rankine cycle circuit, the conversion of heat into kinetic energy in described Rankine cycle circuit;
DC-to-AC converter, connects described concentration photovoltaic receiver; Described concentration photovoltaic receiver is by described DC-to-AC converter output AC electricity;
Described DC-to-AC converter or described decompressor connect described heat pump respectively, for providing electric energy or kinetic energy for described heat pump.
3. solar energy composite according to claim 2 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system also comprise motor, and described motor connects described decompressor, for described kinetic energy is converted to electric energy;
Described motor connects described heat pump, for providing electric energy for heat pump.
4. solar energy composite according to claim 2 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig comprises:
Middle high temperature liquid container, described middle high temperature liquid container is full of the agent of fuse salt heat accumulation;
3rd heat exchanger, is placed in described high temperature liquid container, comprises the 3rd working medium entrance and the 3rd sender property outlet, and described 3rd working medium entrance is connected described concentration photo-thermal receiver with the 3rd sender property outlet respectively by pipeline; Wherein, the light cavity of concentration photo-thermal receiver described in described pipeline hot connecting;
4th heat exchanger, is placed in described high temperature liquid container, comprises the 4th working medium entrance and the 4th sender property outlet, and described 4th working medium entrance and the 4th sender property outlet are respectively by low temperature heat exchanger described in pipeline connection and described decompressor.
5. solar energy composite according to claim 2 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described low temperature heat exchanger comprises:
Low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank, is filled with anti-freeze cooling liquid, and is provided with cooling liquid entrance and cooling liquid outlet, and described cooling liquid entrance and cooling liquid outlet are respectively by the radiator of concentration photovoltaic receiver described in pipeline connection; Anti-freeze cooling liquid described in the energy heats produced during described concentration photovoltaic receiver heat radiation, entered described low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank by the anti-freeze cooling liquid heated and store heat exchange, the described anti-freeze cooling liquid through heat exchange cooling re-circulates to described concentration photovoltaic receiver formation heat-radiation loop;
5th heat exchanger, is placed in described low temperature liquid storage heat exchange tank, comprises the 5th working medium entrance and the 5th sender property outlet, and described 5th working medium entrance and the 5th sender property outlet are respectively by cooling unit described in pipeline connection and middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig; For will the heat radiation of described concentration photovoltaic receiver time the thermal energy conduction that produces to described middle high-temperature heat-storage heat-exchanger rig.
6. solar energy composite according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described concentration photo-thermal receiver is as the criterion slot type point concentration photo-thermal reception unit.
7. solar energy composite according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described concentration photovoltaic receiver is as the criterion slot type point condensation photovoltaic reception unit.
8. solar energy composite according to claim 1 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described heat pump comprises compressor, the First Heat Exchanger of selector valve and connection, expansion valve and the second heat exchanger;
Described compressor, connects described photovoltaic, solar-thermal generating system, for passing through described kinetic energy or electric energy compressed refrigerant;
Described selector valve, be provided with first end, the second end, the 3rd end and the 4th end, described first end, the second end are communicated with input end and the output terminal of described compressor respectively; Described 3rd end is communicated with described First Heat Exchanger; Described 4th end is communicated with described second heat exchanger; Described user's heat-exchanger rig connects described second heat exchanger by pipeline;
When described first end is communicated with the 3rd end, described second end is communicated with the 4th end, heats circulation described in described heat pump completes in conjunction with described user's heat-exchanger rig; When described second end is communicated with the 3rd end, described first end is communicated with the 4th end, and described heat pump completes described refrigeration cycle in conjunction with described user's heat-exchanger rig.
9. solar energy composite according to claim 8 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described First Heat Exchanger is ground-coupled heat exchanger.
10. solar energy composite according to claim 8 utilizes system, it is characterized in that, described second heat exchanger is water storage heat exchanger or ice storage heat exchanger.
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