CN104919993B - Straw pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw pulverizer, and relates to the technical field of pulverizing machinery. The pulverizer comprises a start end pulverizing mechanism, a transporting mechanism and a tail end pulverizing mechanism; the start end pulverizing mechanism includes a first pulverizing chamber, the first pulverizing chamber is internally provided with a rotary cutter axis and a cutter holder, the first pulverizing chamber is equipped with a feeding port and a discharging port, and a material support base is arranged at the discharging port; the transporting mechanism includes a conveyor belt, a material shovel is arranged in a driving direction of the conveyor belt, and the material shovel performs up-and-down motion by a hoisting frame; and the tail end pulverizing mechanism includes a second pulverizing chamber, the bottom of the second pulverizing chamber is equipped with a bottom cover which can performs rising and falling and rotation, a first material pulverizing fork is vertically arranged on the bottom cover, a pressure plate which can perform lifting motion inside the second pulverizing chamber is arranged at an opening of the second pulverizing chamber, and the lower surface of the pressure plate is provided with a second material pulverizing fork matching to the first material pulverizing fork. The inventive pulverizer can perform efficient cutting and pulverizing of rod crops.

Description

A kind of straw shredder

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of pulverizing machinery, in particular to a straw pulverizer.

Background technique

Crop straw is the main source of livestock feed, a large amount of straw needs to be crushed, but there is no practical and effective crusher that can crush straw with high efficiency, usually the straw is cut manually, not only the efficiency It is low and greatly consumes unnecessary human resources, so now a kind of machinery that can efficiently crush straw and other crops is needed.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a straw grinder capable of efficiently cutting and crushing rod-shaped crops.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a straw pulverizer, which comprises a starting crushing mechanism, a feeding mechanism and an end crushing mechanism, and the starting crushing mechanism includes a first crushing bin, and the first crushing bin A rotary knife shaft with a first blade is provided inside, and a knife seat matched with the rotary knife shaft is provided on the inner wall of the first crushing bin, the first crushing bin has a feed port and a discharge port, The material outlet is provided with a supporting base that can be lifted and rotated; the conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt whose starting end is located at the outlet, and a shovel is provided in the driving direction of the conveyor belt. Up and down movement; the terminal crushing mechanism includes a second crushing bin, the bottom of which is a bottom cover that can be lifted and rotated, and a first scrap fork is vertically arranged on the bottom cover. A pressure plate that can move up and down inside the second crushing bin is provided at the mouth of the bin, and the lower surface of the pressure plate is provided with a second scrap fork that matches the first scrap fork.

Preferably, the first crushing bin is a cylindrical structure arranged horizontally, the feeding port is located on the top of the first crushing bin, the feeding port is strip-shaped, and the length of the feeding port is the same as that of the first crushing bin. The lengths of the crushing bins are equal, the discharge port is located at the bottom of the first crushing bin, the length of the discharge port is also equal to the length of the first crushing bin, and support seats are connected to both ends of the first crushing bin, The material supporting base is in an arc shape matching the shape of the discharge port, and the two ends of the material supporting base are rotationally connected with the piston rods of the first cylinders inside the supporting seats on both sides through the first rotating shaft.

Preferably, the section of the rotary cutter shaft is fan-shaped, and the rotary cutter shaft includes a central shaft and four cutter bodies uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the central shaft, and the lengths of the central shaft and the cutter bodies are both the same as the first The length of the inner cavity of a crushing chamber is equal, and the end of the knife body is a strip-shaped first blade. On the inner wall of the first crushing chamber, strip-shaped knife seats are distributed along the circumferential direction of the first crushing chamber. The section of the knife seat is triangular, the knife seat has a second blade, and the rotary knife shaft is rotated by the first motor.

Preferably, the shovel is composed of a shoveling part and a collecting part, the shoveling part has a slope-shaped shoveling surface, and the top of the collecting part is a circular arc-shaped collecting trough.

Preferably, the lifting frame includes two oppositely arranged vertical beams, a lifting seat is connected to the top of the two vertical beams, vertical tracks are arranged on the two vertical beams, and the two sides of the shovel pass through the second The rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the vertical track, and a second motor is arranged in the lifting seat at the top, and the power output end of the second motor is connected with the two ends of the second rotating shaft on the lower side through a rope, and it is useful to connect one end of the second rotating shaft For turning the handle of the shovel.

Preferably, the second crushing bin is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, the top of the second crushing bin is open, and a row of first scrap forks vertically fixed on the upper surface of the bottom cover is provided on the bottom cover , the diameter of the pressure plate is equal to the inner diameter of the second crushing bin, and a row of second crushing forks vertically fixed on the lower surface of the pressure plate is provided on the lower surface of the pressure plate, the first crushing forks and the second The scrap forks do not overlap vertically and cross each other horizontally.

Preferably, the top surface of the pressure plate is connected to the piston rod of the second cylinder, the lower surface of the bottom cover is connected to the power output end of the third motor, and a support is provided at the lower part of the third motor, and the support The seat is connected with the piston rod of the third cylinder, the piston rod of the second cylinder is pushed downwards, and the piston rod of the third cylinder is pushed upwards.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the pulverizer can efficiently pulverize the crops through the preliminary pulverization at the beginning and the deep pulverization at the end, especially the two scrap forks in the second pulverization bin, through the two The cross rotation of two crushing forks can crush the crops very completely, and the crops are transferred between the first crushing bin and the second crushing bin through the conveying mechanism, which speeds up the crushing and transfer speed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the first crushing bin in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the rotary cutter shaft in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a side view of the lifting frame and the shovel in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the terminal crushing mechanism in Fig. 1 after the pressure plate is lowered;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the bottom cover in Fig. 1 .

Among them, 1. The first crushing chamber, 2. The first blade, 3. The knife seat, 4. The inlet, 5. The outlet, 6. The supporting base, 7. The conveyor belt, 8. The second crushing chamber, 9 , bottom cover, 10, first scrap fork, 11, pressure plate, 12, second scrap fork, 13, support seat, 14, first rotating shaft, 15, first cylinder, 16, central shaft, 17, knife Body, 18, vertical beam, 19, lifting seat, 20, vertical track, 21, the second rotating shaft, 22, crank handle, 23, the second cylinder, 24, the third motor, 25, bearing, 26, the third Cylinder, 27, shovel material part, 28, material collection part, 29, shovel material surface, 30, material collection tank.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail: as shown in Figure 1: a kind of stalk pulverizer, this pulverizer comprises beginning end crushing mechanism, feeding mechanism and terminal crushing mechanism, and described beginning end crushing mechanism includes The first crushing bin 1 is provided with a rotary cutter shaft with a first blade 2 inside the first crushing bin 1, and a knife seat 3 matched with the rotary cutter shaft is provided on the inner wall of the first crushing bin 1, so that The first crushing bin 1 has a material inlet 4 and a material outlet 5, and the material outlet 5 is provided with a support base 6 that can be lifted and rotated; The conveyor belt 7 is provided with a shovel in the transmission direction of the conveyor belt 7, and the shovel moves up and down by means of a lifting frame; the terminal crushing mechanism includes a second crushing bin 8, and the bottom of the second crushing bin 8 is liftable And the bottom cover 9 that rotates, the first crushing fork 10 is vertically arranged on the bottom cover 9, and the warehouse mouth of the second crushing bin 8 is provided with a pressure plate 11 that can move up and down inside the second crushing bin 8 , the lower surface of the pressure plate 11 is provided with a second scrap fork 12 matched with the first scrap fork 10 .

Regarding the crushing mechanism at the beginning: as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first crushing bin 1 is a cylindrical structure arranged horizontally, the feeding port 4 is located at the top of the first crushing bin 1, and the feeding port 4 is in the shape of a strip, the length of the inlet 4 is equal to the length of the first crushing bin 1, the outlet 5 is located at the bottom of the first crushing bin 1, and the length of the outlet 5 is also the same as that of the first crushing bin 1. The length of the first crushing bin 1 is equal, and the two ends of the first crushing bin 1 are connected with supporting seats 13, and the supporting base 6 is an arc shape matching the shape of the discharge port 5, and the supporting base 6 The two ends of 6 are rotatably connected with the piston rod of the first cylinder 15 inside the support base 13 on both sides through the first rotating shaft 14 . The cross-section of the rotary cutter shaft is fan-shaped, and the rotary cutter shaft includes a central axis 16 and four cutter bodies 17 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the central axis 16, and the lengths of the central axis 16 and the cutter bodies 17 are equal. Equal to the inner cavity length of the first crushing bin 1, the end of the cutter body 17 is a strip-shaped first blade 2, and on the inner wall of the first crushing bin 1, there are long A strip-shaped knife seat 3, the cross-section of the knife seat 3 is triangular, the knife seat 3 has a second blade, and the rotary knife shaft is rotated by a first motor.

Driven by the first motor, the rotary cutter shaft rotates continuously, and the first blade 2 on the cutter body 17 cooperates with the second blade on the knife seat 3. In the warehouse 1, it is constantly moving under the drive of the rotary knife shaft. When the crop passes the intersection of the first blade 2 and the second blade, it is cut off by the two blades. After continuous cutting, the crop is cut into sections. When the initial cutting of the crop is in place, the piston rod of the first cylinder 15 is lowered, so that the supporting base 6 will drop accordingly, and when the supporting base 6 leaves the discharge port 5, it will be supported under the action of gravity The material base 6 is automatically turned over, and the crops on the material support base 6 are dumped onto the conveyor belt 7, and then the overturned material support base 6 is manually reset and raised to the position of the discharge port 5. This is the initial crushing stage of the crops.

Regarding the feeding mechanism: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the shovel is composed of a shoveling part 27 and a material collecting part 28, the shoveling part 27 has a slope-shaped shoveling surface 29, and the material collecting part 28 The top of the top is an arc-shaped collecting tank 30. Described elevating frame comprises two vertical beams 18 that are arranged oppositely, is connected with lifting seat 19 at the top of two vertical beams 18, is provided with vertical track 20 on two vertical beams 18, and the both sides of described shovel passes through The second rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected with the vertical track 20, and is provided with a second motor in the lifting seat 19 on the top, and the power output end of the second motor is connected with the two ends of the second rotating shaft 21 on the lower side by a rope. One end of the two rotating shafts 21 is connected with a crank handle 22 for rotating the shovel.

When the crop is put on the conveyer belt 7, it will move with the movement of the conveyer belt 7. When it reaches the shovel, it will be scooped up by the shovel material surface 29 of the shovel, and it will be pushed into the collection tank 30. After the crops in the trough 30 are collected to a suitable height, the second motor is turned on, and the second motor pulls the rope to make the shovel rise along the vertical rails 20 on both sides. When rising to a suitable height, manually move the handle 22 to make it The second rotating shaft 21 rotates so that the shovel turns over, and the crops are dumped into the second crushing bin 8. This process is the process of lifting and transferring the crops.

Regarding the terminal crushing mechanism: as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the second crushing bin 8 is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, the top opening of the second crushing bin 8 is provided with a row of The first crushing fork 10 is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the bottom cover 9, the diameter of the pressure plate 11 is equal to the inner diameter of the second crushing bin 8, and a row of vertical forks fixed on the bottom surface of the pressure plate 11 is provided. The second scrap fork 12 on the lower surface of the tray 11, the first scrap fork 10 and the second scrap fork 12 do not overlap in the vertical direction and are arranged to cross each other in the horizontal direction. The top surface of the pressure plate 11 is connected to the piston rod of the second cylinder 23, the lower surface of the bottom cover 9 is connected to the power output end of the third motor 24, and a support 25 is provided at the bottom of the third motor 24. The support 25 is connected with the piston rod of the third cylinder 26, the piston rod of the second cylinder 23 is pushed downwards, and the piston rod of the third cylinder 26 is pushed upwards.

When the crops are sent to the inside of the second crushing bin 8, the second cylinder 23 drives the pressure plate 11 to perform a downward movement, so that the crops falling on the bottom cover 9 are squeezed between the pressure plate 11 and the bottom cover 9, as As shown in Fig. 5, after the pressure plate 11 descends, the second scrap fork 12 on the press plate 11 and the first scrap fork 10 on the bottom cover 9 are mutually crossed and arranged, and at this moment, the crop is positioned between the two, and the third motor is started 24, the bottom cover 9 is continuously rotated, and the first scrap fork 10 is also continuously rotated between the gaps of the second scrap fork 12 at the same time, so that the crops are forcibly crushed by the two scrap forks. As a result, blades can also be set on the first scrap fork 10 and the second scrap fork 12, so that it is easier to cut when they are rotated. After the crushing is completed, the piston rod of the third cylinder 26 descends, so that the bottom cover 9 descends, thereby Remove the crushed crops.

To sum up: the crusher can crush crops efficiently through preliminary crushing at the beginning and deep crushing at the end, especially the two crushing forks in the second crushing bin, through the intersection of the two crushing forks The rotation can crush the crops very completely, and the crops are transferred between the first crushing bin and the second crushing bin through the conveying mechanism, which speeds up the speed of crushing and transfer.

Claims (5)

1. A straw pulverizer, characterized in that: the pulverizer comprises a starting crushing mechanism, a feeding mechanism and an end crushing mechanism, and the starting crushing mechanism comprises a first crushing bin (1), and the first crushing bin (1) A rotary knife shaft with a first blade (2) is provided inside, and a knife seat (3) matched with the rotary knife shaft is provided on the inner wall of the first crushing bin (1), and the first crushing bin ( 1) It has a material inlet (4) and a material outlet (5). The material outlet (5) is provided with a support base (6) that can be lifted and rotated; The conveyor belt (7) at the feed port (5) is provided with a shovel in the transmission direction of the conveyor belt (7), and the shovel moves up and down by means of a lifting frame; the terminal crushing mechanism includes a second crushing bin (8), The bottom of the second crushing bin (8) is a bottom cover (9) that can be lifted and rotated, and a first scrap fork (10) is vertically arranged on the bottom cover (9). ) is provided with a pressure plate (11) that can move up and down inside the second crushing chamber (8), and the lower surface of the pressure plate (11) is provided with a the second crushing fork (12); the first crushing bin (1) is a cylindrical structure arranged horizontally, the feed inlet (4) is located at the top of the first crushing bin (1), and the feeding The mouth (4) is strip-shaped, the length of the inlet (4) is equal to the length of the first crushing bin (1), and the outlet (5) is located at the bottom of the first crushing bin (1) , the length of the discharge port (5) is also equal to the length of the first crushing bin (1), and the two ends of the first crushing bin (1) are connected with support seats (13), and the supporting base (6 ) is an arc shape that matches the shape of the discharge port (5), and the two ends of the supporting base (6) pass through the first rotating shaft (14) and the first cylinder (15) inside the support seats (13) on both sides. ) of the piston rod is rotationally connected; the section of the rotary cutter shaft is fan-shaped, and the rotary cutter shaft includes a central shaft (16) and four cutter bodies (17) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the central shaft (16) , the lengths of the central axis (16) and the cutter body (17) are equal to the length of the inner chamber of the first crushing bin (1), and the end of the cutter body (17) is a strip-shaped first blade (2) , on the inner wall of the first crushing bin (1), strip-shaped knife seats (3) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the first crushing bin (1), the section of the knife seat (3) is triangular, and the The knife seat (3) has a second knife edge, and the rotary knife shaft is rotated by means of a first motor. 2. A straw grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shovel is composed of a shovel part (27) and a material collection part (28), and the shovel part (27) has a slope Shaped shovel surface (29), the top of the collection portion (28) is an arc-shaped collection trough (30). 3. A kind of straw pulverizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lifting frame comprises two oppositely arranged vertical beams (18), and a lifting seat (18) is connected to the top of the two vertical beams (18). 19), two vertical beams (18) are provided with vertical rails (20), the two sides of the shovel are connected to the vertical rails (20) by the second rotating shaft (21), and the lifting seat at the top (19) is provided with a second motor, the power output end of the second motor is connected with the two ends of the second rotating shaft (21) on the lower side by a rope, and one end of the second rotating shaft (21) is connected with a shovel for rotating crank handle (22). 4. A straw grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second crushing bin (8) is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure, the top of the second crushing bin (8) is open, The bottom cover (9) is provided with a row of first scrap forks (10) vertically fixed on the upper surface of the bottom cover (9), and the diameter of the pressure plate (11) is the same as that of the second crushing bin (8). The inner diameters are equal, and a row of second scrap forks (12) vertically fixed on the lower surface of the press plate (11) is provided on the lower surface of the platen (11). The first scrap fork (10) and the second scrap fork The feed forks (12) do not overlap in the vertical direction and are arranged to cross each other in the horizontal direction. 5. A straw pulverizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: the top surface of the pressure plate (11) is connected to the piston rod of the second cylinder (23), and the bottom of the bottom cover (9) The surface is connected with the power output end of the third motor (24), the bottom of the third motor (24) is provided with a support (25), and the support (25) is connected with the piston rod of the third cylinder (26), The pushing direction of the piston rod of the second cylinder (23) is downward, and the pushing direction of the piston rod of the third cylinder (26) is upward.