CN104907673A - Installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen transferring pipeline - Google Patents
Installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen transferring pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN104907673A CN104907673A CN201510374780.0A CN201510374780A CN104907673A CN 104907673 A CN104907673 A CN 104907673A CN 201510374780 A CN201510374780 A CN 201510374780A CN 104907673 A CN104907673 A CN 104907673A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
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Abstract
The invention provides an installation method of an outdoor carbon steel oxygen transferring pipeline. The installation method comprises a pipeline prefabrication step, a cleaning step and a pair installation step. The pipeline prefabrication step comprises following steps: adopting a mechanical cutting method to discharge pipe material in order to obtain multiple pipe segments, polishing and flattening two ends of multiple pipe segments, and bevelling two ends of the multiple pipe segments by adoption of a bevelling machine. The cleaning step comprises steps of carrying out degreasing, acid pickling, neutralizing and passivating treatment to the pipeline in order. The pair installation step comprises the step of adopting a pairing device to pair pipe sections with pipe sections on a pairing platform. An internal-opening pairing device is adopted by pipe sections with external diameters above 426 mm. An external-opening pairing device is adopted by pipe sections with external diameters below 426 mm. After pairing operation is finished on an assembly platform, tack welding is performed. Then, combined pipe segments are obtained by welding counter-opening seams. The combined pipe segments are hoisted at an installation position as required. Pairing welding is carried out among the combined pipe segments and installed fixing pipe segments. The installation method of the outdoor carbon steel oxygen transferring pipeline is low in labor intensity and high in production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial oxygenerating field of engineering technology, especially relate to a kind of installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline.
Background technology
Outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline is that in the equipment room of industrial oxygenerating engineering, oxygen compressor is to the transfer tube of air accumulator, distribution station and terminal use, and the selection of material is seamless steel pipe, material Q235B, and design pressure is 2.4MPa.Its installation is the key operation project in industrial oxygenerating engineering gas, water, oxygen, nitrogen and freezing Pipe installing, and technical requirement is high, complex procedures, is one of restricted link affecting construction quality.
The way of prior art be treat at the construction field (site) welded tube road adopt oxy-acetylene to cut tool is manual opens slope, groove quality and precision can not ensure, and after pipeline welding is occurred in the cleaning operation of pipeline, therefore, easily there is some dead angles that cannot clean up, and the impurity such as the greasy dirt dust before welding, on pipeline can affect welding quality.Whole installation process labour intensity is large, and production efficiency is low, and installation quality is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline, to solve installation process difficult quality guarantee of the prior art, labour intensity is large, the technical problem that production efficiency is low.
The installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline provided by the invention, comprising:
Pipe prefabrication step, the method that described pipe prefabrication step comprises employing machine cuts carries out blanking to tubing, obtains multiple pipeline section, by smooth for the two ends reconditioning of multiple described pipeline section, then uses beveling machine finished edge at the two ends of multiple described pipeline section;
Cleaning step, described cleaning step comprises and carries out degreasing, pickling, middle conjunction and Passivation Treatment successively to pipeline;
Group is to installation steps, and described group to comprise employing group to installation steps right in the group of group to platform enterprising line pipe section and pipeline section to device, and wherein, the pipeline section that external diameter is greater than 426mm adopts internal orifice group to device, and the pipeline section that external diameter is less than 426mm adopts collar extension group to device; On assembly platform group to after carry out tack welding, then weld on assembly platform counterpart seam obtain combine pipeline section; Pipeline section lifting will be combined to required installation site;
Welding step, is grouping combination pipeline section with mounted fixing pipeline section and welds.
Further, described pipe prefabrication step also comprises following operation: before adopting the method for machine cuts to carry out blanking to tubing, first straightening is carried out to tubing, wherein, the use straightener that bore is less than the tubing of φ 159 carries out straightening, and the tubing that bore is more than or equal to φ 159 adopts fire bending method to carry out straightening and obtains straight length;
Further, described pipe prefabrication step also comprises following operation: filled stone sand in pipeline section, adopts fire bending method process pipeline section to obtain bend pipe.
Further, the welding of counterpart seam adopts with bottom argon arc welding, in the mode of weldering and cosmetic welding between manual electric arc welding implementation level, adopts the operation of rotation welding method to obtain combining pipeline section;
Further, described welding step comprises: back welding, interlayer weldering and cosmetic welding; Wherein, back welding adopts argon arc welding, and interlayer weldering and cosmetic welding adopt manual electric arc welding;
In adopting, landfilling area connection is fixed pipe overhead welding, and concrete operation is: the overhead welding part of welding gun outside pipe, and when playing weldering, welding wire should surmount the vertical center line of pipeline section counterpart, just to ignite electric arc to place to be welded, and adopts and shake welding method and up move along groove; Welding wire is down filled through gap by pipeline section top in molten bath.
Further, interlayer weldering and the weld job process of cosmetic welding are divided into rotating to weld and fix welds, and rotates weldering operation and completes on Tube formation platform, be fixedly welded in combination pipeline section and complete the closing in place of closing that place and pipeline install with the group of installing pipeline.
Further, described operating process of rotating weldering is: welding rod is at-20 ° of range of motion in 15 °, pipeline vertical center line both sides, and welding rod becomes 30 ° of angles with pipeline vertical center line; When assembly platform cannot be arranged, oblique vertical position welding position can be adopted to weld.
Further, stationary pipes interlayer and cosmetic welding adopt two halves welding to carry out, and welding order is: first weld in the overhead position, then vertical position welding, and last downhand welding forms two joints in overhead welding and downhand welding place; The half cycle of pipeline section is all must be at the whole solder joint playing solder joint and downhand position of overhead position.
Further, after completing described welding step, carry out the inspection step of pipe welding seam quality, the inspection of described pipe welding seam quality comprises: weld appearance quality inspection and the weld seam Non-Destructive Testing adopting radiography to carry out.
Further, after described weld inspection step completes, static electricity earthing device is installed, mounted pipeline is made a strength test and leak test, the all qualified laggard line pipe line purge operations of strength test and leak test, finally carries out preservative treatment on pipeline outer wall.
The installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline provided by the invention, first adopt beveling machine at the two ends finished edge of pipeline section, retaining wall on slope quality and machining accuracy can be guaranteed, and after processing groove, carry out cleaning operation immediately, remove the impurity such as the greasy dirt dust on pipeline, just carry out welding operation after pipeline cleaning completes, thus ensure that weldquality.The installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline provided by the invention have employed integrated construction technique; the outdoor pipeline being widely used in industrial oxygenerating engineering is installed; adopt this installation method; the labour intensity of operating worker can be reduced to greatest extent, ensure construction quality, improve labor productivity; job site environment obtains good protection; reduce energy consumption and construction cost, ensure that site safety is produced and construction quality, form the good performance of enterprises and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in detailed description of the invention or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The flow chart of the installation method of the outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the divided edge structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the divided edge structure schematic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the U-shaped compensator of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the tungsten electrode end construction schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is nozzle and the tube surface angle schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the welding gun lateral shake direction schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the interior sealing weld silk welding method schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the thumb feeding method schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the interlayer weldering of the embodiment of the present invention and the arc manipulation position view of cosmetic welding;
Figure 11 is the stationary pipes two halves welding schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the two halves welding arc manipulation position view of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the starting the arc position view of the stationary pipes welding of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the downhand welding joint top arc-welding method schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
1-welding wire; 2-pipe;
3-welding gun; 4-connector center;
The flat arm of 100-; 200-cantilever;
300-welding junction.
Detailed description of the invention
Be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as term " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " interior ", " outward " they be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship; be only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization; instead of instruction or imply the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.Wherein, term " primary importance " and " second place " are two different positions.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, concrete condition above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood.
The flow chart of the installation method of the outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention; As shown in Figure 1, the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline provided by the invention comprises following process.
One, material admission inspection
The tubing of carbon steel oxygen conveying pipe system is seamless steel pipe entirely.Enter tubing and the annex of job site, first need the data such as the manufacturing license of inspection manufacturing firm, the quality certification, quality of materials guaranty and chemical composition analysis, and check with design standard; Then carry out the visual examination of material, and check the physical indexs such as relevant ovality, external diameter, wall thickness, also should carry out chemical composition analysis selective examination if desired.Determine whole admission material appraise and decide errorless after, can formally enable.
Two, tubing rust cleaning
The rust cleaning operation of tubing adopts manually and half mechanical derusting method is carried out.
1, manually eliminate rust: adopt emery cloth (sand paper), perching knife, wire brush and the simple tool such as hand hammer, grinding wheel, in modes such as wiping, grind, shovel, brush, strike, the impurity such as the oxide on steel pipe surfaces externally and internally, corrosion are removed.
2, half mechanical derusting: manually use wind (electricity) emery wheel, wind (electricity) wire brush wheel etc. are simple and mechanical carries out.
3, tubing surfaces externally and internally derusting grade should reach St 3 grades.
(3) pipe prefabrication
The prefabricated processing of pipeline section and pipe fitting is carried out at processing space in advance.
1, the straightening of tubing: the straightening of minor caliber pipe (φ less than 159) is carried out on straightener, being suitable for machinery is spiral shell screw type forcing press, and the straightening employing fire bending method of large diameter pipeline (φ 159 and more than) is carried out.
2, blanking: the blanking of tubing adopts the method for machine cuts to carry out.
During machine cuts blanking, for external diameter φ 76 and following steel pipe, abrasive wheel cutting machine is adopted to cut, external diameter φ 89 and above steel pipe, adopt pipe cutting machine or arc sawing machine to cut, cut surface should be smooth, flawless, pipe, burr, iron filings etc., cut ends face tilt deviation is not more than 1% of pipe external diameter, and is no more than 2mm.
3, straight length is prefabricated: the two ends of straight length is first smooth with mechanical power head reconditioning, and two ends bevel for welding is opened slope method with machinery and carried out, and joint geometry and the size of docking two pipeline sections are grasped by table 1, and slope type is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Table 1 banjo fixing butt jointing pattern and size
4, bend pipe makes: first according to construction drawing, the specification of bend pipe is drawn as line chart, and presses same specification with after size confirmation, by following procedure operation:
The making of a, bend pipe adopts the method for fire bending to carry out, and JSN cord type heater selected by firing equipment, and its heating temperature range is 105-750 DEG C, pipe planted agent filling quartz sand, and its particle diameter is 1.0-2.0mm, and the heated length of pipeline section is calculated as follows:
L＝α·(πR+1.5Dw)/180+Dw
In formula: L---the length (m) that need heat during pipe hot bending
α---angle of bend (°)
R---bending radius (mm)
Dw---tube outer diameter (mm)
When b, making bend pipe, the bending radius of pipe should be greater than 3.5 times of tube outer diameter.
C, make the tubing of bend pipe wall thickness should be selected to be the tubing of plus tolerance.
D, bend pipe semi-finished product should be heat-treated: its process operation is undertaken by table 2.
Table 2 pipe fitting Heat Treatment Control program
5, U-shaped compensator is made: U-shaped compensator adopts a flat arm 100 and two cantilevers 200 to form.Under U-shaped compensator it should be noted that duty time prefabricated, the bending stress that flat arm 100 is subject to is maximum, and therefore welding junction 300 should not be placed on the central authorities of flat arm 100, in the middle part of the cantilever 200 being located at compensator as well (see Fig. 4).The effect of U-shaped compensator is the dilatation of the pipeline section that elimination causes due to environment temperature, eliminates the stress between pipeline section.
Three, clean
(1) degreasing
1, degreasing agent is selected by following requirement: preferably carbon tetrachloride, and its density is 1.6kg/m3, and the temperature that begins to boil is 76.6 DEG C; Rectifying ethanol, its ignition point is 404 DEG C, is 3.3%-19% with the mixed explosion limit of air.Also dichloroethanes can be selected under special circumstances.
2, the degreasing operation of inside pipe wall: one end stopper of pipe is blocked, solvent is poured into from the other end, then block with stopper, all surfaces in pipe is scrubbed by solvent, then solvent is released.To bigbore pipe, during degreasing operation, molten Ji can be dipped with clean mop, come and go dilatory tens of times, until thoroughly removed by the grease in pipe at tube interior.The degreasing of inside pipe wall, when the solvent used is for carbon tetrachloride or rectifying ethanol, after solvent is released, take nature to dry up or with without oily, without moisture and clean compressed air dry up; If when making degreasing agent with dichloroethanes, then apply nitrogen and dry up inside pipe wall, till blowing to the smell not having solvent, and the operation that placement more than 24 hours just can carry out next procedure should be continued always.
3, the degreasing of outer tube surface can be dipped solvent with the cotton yarn of cleaning or cotton and carried out wiping repeatedly, until pipe outer wall grease is cleaned out.
4, the complete and pipe through drying up of degreasing, should add stifled protection at pipe two ends.
5, degreasing inspection: undertaken by direct method.Namely with clean dry white filter paper wiping inner-walls of duct, without grease vestige on paper; With ultraviolet lamps irradiates, it is qualified that degreased surface has no purplish blue fluorescence.
(2) pickling, neutralization and passivation
The pickling work of pipeline section pipe fitting should strictly be undertaken by designing requirement, and the pickling work of inside pipe wall must ensure the unattacked surface not damaging metal while can removing corrosion part.
1, the preparation of pickle: preparation and the solvent strength of pickle are grasped by table 3.
Table 3 Acidwash solution formula
2, the method for operating of pickling: the operation of pickling is carried out with drill traverse method.Near pipe prefabrication processing space, position arranges descaling bath, material selection stainless acid resistant steel plate, field fabrication.First the methenamine of 1% concentration is inserted in groove during operation, again the hydrochloric acid of concentration 9-10% is inserted, after fully mixing, pipeline section, pipe fitting are put into groove and fully soaked 50min, pull is come and gone at inside pipe wall, until pipe internal corrosion is all removed totally again with on-the-spot special stainless steel wire brush.
3, during the pickling of drill traverse method, the concentration and the temperature that keep acid solution should be noted.
4, acid cleaning process terminates, and visual inspection inside pipe wall metal luster is qualified.
5, through pipeline section, the pipe fitting of pickling processes, 30min planted agent after acid cleaning process completes carries out Passivation Treatment, passivation be improve pH value and do not produce ferric hydroxide precipitate solution come in and pipeline section, pipe fitting may be adsorbed in during acidleach inside pipe wall iron rust so that inside pipe wall surface formed passivating film.
6, the preparation of neutralizer and passivating solution: in table 4
Table 4 neutralizes, preparation of passivation solution
7, neutralization and the operation of passivation: in arranging respectively near pickling processes place and deactivation slot, bottom land is semi arch structure, make with corrosion resistant plate, terminate precontract 40min at acid cleaning process, respectively by corresponding concentration ratio preparation neutralizer and passivating solution in neutralization chamber and deactivation slot.After clear water rinses, neutralization chamber is inserted by through the pipeline section of pickling processes, pipe fitting, neutralizer temperature is kept to be 80 DEG C, soak after about 20 minutes and take out, insert again in deactivation slot, passivating solution normal temperature in retention groove, abundant immersion was taken out after 30 minutes, air-dry after rinsing with partially salty water, or dried up with compressed air.
Four, group is to installation
Group is to installation procedure: and surveying setting-out → pipe support buttress builds → and support of pipelines installation → pipeline section group is right → solid, welding → lifting.
1, surveying setting-out: flow to according to the process pipelines that design drawing is determined and install coordinate, with theodolite determination pipe support buttress orientation, and using prefabricated pile as stake bit-identify.
2, the building of pipe support buttress: demarcate pipe support buttress direction and design pipe support buttress physical dimension excavation with measurement result, during Dun Keng excavation, the slope coefficient in four directions is 0.7.Complete excavation and after check of foundation subsoil is qualified formwork, install after built-in fitting, build C30 concrete with vibrator tamping, maintenance more than 72 hours.
3, the installation of support of pipelines: support of pipelines should press designing requirement processing and fabricating at processing space in advance, and through just can installation be proceeded to after the assay was approved.The installation of support of pipelines adopts welding; Should the paint of welding place, iron rust or mortar be needed to eliminate pre-embedded steel slab surface before installation clean, the installation site of support is made in line thereon, adopt manual electric arc welding bracket upright post spot welding to be fixed, with horizon rule and iron chains head, levelling capturing is carried out to it, then complete whole welding.Check with or without solder skip, owe the defects such as weldering or weld crack, if should give elimination.
4, pipe string: pipeline section carries out on stand in movable tube group the group of pipeline section, and following requirement should be met:
A, the order determined by lifting pipeline scheme carry out the group of pipeline section to work;
B, group should be worn white canvas gloves to operating personnel and be operated, and gloves must not speckle with greasy dirt and other impurity;
C, mouth of pipe group are to front, and application hand grinder or electric angle grinder are cleared up pipe end slope-mouth surface and both sides, remove remaining burr and dirt.Cleaning scope answers >=15mm width, afterwards through visual examination, must not have the defect such as crackle, slag inclusion.
Group correspondence between d, pipeline section, pipe fitting makes its inwall smooth, and the unfitness of butt joint between inwall answers≤10% pipe thickness, and≤1mm.
5, right operation is organized:
A, group are carried out device employing dedicated set, and the pipeline section that pipe external diameter is greater than 426mm adopts internal orifice group to device, and the pipeline section that pipeline butt organ pipe external diameter is less than 426mm adopts collar extension group to device.
B, when adopting soldering group to jig, the dismounting application oxygen one acetylene flame cutting of jig, the crator remained is applied portable grinder buffing and is fallen.
C, through group to and two mouth of pipe center lines after fixing should on the same line, its glacing flatness deviation must not more than 1mm/m.
D, forbid reducing unfitness of butt or nonconcentricity deviation by the right method of powerful group, also not handy heating reduces alignment clearance.
6, tack welding: place and the operation of tack welding should meet following requirement:
A, place should not wind-engaging, rain, snow impact;
B, technique and welding material should require consistent with pipeline welding;
C, fusion length are 15-20mm, and spot welding is highly 2-4mm, and is no more than 2/3 of pipe thickness;
The spacing of d, weld seam is determined with regard to pipe diameter size, is generally advisable with 50-200mm, and each weld bond must not be less than three places.
7, the welding of pipeline section is combined: pipeline section group on assembly platform, to complete, after spot welding firmly, should weld counterpart seam at assembly platform, the welding of counterpart seam adopts the weldering of argon Electricity Federation, namely with bottom argon arc welding, with between manual electric arc welding implementation level and the welding of capping, adopt and rotate welding method operation.
8, pipeline section lifting is combined: the length of combination pipeline section is suitable to being spliced into 2-3 root steel pipe, must not more than 4.After welding pipeline section group be installed as mobile hoisting operation, adopt mechanical work method to complete.According to operation field condition, select 8 tons of wheel tyre truck cranes or 10 tons of link belt type truck cranes to be hoisting machine tool, the lifting operation of conduit assembly should follow following steps:
A, determine lifting operation order: the sequence of operation of lifting according to oxygen compressor equipment machine room for axle center first far away after near, tubule after first bassoon, the principle of lower pipe after first eminence pipe, should be arranged near machine room pipeline exports as far as possible with the installation of indoor defeated oxygen pipeline close segments, and the closing in close segments that vertical pipeline section is installed as pipeline should be utilized as far as possible.
B, determine to lift the starting point of pipeline: the starting point of combination pipeline section lifting should be the access port of air reservoir entrance or distribution station distributor entrance or terminal use.
C, determine lifting operation condition and personnel: the lifting of combination pipeline section should be carried out by day, and weather should be fine, and without strong wind; Operation team establishes commander one people, and should hold effective lifting operation card on duty, experienced, reaction is quick.
D, lifting operation: 1. check pipeline trend by designing requirement, whether the specification intending lifting sub-assembly conforms to design; Measure a pipe coordinate height by lifting sequence and adjust by design grade requirement; That carries out the security protection of high-rise working and enclosed structure arranges work.2. during lifting combination pipeline section, pipe shaft should be tied up by hoisting point position steel wire jack line as calculated, be not able to jig clamp pipe port, in order to avoid damage pipe end slope-mouth, each pipeline assembly is unsuitable long, with 12-20m as well, the longest should more than 24m, counterpart weld seam should tie up centre a little at lifting jack line two.3. lift by crane process can not accomplish in one move, the process of hoisting of loop wheel machine should be divided into three steps, after lifting combination pipeline section makes it to leave assembling stand, slowly should come downwards to overhead about one meter of, stop and hoist again for about 2 minutes, combination pipeline section is hung and delivers to pre-installed position, personnel adjustment installed height mark to be installed, the gradient and assemble counterpart and off the hook again after tack welding with front tubulature section.
Five, weld
Welding step comprises: back welding, interlayer weldering and cosmetic welding.
The welding method of pipe weld seam adopts the weldering of argon Electricity Federation, and namely back welding adopts argon arc welding, and interlayer and cosmetic welding adopt manual electric arc welding.
1, argon arc back welding: the welding equipment of back welding selects WSM-250 model and WSM-315 type manual tungsten plate argon arc welding machine, by following procedure operation:
A, welding condition are selected: according to the PQR done thickness of pipe wall different from welding material, joint geometry and method of operating, and argon arc back welding technological parameter is selected as table 5, and welding wire selects H08Mn2Si.
Table 5 back cover argon-are welding technology parameter
B, welds prepares: before formally carrying out back welding, first should check the power circuit of welding machine, power supply connection (straight polarity direct current), gas circuit should be in normal condition.The inside diameter surface of tube surface and pipe bevel both sides 20-30mm all should be cleaned out, tungsten electrode should be ground to the shape (see Fig. 5 tungsten electrode end shape) of needs, it is suitable that nozzle size should be selected, regulate the length that tungsten electrode stretches out nozzle, choose various process parameters simultaneously, before snapping prerequisite, 5-10s send argon, and to get rid of the air of airline hose, welding gun and joint to be welded, adjustment pressure reducer and flowmeter regulate suitable argon flow amount.
The operation of c, rotation weldering, downhand welding, stationary pipes down hill welding: after striking, when not affecting sight line, as far as possible adopt short arc, to increase the protected effect of argon gas.Reduce the width of heat affected area simultaneously, prevent welding deformation.Welding gun nozzle should keep comparatively mitre (see Fig. 6), to strengthen the protected effect of gas perpendicular to tube surface or with tube surface as far as possible.The distance of nozzle and tube surface generally should more than 10mm.When carrying out large diameter pipeline welding, can nozzle be leaned against on groove, namely be rely on groove face, carry out rectilinear movement or the teeter (see Fig. 7) of welding gun, the speed of teeter should be even, so both can ensure that the distance of nozzle and pipe fitting was minimum, can ensure again that the distance of nozzle and pipe fitting in welding process was substantially constant.
The operation of d, stationary pipes overhead welding: adopt " interior landfilling area connection " welding, operation is carried out in the following manner: the overhead welding part of welding gun 3 outside pipe 2, work welding wire 1 when welding and should surmount counterpart vertical center line (see Fig. 8), just ignited electric arc in place to be welded, and adopt " shaking welding method " up to move along groove.Welding wire 1 is down filled through gap by pipe 2 top in molten bath, and welder can observe the situations such as molten bath, the filling of welding wire 1 and the shaping of weld seam from top by gap.Namely welder need not face upward face position but operate in the position being equivalent to downhand welding, therefore more laborsaving.Also can clearly see molten bath and weld seam simultaneously.Be conducive to the welding quality ensureing overhead welding part.The concrete operations of welder should be noted: right hand torch 3; left hand four refers to close up; thumb pushes down welding wire (see Fig. 9); keep left the repeatedly mobile constantly toward wire feed in molten bath of hand thumb; such welding wire need not be twitched back and forth; thus keep its end to be in all the time among the protection of argon gas, thus ensure the welding quality of overhead welding.
2, interlayer weldering and cosmetic welding: interlayer welds and adopts manual electric arc welding with cosmetic welding, welding equipment selects BX1-500 type and BX1-500-1 type ac arc wedling machine, its weld job process is divided into rotates weldering and fixing weldering, rotate weldering operation to complete on Tube formation stand, be fixedly welded in combination pipeline section and with the group of installing pipeline, the closing in place of closing that place and pipeline install completed.
The selection of a, major weld process parameters: according to qualification of welding procedure, quality of parent material, different thickness of pipe wall and different joint form, select main technologic parameters as table 6
Table 6 interlayer and cosmetic welding main technologic parameters
B, welding process flow: in groove, striking → preheating plays the visible molten bath of solder joint → formed → force down welding rod and becomes short arc operation → fill up → capping to full weld seam → receipts head reduction molten bath in groove arc manipulation → maintenance action of rolling to each side.
The operation of c, rotation weldering: the multilayer welding of rotating weldering, arc manipulation scope should be selected at downhand position (see Figure 10), and namely welding rod is at-20 ° of range of motion in 15 °, pipeline vertical center line both sides, and welding rod becomes 30 ° of angles with vertical center line.Adopt crescent gimmick, push down electric arc and do teeter.The weld seam of neat appearance can be obtained like this.When assembling stand and cannot arranging, oblique vertical position welding position can be adopted to weld, both can ensure easy to operate, reduce welder's labour intensity, welding quality is also secure.
The welding of d, stationary pipes: stationary pipes interlayer and cosmetic welding adopt two halves welding to carry out, and welding program is: overhead welding → vertical position welding → downhand welding.Molten iron is well separated with slag to adopt this method to ensure, saturating degree controls than being easier to, its method is, along vertical center line, pipe is divided into equal two halves, carries out the welding of facing upward, standing, put down three kinds of positions respectively, forms two joints (see Figure 11) in overhead welding and downhand welding place.
Its main points are as follows:
First, align spot welding weld bond, on the groove of overhead weld, striking is in the gap of weld seam, bakes hot start place (used time 3-5S) with long arc.After preheating, pressure short electric arc burn through root gap welding rapidly.When welding in the overhead position to oblique overhead position arc manipulation, should ensure partly to punch state; To oblique vertical position welding and downhand position, top arc welding can be utilized.Its arc manipulation angle change procedure and position are as shown in figure 12.For ease of overhead welding and downhand welding joint, weld last hour, all must be over the half cycle (surmounting center line 5-8mm see Figure 13) of pipe at the whole solder joint playing solder joint and downhand position of overhead position
When the second half of girth weld, arc manipulation method substantially with first half Zhou Xiangtong, but arc manipulation to overhead welding and downhand welding joint time, should note following some:
Jointing method during overhead welding: due to defects such as a weldering easily produce pore, lack of penetration, therefore it is long the former weld seam electric arc playing weldering place should to be prescinded about 10mm during joint, forms gentle slope shape and cuts groove, so that joint.Weld is from the rear end of cutting groove, and arc manipulation is sure not arc extinguishing to during connector center 4, welding rod upwards must be pushed up, to punch unfused root, makes joint completely fused
2. the jointing method of downhand welding: first repair joint place, makes into a gentle slope shape; Select moderate current value (about 100A), when arc manipulation is to oblique vertical position of welding, welding rod leans forward, keep top arc-welding and keep teeter (see Figure 14), when still having 3-5mm to be about to closed apart from joint, never can arc extinguishing, when tab closure, welding rod need be sold minute-pressure once inwards, now, can hear that electric arc punches " titter " sound of root, swing back and forth to extend the time of staying in joint simultaneously, thus ensure fusion fully, must molten bath be filled up before blow-out, then electric arc be guided into groove side and extinguish.
3. smooth for ensureing joint, 2 points should be noted when changing welding rod.One is when molten bath still keeps red heat state, and just promptly from striking before molten bath to molten bath center tip, arc manipulation is wanted flexibly, and action wants quick; Two is under special circumstances, and weld seam cooling is too fast, so that molten bath cools completely, and weld seam terminal forms darker pit because of cooling meat, and when producing the defect such as pore, crackle, then must cut groove with electric arc or manual repairing can welding.
Six, weld inspection
Weld inspection should mainly grasp presentation quality inspection and Non-Destructive Testing two links.
1, presentation quality inspection: following requirement (see table 7) should be reached through visual examination and by gage measuring, weld appearance quality
| Sequence number | Defect title | Quality requirement |
| 1 | Crackle | Do not fill and permitted |
| 2 | Surface inclusion | Do not fill and permitted |
| 3 | Undercut | Do not fill and permitted |
| 4 | Lack of penetration | Do not fill and permitted |
| 5 | Root shrinks | ≤ 0.2+0.02 δ and≤1mm |
| 6 | Reinforcement | ≤ 1+0.1b and be 3mm to the maximum |
Table 7 soldered appearance requirement
2, the Non-Destructive Testing of weld seam:
The Non-Destructive Testing of a, face of weld carries out Magnetic testing according to design document regulation, and its method of inspection, amount of inspection and quality should meet the regulation of design and relevant criterion.
The detection method of b, weld seam internal soundness adopts radiography inspection, and the ratio of sampling observation is 5%; Also can adopt ultrasonic inspection, the quantity of its inspection should meet the regulation of design document and relevant criterion.Characterization processes and quality grading should meet the regulation of GB " steel melting banjo fixing butt jointing radiography and quality grading " (GB3323) and " the manual ultrasonic method of detection of steel weld seam and result of detection classification " (GB11345).
Seven, static electricity earthing device is installed
Static electricity earthing device comprises the installation of ground terminal, downlead, earth connection and grounding body, earth resistance must not be greater than 10 Ω, in pipeline, all flange connections should weld the jumper of conduction, jumper can adopt copper bar or be welded with the copper conductor of terminal stud, and the spacing that static electricity earthing device is arranged is 80m.
Earthing or grounding means way: down conductor is led with 40 × 5 band steels, grounding body adopts 50 × 50 hot-rolled angle steels.Pipe outer wall or pipe support arrange ground connection termination again downlead is connected with grounding body, method of attachment is: downlead and grounding body are welded to connect, ground connection termination and downlead are that bolt is connected, and connecting bolt is M10 × 30, and grounding body inserts subterranean depth and is not less than 2.5m.
Eight, strength test
1, the preparation before test: the Pipe installing engineering in a, trial stretch is except japanning, and all complete by design drawing, its quality complies with relevant regulations; Pipeline between b, trial zone is reinforced, and has installed high point emptying, low spot discharging valve door; C, treat test tube section nothing to do with system with blind plate or take other measure to separate, treat that the safety valve in test tube section, explosion plate and instrument element etc. have been pulled down or isolated; D, testing program are ratified, and have carried out safe practice and tell somebody what one's real intentions are; The environment temperature of e, duration of test should be not less than 5 DEG C.
2, test(ing) medium: test(ing) medium adopts pure water, and wherein the content of chlorion must not more than 25mg/L, and water temperature is not less than 5 DEG C.
3, test operation: open exhaust-valve and fill water to pipeline section between trial zone, close exhaust-valve, boost to system water filling with motor test pump, when reaching 70% of specified testing pressure, should rate of pumping be adjusted, change to make pressure and reduce to minimum, and ensure that pressure increment is not more than 70Kpa.In boost process, leak test conscientiously should be carried out in all joints of pipe, when reaching test pressure, should termination of pumping in time, and check whether all joints of pipeline leak, and whether test pressure keeps simultaneously.Then disconnect, check the leakage situation of pump and pipeline junction, start to calculate the test period, and carry out every relative recording after complete, each joint of voltage stabilizing cycle interior conduit specified in design and specification has no leakage, and it is qualified that Displaying Meter has no pressure drop.Then low spot discharging valve door is opened, pressure release draining.
Nine, leak test
Leak test is carried out after pipe-line system strength test is qualified.Test(ing) medium adopts the air of nitrogen or cleaning, and test temperature must higher than the brittle transition temperature of carbon steel, and test pressure should meet the regulation of designing technique file, and process of the test should take effective safety measure, and its operating process is as follows:
Before on-test, should be inflated to test pressure in pipeline, keep 2 hours, after the voltage stabilizing of design code time, instrument display pressure drop is qualified in design and specification prescribed limit.
Ten, pipeline purges
1, the purging of pipeline adopts compressed air to carry out, equipment choosing 10m3/min air compressor, in the conceived case, should utilize the large-scale compressor of process units to carry out as far as possible, the pressure purged must not exceed the pressure of ductwork design, and flow velocity is not less than 20m/s.
2, the compressed air purged should be clean, and imperial its must not have greasy dirt.
3, the length at every turn purging pipeline section should flow to according to pipeline technology, purge pressure and tolerance is determined, should more than 2KM.
4, purge and repeatedly should carry out several, in purge, after range estimation exhaust smokeless and dust free, the wooden target plate inspection of pasting calico or being coated with white paint should be set at exhaust outlet, in 5min on target plate without iron rust, dustiness, moisture and other foreign material, square is qualified.
11, pipeline japanning
1, pipe surface process: before japanning construction, pipe surface dirt and oxide should be removed, must not there be welding slag, burr in commissure, the certain applications electric angle grinder reconditioning of weld seam superelevation is smooth, tube surface should be rustless, and without oil, alkali-free is sour, anhydrous, free from dust etc.
2, the preparation before japanning: coating should be chosen according to designing requirement, and be familiar with performance and the using method of coating; Just should can use after fully stirring after bucket driven by paint vehicle, if any coat of paint or particle in paint, re-use after should filtering with 120 mesh filter screens.Should according to the requirement of the japanning mode be suitable for, adopt the diluent with coatings system, being formulated to suitable working viscosity could use.
3, the operational method of japanning:
The environment temperature of a, paint work should between 15-35 DEG C, and relative humidity should below 70%;
B, operation field surrounding air are clean, free from dust and steam;
C, method of lacquering adopt mechanically spraying, and during operation, the movement of nozzle should be even, and speed should keep being held between 10-18m/min, uses compressed-air actuated pressure for 0.2-0.4Mpa;
The number of plies of d, paint film and thickness should be determined according to design, but the thickness of every layer of paint film more than 40 μm, must not should have the fully dry time after being often coated with coast of paint, could be coated with lower one deck after the real drying of front one deck.
The technological principle of outdoor carbon steel oxygen cathete pipe fitting method provided by the invention is:
1.1 technologies adopt back-up sand fire bending method prefabricated pipe fitting, change stewing process tube wall stress distribution situation and condition of molding;
Slope is opened in the rotary-cut of 1.2 suitable configuration not isotype cutter beveling machine, is suitable for different groove type, can ensures out slope quality to greatest extent;
1.3 utilize pipeline to adhere to greasy dirt, oxide (iron rust) and degreasing agent, pickling, the decomposition of passivating solution under certain environment condition, neutralization reaction, realize being separated of dirt and pipeline surfaces externally and internally;
1.4 butt welding of pipelines adopt argon Electricity Federations weldering, its back cover argon arc welding shake soldering method, namely with groove face be rely on, carry out rectilinear movement and the at the uniform velocity teeter of welding gun, realize the fusion of counterpart weld seam bottom;
Silk filling method back cover argon arc welding in stationary pipes overhead welding, changes welding gun and the operator scheme of wire feed in side, keeps its end to be among the protection of argon gas all the time;
The manual electric arc welding of 1.5 interlayers and capping, it rotates weldering arc manipulation scope and selects downhand position, and the movement of welding rod and pipeline rotate makes reverse movement, and with uniform teeter;
Stationary pipes welding adopts two halves weldings, namely divides Guan Zhouwei two halves circumference equally along vertical center line, to face upward, to stand, the diverse location welding of downhand welding.Can ensure that molten iron is effectively separated with slag, and then ensure welding quality.
Outdoor carbon steel oxygen cathete pipe fitting method provided by the invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) adopt batch production prefabricated processing method (in factory in advance process pipeline), guarantee the prefabricated crudy of pipe fitting, raise the efficiency.
(2) pipeline section, the pipe fitting butting grooves of each specification, all use beveling machine to carry out machinery and open slope, groove physical dimension is accurate, superior in quality, for ensureing that welding quality provides prerequisite.
(3) Chemical cleaning carries out operation break-down continuous flow process technology, and improve utilization of area rate and operation work efficiency, chemical cleaning solution (agent) adopts sealed storage, and the process of remaining liquid centralized recovery is environmental.
(4) the back cover argon arc welding of rotation weldering, stationary pipes down hill welding adopts shakes welding method operation, and the argon arc back welding of stationary pipes overhead welding adopts interior silk filling method operation, significantly reduces labor strength, improves efficiency, ensure that welding quality.
(5) interlayer of stationary pipes and cosmetic welding adopt two halves welding, improve the reaction condition of welding pool, the discharge of favourable gas and slag.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. an installation method for outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline, is characterized in that, comprising:
Pipe prefabrication step, the method that described pipe prefabrication step comprises employing machine cuts carries out blanking to tubing, obtains multiple pipeline section, by smooth for the two ends reconditioning of multiple described pipeline section, then uses beveling machine finished edge at the two ends of multiple described pipeline section;
Cleaning step, described cleaning step comprises and carries out degreasing, pickling, middle conjunction and Passivation Treatment successively to pipeline;
Group is to installation steps, and described group to comprise employing group to installation steps right in the group of group to platform enterprising line pipe section and pipeline section to device, and wherein, the pipeline section that external diameter is greater than 426mm adopts internal orifice group to device, and the pipeline section that external diameter is less than 426mm adopts collar extension group to device; On assembly platform group to after carry out tack welding, then weld on assembly platform counterpart seam obtain combine pipeline section; Pipeline section lifting will be combined to required installation site;
Welding step, is grouping combination pipeline section with mounted fixing pipeline section and welds.
2. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pipe prefabrication step also comprises following operation: before adopting the method for machine cuts to carry out blanking to tubing, first straightening is carried out to tubing, wherein, the tubing that bore is less than φ 159 uses straightener to carry out straightening, and the tubing that bore is more than or equal to φ 159 adopts fire bending method to carry out straightening and obtains straight length.
3. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pipe prefabrication step also comprises following operation: filled stone sand in pipeline section, adopts fire bending method process pipeline section to obtain bend pipe.
4. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the welding of counterpart seam adopts with bottom argon arc welding, and in the mode of weldering and cosmetic welding between manual electric arc welding implementation level, employing is rotated welding method operation and obtained combining pipeline section.
5. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described welding step comprises: back welding, interlayer weldering and cosmetic welding; Wherein, back welding adopts argon arc welding, and interlayer weldering and cosmetic welding adopt manual electric arc welding;
In adopting, landfilling area connection is fixed pipe overhead welding, and concrete operation is: the overhead welding part of welding gun outside pipe, and when playing weldering, welding wire should surmount the vertical center line of pipeline section counterpart, just to ignite electric arc to place to be welded, and adopts and shake welding method and up move along groove; Welding wire is down filled through gap by pipeline section top in molten bath.
6. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, interlayer weldering and the weld job process of cosmetic welding are divided into rotating to weld and fix welds, rotate weldering operation to complete on Tube formation platform, be fixedly welded in combination pipeline section and with the group of installing pipeline, the closing in place of closing that place and pipeline install completed.
7. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described operating process of rotating weldering is: welding rod is at-20 ° of range of motion in 15 °, pipeline vertical center line both sides, and welding rod becomes 30 ° of angles with pipeline vertical center line; When assembly platform cannot be arranged, oblique vertical position welding position can be adopted to weld.
8. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, stationary pipes interlayer and cosmetic welding adopt two halves welding to carry out, welding order is: first weld in the overhead position, vertical position welding again, last downhand welding, forms two joints in overhead welding and downhand welding place; The half cycle of pipeline section is all must be at the whole solder joint playing solder joint and downhand position of overhead position.
9. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, after completing described welding step, carry out the inspection of pipe welding seam quality, the inspection of described pipe welding seam quality comprises: the Non-Destructive Testing of the weld seam that weld appearance quality inspection and employing radiography are carried out.
10. the installation method of outdoor carbon steel oxygen therapy pipeline according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, after described weld inspection step completes, static electricity earthing device is installed, mounted pipeline is made a strength test and leak test, the all qualified laggard line pipe line purge operations of strength test and leak test, finally carries out preservative treatment on pipeline outer wall.
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Application publication date: 20150916 |