CN104887216A - Multi-light-beam coherent human body skin perfusion imaging system and method - Google Patents
Multi-light-beam coherent human body skin perfusion imaging system and method Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-light-beam coherent human body skin perfusion imaging system and a multi-light-beam coherent human body skin perfusion imaging method, and belongs to the field of clinical diagnosis. The imaging system is composed of a laser, a light-way divider, a single-mode fiber, a high-speed camera, an optical fiber, a computer and the like. By utilizing a scattering function of coherent light spread in human tissue, through a scattering characteristic, multi-light-beam coherent lighting improves coherent light, of special fibers, and through combination with advantages of traditional laser speckle contrast imaging and laser Doppler blood flow monitoring technologies, accurate body surface perfusion imaging of a human body is obtained. The method can obtain the imaging depth consistent with the imaging depth of laser Doppler blood flow monitoring, and can also achieve high temporal-spatial resolution consistent with temporal-spatial resolution of the laser speckle contrast imaging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a skin perfusion imaging technology for monitoring tissue blood flow in a noninvasive and real-time manner, in particular to a multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system and a method, belonging to the field of clinical tissue blood flow imaging.
Background
In the early 1960 s, the inventors and first used lasers found that some random, granular specks formed when the laser irradiated the rough surface. At first they call this effect "particles", later called "speckle". Speckle is that when laser light is irradiated on a relatively rough (compared with the wavelength of light) object surface, scattered light passing through different optical paths interfere with each other to form a random interference pattern.
When the area illuminated by the laser passes through the CCD imaging system, granular or speckle-like image speckles are generated. If the scattering medium is in motion, each pixel in the image will produce a speckle pattern that varies over time. The intensity variations of the pattern in time and space contain information on the motion of the scattering medium. Quantitative flow rate information can be obtained by analyzing the temporal variation of speckle intensity (e.g., laser doppler velocimetry), or the spatial statistical properties of the intensity variation (e.g., laser speckle contrast imaging).
The laser Doppler velocity measurement technology can be used for measuring the blood velocity of the tissue microvasculature without damage and continuously, and is widely applied due to wide application range and simple and convenient operation. However, the laser doppler technique can only sample and measure the blood flow velocity point by point, and a scanning device and the like are needed for imaging, so that the spatial resolution is low.
The principle of the method is that coherent light is irradiated on a blood vessel and is scattered by red blood cells moving in the blood vessel to interfere with each other to form spot type light intensity distribution, and the speed information of moving particles can be obtained by analyzing the speckle blurring effect of a time domain or a space domain caused by the movement of the red blood cells. The laser speckle contrast imaging technology can realize higher spatial resolution and time resolution without scanning, can monitor the change of the vessel diameter and the blood flow velocity in a living body, dynamically and in a non-contact manner, obtains a plurality of indexes of hemodynamics, has the advantages of full-field imaging, strong real-time performance, simple structure and the like, and is paid more and more attention by neuroscience workers and medical workers. However, laser speckle contrast imaging can only acquire blood flow velocity information of the skin surface, and cannot acquire depth information.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of combining a laser Doppler principle and a laser speckle contrast imaging technology and aims to provide a multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system and method, which are reasonable in design, simple in method and relatively low in cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the idea of the invention is as follows:
the light emitted by the laser is uniformly irradiated on the surface of the measured tissue through the output optical fiber to form multi-beam coherent light, and after the multi-beam coherent light is superposed and enters the tissue, a randomly distributed scattering pattern is formed due to the scattering of tissue cells in the propagation process. And controlling a high-speed camera to acquire data through a computer, and acquiring back scattering light to obtain a scattering pattern. In data analysis, firstly, the perfusion volume of skin tissues is solved by means of Fourier transform based on the principle of laser Doppler, so that the imaging depth of the skin tissues is consistent with that of laser Doppler blood flow detection, and then contrast analysis is used for obtaining the estimation of coherence time, so that the imaging spatial resolution of the skin tissues is consistent with that of laser speckle contrast imaging. Therefore, the method has the main advantages of detecting the imaging depth, improving the imaging resolution, and detecting and displaying in real time in the aspect of time resolution.
According to the conception, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system comprises a laser, an optical splitter, single-mode fibers, a high-speed camera, a light filter, an adjusting support and a computer, wherein the single-mode fibers are installed on the optical splitter, the laser is connected with the single-mode fibers at the input end of the optical splitter, the single-mode fibers at the output end of the optical splitter uniformly surround a lens of the high-speed camera, the light filter is tightly attached to the lens of the high-speed camera, the computer is connected with the laser and the high-speed camera to control the on-off of the laser and the acquisition of images, one end of the adjusting support is connected with the high-speed camera, and the other end of the.
The wavelength of the light emitted by the laser is 830 nm.
The optical filter filters light with the wavelength below 800 nm.
The optical splitter is a single input 16 output.
The 16 output optical fibers of the optical splitter uniformly surround the camera lens.
The frame rate of the high-speed camera reaches 10000 frames per second, and in the system, the high-speed camera respectively works in a high-speed mode and a low-speed mode, wherein the high speed is 1 ten thousand frames per second, and the low speed is 200 frames per second.
A multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging method adopts the multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system, and comprises the following imaging steps:
A. adjusting to an imaging position: moving the adjusting bracket according to the position of the imaging object to enable the lens of the high-speed camera to be aligned to the surface of the skin; opening the high-speed camera through software, and adjusting the distance between the high-speed camera and the skin surface according to the imaging area to stop the high-speed camera at the clearest position of the image;
B. turning on the laser: controlling to turn on a laser through software, enabling the laser to pass through an optical splitter, and irradiating the surface of the skin by 16 single-mode optical fibers to form coherent light;
C. image acquisition: the image acquisition rate is divided into a high speed, namely 1 ten thousand frames per second, and a low speed, namely 200 frames per second, and the two are mutually switched every 1 second;
D. image processing: for 1 ten thousand images at high speed, each pixel point is subjected toI(x, y, t) performing fast Fourier transform, and obtaining the blood cell concentration in the tissue by applying the following formulaCAnd amount of tissue perfusionPThe information of (2):
wherein,a,bis a constant coefficient of the number of the optical fiber,fin order to be the frequency of the radio,S(f)is a power spectrum;
for 200 images at low speed, the speckle contrast algorithm is used to obtain contrast valueK，
Wherein,is the standard deviation of the speckle intensity in the image,is the average value of the speckle intensity in the image,
according to the following formula byKValue and exposure timeTDetermining a correlation time，
，
WhereinIs a constant coefficient. Finally obtaining the blood flow velocityv：
WhereincIs a constant coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress:
the skin perfusion imaging system for non-invasively monitoring the tissue blood flow generates the blood perfusion volume pseudo-color image of the monitoring area through the low-energy coherent laser beam, and has the advantages of reasonable design, simple method and relatively low cost. The system and method can be used for monitoring the microcirculation condition of healthy or diseased tissues and can also be used for researching the microcirculation response under different physiological stimuli. The monitoring process is non-contact, and has wide application fields including burn assessment, plastic surgery, wound healing, dermatology and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the design and application of the product of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a multiple-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system comprises a laser, an optical splitter, a single-mode fiber, a high-speed camera, a filter, an adjusting bracket and a computer, wherein a plurality of single-mode fibers are mounted on the optical splitter, the laser is connected with the single-mode fiber at the input end of the optical splitter, the single-mode fiber at the output end of the optical splitter uniformly surrounds the lens of the high-speed camera, the filter is tightly attached to the lens of the high-speed camera, the computer is connected with the laser and the high-speed camera to control the switching of the laser and the acquisition of images, one end of the adjusting bracket is connected with the high-speed camera, and the other end of.
The wavelength of the light emitted by the laser is 830 nm.
The optical filter filters light with the wavelength below 800 nm.
The optical splitter is a single input 16 output.
The 16 output optical fibers of the optical splitter uniformly surround the camera lens.
The frame rate of the high-speed camera reaches 10000 frames per second, and in the system, the high-speed camera respectively works in a high-speed mode and a low-speed mode, wherein the high speed is 1 ten thousand frames per second, and the low speed is 200 frames per second.
A multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging method adopts the multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system, and comprises the following imaging steps:
A. adjusting to an imaging position: moving the adjusting bracket according to the position of the imaging object to enable the lens of the high-speed camera to be aligned to the surface of the skin; opening the high-speed camera through software, and adjusting the distance between the high-speed camera and the skin surface according to the imaging area to stop the high-speed camera at the clearest position of the image;
B. turning on the laser: controlling to turn on a laser through software, enabling the laser to pass through an optical splitter, and irradiating the surface of the skin by 16 single-mode optical fibers to form coherent light;
C. image acquisition: the image acquisition rate is divided into a high speed, namely 1 ten thousand frames per second, and a low speed, namely 200 frames per second, and the two are mutually switched every 1 second;
D. image processing: for 1 ten thousand images at high speed, each pixel point is subjected toI(x, y, t) performing fast Fourier transform, and obtaining the blood cell concentration in the tissue by applying the following formulaCAnd amount of tissue perfusionPThe information of (2):
wherein,a,bis a constant coefficient of the number of the optical fiber,fin order to be the frequency of the radio,S(f)is a power spectrum;
for 200 images at low speed, the speckle contrast algorithm is used to obtain contrast valueK，
Wherein,is the standard deviation of the speckle intensity in the image,is the average value of the speckle intensity in the image,
according to the following formula byKValue and exposure timeTDetermining a correlation time，
，
WhereinIs a constant coefficient. Finally obtaining the blood flow velocityv：
WhereincIs a constant coefficient.
The core principle of the multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system is that the scattering effect of coherent light propagating in human tissues is utilized, the advantages of the traditional laser speckle contrast imaging and laser Doppler blood flow monitoring technology are combined, the characteristics of the coherent light are improved through multi-beam coherent illumination of special optical fibers, then data acquisition is carried out through a high-speed camera, and then time-frequency signal analysis is carried out through a computer at the same time, and finally accurate human body surface perfusion imaging is obtained.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system is characterized by comprising a laser, an optical splitter, a single-mode fiber, a high-speed camera, an optical filter, an adjusting support and a computer, wherein the single-mode fiber is installed on the optical splitter, the laser is connected with the single-mode fiber at the input end of the optical splitter, the single-mode fiber at the output end of the optical splitter uniformly surrounds the lens of the high-speed camera, the optical filter is tightly attached to the lens of the high-speed camera, the computer is connected with the laser and the high-speed camera to control the on-off of the laser and the acquisition of images, one end of the adjusting support is connected with the high-speed camera, and the other end of the adjusting.
2. The multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system of claim 1, wherein the laser emits light at a wavelength of 830 nm.
3. The multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system of claim 1, wherein the optical filter filters out light with wavelengths below 800 nm.
4. The multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system of claim 1, wherein the optical splitter is a single input 16 output.
5. The multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system of claim 1, wherein the 16 output fibers of the optical splitter are uniformly wound around the camera lens.
6. The multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system of claim 1, wherein the frame rate of the high speed camera is up to 10000 frames per second, and in the system, the system operates in two modes, i.e. a high speed mode and a low speed mode, wherein the high speed is 1 ten thousand frames per second, and the low speed is 200 frames per second.
7. A multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging method employing the multi-beam coherent human skin perfusion imaging system of claim 1, characterized in that the imaging steps are as follows:
A. adjusting to an imaging position: moving the adjusting bracket according to the position of the imaging object to enable the lens of the high-speed camera to be aligned to the surface of the skin; opening the high-speed camera through software, and adjusting the distance between the high-speed camera and the skin surface according to the imaging area to stop the high-speed camera at the clearest position of the image;
B. turning on the laser: controlling to turn on a laser through software, enabling the laser to pass through an optical splitter, and irradiating the surface of the skin by 16 single-mode optical fibers to form coherent light;
C. image acquisition: the image acquisition rate is divided into a high speed, namely 1 ten thousand frames per second, and a low speed, namely 200 frames per second, and the two are mutually switched every 1 second;
D. image processing: for 1 ten thousand images at high speed, each pixel point is subjected toI(x, y, t) performing fast Fourier transform, and obtaining the blood cell concentration in the tissue by applying the following formulaCAnd amount of tissue perfusionPThe information of (2):
wherein,a,bis a constant coefficient of the number of the optical fiber,fin order to be the frequency of the radio,S(f)is a power spectrum;
for 200 images at low speed, the speckle contrast algorithm is used to obtain contrast valueK，
Wherein,is the standard deviation of the speckle intensity in the image,is the average value of the speckle intensity in the image,
according to the following formula byKValue and exposure timeTDetermining a correlation time，
WhereinIs a constant coefficient, and finally obtains the blood flow velocityv：
WhereincIs a constant coefficient.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN107485383A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of speckle blood flow imaging method and apparatus based on constituent analysis |
| CN109222952A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-01-18 | 上海健康医学院 | A kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method |
| CN110292373A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-01 | 优谱激光科技(南京)有限公司 | A kind of high-performance tissue blood flow detection analytical equipment |
| CN111833314A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Skin blood perfusion non-contact monitoring method and monitoring system under motion state |
| CN112998683A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 上海川义医疗器械有限公司 | System and method for detecting upper limb lymphedema of breast cancer after operation based on multi-mode optical imaging technology |
| CN113063755A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2021-07-02 | 韩国科学技术院 | Sample characteristic detection device using chaotic wave sensor |
| CN113974574A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-01-28 | 潍坊医学院 | Imaging system and imaging method based on multi-modal optics |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113063755A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2021-07-02 | 韩国科学技术院 | Sample characteristic detection device using chaotic wave sensor |
| CN107485383A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of speckle blood flow imaging method and apparatus based on constituent analysis |
| CN109222952A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-01-18 | 上海健康医学院 | A kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method |
| CN110292373A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-01 | 优谱激光科技(南京)有限公司 | A kind of high-performance tissue blood flow detection analytical equipment |
| CN111833314A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Skin blood perfusion non-contact monitoring method and monitoring system under motion state |
| CN111833314B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2023-09-01 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Non-contact monitoring method and monitoring system for skin blood perfusion under motion state |
| CN112998683A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 上海川义医疗器械有限公司 | System and method for detecting upper limb lymphedema of breast cancer after operation based on multi-mode optical imaging technology |
| CN112998683B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2024-02-20 | 上海川义医疗器械有限公司 | System and method for detecting upper limb lymphedema after breast cancer operation based on multi-mode optical imaging technology |
| CN113974574A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-01-28 | 潍坊医学院 | Imaging system and imaging method based on multi-modal optics |
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