CN104770165A - Cultivation method for interplanting oil sunflowers among potatoes - Google Patents
Cultivation method for interplanting oil sunflowers among potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104770165A CN104770165A CN201510156156.3A CN201510156156A CN104770165A CN 104770165 A CN104770165 A CN 104770165A CN 201510156156 A CN201510156156 A CN 201510156156A CN 104770165 A CN104770165 A CN 104770165A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for interplanting oil sunflowers among potatoes, which includes potato cultivation and oil sunflower cultivation; by planting the potatoes, 7 to 10 days after the potatoes are watered for the first time, the oil sunflowers are planted about in late May, and thereby an interplanting mode is realized; the last-time watering of the potatoes is preferably controlled at the two-leaf, one-heart stage of the oil sunflowers, and cannot be postponed until the rapid growth of the oil sunflowers, otherwise the thriving of the oil sunflower seedlings can be affected adversely; after the potatoes are harvested, watering and topdressing are carried out, 150g to 200g of monopotassium phosphate is applied per mu, second-time watering is performed after end flowering, and third-time watering is performed at the filling stage. The cultivation technique of the method disclosed by the invention can ensure the high yield and high efficiency of the potatoes and the oil sunflowers, and the net profit of the double crops per mu can reach 1462 to 3880 yuan.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to the cultivation method that a kind of potato interplants oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers.
Background technology
Developing direction due to the driving agricultural of policy: be mainly concentration of landholdings circulation, based on intensive management soils such as home farm and business tie-up societies, because concentrating circulation soil, the circulation expense in soil is relatively high, in order to ensure the double benefit in circulation soil and operating cash flows two aspect, development interplanting Efficient Cultivation is imperative.Potato interplants oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technology, utilize preceding crop potato growth amount to concentrate on for 5 ~ June, succession crop oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers seedling growth is slow, resistance is higher, amount of growth is mainly in characteristics such as 7 ~ September, the reasonable distribution season of growth, effectively utilize the high benefit cultivation mode of soil and sunlight-heat reaources.Potato interplants oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technology, mainly has a surplus at plantation one season crop sunlight-heat reaources, two season crop sunlight-heat reaources deficiency high and cold area apply.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of potato to interplant the cultivation method of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, there is the dual income of results potato and oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers.
The present invention realizes especially by following technical scheme:
Potato interplants a cultivation method for oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, comprises potato culture and the cultivation of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, completes especially by following steps:
S1: potato culture
S11: use sufficient base fertilizer, meticulous wholely
Select the plot that soil layer is deep, fertility is good, mu applies the farmyard manure 2 ~ 3t become thoroughly decomposed, treble superphosphate 30kg or diammonium phosphate 36kg, and potassium sulfate 8 ~ 10kg, ploughs deeply 25 ~ 30cm wholely;
S12: sowing
The potato seed sowing will handled well in late March to early April, and adopt plastic mulching;
S13: field management
Weeding: when mid-May, weeds were more, weeding once, according to circumstances selects artificial or weeding by machine, keeps field without weeds later;
Water: normal whole breeding time in time waters 2 ~ 3 water, head water is after potato first time weeding mid-May, and two water to flowering stage in potato squaring period mid-June, are gathered in the crops and cut off the water for first 20 days, take little water carefully to fill with, and water level is with high 2/3 being advisable in ridge;
The extermination of disease and insect pest: colorado potato beetle is in larva 1 ~ 2 length of time with 48% Le Siben missible oil, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid or use 5% Frontline, and every mu of dosage is 20 ~ 30g, prevents and treats water foliar spray;
Disbud: consume a large amount of nutrients because pregnant flower bud blooms, bud should be plucked in time, promote the growth of stem tuber;
Topdress: growth is in earlier stage based on urea, and the later stage, based on micro-fertilizer and composite fertilizer, imposes urea 3 ~ 5kg in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage mu; Spray a potassium dihydrogen phosphate 80 ~ 100g at mu after bud, add potato enlarging agent 10g;
S2: oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers culture technique
S21: seed selection, and the sowings in 7 ~ 10 days after potato gravys with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles water;
S22: look into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings after emerging, final singling during 3 ~ 4 leaves;
S23: suitably restrain the growth of seedlings, seedling stage should not water, in case excessive growth, watering for the last time 2 leaf 1 heart stages preferably controlled oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of potato, deferrable is not before oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers grows fast, otherwise is unfavorable for the strong sprout of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers;
S24: after potato harvest, waters, topdresses, and mu imposes potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 ~ 200g, and two water are after spending eventually, and three water in the watery stage.
Further,
Potato seed processing method described in step S12 is: select yellow or medium variety stripping and slicing in 60 days, with 75% alcohol or the sterilization of 0.5% potassium permanganate, kind block sprays the mixed powder that ash adds carbendazim, the mass ratio of planting block, ash and carbendazim is 100:2 ~ 3:0.5.
In step S12, sowing condition is: distance between the ridges is 25 ~ 30cm, wide 40 ~ 45cm on ridge, ridge bottom width 50 ~ 55cm, line-spacing 20cm, mu is kept a full stand of seedings several 7500 ~ 8000 strains, mu sowing quantity 250 ~ 300kg, mu broadcast diammonium phosphate 5 ~ 8kg, fertilization depth be seed just under 5 ~ 6cm.
In step S21, seeding method is for adopting the spacing in the rows program request such as hand-push type, every bunch planting 2 ~ 3 seeds, spacing in the rows 22 ~ 25cm, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings 3500 ~ 4000 strains, mu sowing quantity 200g.
Dress seed with Sukeling 50% wetting powder or dimethachlon before step S21 sowing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1) gather in the crops two batches of crops in 1 year, can make full use of soil and sunlight-heat reaources; 2) farming aspect, mechanization degree is high, economizes merit and saves time, save labour; 3) the resistance to accumulating of interplanting crops oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, is butted on market risk ability stronger; 4) the whole chopping and returning of the stalk of two batches of crops, thus improve soil organic matter content, soil fertility of having fostered and apply fertilizer.Potato is interplanted oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technology and uses effect of increasing production more obvious on the plot of equipment drip irrigation facility.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further, the following stated, only to preferred embodiment of the present invention, not do other forms of restriction to the present invention, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed to the Equivalent embodiments of equal change.Everyly do not depart from the present invention program's content, any simple modification done following examples according to technical spirit of the present invention or equivalent variations, all drop in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The potato planting experimentally 40 mu of ground in agrotechnical center, Tekesi County in 2014 is interplanted oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and succeeds, and economic benefit is objective, receives the accreditation of local farmers, is below detailed process.
One, potato culture technology
1, front preparation is broadcast
1) use sufficient base fertilizer, meticulous wholely
Plantation potato should select that soil layer is deep, fertility is higher, irrigate plot easily, front stubble is better with wheat, corn, disposablely use sufficient base fertilizer, mu applies the farmyard manure 2 ~ 3t fully become thoroughly decomposed, threeflod calcium superphosphate 30kg or two ammonium 36kg, potassium sulfate 8 ~ 10kg, ploughing depth is 25 ~ 30cm, reaches neat, flat, loose, broken, clean, moisture in the soil " six signs standards, become state to be broadcast.
2) seed selection and potato seed process
Potato seed must select early-maturing variety: 60 days yellow or medium varieties.Sowing first 10 ~ 15 days potato seed is contained in plastics mesh bag, be deposited in outdoor or have in sunlit empty house, when seeing little Bai bud cone, bud sowing can be cut.Stripping and slicing is sterilized: plant block and be cut into vertical block, multi-band potato meat and eye, each sprout tuber weight, generally at 30 ~ 40g, is minimumly not less than 25g.Should carry out disinfection to cutter with 75% alcohol or 0.5% potassium permanganate in time when switching to disease, rotten potato.Kind of block preferably with cut with, the kind block cut sprays the mixed powder that ash adds carbendazim, so not only can plant the sterilization of block otch but also can supplement potash fertilizer to potato, planting block and ash, to add carbendazim usage ratio be 100:2 ~ 3:0.5.Kind block as cut does not want sowing in time, is preferably dried by the kind block processed, and can deposit and sow for 2 ~ 3 days again after making the abundant drying of otch
2, sow
1) proper seeding: when ground temperature is stabilized in 3
0can sow during more than C, in Tekes river valley, east sows in late March, and western part, river valley was sowed in early April.Preferably plastic mulching is adopted when having ready conditions.
2) seeding method: adopt duplicate rows cultivation on ridge, machinery broadcasts fertilizer, sowing, earthing ridging, plastic film mulch is disposable completes.Distance between the ridges is 25 ~ 30cm, wide 40 ~ 45cm on ridge, ridge bottom width 50 ~ 55cm, sowing line-spacing 20cm, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings several 7500 ~ 8000 strains, mu sowing quantity 250 ~ 300kg.Mu broadcast two ammonium 5 ~ 8kg, fertilization depth be seed just under 5 ~ 6cm, forbid seed manure to mix.
3, field management
1) weeding: emerging for 30 ~ 35 days after general potato sowing, adopt plastic mulching sowing to emerge for 20 ~ 25 days, when mid-May, weeds were more, weeding once, according to circumstances selects artificial or weeding by machine, keeps field without weeds later.
2) water: normal whole breeding time in time waters 2 ~ 3 water, head water is after potato first time weeding mid-May, and two water to flowering stage in potato squaring period mid-June, are gathered in the crops and cut off the water for first about 20 days, take little water carefully to fill with, and water level is with high 2/3 being advisable in ridge.
3) extermination of disease and insect pest: colorado potato beetle can in larva 1 ~ 2 length of time with 48% Le Siben missible oil, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid or use 5% Frontline, and every mu of dosage is 20 ~ 30g, prevents and treats water foliar spray.
4) disbud: consume a large amount of nutrients because pregnant flower bud blooms, bud should be plucked in time, promote the growth of stem tuber.
5) topdress: growth is in earlier stage based on urea, and the later stage is based on micro-fertilizer and composite fertilizer.Urea 3 ~ 5kg is imposed in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage mu.Spray a potassium dihydrogen phosphate 80 ~ 100g at mu after bud, add potato enlarging agent 10g.
4, gather in the crops
July first arrival results mid-July, before the growing into fast and budding of the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of interplanting, according to market conditions, with receipts with listing, gather in the crops about front ten days, withered seedling are sliced off, make stem tuber maturation in soil, epidermis suberification, not easily broken skin during results.
Two, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers culture technique is interplanted
1, mid-early maturity disease-resistant variety is selected, as: S606, western camel.
2, date of seeding optimum period, after potato gravys with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles water 7 ~ 10 days of rational close planting, sowed greatly oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers best between May 20 ~ 30.
3, program request is in potato furrow, adopts the spacing in the rows program request such as hand-push type, every bunch planting 2 ~ 3 seeds, spacing in the rows 22 ~ 25cm, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings 3500 ~ 4000 strains, mu sowing quantity 200g.
4, after emerging, look into seedling in time to fill the gaps with seedlings, during 3 ~ 4 leaves, want final singling.
5, note suitably restraining the growth of seedlings, seedling stage should not water, in case excessive growth, and 2 leaf 1 hearts preferably controlled oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers that water for the last time of potato, or several days after a while, deferrable is not before oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers grows fast, otherwise is unfavorable for the strong sprout of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers.
6, water in good time, water the time of infertility 2 ~ 3 times.When watering in time after potato harvest, topdressing, greatly about mid or late July, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is in squaring period mu and imposes potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 ~ 200g.Two water are large about mid or late August after spending eventually, and three water in the watery stage.
7, in order to prevent and treat oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers stalk break, dress seed with Sukeling 50% wetting powder or dimethachlon before sowing.
8, gather in the crops: adopt mechanical harvest, general per mu yield oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 180 ~ 220kg.
Three, Economic and Efficiency Analysis
Average yield per mu potato 2.5 ~ 3t, by wholesale market price every kilogram 0.8 ~ 1.0 yuan calculating, 0.07 hectare gross income 2000 ~ 3000 yuan, removes the cost of 1000 ~ 1400 yuan, 0.07 hectare net income 1000 ~ 1600 yuan.Per mu yield oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 180 ~ 220kg, by market price every kilogram 3.4 ~ 4.0 yuan calculating, 0.07 hectare gross income 612 ~ 880 yuan, removes the cost of 150 ~ 200 yuan, 0.07 hectare net income 462 ~ 680 yuan.Two batches of crops add up to net profit 1462 ~ 3880 yuan.
Claims (5)
1. potato interplants a cultivation method for oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, comprises potato culture and the cultivation of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
S1: potato culture
S11: use sufficient base fertilizer, meticulous wholely
Select the plot that soil layer is deep, fertility is good, mu applies the farmyard manure 2 ~ 3t become thoroughly decomposed, three material peroxophosphoric acid 30kg or diammonium phosphate 36kg, and potassium sulfate 8 ~ 10kg, ploughs deeply 25 ~ 30cm wholely;
S12: sowing
The potato seed sowing will handled well in late March to early April, and adopt plastic mulching;
S13: field management
Weeding: when mid-May, weeds were more, weeding once, according to circumstances selects artificial or weeding by machine, keeps field without weeds later;
Water: whole breeding time waters 2 ~ 3 water, head water is after potato first time weeding mid-May, and two water to flowering stage in potato squaring period mid-June, are gathered in the crops and cut off the water for first 20 days, take little water carefully to fill with, and water level is with high 2/3 being advisable in ridge;
The extermination of disease and insect pest: colorado potato beetle is in larva 1 ~ 2 length of time with 48% Le Siben missible oil, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid or use 5% Frontline, and every mu of dosage is 20 ~ 30g, prevents and treats water foliar spray;
Disbud: consume a large amount of nutrients because pregnant flower bud blooms, bud should be plucked in time, promote the growth of stem tuber;
Topdress: growth is in earlier stage based on urea, and the later stage, based on micro-fertilizer and composite fertilizer, imposes urea 3 ~ 5kg in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage mu; Spray a potassium dihydrogen phosphate 80 ~ 100g at mu after bud, add potato enlarging agent 10g;
S2: oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers culture technique
S21: seed selection, and the sowings in 7 ~ 10 days after potato gravys with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles water;
S22: look into seedling in time and fill the gaps with seedlings after emerging, final singling during 3 ~ 4 leaves;
S23: suitably restrain the growth of seedlings, seedling stage should not water, in case excessive growth, watering for the last time 2 leaf 1 heart stages preferably controlled oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of potato, deferrable is not before oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers grows fast, otherwise is unfavorable for the strong sprout of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers;
S24: after potato harvest, waters, topdresses, and mu imposes potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150 ~ 200g, and two water are after spending eventually, and three water in the watery stage.
2. a kind of potato according to claim 1 interplants the cultivation method of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, it is characterized in that: the potato seed processing method described in step S12 is: select yellow or medium variety stripping and slicing in 60 days, with 75% alcohol or the sterilization of 0.5% potassium permanganate, kind block sprays the mixed powder that ash adds carbendazim, the mass ratio of planting block, ash and carbendazim is 100:2 ~ 3:0.5.
3. a kind of potato according to claim 1 interplants the cultivation method of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, it is characterized in that: in step S12, sowing condition is: distance between the ridges is 25 ~ 30cm, wide 40 ~ 45cm on ridge, ridge bottom width 50 ~ 55cm, line-spacing 20cm, mu is kept a full stand of seedings several 7500 ~ 8000 strains, mu sowing quantity 250 ~ 300kg, mu broadcast diammonium phosphate 5 ~ 8kg, fertilization depth be seed just under 5 ~ 6cm.
4. a kind of potato according to claim 1 interplants the cultivation method of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, it is characterized in that: in step S21, seeding method is for adopting the spacing in the rows program requests such as hand-push type, every bunch planting 2 ~ 3 seeds, spacing in the rows 22 ~ 25cm, mu is kept a full stand of seedings 3500 ~ 4000 strains, mu sowing quantity 200g.
5. a kind of potato according to claim 1 interplants the cultivation method of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, it is characterized in that: dress seed with Sukeling 50% wetting powder or dimethachlon before step S21 sowing.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105191637A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-30 | 石河子大学 | High-yield planting method applicable to multiple sowing of oil sunflowers in northern Sinkiang region |
| CN105684692A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 西南大学 | Potato/corn/sweet potato drought triple-cropping relay intercropping technology suitable for machine harvesting |
| CN108541539A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-18 | 雷山县三元科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of potato no-tillage high-yield |
| CN108782086A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-13 | 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所 | Kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between a kind of flax |
-
2015
- 2015-04-02 CN CN201510156156.3A patent/CN104770165A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105191637A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-30 | 石河子大学 | High-yield planting method applicable to multiple sowing of oil sunflowers in northern Sinkiang region |
| CN105684692A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 西南大学 | Potato/corn/sweet potato drought triple-cropping relay intercropping technology suitable for machine harvesting |
| CN105684692B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-09-25 | 西南大学 | A kind of non-irrigated three ripe interplanting methods of the potato/corn being suitable for machine receipts/sweet potato |
| CN108541539A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-18 | 雷山县三元科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of potato no-tillage high-yield |
| CN108782086A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-13 | 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所 | Kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between a kind of flax |
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Application publication date: 20150715 |