CN104770110A - Over-wintering pepper seedling cultivating method without need of heel-in - Google Patents
Over-wintering pepper seedling cultivating method without need of heel-in Download PDFInfo
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- CN104770110A CN104770110A CN201510207276.1A CN201510207276A CN104770110A CN 104770110 A CN104770110 A CN 104770110A CN 201510207276 A CN201510207276 A CN 201510207276A CN 104770110 A CN104770110 A CN 104770110A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an over-wintering pepper seedling cultivating method without need of heel-in, and belongs to the technical field of over-wintering pepper seedling cultivating and producing. The method includes the following steps that A, good seeds are selected; B, the seeds are soaked in medicament, wherein the seeds are socked in warm water with the temperature of 50-55 DEG C, then is soaked in normal-temperature clean water for 2+/-0.5 hours and are placed in a 1% trisodium phosphate; C, the temperature is changed to accelerate germination; D, the seeds are sown in a seedling growing hole tray; E, seedbed management is carried out, wherein when it is sunny at the end of November and pepper seedlings grow vigorously, the seedling growing hole tray is tilted once so that roots can be cut, it is guaranteed that it is sunny for 3-5 days after root cutting for rejuvenation, the seedlings are transplanted and planted in a greenhouse on sunny days after the beginning of spring, and the seedlings are transplanted and planted in open fields after windy days around the tomb-sweeping day. According to the method, heel-in is not needed, disease disasters can be reduced, the cultivated pepper seedlings sprout strongly and grow strongly, flower bud differentiation is early, and compared with common peppers, transplanting in the open fields and planting in the greenhouse of the pepper seedlings are 25 days earlier and 50 days earlier in the market.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one and educate pepper seedling raising method of surviving the winter, particularly a kind ofly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter.
Background technology
Capsicum is a kind of important vegetables, is of high nutritive value, containing vitamin C, B, carotin, calcium, iron etc.But the normal stubble red pepper confession celebrating phase in open country autumn can only gather to late October, and delayed by the booth autumn that overwintering technology can realize summer sowing, the autumn plants, the winter gathers, until go on the market successively April next year after the supply phase of capsicum is delayed to December by original late October.But pepper seedling raising of surviving the winter is a technical barrier, sowing time is generally at the end of of 10 months, therefore illumination is excessively strong, be unfavorable for pepper seedling raising and growth of seedling, particularly seedling stage to Adult plant in December, and 12 month temperatures are low, booth is for ensureing temperature, often close canopy, therefore canopy humidity is large, and disease is many.And be planted in soil, thus add soil-borne disease, cultivation management is slightly neglected, easily bring out virus evil and occur, cause the underproduction.Prior art adopts wet concentration seed only to have selected floater, and the seed of poor activity can not be selected., some seedling matter of the seed selected is weak, easy infection disease, and bud becomes differentiation slow, and after transplanting, survival rate is low, is unfavorable for high yield; Prior art is sowed on the furrow face in seedbed, and seedling is sowed in soil, and the water retention capacity of soil is poor, increase irrigation times, cultivated work consuming time, and unfavorable seed growth, and easily produces soil-borne disease.Existing Hot Pepper Seedling technology of surviving the winter all need be heeled in when November, weather was fine, and guarantee young plant is healthy and strong, because the time in seedling stage is long, and the large guarantee of density of seedling or not quality, heel in one time, effort of taking a lot of work, because 12 month temperatures are low, heel in rear being difficult to and delay seedling, bad weather, seedling is not easily survived the winter.But heel in November, now seedling is less, is in flower bud differentiation period, root system is tender and lovely, fragile, be hurt when heeling in larger, after field planting, early stage, malformed fruit was many, yield poorly, when next is heeled in, stem easily forms wound, affect young plant disease resistance, and the fine, soft fur on stem inevitably comes off, thus causing plant disease resistance to reduce, disease possibility occurrence strengthens.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of adopt medicament and hot water treatment of seeds, change temperature-accelerated germination, point disk seedling growing educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, the Hot Pepper Seedling germination vigor brought out in this way is strong, it is strong to grow, and flower bud differentiation early, easily becomes strong sprout.
The invention provides and a kind ofly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, comprise the following steps:
A, choose breeding: select high temperature resistance, low temperature resistant capsicum variety;
B, Medicament soaked seed: first use 50-55 DEG C of water seed soaking, then soak 2 ± 0.5 hours in normal temperature clear water, then put into 1% trisodium phosphate solution and soak 7-15 minute, pull out clean;
C, change temperature-accelerated germination: by seed as in controlled varying temperature environment, 25-30 DEG C control at 12 ± 1 hours, 15-20 DEG C control at 4 ± 1 hours, two temperature environments switched in turn according to the above-mentioned time, every day with clean water once, germination in about 5 days about 80%, keep 5 hours after being down to 12 DEG C, choose the seed germinateed to wait to broadcast, this pregermination procedure will keep seed moisture, and seed coat should be always wet;
D, sowing time are early October, seedbed is located in booth, the mushroom residue crossed through fermentation process of upper berth one deck 5 cm thick, seedling culture hole plate is kept flat again on mushroom residue, seedling medium poured into by cave dish, strikes off, with the every cave of finger by one 0.3 centimetre dark aperture, the kind of chitting piece chosen entered, the complete rear vermiculite of Seed Points covers;
E, seedbed management: when weather is fine by the end of November, when Hot Pepper Seedling growing way is vigorous, seedling culture hole plate is lifted, or shift position, make it be completely cured, should be selected in weather fine time be completely cured, and have 3-5 days fine days with slow seedling after guaranteeing to be completely cured, when weather is fine after the beginning of spring, carry out transplant planting in booth, clear and bright left and right, carries out open country transplant planting after strong wind.
Preferably, the capsicum variety chosen described in is emerging vegetables 215.
In described Medicament soaked seed step, described warm water is mixed by hot boiling water and cold water to form; In described change temperature-accelerated germination step, seed tiling is placed in vernalization insulating box and completes temperature adjustment process.
Described seedbed is wide is 1.2 meters, furrow are high 15 centimetres, and centre is slightly high, and both sides are slightly low, in turtleback shape.
The preparation method of the mushroom residue on described seedbed is: mushroom residue per ton stirs with 1 kilogram of stalk rotting agent and adds water to moisture content 60%, fermentation 6-8 days, and rear turning once, is more just made after fermentation in 9-11 days.
The method for preparing of described seedling medium is: will be mixed by 1:1:1 volume ratio by peat, perlite, gardening vermiculite, humus is added again by mixture, by mixture: humus=20L:0.5L carries out proportioning, both stir evenly rear placement and just can use for 1-2 days, need before sowing to water little water to seedling medium, with drenched and to be not excessively advisable.
Described seedling culture hole plate is 21 hole seedling culture hole plates, and this cave dish is long arranges 7 holes for 54cm, widely arranges 3 holes for 28cm, and between nursery cavities, length and width interval is be 7cm, 9cm respectively.
Can booth field planting during height of seedling 10-12cm, height of seedling 13-16cm can open country field planting, and open country will be transplanted after lid mulch film.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) modify-water seed selection is change temperature-accelerated germination seed selection, and just can select active high seed by seed selection of germinateing, 80% seed sprouting just can be sowed, thus has eliminated the seed of poor activity.Our experiments show that, evening germinate emerge after, seedling matter is weak, easy infection disease, and flower bud differentiation is slow, after transplanting, survival rate is low, and branch is few, is unfavorable for high yield, chooses seeds through vernalization, pick out 80% planting seed first germinateed after germination, germination vigor is strong, grows strong, and flower bud differentiation early, easily becomes strong sprout.With two temperature section circulation vernalization, make the higher temperature environment that seed can be suitable for always, accelerate to germinate, avoid the lability impact of ambient temperature, and two temperature sections were according to rotation in 12 ± 1 hours, 4 ± 1 hours, seed is had adapt to the ability of varying temperature environment, be suitable for the growth that seedbed is later better.Vernalization insulating box will have suitable humidity, makes seed coat be always wet, and being beneficial to seed has enough moisture content to germinate.
(2) sowing is changed on furrow face for thick 5 centimetres of mushroom residues fermented on upper berth, seedbed, because mushroom residue moisture retention is good, to reduce irrigation times suitably can improve ground temperature in winter, and root is because hydrotropism, only long inside mushroom residue, generally deeply can not prick, thus reduce soil-borne disease; Mushroom residue, through fermentation process, kills disease bacterium, and has nutrition in fermentation process, have suitable fertilizer efficiency; Seedbed is turtleback shape, in the radian of a micro-protuberance, avoids ponding to become damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging.
(3) change and heel in as not heeling in, avoid because 12 month temperatures are low, heel in and be difficult to slow seedling afterwards, cause and freeze seedling; Avoid the injury heeled in and produce seedling root and stem, the seedlings root being in flower bud differentiation period is tender and lovely, fragile, and being hurt causing, early stage after field planting, malformed fruit was many, yield poorly, as stem forms wound, affect young plant disease resistance, disease possibility occurrence strengthens.
(4) hot water treatment of seeds and can prevent and treat anthracnose, epidemic disease, pepper seed can be allowed to absorb from Seed sprouting to required portion of water of emerging under the temperature condition of favourable water suction, in the short time, and by suitable Temperature Treatment, the germ being attached to the surface of the seed and the potential Interior Seed of part can be killed; 1% trisodium phosphate solution mainly kills pepper seed bacterium that epidermis is with; Clear water soaks 2 hours, can supplement seed required all moisture from sprouting to germinateing.
(5) use point disk seedling growing, balled transplanting, can reduce transplanting like this and be completely cured, and ensure stalwartness and the prosperity of root system, after transplanting, seedling-slowing stage is short, even without seedling-slowing stage, thus does sth. in advance the picking time of capsicum; Seedling medium in the dish of cave, has good water conservation, trophism, needs to water little water before sowing, and with drenched and to be not excessively advisable, such Water-saving effect is best; The complete rear vermiculite of Seed Points covers, and because vermiculite density is comparatively large, has constant weight, makes seed rudiment under pressure, contribute to de-seed coat.
When (6) when weather is fine by the end of November, weather is fine, when Hot Pepper Seedling growing way is vigorous, seedling culture hole plate is lifted, or shift position, play and be completely cured, it is made to retransmit the effect of new root, and energy Spindling control, because after being completely cured, the water absorbing capacity of seedling declines, just excessive growth can be limited, stimulate Hot Pepper Seedling to send a large amount of new root by being completely cured, thus well developed root system, to ensure sturdy, short strong, the enhancing resistance against disadvantage of young plant.
(7) seedling will be practiced before field planting, to improve the adaptive capacity of seedling; Open country will be transplanted after lid mulch film, and mulch film can play effect of insulation, water conservation.
In a word, the results showed, capsicum implements to hot water treatment of seeds and Medicament soaked seed, change temperature-accelerated germination, using point disk seedling growing, without the need to heeling in, can disease be reduced, the Hot Pepper Seedling germination vigor brought out is strong, it is strong to grow, flower bud differentiation early, easily becomes strong sprout, and open country is transplanted than common capsicum listing ahead of time about 25 days, mid-May can go on the market, booth in this way after the beginning of spring is planted surely, also will go on the market ahead of time about 25 days than the open country field planting of the nursery same period, and on April about 20 can city, namely do sth. in advance listing about 50 days than common capsicum, and two kinds of mode of planting can realize mu volume increase about 200 kilograms.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
A, choose breeding: select high temperature resistance, low temperature resistant capsicum variety;
B, Medicament soaked seed: first use 50-55 DEG C of water seed soaking, then soak 2 hours in normal temperature clear water, then put into 1% trisodium phosphate solution leaching 10 minutes, pull out clean;
C, change temperature-accelerated germination: by seed as in controlled varying temperature environment, 25-30 DEG C control at 12 hours, 15-20 DEG C control at 4 hours, two temperature environments switched in turn according to the above-mentioned time, every day with clean water once, germination in about 5 days about 80%, keep 5 hours after being down to 12 DEG C, choose the seed germinateed to wait to broadcast, this pregermination procedure will keep seed moisture, and seed coat should be always wet;
D, sowing time are early October, seedbed is located in booth, the mushroom residue crossed through fermentation process of upper berth one deck 5 cm thick, seedling culture hole plate is kept flat again on mushroom residue, seedling medium poured into by cave dish, strikes off, with the every cave of finger by one 0.3 centimetre dark aperture, the kind of chitting piece chosen entered, the complete rear vermiculite of Seed Points covers;
E, seedbed management: when weather is fine by the end of November, when Hot Pepper Seedling growing way is vigorous, seedling culture hole plate is lifted, or shift position, make it be completely cured, should be selected in weather fine time be completely cured, and have 3-5 days fine days with slow seedling after guaranteeing to be completely cured, when weather is fine after the beginning of spring, carry out transplant planting in booth, clear and bright left and right, carries out open country transplant planting after strong wind.
The described capsicum variety chosen is emerging vegetables 215.
In described Medicament soaked seed step, described warm water is mixed by hot boiling water and cold water to form; In described change temperature-accelerated germination step, seed tiling is placed in vernalization insulating box and completes temperature adjustment process.
Described seedbed is wide is 1.2 meters, furrow are high 15 centimetres, and centre is slightly high, and both sides are slightly low, in turtleback shape.
The preparation method of the mushroom residue on described seedbed is: mushroom residue per ton stirs with 1 kilogram of stalk rotting agent and adds water to moisture content 60%, fermentation 6-8 days, and rear turning once, is more just made after fermentation in 9-11 days.
The method for preparing of described seedling medium is: will be mixed by 1:1:1 volume ratio by peat, perlite, gardening vermiculite, humus is added again by mixture, by mixture: humus=20L:0.5L carries out proportioning, both stir evenly rear placement and just can use for 1-2 days, need before sowing to water little water to seedling medium, with drenched and to be not excessively advisable.
Described seedling culture hole plate is 21 hole seedling culture hole plates, and this cave dish is long arranges 7 holes for 54cm, widely arranges 3 holes for 28cm, and between nursery cavities, length and width interval is be 7cm, 9cm respectively.
Can booth field planting during height of seedling 10-12cm, height of seedling 13-16cm can open country field planting, and open country will be transplanted after lid mulch film.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
A, choose breeding: select high temperature resistance, low temperature resistant capsicum variety;
B, Medicament soaked seed: first use 52-55 DEG C of water seed soaking, then soak 2.5 hours in normal temperature clear water, then put into 1% trisodium phosphate solution leaching 10 minutes, pull out clean;
C, change temperature-accelerated germination: by seed as in controlled varying temperature environment, 26-29 DEG C control at 12 hours, 16-19 DEG C control at 4 hours, two temperature environments switched in turn according to the above-mentioned time, every day with clean water once, germination in about 5 days about 80%, keep 5 hours after being down to 12 DEG C, choose the seed germinateed to wait to broadcast, this pregermination procedure will keep seed moisture, and seed coat should be always wet;
D, sowing time are early October, seedbed is located in booth, the mushroom residue crossed through fermentation process of upper berth one deck 5 cm thick, seedling culture hole plate is kept flat again on mushroom residue, seedling medium poured into by cave dish, strikes off, with the every cave of finger by one 0.3 centimetre dark aperture, the kind of chitting piece chosen entered, the complete rear vermiculite of Seed Points covers;
E, seedbed management: when weather is fine by the end of November, when Hot Pepper Seedling growing way is vigorous, seedling culture hole plate is lifted, or shift position, make it be completely cured, should be selected in weather fine time be completely cured, and have 3-5 days fine days with slow seedling after guaranteeing to be completely cured, when weather is fine after the beginning of spring, carry out transplant planting in booth, clear and bright left and right, carries out open country transplant planting after strong wind.
The described capsicum variety chosen is emerging vegetables 215.
In described Medicament soaked seed step, described warm water is mixed by hot boiling water and cold water to form; In described change temperature-accelerated germination step, seed tiling is placed in vernalization insulating box and completes temperature adjustment process.
Described seedbed is wide is 1.2 meters, furrow are high 15 centimetres, and centre is slightly high, and both sides are slightly low, in turtleback shape.
The preparation method of the mushroom residue on described seedbed is: mushroom residue per ton stirs with 1 kilogram of stalk rotting agent and adds water to moisture content 60%, fermentation 6-8 days, and rear turning once, is more just made after fermentation in 9-11 days.
The method for preparing of described seedling medium is: will be mixed by 1:1:1 volume ratio by peat, perlite, gardening vermiculite, humus is added again by mixture, by mixture: humus=20L:0.5L carries out proportioning, both stir evenly rear placement and just can use for 1-2 days, need before sowing to water little water to seedling medium, with drenched and to be not excessively advisable.
Described seedling culture hole plate is 21 hole seedling culture hole plates, and this cave dish is long arranges 7 holes for 54cm, widely arranges 3 holes for 28cm, and between nursery cavities, length and width interval is be 7cm, 9cm respectively.
Can booth field planting during height of seedling 10-12cm, height of seedling 13-16cm can open country field planting, and open country will be transplanted after lid mulch film.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalent structure transformation utilizing description of the present invention to do, or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. educate without the need to what heel in a Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, choose breeding: select high temperature resistance, low temperature resistant capsicum variety;
B, Medicament soaked seed: first use 50-55 DEG C of water seed soaking, then soak 2 ± 0.5 hours in normal temperature clear water, then put into 1% trisodium phosphate solution and soak 7-15 minute, pull out clean;
C, change temperature-accelerated germination: by seed as in controlled varying temperature environment, 25-30 DEG C control at 12 ± 1 hours, 15-20 DEG C control at 4 ± 1 hours, two temperature environments switched in turn according to the above-mentioned time, every day with clean water once, germination in about 5 days about 80%, keep 5 hours after being down to 12 DEG C, choose the seed germinateed to wait to broadcast, this pregermination procedure will keep seed moisture, and seed coat should be always wet;
D, sowing time are early October, seedbed is located in booth, the mushroom residue crossed through fermentation process of upper berth one deck 5 cm thick, seedling culture hole plate is kept flat again on mushroom residue, seedling medium poured into by cave dish, strikes off, with the every cave of finger by one 0.3 centimetre dark aperture, the kind of chitting piece chosen entered, the complete rear vermiculite of Seed Points covers;
E, seedbed management: when weather is fine by the end of November, when Hot Pepper Seedling growing way is vigorous, seedling culture hole plate is lifted, or shift position, make it be completely cured, should be selected in weather fine time be completely cured, and have 3-5 days fine days with slow seedling after guaranteeing to be completely cured, when weather is fine after the beginning of spring, carry out transplant planting in booth, clear and bright left and right, carries out open country transplant planting after strong wind.
2. according to claim 1ly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, described in the capsicum variety chosen be emerging vegetables 215.
3. according to claim 1ly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, in described Medicament soaked seed step, described warm water is mixed by hot boiling water and cold water to form; In described change temperature-accelerated germination step, seed tiling is placed in vernalization insulating box and completes temperature adjustment process.
4. according to claim 1ly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, described seedbed is wide is 1.2 meters, furrow are high 15 centimetres, centre is slightly high, and both sides are slightly low, in turtleback shape.
5. according to claim 1ly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of the mushroom residue on described seedbed is: mushroom residue per ton stirs with 1 kilogram of stalk rotting agent and adds water to moisture content 60%, fermentation 6-8 days, rear turning once, is more just made after fermentation in 9-11 days.
6. according to claim 1ly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, the method for preparing of described seedling medium is: will be mixed by 1:1:1 volume ratio by peat, perlite, gardening vermiculite, humus is added again by mixture, by mixture: humus=20L:0.5L carries out proportioning, both stir evenly rear placements and just can use for 1-2 days, need to water little water to seedling medium before sowing, not excessively to drench are advisable.
7. according to claim 1ly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, described seedling culture hole plate is 21 hole seedling culture hole plates, and this cave dish is grown for 54cm arranges 7 holes, widely arrange 3 holes for 28cm, between nursery cavities, length and width interval is be 7cm, 9cm respectively.
8. according to claim 1ly educate without the need to what heel in Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter, it is characterized in that, can booth field planting during height of seedling 10-12cm, height of seedling 13-16cm can open country field planting, and open country will be transplanted after lid mulch film.
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| CN201510207276.1A CN104770110B (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2015-04-28 | Hot Pepper Seedling method of surviving the winter is educated without the need to what heel in |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107278587A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-24 | 宿州市埇桥区永盛蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of capsicum |
| CN107691125A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of green nourishing capsicum good quality and high output implantation methods |
| CN108012908A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-11 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of corn seedling medium, preparation method and seedlings nursing plate |
| CN109220750A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-18 | 贵州兴源利民农业发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of low temperature Hot Pepper Seedling |
| CN112385492A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-23 | 保靖县二艳蔬菜产销专业合作社 | Method for cultivating overwintering pepper seedlings |
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| CN103918460A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-16 | 安庆市金大地生态农业发展有限公司 | Field living body fresh-keeping overwintering method of autumn-seeded hot peppers |
| CN103975713A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-08-13 | 马鞍山绿九湾瓜果蔬菜种植有限公司 | Autumn delayed overwintering on-field fresh-keeping cultivation method for greenhouse peppers |
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| CN103975713A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-08-13 | 马鞍山绿九湾瓜果蔬菜种植有限公司 | Autumn delayed overwintering on-field fresh-keeping cultivation method for greenhouse peppers |
| CN103918460A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-16 | 安庆市金大地生态农业发展有限公司 | Field living body fresh-keeping overwintering method of autumn-seeded hot peppers |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107278587A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-24 | 宿州市埇桥区永盛蔬菜专业合作社 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of capsicum |
| CN107691125A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of green nourishing capsicum good quality and high output implantation methods |
| CN108012908A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-11 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of corn seedling medium, preparation method and seedlings nursing plate |
| CN109220750A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-18 | 贵州兴源利民农业发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of low temperature Hot Pepper Seedling |
| CN112385492A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-23 | 保靖县二艳蔬菜产销专业合作社 | Method for cultivating overwintering pepper seedlings |
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| CN104770110B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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