A kind of fire-resistant-chipboard and production method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire-resistant-chipboard with flame-retarding characteristic, and relate to the production method of this fire-resistant-chipboard.
Background technology
Particieboard is an important board kind in wood-based plate, compared with other plate kinds, its investment of production is relatively less, energy consumption is little, cost is low, not high to the requirement of material quality yet, as the raw material of particieboard, therefore can there be the advantage of its uniqueness in three surplus things, fast growing wood, recovery waste and old wood and some non-wooden materials in the Chinese development particieboard industry of timber resources scarcity.Particieboard its have the advantages that the natural timbers such as not yielding, surfacing, stable physical property do not possess, be widely used in the inside fitting and household appliance shell making etc. of Furniture manufacture, building, packaging, vehicle and boats and ships, also can make facing particieboard through secondary operations.But because particieboard is a kind of wood materials, easily burn, thus particieboard safety problem in use also more and more pay close attention to by people.
According to the requirement of GB GB20286 ~ 2006, finishing and furniture materials, especially the finishing of public place and furniture material have enforceable flame-retardancy requirements, the fire resistance of existing ordinary particle board does not reach requirement, limit the application of particieboard in furniture and fixtures, the anti-flammability problem of particieboard product has caused the extensive concern of consumer, if there is good fire resistance with the furniture that particieboard is main material, just can delay the burning of material, for escape is raced against time, fire-resistant-chipboard effectively can reduce the loss of consumer's lives and properties when fire occurs.China Patent No. ZL91106445.1 once disclosed the formula for a product technical scheme of one " fire-retarding compound board made of plant fabric and raw-vermiculite ", this composite plate primary raw material is compounded to form according to certain formula by fabric and raw-vermiculite, adhesive, wood shavings, according to the fire-resistant-chipboard that this formula makes, its major defect is that the particieboard weight of unit are is larger, generally adopt today of lightness at current building material, its purposes is restricted certainly; Therefore, people are to particieboard fire resistance and produce a kind of light weight, and the research of the fire-resistant-chipboard that environmental pollution is little is attached great importance to, and how to manufacture the particieboard produced and have flame-retarding characteristic, are the current urgent problems of people.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of fire-resistant-chipboard with good flame-retardance energy, and a kind of manufacture method of producing this fire-resistant-chipboard is provided.For realizing this purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A production method for fire-resistant-chipboard, its raw material comprises wood shavings, modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue sticks agent and fire resistant fluid, it is characterized in that: the weight fraction of each raw material is as follows:
Modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue sticks agent 8% ~ 13%;
Fire resistant fluid 12% ~ 17%;
Wood shavings surplus;
Described fire resistant fluid is the proportions of 1:2 ~ 3:4 ~ 6 according to mol ratio according to xylenylphosphate, silicone oil and aluminium hydroxide;
Described wood shavings for particieboard produce in use be processed in sheet, strip, needle-like, granular wood chip, wood wool, sawdust, bagasse, rice husk one or more.
The preparation method that described modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue sticks agent is: add formalin in a kettle., be 7.8 ~ 8.2 with NaOH solution adjust pH, add the polyvinyl alcohol of formalin weight 0.5% ~ 0.6%, add the urea of formalin weight 13% ~ 16%, add in 40 ~ 45min, temperature is risen to 53 ~ 57 DEG C from normal temperature, insulation reaction 40 ~ 45min, afterwards, reactant liquor adds formic acid solution, regulates reactant liquor pH to be 5.0 ~ 5.5, adds, temperature reaction liquid to 80 ~ 85 DEG C, insulation reaction 85 ~ 90min in the urea 40 ~ 45min adding formalin weight 23% ~ 27%, finally, pH to 8.5 ~ 8.8 are regulated by NaOH solution, reaction temperature is down to 65 ~ 70 DEG C, add the urea of formalin weight 45% ~ 50%, add in 50 ~ 60min, add the polyacrylamide of formalin weight 4% ~ 6% again, reaction 70 ~ 80min, be cooled to room temperature, by the method for filtering, unnecessary urea can be filtered out after abundant reaction, 0.2% ~ 2% ammonium chloride or the ammonium sulfate that add Lauxite weight carry out impregnation as curing agent, add the peanut hull meal of 20% ~ 25% of formalin weight or bark powder again as filler, modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue can be obtained and stick agent.
Fire-resistant-chipboard production method comprises the following steps:
According to the proportions fire resistant fluid that the mol ratio of xylenylphosphate, silicone oil and aluminium hydroxide is 1:2 ~ 3:4 ~ 6; The mode of spraying is adopted to be uniformly applied in wood shavings by fire resistant fluid, fire resistant fluid is mixed with wood shavings, and fire resistant fluid addition is 12% ~ 17% of wood shavings weight, takes out wood shavings afterwards, wood shavings are carried out drying at 55 DEG C, makes the moisture content of the wood shavings spraying fire resistant fluid be 6% ~ 10%;
Then press wood shavings weight 8% ~ 13% controls resin added, is applied in wood shavings, carries out applying glue process to wood shavings by modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive;
Afterwards its follow-up technological process of production and technological parameter with the production procedure of ordinary particle board and technological parameter consistent, through spreading machine feed bin, mat formation, precompressed, in length and breadth silver, hot pressing, sanding, in length and breadth silver-colored limit, to end product fire-resistant-chipboard.
Then test the oxygen index (OI) of fire-resistant-chipboard according to GB/T2406 ~ 93, measure the hardness of fire-resistant-chipboard according to GB 1941-1991 Method of testing in hardness of wood, measure the water absorption rate of fire-resistant-chipboard according to GB 12626.8-1990.
Composition xylenylphosphate in fire resistant fluid has fire-retardant with plasticising dual-use function, and it is non-halogen that it can realize fire retardant, and in processing and burning, corrosivity is little, and seldom or not increases the quality of fire proofing; Xylenylphosphate has PO when burning
.formed, it can be combined by the hydrogen atom in flame region, plays the effect suppressing flame, and the moisture produced in fire-retardant process, the temperature of condensed phase can be reduced on the one hand, combustible concentration in gas phase can be diluted on the other hand, thus play fire retardation better.Silicone oil is a kind of efficient, low toxicity, anti-molten drop, eco-friendly halogen-free flame retardants, is also a kind of charcoal becoming smoke suppressant; And silicone oil has very high reactivity, easily play bonding action with the oxygen in Lauxite, formation space network, improve intermolecular cohesive force thus make fire retardant and adhesive compatibility good, combine closely.Aluminium hydroxide fire retardant has the features such as non-toxic and low cigarette.The heat of a large amount of combustion zone is absorbed during decomposes, the temperature of combustion zone is made to be reduced to below burning critical-temperature burning from putting out, high, the Heat stability is good of metal oxide fusing point generated after decomposing, be covered in burning solid phase surface and stop heat transfer and heat radiation, thus play fire retardation, decompose simultaneously and produce a large amount of steam, can fuel gas be diluted, also play fire retardation.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is: the fire retardant of employing is effective, adopt the mode of spraying to be sprayed in wood shavings by fire retardant, the contact area of wood shavings and fire retardant can be made large, spray evenly, can not fire retardant be wasted again, the fire retardant of certain consumption is fully used; The urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive ammonium chloride of the polyvinyl alcohol modification added carries out impregnation, can promote the carrying out reacted, increase the gluing speed of adhesive; Silicone oil in fire resistant fluid can play bonding action with the oxygen in Lauxite, formed space network, improve intermolecular cohesive force thus make fire retardant and adhesive compatibility good, combine closely.The fire-resistant-chipboard that the present invention obtains improves 40% ~ 60% compared to ordinary particle board oxygen index (OI), and case hardness improves 50% ~ 70%, and water absorption rate reduces by 55% ~ 65%.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
First prepare modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue and stick agent, preparation process is as follows: add formalin in a kettle., be 7.8 with NaOH solution adjust pH, add the polyvinyl alcohol of formalin weight 0.5%, add the urea of formalin weight 13%, add in 40min, temperature is risen to 53 DEG C from normal temperature, insulation reaction 40min; Afterwards, reactant liquor adds formic acid solution, regulates reactant liquor pH to be 5.0, adds, temperature reaction liquid to 80 DEG C, insulation reaction 85min in the urea 40min adding formalin weight 23%; Finally, pH to 8.5 is regulated by NaOH solution, reaction temperature is down to 65 DEG C, add the urea of formalin weight 45%%, add in 50min, add the polyacrylamide of formalin weight 4% again, reaction 70min, be cooled to room temperature, by the method for filtering, unnecessary urea can be filtered out after abundant reaction, 0.2% ammonium sulfate adding Lauxite weight carries out impregnation as curing agent, then add formalin weight 20% peanut hull meal or bark powder as filler, modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue can be obtained and stick agent.
According to the proportions fire resistant fluid that the mol ratio of xylenylphosphate, silicone oil and aluminium hydroxide is 1:2:4; The mode of spraying is adopted to be uniformly applied in wood shavings by fire resistant fluid, fire resistant fluid is mixed with wood shavings, and fire resistant fluid addition is 12% of wood shavings weight, takes out wood shavings afterwards, wood shavings are carried out drying at 55 DEG C, makes the moisture content of the wood shavings spraying fire resistant fluid be 6%;
Then press wood shavings weight 8% controls resin added, is applied in wood shavings, carries out applying glue process to wood shavings by modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive;
Afterwards its follow-up technological process of production and technological parameter with the production procedure of ordinary particle board and technological parameter consistent, through spreading machine feed bin, mat formation, precompressed, in length and breadth silver, hot pressing, sanding, in length and breadth silver-colored limit, to end product fire-resistant-chipboard; Test its oxygen index (OI) according to GB/T2406 ~ 93, measure hardness according to GB 1941-1991 Method of testing in hardness of wood, measure water absorption rate according to GB 12626.8-1990; The fire-resistant-chipboard obtained improves 42% compared to ordinary particle board oxygen index (OI), and case hardness improves 50%, and water absorption rate reduces by 55%.
Embodiment 2
According to the proportions fire resistant fluid that the mol ratio of xylenylphosphate, silicone oil and aluminium hydroxide is 1:2.5:4.5; The mode of spraying is adopted to be uniformly applied in wood shavings by fire resistant fluid, fire resistant fluid is mixed with wood shavings, and fire resistant fluid addition is 14% of wood shavings weight, takes out wood shavings afterwards, wood shavings are carried out drying at 55 DEG C, makes the moisture content of the wood shavings spraying fire resistant fluid be 7%;
Then press wood shavings weight 10% controls resin added, is applied in wood shavings, carries out applying glue process to wood shavings by modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive obtained in embodiment 1;
Afterwards its follow-up technological process of production and technological parameter with the production procedure of ordinary particle board and technological parameter consistent, through spreading machine feed bin, mat formation, precompressed, in length and breadth silver, hot pressing, sanding, in length and breadth silver-colored limit, to end product fire-resistant-chipboard; Test its oxygen index (OI) according to GB/T2406 ~ 93, measure hardness according to GB 1941-1991 Method of testing in hardness of wood, measure water absorption rate according to GB 12626.8-1990; The fire-resistant-chipboard obtained improves 48% compared to ordinary particle board oxygen index (OI), and case hardness improves 56%, and water absorption rate reduces by 59%.
Embodiment 3
First prepare modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue and stick agent, preparation process is as follows: add formalin in a kettle., be 8.2 with NaOH solution adjust pH, add the polyvinyl alcohol of formalin weight 0.6%, add the urea of formalin weight 16%, add in 45min, temperature is risen to 57 DEG C from normal temperature, insulation reaction 45min; Afterwards, reactant liquor adds formic acid solution, regulates reactant liquor pH to be 5.5, adds, temperature reaction liquid to 85 DEG C, insulation reaction 90min in the urea 45min adding formalin weight 27%; Finally, pH to 8.8 is regulated by NaOH solution, reaction temperature is down to 70 DEG C, add the urea of formalin weight 50%, add in 60min, add the polyacrylamide of formalin weight 6% again, reaction 80min, be cooled to room temperature, by the method for filtering, unnecessary urea can be filtered out after abundant reaction, 2% ammonium chloride adding Lauxite weight carries out impregnation as curing agent, then add formalin weight 25% peanut hull meal or bark powder as filler, modified urea-formaldehyde resin glue can be obtained and stick agent.
According to the proportions fire resistant fluid that the mol ratio of xylenylphosphate, silicone oil and aluminium hydroxide is 1:2.7:4.8; The mode of spraying is adopted to be uniformly applied in wood shavings by fire resistant fluid, fire resistant fluid is mixed with wood shavings, and fire resistant fluid addition is 15% of wood shavings weight, takes out wood shavings afterwards, wood shavings are carried out drying at 55 DEG C, makes the moisture content of the wood shavings spraying fire resistant fluid be 8%;
Then press wood shavings weight 12% controls resin added, is applied in wood shavings, carries out applying glue process to wood shavings by obtained modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive;
Afterwards its follow-up technological process of production and technological parameter with the production procedure of ordinary particle board and technological parameter consistent, through spreading machine feed bin, mat formation, precompressed, in length and breadth silver, hot pressing, sanding, in length and breadth silver-colored limit, to end product fire-resistant-chipboard; Test its oxygen index (OI) according to GB/T2406 ~ 93, measure hardness according to GB 1941-1991 Method of testing in hardness of wood, measure water absorption rate according to GB 12626.8-1990; The fire-resistant-chipboard obtained improves 52% compared to ordinary particle board oxygen index (OI), and case hardness improves 65%, and water absorption rate reduces by 62%.
Embodiment 4
According to the proportions fire resistant fluid that the mol ratio of xylenylphosphate, silicone oil and aluminium hydroxide is 1:3:6; The mode of spraying is adopted to be uniformly applied in wood shavings by fire resistant fluid, fire resistant fluid is mixed with wood shavings, and fire resistant fluid addition is 16% of wood shavings weight, takes out wood shavings afterwards, wood shavings are carried out drying at 55 DEG C, makes the moisture content of the wood shavings spraying fire resistant fluid be 10%;
Then press wood shavings weight 13% controls resin added, is applied in wood shavings, carries out applying glue process to wood shavings by modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive obtained in embodiment 3;
Afterwards its follow-up technological process of production and technological parameter with the production procedure of ordinary particle board and technological parameter consistent, through spreading machine feed bin, mat formation, precompressed, in length and breadth silver, hot pressing, sanding, in length and breadth silver-colored limit, to end product fire-resistant-chipboard; Test its oxygen index (OI) according to GB/T2406 ~ 93, measure hardness according to GB 1941-1991 Method of testing in hardness of wood, measure water absorption rate according to GB 12626.8-1990; The fire-resistant-chipboard obtained improves 57% compared to ordinary particle board oxygen index (OI), and case hardness improves 55%, and water absorption rate reduces by 58%.
Embodiment 5
According to the proportions fire resistant fluid that the mol ratio of xylenylphosphate, silicone oil and aluminium hydroxide is 1:2.3:4.4; The mode of spraying is adopted to be uniformly applied in wood shavings by fire resistant fluid, fire resistant fluid is mixed with wood shavings, and fire resistant fluid addition is 15% of wood shavings weight, takes out wood shavings afterwards, wood shavings are carried out drying at 55 DEG C, makes the moisture content of the wood shavings spraying fire resistant fluid be 9%;
Then press wood shavings weight 9% controls resin added, is applied in wood shavings, carries out applying glue process to wood shavings by modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive obtained in embodiment 3;
Afterwards its follow-up technological process of production and technological parameter with the production procedure of ordinary particle board and technological parameter consistent, through spreading machine feed bin, mat formation, precompressed, in length and breadth silver, hot pressing, sanding, in length and breadth silver-colored limit, to end product fire-resistant-chipboard; Test its oxygen index (OI) according to GB/T2406 ~ 93, measure hardness according to GB 1941-1991 Method of testing in hardness of wood, measure water absorption rate according to GB 12626.8-1990; The fire-resistant-chipboard obtained improves 50% compared to ordinary particle board oxygen index (OI), and case hardness improves 70%, and water absorption rate reduces by 63%.