CN104769880B

CN104769880B - For Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) sign form of WLAN (WLAN)

Info

Publication number: CN104769880B
Application number: CN201380058169.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张鸿远; S·斯里尼瓦萨
Original assignee: Mawier International Trade Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-09-20
Filing date: 2013-09-20
Publication date: 2018-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2033-09-20
Also published as: CN104769880A; KR20150058323A; JP2015534771A; WO2014047444A1; EP2898623A1

Abstract

In the method for generation Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, multiple information bits are encoded with the bit to generate multiple codings.Multiple information bits correspond to the first bandwidth, and OFDM symbol includes several data tones corresponding with the second bandwidth.The bit of coding is mapped to multiple constellation symbols.Constellation symbol is mapped to more than first a data subcarrier corresponding with the first part of OFDM symbol and more than second a data subcarrier corresponding with the second part of OFDM symbol.The data subcarrier subset that a data subcarrier is neutralized in more than second a data subcarriers more than first is configured to one or more predetermined value.Then, OFDM symbol is generated to include a data subcarrier and more than second a data subcarriers at least more than first.

Description

For Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) sign form of WLAN (WLAN)

Cross-references to the relevant application

The application is entitled " the Modulation of Signal Field in a submitted on June 30th, 2011 The part continuation application of the U.S. Patent Application No. 13/174,186 of WLAN Frame Header ", U.S. Patent Application No. No. 13/174,186 requires the U.S. Provisional Application of entitled " VHTSIGB Modulation " submitted on July 1st, 2010 The priority of the 61/360th, No. 828, their complete disclosure are hereby incorporated by reference in this.The application also requires The U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/703,593 of entitled " VHTSIGB Modulation " that September in 2012 is submitted on the 20th it is excellent It first weighs, the entire disclosure is hereby incorporated by reference in this.

Technical field

Present disclosure relates generally to communication network, and more particularly, to passing between the devices on the wireless network Up to capacity of equipment.

Background technology

Background technology description is the purpose in order to which the context of disclosure is usually presented provided herein.Current name Inventor work, can not be additionally as existing in the degree being described in the background section and when submitting There is the aspect of the description of technology, be not both recognized as impliedly not yet explicitly or relative to the prior art in the present disclosure.

WLAN (WLAN) standard, such as Institute of Electrical and Electric Engineers (IEEE) 802.11a, 802.11b, The exploitation of 802.11g and 802.11n standards has improved single user peak-data handling capacity.For example, IEEE 802.11b are marked The single user peak throughput of specified 11 megabits per second (Mbps) of standard, IEEE 802.11a and 802.11g standards are specified The single user peak throughput of 54Mbps, and IEEE 802.11n standards specify the single user peak throughput of 600Mbps. Start the work about the new standard IEEE802.11ac for promising to undertake offer or even bigger handling capacity.

Invention content

According to first embodiment, a kind of generation will be via the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing of the data cell of traffic channel (OFDM) method of symbol includes multiple information bits are encoded to generate the multiple volumes that will be included in OFDM symbol The bit of code, plurality of information bit corresponds to the first bandwidth, and wherein OFDM symbol is including corresponding with the second bandwidth Several data tones, it is wide that the second band is wider than first band.This method is further included the bit map of multiple codings to multiple constellations Symbol and by multiple constellation symbol mappeds to more than first a data subcarrier corresponding with the first part of OFDM symbol.It should Method further comprises the data subcarrier subset in more than first a data subcarriers being arranged to one or more predetermined value. This method further comprises multiple constellation symbol mappeds to more than second a data corresponding with the second part of OFDM symbol Subcarrier and the data subcarrier subset in more than second a data subcarriers is arranged to one or more predetermined value.It should Method additionally includes generation OFDM symbol to include a data subcarrier and more than second a data subcarriers at least more than first.

In another embodiment, a kind of device includes network interface, which is configured as to multiple information bits It is encoded to generate the bit of multiple codings that will be included in OFDM symbol, plurality of information bit corresponds to first Bandwidth, and wherein OFDM symbol includes several data tones corresponding with the second bandwidth, and it is wide that the second band is wider than first band.Net Network interface be additionally configured to the bit map of multiple codings to multiple constellation symbols and by multiple constellation symbol mappeds to Corresponding more than the first a data subcarrier of first part of OFDM symbol.Network interface is additionally configured to more than first a data Data subcarrier subset in carrier wave is arranged to one or more predetermined value.Network interface is further additionally configured to will be multiple Constellation symbol mapped is to more than second a data subcarrier corresponding with the second part of OFDM symbol and by more than second a data Data subcarrier subset in subcarrier is arranged to one or more predetermined value.Network interface is additionally configured as generating OFDM symbol is to include a data subcarrier and more than second a data subcarriers at least more than first.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the WLAN (WLAN) using various signal field modulation described here and mapping techniques The block diagram of example embodiment.

Fig. 2 is the figure according to the exemplary data cells form of one embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to the example PHY processing units of one embodiment.

Fig. 4 is according to the figure of the example OFDM symbol for 40MHz communication channels of one embodiment, the PHY processing of Fig. 3 Unit is configurable to generate the 40MHz communication channels.

Fig. 5 is the figure of another example OFDM symbol for 40MHz communication channels according to another embodiment, the PHY of Fig. 3 Processing unit is configurable to generate the 40MHz communication channels.

Fig. 6 is according to the figure of the example OFDM symbol for 80MHz communication channels of one embodiment, the PHY processing of Fig. 3 The 80MHz communication channels that unit is configurable to generate.

Fig. 7 is the figure of another example OFDM symbol for 80MHz communication channels according to another embodiment, the PHY of Fig. 3 Processing unit is configurable to generate the 80MHz communication channels.

Fig. 8 is to be used to generate and transmit with signal field, such as VHT-SIGB or another according to one embodiment The flow chart of the exemplary method of the PHY data unit of appropriate field.

Fig. 9 is according to another embodiment for generating and transmit with signal field, such as VHT-SIGB or another The flow chart of another exemplary method of the PHY data unit of appropriate field.

Figure 10 is according to another embodiment for generating and transmit with signal field, such as VHT-SIGB or another The flow chart of the exemplary method of multi-user's PHY data unit of appropriate field.

Figure 11 is the flow chart for being used to generate the exemplary method of OFDM symbol according to one embodiment.

Specific embodiment

In embodiment described below, the Wireless Communication Equipment of the access point (AP) of such as WLAN (WLAN) to One or more client stations transmitting data stream.In one embodiment, AP be configured as according to the first communication protocol (for example, IEEE 802.11ac standards) it is operated with client stations.In one embodiment, additionally, the different clients station near AP by with It is set to according to the second communication protocol (for example, IEEE 802.11n standards, IEEE 802.11a standards, IEEE 802.11g standards Deng) operation.The operation of first communication protocol and the second communication protocol definition in the frequency range of more than 1GHz, and usually use In following application, these application requirements have the wireless communication of the opposite short range of relatively low data rate.First communication protocol Referred to here as high throughput (VHT) agreement, and the second communication protocol is referred to here as legacy protocol.In some embodiments, AP It is additionally or alternatively configured as according to third communication agreement and client operation.Third communication protocol definition 1GHz with Operation in lower frequency range, and commonly used in following application, these application requirements have the phase of relatively low data rate To long-range wireless communication.First communication protocol and the second communication protocol are herein collectively referred to as " short range " communication protocol, and third is led to Believe that agreement is referred to here as " long-range " communication protocol.

In one embodiment, the multiple biographies of each protocol definition in communication protocol (for example, short range protocol, remote protocol) Defeated channel width.In some embodiments, by AP emit or receive data cell include lead code, the lead code include with The corresponding legacy part of bandwidth (for example, 20MHz bandwidth defined in 802.11 agreements) defined in legacy protocol and Or different channels bandwidth identical with defined in VHT agreements (for example, 80MHz bandwidth defined in VHT agreements) is corresponding VHT parts.According to one embodiment, the lead code of data cell includes carrying multiple letters of the information required at receiver Number field, properly to identify multiple signal fields with decoding data unit.In some embodiments, for example, in lead code In include two signal fields, the legacy part of lead code include and with similar to the legacy part of data cell Mode the first signal field modulated and include in the VHT parts of lead code and with the VHT numbers with data cell The second signal field modulated according to the similar mode in part.In one such embodiment, with the VHT data portions of data cell Similarly but using the code rate lower than VHT data portion and smaller constellation size modulate second signal field. Further, in some embodiments, the specific channel width occupied regardless of data cell, for second signal field Bit distribution is identical.For example, in one embodiment, for the minimum by VHT protocol definitions may bandwidth (for example, 20MHz bandwidth, 40MHz etc.) carry out designated bit distribution, and be inserted into and/or repeat to pass in higher VHT bandwidth using bit Defeated second signal field.In addition, in one embodiment, the VHT data portions of data cell include being oriented to single user (SU) Or multiple spatial datas of multiple users (MU), and second signal field is limited to individual traffic.In these embodiments In, the single stream of second signal field is mapped to multiple spatial flows corresponding with the data portion of data cell in some way And/or multiple users.

Fig. 1 is one of the WLAN (WLAN) 10 using various signal field modulation described here and mapping techniques The block diagram of a example embodiment.AP 14 includes the host-processor 15 for being coupled to network interface 16.Network interface 16 includes medium Access control (MAC) processing unit 18 and physical layer (PHY) processing unit 20.PHY processing units 20 include multiple transceivers 21, And transceiver is coupled to mutiple antennas 24.Although illustrating three transceivers 21 and three antennas 24 in Fig. 1, AP 14 can include the transceiver 21 and antenna 24 of different numbers (for example, 1,2,4,5 etc.) in other embodiments.In a reality It applies in example, MAC processing units 18 and PHY processing units 20 are configured as according to the first communication protocol (for example, now just in standard IEEE 802.11ac standards during change).First communication protocol is also referred to as high throughput (VHT) agreement herein.Another In one embodiment, MAC processing units 18 and PHY processing units 20 be additionally configured to according at least the second communication protocol (for example, IEEE 802.11n standards, IEEE 802.11a standards etc.) operation.In another embodiment, at MAC processing units 18 and PHY Reason unit 20 be additionally or alternatively configured as according to telecommunication protocol (for example, IEEE 802.11ah standards, IEEE802.11af standards etc.) operation.

WLAN 10 includes multiple client stations 25.Although four client stations 25 are illustrated in Fig. 1, in various scenes It can include the client stations 25 of different numbers (for example, 1,2,3,5,6 etc.) with WLAN in embodiment 10.In client stations 25 extremely A few client stations (for example, client stations 25-1) is configured as according at least to the first communication protocol operations.

Client stations 25-1 includes the host-processor 26 for being coupled to network interface 27.It is single that network interface 27 includes MAC processing 28 and PHY of member processing units 29.PHY processing units 29 include multiple transceivers 30, and transceiver 30 is coupled to multiple days Line 34.Although illustrating three transceivers 30 and three antennas 34 in Fig. 1, client stations 25-1 can in other embodiments To include the transceiver 30 and antenna 34 of different numbers (for example, 1,2,4,5 etc.).

In one embodiment, one in client stations 252,25-3 and 25-4 or all client stations have and client stations Structure same or similar 25-1.In these embodiments, structure and client stations 25 same or similar client stations 25-1 With identical or different number of transceiver and antenna.For example, according to one embodiment, client stations 25-2 is with only two receipts Send out device and two antennas.

In various embodiments, the PHY processing units 20 of AP 14 are configurable to generate the data for meeting the first communication protocol Unit.Transceiver 21 is configured as the data cell via the transmitting generation of antenna 24.Similarly, transceiver 24 be configured as via Antenna 24 receives data cell.According to one embodiment, the PHY processing units 20 of AP 14 are configured as processing, and to meet first logical Believe the data cell of the reception of agreement.

In various embodiments, the PHY processing units 29 of client device 25-1, which are configurable to generate, meets the first communication protocols The data cell of view.Transceiver 30 is configured as the data cell via the transmitting generation of antenna 34.Similarly, transceiver is configured To receive data cell via antenna 34.According to one embodiment, the PHY processing units 29 of client device 25-1 are configured as Processing meets the data cell of the reception of the first communication protocol.

Fig. 2 is the figure being configured as according to the AP 14 of one embodiment to the client stations 25-1 data cells 250 transmitted. In one embodiment, client stations 25-1 is also arranged to 14 transmission data units 250 of AP.Data cell 250 meets VHT Agreement and occupy 80MHz frequency bands.In other embodiments, the data cell similar to data cell 250 occupies different bandwidth, Such as 20MHz, 40MHz, 120MHz, 160MHz or any appropriate bandwidth.Additionally, frequency band need not be continuous in frequency, but It is that can be included in two or more the smaller frequency band detached in frequency.For example, according to one embodiment, in some scenes In, such as when condition and equipment support 160MHz channels, data cell 250 occupies 160MHz frequency bands, the 160MHz frequency bands by It is formed in frequency by two discontinuous 80MHz frequency bands that some appropriate minimum bandwidth detaches.Data cell 250 includes leading Code, there are four leave short training field (L-STF) 252, four to leave long training field (L-LFT) 254, four for lead code tool Leave signal field (L-SIG) 256, four the first high throughput signal fields (VHT-SIGA) 258, high throughput short trainings Section of practising handwriting (VHT-STF) 262, N number of high throughput long training field (VHT-LTF) 264, wherein N are integer and the second pole High throughput signal field (VHT-SIGB) 268.Data cell 250 further includes data portion 272.L-STF 252、L-LTF 254 and L-SIG 256 forms legacy part.VHT-STF262, VHT-SIGA 258, VHT-LTF 264,268 and of VHT-SIGB Data portion 266 forms high throughput (VHT) part.

In the embodiment of fig. 2, each L-LTF, L-SIG in each L-STF, L-LTF 254 in L-STF 252 Each VHT-SIGA in each L-SIG and VHT-SIGA 258 in 256 occupies 20MHz frequency bands.In this disclosure, it is The purpose for illustrating the embodiment of frame format describes and includes the several of data cell 250 with 80MHz continuous bandwidths Exemplary data cells, but these frame format embodiments and other embodiments are suitable for other appropriate bandwidth (including non-continuous belts It is wide).For example, although the lead code of Fig. 2 is including every in L-STF252, L-LTF 254, L-SIG 256 and VHT-SIGA 258 Four fields of kind field, but occupied other than 80MHz such as in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) data cell In the other embodiments of the cumulative bandwidth of 20MHz, 40MHz, 120MHz, 160MHz etc., different an appropriate number of L-STF 252, L-LTF 254, L-SIG 256 and VHT-SIGA 258 are by accordingly with (for example, the OFDM data list for occupying 20MHz Member is a field of L-STF 252, L-LTF 254, L-SIG 256 and each field in VHT-SIGA 258, for The OFDM data unit of 40MHz bandwidth is two fields of each field in field, and for the OFDM numbers of 160MHz bandwidth According to eight fields of the unit for each field in field).In some embodiments and situation, for example, also in 160MHz bandwidth OFDM data unit in, frequency band is discontinuous in frequency.Thus, for example, in some embodiments, L-STF 252, L- LTF 254, L-SIG 256 and VHT-SIGA 258 occupy two or more frequency band being separated from each other in frequency, and phase Adjacent frequency band is separated to few 1MHz, at least 5MHz, at least 10MHz, at least 20MHz in frequency.In the embodiment of fig. 2, Each field in VHT-STF 262, VHT-LTF 264, VHT-SIGB 268 and data portion 266 occupies 80MHz frequency bands.Root According to one embodiment, if the data cell for meeting the first communication protocol be occupy such as 20MHz, 40MHz, 120MHz or The data cell of the cumulative bandwidth of 160MHz OFDM, then VHT-STF, VHT-LTF, VHT-SIGB and VHT data portion occupy number According to the corresponding whole bandwidth of unit.

Further, the equipment of wherein generation data cell 250 according to fig. 2 includes mutiple antennas and being capable of transmitted wave The embodiment of beam shaping (beamforming) or beam conduct (beamsteering), VHT-SIGA 258 are included in number According to not guiding (unsteered) (either " omnidirectional " or " pseudo- omnidirectional " for unit 250；As used in this term " not guiding " and " omnidirectional " be intended to also include term " pseudo- omnidirectional ") part in and comprising each client stations in the client stations 25 in Fig. 1 Public PHY information.On the other hand, it ' is guiding and VHT-SIGB 268 is contained in (steered) ' part.In data sheet Member 250 is one of multi-user transmission (for example, data cell 250 includes the independent data stream for corresponding to different receiving devices) In embodiment, leader includes the different data for different clients 25, and different data is passed through by different spaces channel It is transmitted simultaneously from the antenna 24 of Fig. 1 with the interior of each client stations conveying different (or " user-specifics ") into client stations 25 Hold.Therefore, in these embodiments, VHT-SIGA 258 carries the public information of all users, and VHT-SIGB 268 includes User-specific information.On the other hand, in the one embodiment for being single user transmission in data cell 250, guidance part subpackage Include the data for client 25 for transmitting and carrying out beam conduct to particular client 25 via antenna 24.

According to one embodiment, each VHT-SIGA in VHT-SIGA 258 is included with leaving 256 phase of L-SIG fields As two OFDM symbols modulating of mode.According to some embodiments described below and/or scene, on the other hand, VHT- SIGB fields 268 include the single OFDM symbol modulated in a manner of similar to VHT data portions 272.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to the example PHY processing units 300 for being configured to generation OFDM symbol of one embodiment.Example Such as, in one embodiment and/or scene, the generation of PHY processing units 300 and the VHT-SIGB 268 of data cell 250 (Fig. 2) Corresponding OFDM symbol.In another embodiment and/or scene, the generation of PHY processing units 300 and the data of data cell 250 272 corresponding OFDM symbol of part.In other embodiments and/or scene, the generation of PHY processing units 300 and data cell 250 The corresponding OFDM symbol of another part or the OFDM symbol that will include in another proper data unit.Reference Fig. 1, In one embodiment, AP 14 and client stations 25-1 respectively include PHY processing units, such as PHY processing units 300.

According to one embodiment, PHY unit 300 includes usually data input data stream is encoded to generate corresponding compile Forward error correction (FEC) encoder 302 of the stream of code.In one embodiment, FEC encoder utilizes two that code rate is 1/2 System convolutional encoding (BCC).In other embodiments, FEC encoder utilizes other appropriate type of codings and/or other appropriate volumes Bit rate.FEC encoder 302 is coupled to frequency interleaver 304, the bit of the stream of 304 interweaving encoding of frequency interleaver (that is, Change the sequence of bit) to prevent the long sequence of adjacent noise bit from entering decoder at receiver.

The bit sequence of intertexture is mapped to constellation corresponding with the different sub-carrier of OFDM symbol by constellation mapper 306 Point.More specifically, constellation mapper 306 is by each log₂(M) constellation point being converted in M constellation point.At one In embodiment, constellation mapper 306 is operated according to binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation scheme.In other embodiments, Other appropriate modulation schemes are utilized.Constellation mapper 306 is coupled to below realization and is retouched in various embodiments and/or scene The various repetitions stated and the tone of insertion technology repeat and are inserted into unit 308.

According to one embodiment, present tone repetition to stream mapper unit 312 and be inserted into the output of unit 308. In one embodiment, constellation point is extended to greater number of space-time stream by stream mapper 312.For example, Pilot generator Unit 310 is generated for the pilot tones of the Frequency offset estimation at receiver, and the space of stream mapper 312- Pilot tones are embedded into symbol OFDM tone at time output.Multiple cyclic shift diversity (CSD) units 314 will be recycled and be moved Position is inserted into all space-time streams other than a space-time stream in space-time stream to prevent unintentionally Beam forming.

Space-time stream is mapped to hair corresponding with one or more available transmission antenna by spatial mapping unit 316 Penetrate chain.In various embodiments, space reflection includes the one or more in the following terms：1) it directly maps, wherein coming from The constellation point of each space-time stream is directly mapped in transmitting chain (that is, one-to-one mapping)；2) spatial spread, wherein The vector of the constellation point from all space-time streams is extended via matrix multiplication to generate the input to transmitting chain；And 3) Beam forming, wherein each vector of the constellation point from all space-time streams is multiplied by steering vector matrix to generate to hair Penetrate the input of chain.

In one embodiment, the application of spatial mapping unit 316 guiding matrix Q is (for example, by N_STS× 1 signal phasor s multiplies With Q, i.e. Qs), wherein Q has size (N_TX×N_STS), wherein N_TXThe number of transmitting chain and N_STSIt is the number of space-time stream Mesh.When using beam forming, based on multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) channel between transmitter and receiver come generator matrix Q.In one embodiment, N_TXWith maximum value 8.In another embodiment, N_TXWith maximum value 16.In other embodiments, N_TXWith different maximum values, 4,32,64 etc..

Each output of spatial mapping unit 316 corresponds to transmitting chain, and each output quilt of spatial mapping unit 316 318 operation of inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) unit, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) unit 318 turn the block of constellation point Change time-domain signal into.In one embodiment, IDFT units 318 are configured as realizing that inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) is calculated Method.Each time-domain signal is provided to transmitting antenna and is used for transmission.

According to one embodiment, the number of the subcarrier (or tone) in OFDM symbol often relies on the channel utilized Bandwidth (BW).For example, according to one embodiment, for 20MHz channels OFDM symbol correspond to size 64 IDFT and Including 64 tones, and the OFDM symbol for being used for 40MHz channels corresponds to the IDFT of size 128 and including 128 tone. In one embodiment, tone in OFDM symbol includes for wave filter oblique ascension and the guard tone of oblique deascension, for mitigating radio frequency The DC tones and the pilot tones for Frequency offset estimation of interference.According to one embodiment, remaining tone can be used for passing Transmission of data or information bit (" data tones ").The July 29 in 2010 in this is being integrally incorporated with it by being hereby incorporated The U.S. Patent Application No. of entitled " Methods and Apparatus for WLAN Transmission " that day submits The logical of the example PHY processing units that are configured to the data cell that generation meets the first communication protocol is described in No. 12/846,681 With transmitter flow and the various example transmissions utilized in data cell corresponding with some embodiments in the present disclosure Channel and Tone Map.

In one embodiment, the channel width occupied regardless of data cell, for the OFDM symbols in data cell Number tone and/or bit distribution be identical.For example, according to for " basic " bandwidth, such as by the minimum of communication protocol definition Channel width and define form generation OFDM symbol, and tone described here repeat and be inserted into technology be used to generate with The corresponding OFDM symbol of wider channel width.For example, in one embodiment, 20MHz channel widths are used as primary bandwidth. In the embodiment, distributed to generate OFDM symbol, and profit according to the tone and/or bit defined for 20MHz channel widths Technology is repeated and is inserted into tone described here to generate and more high-bandwidth channels, 40MHz channels, 80MHz channels etc. Corresponding OFDM symbol.In another embodiment, 40MHz bandwidth is used as primary bandwidth, and uses tone described here Technology is repeated and is inserted into generate higher bandwidth OFDM symbol.In other embodiments, other appropriate primary bandwidths are utilized.

In general, in various embodiments and/or scene, can utilize corresponding with the IDFT that size is N any suitable When bandwidth is as primary bandwidth, and tone described here repeats and is inserted into technology and can be used for being based upon depending on N points IDFT Tone and/or bit distribution generation and larger IDFT, the corresponding OFDM symbols of such as kN points IDFT, wherein N and the k of justice It is integer.It should be noted that in other embodiments, although tone repeat and be inserted into technology be described below as being usually performed with The tone and/or bit that are based upon more low-bandwidth signal field and define distribute to generate broader bandwidth signal field, but this The technology of sample be not limited to OFDM symbol corresponding with signal field and be applied to other fields of OFDM data unit (such as Training field, data field) corresponding OFDM symbol.

As an example, referring again to Fig. 2, according to one embodiment, no matter the channel that the particular-data unit generated occupies How is bandwidth, and the bit distribution for the VHT/SIGB fields 268 of data cell 250 is identical.Equally, in some embodiments In, it has been used in the OFDM symbol generated for VHT-SIGB 268 with being generated in the data portion for data cell 250 Symbol in the equal number of guard tone, DC tones and the pilot tones that use.In one suchembodiment, sound is protected Adjust, DC tones and pilot tones be in the OFDM symbol generated for VHT-SIGB fields 268 with for data portion 272 And the tone of the tone identical frequency in the OFDM symbol generated.

In one embodiment, 268 bit of VHT-SIGB fields distribution corresponds to the data tones with corresponding number 20MHz OFDM symbols, and same bits distribution is used for data corresponding with bigger bandwidth (for example, 40MHz, 80MHz etc.) Unit.In one suchembodiment, for example, being assigned with 26 bits for VHT-SIGB fields, and it is assigned with 20 bits use In information bit and 6 bits are assigned with for tail bits.BCC decoder is being used to VHT-SIGB with 1/2 code rate In one embodiment that field 268 is encoded, by 26 bits of encoded into 52 data tones pair available for 20MHz channels 52 data bits answered.In other embodiments, other appropriate bit distribution and other appropriate codings and modulation methods Case is used for VHT-SIGB fields 268.Equal number of bit is allocated for having corresponding greater number of number wherein According in the various embodiments and/or scene of the bigger bandwidth channel of tone, technology is repeated and is inserted into using tone described here To fill remaining data available tone.

Fig. 4 (is such as schemed to be used for the VHT-SIGB fields of the data cell of 40MHz channels according to one embodiment 2 VHT-SIGB fields 268) and the figure of the OFDM symbol 400 of generation.OFDM symbol 400 correspond to size 128 IDFT and Including 128 tones.In one embodiment, 128 tone time slots from -64 to+63 are indexed.128 tones include protection Tone, direct current (DC) tone, data tones and pilot tones.Six lowest frequency tones and five highest frequency tones are protection Tone.Three tones of from -1 to+1 index are DC tones.According to one embodiment, OFDM symbol 400 also includes 6 pilot tones 108 data tones of reconciliation.As shown in Figure 4,108 data tones include 52 tones corresponding with VHT-SIGB bits and The tones of 2 insertions, and 54 tones as a result are repeated once in order to filling the remaining tone of OFDM symbol. In OFDM symbol 400, the tone of two insertions occupies minimum data/pilot carrier frequency tone time slot and upper letter in lower channel sideband Two minimum datas/pilot carrier frequency tone time slot in road sideband.

Fig. 5 is (such as scheming to be used for the VHT-SIGB fields of the data cell of 40MHz channels according to another embodiment 2 VHT-SIGB fields 268) and the figure of another example OFDM symbol 500 of generation.OFDM symbol 500 and 400 phase of OFDM symbol Seemingly, in addition to the two minimum datas/pilot carrier frequency tone time slot being inserted into tone occupancy lower channel sideband in OFDM symbol 500 With two the maximum data in upper signal channel sideband/pilot carrier frequency tone time slot.

In other embodiments, two be inserted into tones occupy it is any other in OFDM symbols 400 or OFDM symbol 500 Appropriate data/pilot periodicity pitch time slot.

Fig. 6 (is such as schemed to be used for the VHT-SIGB fields of the data cell of 80MHz channels according to one embodiment 2 VHT-SIGB fields 268) and the figure of the OFDM symbol 600 of generation.OFDM symbol 600 correspond to size 256 IDFT and Including 256 tones.In one embodiment, 256 tones from -128 to+127 are indexed.256 tones include protection sound Tune, DC tones, data tones and pilot tones.Six lowest frequency tones and five highest frequency tones are guard tones.From- Three tones of 1 to+1 index are DC tones.OFDM symbol 350 also includes 8 pilot tones and 234 data tones.234 Data tones include 52 tones corresponding with VHT-SIGB information bits, 52 of repetition as VHT-SIGB information bits Tone and the tone of 13 insertions, and 117 tones as a result are repeated once.In OFDM symbol 600,13 The low-limit frequency that the tone of insertion is occupied in low-limit frequency pilot/data tone and upper signal channel sideband in lower channel sideband is led Frequently/data tones time slot.

Fig. 7 is (such as scheming to be used for the VHT-SIGB fields of the data cell of 80MHz channels according to another embodiment 2 VHT-SIGB fields 268) and the figure of another example OFDM symbol 700 of generation.OFDM symbol 700 and 800 phase of OFDM symbol When seemingly, in addition to 13 low-limit frequency data/pilot tones being inserted into tone occupancy lower channel sideband in OFDM symbol 700 Highest frequency data/pilot tone time slot in gap and upper signal channel sideband.

In other embodiments, 13 be inserted into tones occupy in OFDM symbols 600 or OFDM symbol 700 it is any its Its appropriate data/pilot tone time slot.

According to one embodiment or situation, tone, the insertion tone in symbol 500, symbol are inserted into symbol 400 The insertion tone being inserted into tone and/or symbol 700 in 600 carries VHT-SIGB information bits and/or VHT-SIGA information The value of some information bits in bit.Similarly, in some other embodiments and/or situation, the insertion sound in symbol 400 It adjusts, the insertion tone being inserted into tone and/or symbol 700 being inserted into tone, symbol 600 in symbol 500 carries LSIG letters Cease the value of some LSIG information bits in bit.Alternatively, in other embodiments and/or situation, the insertion in symbol 400 Insertion tone in tone, symbol 500, the insertion tone in symbol 600 and/or the insertion tone in symbol 700 are empty (0) sounds It adjusts.There is these embodiments unused additional transmission power to be used for transmission insertion tone (that is, all transmission powers are used for VHT- SIGB information and tail bits) the advantages of.In other embodiments and/or scene, carry out modulation symbol 400 using any appropriate value In be inserted into tone, the insertion tone being inserted into tone, symbol 700 being inserted into tone, symbol 600 in symbol 500.

In other embodiments and/or scene, insertion tone, symbol in modulation symbol 400 are come using any appropriate value The insertion tone being inserted into tone and/or symbol 700 being inserted into tone, symbol 600 in 500.

In one embodiment, the client stations 25-1 in Fig. 1 abandons the data received during decoding with demodulating process The tone of insertion in the VHT-SIGB fields of unit.According to one embodiment, alternatively, if the tone being inserted into has and letter The corresponding value of some information bits of number field (for example, VHT-SIGA, VHT-SIGB, L-SIG), then receiver conciliate in decoding Thus the extra diversity provided rather than the tone for simply discarding insertion are provided during tune process.

In some embodiments, using for as the tone of the 40MHz bandwidth of primary bandwidth and/or bit distribution next life Into 80MHz signal fields.For example, in one embodiment, using the tone defined for 40MHz VHT-SIGB fields and/or Bit distributes to generate 80MHz VHT-SIGB fields, and technology is repeated and be inserted into using tone described here to fill 80MHz Remaining data tone in VHT-SIGB fields.Similarly, in one embodiment, using the sound for 80MHz signal fields It adjusts and/or bit distributes to generate 160MHz signal fields, technology is repeated and be inserted into using tone described here to fill Remaining data tone in 160MHz fields.In another embodiment, using the tone for 40MHz bandwidth signal fields and/ Or bit distribution generates 160MHz fields, is inserted into using tone described here and repeat techniques.In general, in various realities It applies in example and/or scene, is generated using primary bandwidth B for the OFDM symbol of mB bandwidth communication channels, wherein m is integer.

In one embodiment, the basic of bigger is generated using field corresponding with 20MHz or another appropriate bandwidth Bandwidth, such as 40MHz primary bandwidths.For example, one or more uncoded bit be inserted into 20MHz bandwidth channels or In the corresponding bit stream of another appropriate bandwidth channel of person so that after coding, the bit stream of coding corresponds to bigger bandwidth, all Such as 40MHz bandwidth.Then, tone repeats and is inserted into technology and is applied to primary bandwidth to generate for more high-bandwidth channels OFDM symbol.For example, referring to Fig. 3, the repetition of uncoded information bit is utilized, and if it is required, then to encoder The uncoded message bit stream of forward direction of 302 offer bit streams adds one or more added bit (for example, in the weight of bit Before recurrence is raw or after the occurring repeatedly of bit) so that after being encoded by encoder 302, bit as a result (bit of coding) is flowed corresponding to wider primary bandwidth, such as 40MHz primary bandwidths.In this embodiment, then, it is reflected to constellation The bit that unit 306 provides coding is penetrated, constellation mapping unit 306 arrives the bit map of coding and primary bandwidth, such as 40MHz The corresponding constellation point of OFDM tones of bandwidth.Such as in one embodiment, then, tone repeats and is inserted into unit 308 and repeats OFDM tones and/or insertion as a result adds OFDM tones to generate broader bandwidth OFDM symbol, such as 80MHz OFDM Symbol or 160MHz OFDM symbols.

As discussed above, in some embodiments, AP 14 is configured as basis and is typically defined in below 1GHz frequencies The telecommunication protocol of operation in rate range to communicate with one or more client stations.In some such embodiments, Telecommunication protocol defines the physics number of plies with being defined by one or more short range communication protocols in short range communication protocols According to one or more same or similar physical layer data unit format of cell format.In one embodiment, in order to prop up Hold the communication in farther range and also for the letter for being contained in the lower available usual smaller bandwidth of (below 1GHz) frequency Road, telecommunication protocol are defined with the lattice substantially the same with the physical layer data unit format that telecommunication protocol defines Formula but use lower clock rate and the data cell that generates.In one embodiment, AP is (and high to be suitable for short range Handling capacity) operation clock rate operation, and frequency reducing (down-clocking) is used to generate and will be operated for below 1GHz New clock signal.As a result, in this embodiment, meet the data cell (" teledata unit ") of telecommunication protocol Maintenance is typically compliant with the physical layer formats of the data cell (" short-range data unit ") of short range communication protocols, but in the longer time It is transmitted in section.As an example, meet the data cells of IEEE 802.11ah standards according in IEEE 802-11n standards or Form defined in IEEE 802-11ac standards generates, but is generated using the clock signal of the ratio frequency reducing by ten. In this embodiment, short-range data unit generally correspond to channel width described above (for example, 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz, 160MHz), and teledata unit have using 10 frequency reducing than come frequency reducing correspondence bandwidth (for example, 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, 16MHz)。

In other embodiments, other appropriate frequency reducing ratios are utilized.For example, in one embodiment, according to IEEE The data cell of 802.11af be with 7.5 frequency reducing than IEEE802.11n IEEE 802.11ac data cells drop Frequency version.For example, additionally, in some embodiments, telecommunication protocol, which defines, to be intended for needing more high s/n ratio One or more additional bandwidth channel of the operation of energy, the range such as extended or control model operation, such as 1MHz bands Wide channels.The U.S. Patent Application No. 13/ submitted this 26 days January in 2012 is being integrally incorporated with it by being hereby incorporated The various examples of the teledata unit generated by frequency reducing are described in No. 359,336 and are utilized in some embodiments Teledata unit example PHY forms.

In some such embodiments, the channel width of minimum frequency reducing is utilized as primary bandwidth, and retouches herein The tone stated, which repeats and be inserted into calculate, is used to generate OFDM symbol corresponding with higher channel width.For example, be utilized as with 1MHz primary bandwidths or the corresponding OFDM symbol of 2MHz primary bandwidths and the tone and/or bit that define distribute generate with more The corresponding OFDM symbol of high bandwidth, and repeat and be inserted into technology using tone described here and believe to generate for more high bandwidth The OFDM symbol in road (for example, 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, 16MHz).According to various embodiments, it as an example, with reference to Figure 4 and 5, retouches The OFDM symbol 400 and 500 painted corresponds to is assisted using the telecommunication that the tone assignment defined for 2MHz bandwidth channels generates The 4MHz bandwidth of view.In various embodiments, as another example, with reference to Fig. 6 and 7, the OFDM symbol 600 of description and 700 pairs Ying Yu uses the 8MHz bandwidth of telecommunication protocol that the tone assignment defined for 2MHz bandwidth channels generates.In another implementation In example, it is utilized for another appropriate primary bandwidth, such as tone of 4MHz bandwidth and/or bit distribution, and retouch herein The tone stated repeats and insertion technology is used to generate and is corresponded to more high-bandwidth channels, such as 8MHz channels or 16MHz channels OFDM symbol.In general, in various embodiments and/or scene, generated using primary bandwidth B for mB bandwidth communications The OFDM symbol of channel, wherein m are integers.

Referring again to Fig. 2, in the embodiment for including multiple spatial flows in wherein data portion 272, VHT-SIGB fields 268 It is correspondingly mapped to multiple streams.In some such embodiments, instruction corresponding with multiple spatial flows will be included via matrix P The VHT-STF fields 264 for practicing sequence are mapped to multiple spatial flows.In some embodiments and/or scene, same matrix P quilts It is corresponding with multiple spatial flows in VHT data portions 272 for being mapped to the individual traffic in VHT-SIGB fields 268 Data flow.More specifically, in one embodiment, VHT-LTF training fields 264 are mapped to corresponding space according to the following formula Stream：

Wherein Q^(k)Corresponding to the space reflection of the kth tone of VHT-LTF training fields, D^(k)Corresponding to for kth tone CSD phase shifts, P_*1、…、P_*NLTFIt is the row of mapping matrix P, and S^(k)It is the kth tone of VHT-LTF training symbols.

Referring still to Fig. 2, according to one embodiment, the row P of equation 1 is used_*1、…、P_*NLTFIn a row by VHT- SIGB fields 268 are mapped to multiple spatial flows of data cell 250.For example, in one embodiment, the first row quilt of P matrixes For mapping VHT-SIGB fields 268：

Wherein S_{VHTSIGB_U1} ^(k)It is the kth tone of VHT-SIGB symbols.In other embodiments and/or scene, P matrixes Different lines are used to mapping VHT-SIGB fields 268.

In some embodiments, data cell 250 is multi-user (MU) data cell, i.e., data cell 250 includes being used for The user-specific information of more than one user (for example, more than one client stations in client stations 25 in Fig. 1).For example, according to One embodiment, including the user-specific information for two users, (i.e. data cell 250 is " two users " to data cell 250 Data cell).In other embodiments and/or scene, data cell 250 is included for different number of user (for example, 3 User, 4 users, 5 users etc.) data.In some such embodiments, the number of VHT-LTF fields 264 is directly With related and single " huge " mapping matrix of the sum of the spatial flow of all expected recipients (user) for data cell P is used to jointly map the training information for all users and all spatial flows.For example, in one embodiment, if Data cell 250 is two users' data cell, then maps VHT-LTF fields 268 according to the following formula：

Wherein Q_U1 ^(k)Corresponding to the space reflection of the kth tone of the VHT-LTF training fields for user 1, Q_U2 ^(k)It is corresponding In the space reflection of the kth tone of the VHT-LTF training fields for user 2, D_U1 ^(k)Corresponding to the kth tone for user 1 Cyclic shift diversity (CSD) phase shift diversity, D_U2 ^(k)Corresponding to cyclic shift diversity (CSD) phase of the kth tone for user 2 Move diversity, P_{(U1)_*1}..., P_{(U1)_*NLTF}It is the row of the mapping matrix P for user 1, P_{(U2)_*1}..., P_{(U2)_*NLTF}It is to be used for The row of the mapping matrix P of user 2, and S^(k)It is the kth tone of VHT-LTF training symbols.

It is one embodiment of two users' data cell according to wherein data cell 250 with continued reference to Fig. 2, VHT-SIGB Therefore field 268 is guided to two users (assuming that each user does not see the interference from another user).In this case, The single stream of VHT-SIGB fields 268 uses any row P of equation 3_{(U1)_*1}..., P_{(U1)_*NLTF}Or P_{(U2)_*1}..., P_{(U2)_*NLTF}It is mapped to multiple spatial flows and multiple users.For example, in one embodiment, combine the first row quilt of P matrixes For mapping the VHT-SIGB fields 268 for user 1 according to the following formula：

Wherein S_{VHTSIGB U1} ^(k)It is the kth tone of the VHT-SIGB symbols for user 1.In other embodiments, combine P Other row of matrix are used to that VHT-SIGB fields 268 are directed into expected user via multiple data flows.

Fig. 8 is to be used to generate and transmit with signal field, such as VHT-SIGB or another according to one embodiment The flow chart of the exemplary method 800 of the PHY data unit of appropriate field.Method 800 is all at least partly by PHY processing units As PHY processing units 20 (Fig. 1), PHY processing units 29 (Fig. 1) and/or PHY processing units 300 (Fig. 3) realize, and in order to Ease of explanation and Fig. 8 will be described with reference to Fig. 3.However, in other embodiments, another appropriate PHY processing units and/or net Network interface realizing method 800.

At block 804, the signal field of the lead code of PHY data unit is generated.In one embodiment, it generates VHT-SIGB fields.In another embodiment, another proper signal field is generated.

At block 808, the signal field generated at block 804 is mapped to corresponding with the first frequency part of OFDM symbol More than first a data subcarriers.For example, signal field is mapped to the first frequency with OFDM symbol by BPSK constellation mappings block 306 Corresponding more than the first a data subcarrier in rate part.In another embodiment, another proper treatment block of network interface realizes block 808。

At block 812, the data subcarrier set in more than first a data subcarriers is arranged to predetermined value.For example, In one embodiment, by least some of the subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers subcarrier be configured to "+1 " value or some Other appropriate values.As another example, in one embodiment, at least some of subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers is carried Wave is arranged to the value or some other appropriate value of " -1 ".It as another example, in one embodiment, will be in t easet ofasubcarriers At least some of subcarrier subcarrier be arranged to null value.In one embodiment, block 812 by Fig. 3 tone repeat and Inserting block 308 is realized.In another embodiment, another proper treatment block of network interface realizes block 812.

At block 816, the signal field generated at block 804 is mapped to corresponding with the second frequency part of OFDM symbol More than second a data subcarriers.For example, the tone in Fig. 3 repeats and signal field is mapped to and is accorded with OFDM by inserting block 308 Number corresponding more than the second a data subcarrier in second frequency part.In another embodiment, another appropriate place of network interface It manages block and realizes block 816.

At block 820, the data subcarrier set in more than second a data subcarriers is arranged to predetermined value.For example, In one embodiment, by least some of the subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers subcarrier be arranged to "+1 " value or some its Its appropriate value.As another example, in one embodiment, by least some of the subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers subcarrier It is arranged to the value or some other appropriate value of " -1 ".It as another example, in one embodiment, will be in t easet ofasubcarriers At least some of subcarrier subcarrier is arranged to null value.In one embodiment, block 820 is repeated and is inserted by the tone in Fig. 3 Enter block 308 to realize.In another embodiment, another proper treatment block of network interface realizes block 820.

At block 824, first frequency part and guard tone, DC tones and/or pilot tone in second frequency part are set Tone.In one embodiment, block 824 is realized at least partly by VHT pilot tones generation block 310.In another embodiment, network Another proper treatment block of interface realizes block 824.

At block 828, PHY data unit is transmitted.Such as in one embodiment, the PHY processing of implementation method 800 is single Member is at least partly so that PHY data unit is transmitted.

Fig. 9 is to be used to generate and transmit with signal field, such as VHT-SIGB or another according to one embodiment The flow chart of another exemplary method 900 of the PHY data unit of appropriate field.Method 900 is handled single by PHY at least partly Member, such as PHY processing units 20 (Fig. 1), PHY processing units 29 (Fig. 1) and/or PHY processing units 300 (Fig. 3) realization, and Fig. 9 will be described with reference to Fig. 3 for ease of explanation.However, in other embodiments, another appropriate PHY processing units and/or Network interface implementation method 900.

At block 904, multiple training fields are generated.For example, in one embodiment, generate multiple VHT-LTF fields. At block 908, training field is mapped to signal stream using mapping matrix.In one embodiment, mapping matrix includes begging for above The matrix P of opinion.In other embodiments, other appropriate mapping matrixes are utilized.In one embodiment, block 908 is by mapping block 312 realize.However, in other embodiments, another appropriate block of PHY processing units and/or network interface realizes block 908.

At block 912, the signal field of the lead code of PHY data unit is generated.In one embodiment, it generates VHT-SIGB fields.In another embodiment, another proper signal field is generated.At block 916, using sharp at block 908 Signal field is mapped to multiple signal streams by the row of mapping matrix.In one embodiment, square discussed above is utilized The row of battle array P.In other embodiments, the row of another appropriate mapping matrix are utilized.In one embodiment, matrix P is utilized First row.In other embodiments, the row in addition to the first row of matrix P are utilized.

At block 920, signal stream is mapped to spatial flow.In one embodiment, will be believed using matrix P discussed above Number stream is mapped to spatial flow.In other embodiments, other appropriate matrixes are utilized.In one embodiment, block 920 is by space Mapping block 316 is realized.However, in other embodiments, another appropriate block of PHY processing units and/or network interface realizes block 920。

At block 924, PHY data unit is transmitted.For example, in one embodiment, the PHY processing of implementation method 900 Unit causes PHY data unit to be transmitted at least partly.Block 924 includes being streamed to few i) multiple training via multiple signals Field and ii) signal field (or cause at least i) multiple training fields and ii) signal field is transmitted).

Figure 10 is to be used to generate and transmit with signal field, such as VHT-SIGB or another according to one embodiment The flow chart of another exemplary method 950 of multi-user's PHY data unit of appropriate field.Method 950 is at least partly by PHY Unit is managed, such as PHY processing units 20 (Fig. 1), PHY processing units 29 (Fig. 1) and/or PHY processing units 300 (Fig. 3) are realized, And Figure 10 will be described with reference to Fig. 3 for ease of explanation.However, in other embodiments, another appropriate PHY processing units And/or network interface implementation method 950.

At block 954, multiple training fields are generated for multiple user's PHY data units.For example, in one embodiment In, generate multiple VHT-LTF fields.At block 958, training field is mapped to signal stream using mapping matrix.At one In embodiment, mapping matrix includes huge matrix P discussed above.In other embodiments, other appropriate mapping squares are utilized Battle array.In one embodiment, block 958 is realized by mapping block 312.However, in other embodiments, PHY processing units and/or net Another appropriate block of network interface realizes block 958.

At block 962, the first signal field of the lead code of multi-user's PHY data unit is generated, wherein the first signal Field corresponds to the first client device.In one embodiment, VHT-SIGB fields are generated.In another embodiment, it is raw Into another proper signal field.At block 966, the part using the row of the mapping matrix utilized at block 958 is believed first Number field is mapped to multiple signal streams, and wherein the part corresponds to the first client device.In one embodiment, be utilized with The part of the row of the huge matrix P of upper discussion, the wherein part correspond to the first client device.In other embodiments, it is sharp With the part of the row of another appropriate mapping matrix.In one embodiment, the part of the first row of huge matrix P is utilized. In other embodiments, the part of the row in addition to the first row of huge matrix P is utilized.

At block 970, the second signal field of the lead code of multi-user's PHY data unit, wherein second signal are generated Field corresponds to the second client device.In one embodiment, VHT-SIGB fields are generated.In another embodiment, it is raw Into another proper signal field.At block 974, the part using the row of the mapping matrix utilized at block 958 is believed second Number field is mapped to multiple signal streams, and wherein the part corresponds to the second client device.In one embodiment, be utilized with The part of the row of the huge matrix P of upper discussion, the wherein part correspond to the second client device.In other embodiments, it is sharp With the part of the row of another appropriate mapping matrix.In one embodiment, the part of the first row of huge matrix P is utilized. In other embodiments, the part of the row in addition to the first row of huge matrix P is utilized.In one embodiment, in block 966 With 974 in same column is utilized.

At block 978, signal stream is mapped to spatial flow.It in one embodiment, will using matrix Q as discussed above Signal stream is mapped to spatial flow.In other embodiments, other appropriate matrixes are utilized.In one embodiment, block 978 is by sky Between mapping block 316 realize.However in other embodiments, another appropriate block of PHY processing units and/or network interface realizes block 978。

At block 982, multi-user's PHY data unit is transmitted.For example, in one embodiment, implementation method 950 PHY processing units cause PHY data unit to be transmitted at least partly.Block 982 is included via multiple spatial stream transmissions at least i) Multiple training fields, ii) the first signal field and iii) second signal field (or cause at least i) multiple training fields, ii) First signal field and iii) second signal field is transmitted)

Figure 11 is the stream for being used to generate the exemplary method 1000 of the OFDM symbol of PHY data unit according to one embodiment Cheng Tu.In some embodiments, method 1000 at least partly by PHY processing units, such as PHY processing units 20 (Fig. 1), PHY processing units 29 (Fig. 1) and/or PHY processing units 300 (Fig. 3) are realized.In other embodiments, other appropriate PHY processing Unit and/or other appropriate network interface implementation methods 1000.

At block 1002, multiple information bits are encoded to generate the multiple codings that will be included in OFDM symbol Information bit.Multiple information bits correspond to the first bandwidth, and OFDM symbol includes the corresponding several data of the second bandwidth Subcarrier, it is wide that the second band is wider than first band.For example, in various embodiments and/or scene, multiple information bits correspond to base This channel width B, such as 1MHz bandwidth, 2MHz bandwidth, 4MHz bandwidth, 20MHz bandwidth, 40MHz bandwidth or another appropriate base Channel width, and OFDM symbol includes and the channel width more than primary bandwidth, such as the corresponding multiple numbers of mB bandwidth channels According to tone, wherein m is greater than one appropriate integer.

At block 1004, by the bit map of multiple codings to multiple constellation symbols.At block 1006, multiple constellations are accorded with Number it is mapped to more than first a data subcarriers corresponding with the first frequency part of OFDM symbol.

At block 1008, the set of one or more data subcarrier in more than first a data subcarriers is arranged to Predetermined value.For example, in one embodiment, at least some of the subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers subcarrier is arranged to "+1 " Value or some other appropriate value.It as another example, in one embodiment, will be in the subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers At least some subcarriers are arranged to the value or some other appropriate value of " -1 ".As another example, in one embodiment, will At least some of subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers subcarrier is arranged to null value.In one embodiment, block 1006 is by Fig. 3 Tone repeat and inserting block 308 realize.In one embodiment, another proper treatment block of network interface realizes block 1006.

At block 1010, by multiple constellation symbol mappeds to corresponding with the second frequency part of OFDM symbol more than second Data subcarrier.For example, signal field is mapped to the second frequency with OFDM symbol by the tone repetition and inserting block 308 in Fig. 3 Corresponding more than the second a data subcarrier in rate part.In another embodiment, another proper treatment block of network interface realizes block 1010。

At block 1012, the set of one or more data subcarrier in more than second a data subcarriers is arranged to Predetermined value.For example, in one embodiment, at least some of the subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers subcarrier is arranged to "+1 " Value or some other appropriate value.It as another example, in one embodiment, will be in the subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers At least some subcarriers are arranged to the value or some other appropriate value of " -1 ".As another example, in one embodiment, will At least some of subcarrier in t easet ofasubcarriers subcarrier is arranged to null value.In one embodiment, block 1012 is by Fig. 3 Tone repeat and inserting block 308 realize.In another embodiment, another proper treatment block of network interface realizes block 1012.

At block 1014, OFDM symbol is generated to include a data subcarrier and more than second a data at least more than first Carrier wave.In one embodiment, OFDM symbol is generated to further comprise that (i) guard tone, (ii) DC tones and (iii) are led One or more of frequency-modulated audio tone tone.For example, in one embodiment, OFDM symbol meets by short range communication protocols, all The form defined such as IEEE 802.11n standards or IEEE 802.11ac standards.In another embodiment, OFDM symbol meets Communication protocol, such as IEEE 802.11ah standards or IEEE 802.11af standards, and meet short range communication protocols The version (for example, being distributed with same tone and/or bit) of the frequency reducing of OFDM symbol.In other embodiments, OFDM symbol Meet one or more other appropriate communication protocol.

In one embodiment, OFDM symbol will be included in the lead code of data cell.For example, in some embodiments And/or in scene, OFDM symbol corresponds to the signal field or training field that will include in lead code.In other embodiments And/or in scene, OFDM symbol will be included in the data portion of data cell.

Hardware, the processor for performing firmware instructions, the processor for performing software instruction or any combination thereof can be utilized To realize at least some of kind described above block, operation and technology block, operation and technology.When using perform software or The processor of firmware instructions, can in any tangible, non-transient computer readable storage medium or such as come when realizing Software is stored in the medium of disk, CD, RAM, ROM, flash memory, hard drive, disc drives, magnetic tape drive etc. or firmware refers to It enables.Software or firmware instructions can include machine readable instructions, when the machine readable instructions are by one or more processor One or more processor is caused to perform various actions during execution.

When realizing within hardware, hardware can include discrete parts, integrated circuit, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), can One or more in programmed logic device etc..

According to first embodiment, a kind of generation will be via the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing of the data cell of traffic channel (OFDM) method of symbol includes multiple information bits are encoded to generate the multiple volumes that will be included in OFDM symbol The bit of code, plurality of information bit corresponds to the first bandwidth, and wherein OFDM symbol is including corresponding with the second bandwidth Several data tones, it is wide that the second band is wider than first band.This method is further included the bit map of multiple codings to multiple constellations Symbol and by multiple constellation symbol mappeds to more than first a data subcarrier corresponding with the first part of OFDM symbol.The party Method further comprises the data subcarrier subset in more than first a data subcarriers being arranged to one or more predetermined value.It should Method further comprises multiple constellation symbol mappeds to corresponding with the second part of OFDM symbol more than second a data Carrier wave and the data subcarrier subset in more than second a data subcarriers is arranged to one or more predetermined value.The party Method additionally includes generation OFDM symbol to include a data subcarrier and more than second a data subcarriers at least more than first.

In other embodiments, this method includes any combinations of one or more feature in following characteristics.

Data subcarrier subset in more than first a data subcarriers is arranged to one or more predetermined value to include inciting somebody to action At least one of data subcarrier subset more than first in a data subcarrier data subcarrier is arranged to null value.

Data subcarrier subset in more than second a data subcarriers is arranged to one or more predetermined value to include inciting somebody to action At least one of data subcarrier subset more than second in a data subcarrier data subcarrier is arranged to null value.

Data subcarrier subset in more than first a data subcarriers is arranged to one or more predetermined value to include inciting somebody to action At least one of data subcarrier subset more than first in a data subcarrier data subcarrier is arranged to nonzero value.

Data subcarrier subset in more than second a data subcarriers is arranged to one or more predetermined value to include inciting somebody to action At least one of data subcarrier subset more than second in a data subcarrier data subcarrier is arranged to nonzero value.

This method further comprises multiple constellation symbol mappeds are more to third corresponding with the Part III of OFDM symbol Data subcarrier subset in the multiple data subcarriers of third is arranged to one or more predetermined value by a data subcarrier.

Generation OFDM symbol further comprises including the multiple data subcarriers of third in OFDM symbol.

This method further comprises generating the lead code of physical layer (PHY) data cell, and the wherein lead code includes OFDM Symbol.

This method further comprises generating the data portion of physical layer (PHY) data cell, and the wherein data portion includes OFDM symbol.

This method further comprises that one or more added bit is inserted into multiple information bits and (ii) by (i) Before being encoded to information bit, multiple information bits and added bit are repeated to generate the bit of multiple repetitions, wherein Coding is carried out to information bit to include encoding the bit of multiple repetitions.

First bandwidth corresponds to bandwidth B and the second bandwidth corresponds to bandwidth mB, and wherein m is integer.

In another embodiment, a kind of device includes：Network interface, the network interface are configured as to multiple information bits It is encoded to generate the bit of multiple codings that will be included in OFDM symbol, plurality of information bit corresponds to first Bandwidth, and wherein OFDM symbol includes several data tones corresponding with the second bandwidth, and it is wide that the second band is wider than first band.Net Network interface be additionally configured to the bit map of multiple codings to multiple constellation symbols and by multiple constellation symbol mappeds to Corresponding more than the first a data subcarrier of first part of OFDM symbol.Network interface is additionally configured to more than first a data Data subcarrier subset in carrier wave is arranged to one or more predetermined value.Network interface is further additionally configured to will be multiple Constellation symbol mapped is to more than second a data subcarrier corresponding with the second part of OFDM symbol and by more than second a data Data subcarrier subset in subcarrier is arranged to one or more predetermined value.Network interface is additionally configured as generating OFDM symbol is to include at least data subcarrier corresponding with first part and data subcarrier corresponding with second part.

In other embodiments, which includes any combinations of one or more feature in following characteristics.

Network interface be configured to OFDM symbol include (i) guard tone, (ii) direct current (DC) tone and (iii) one or more of pilot tones tone.

Network interface is configured to multiple constellation symbol mappeds to corresponding with the Part III of OFDM symbol It is pre- to be arranged to one or more by the multiple data subcarriers of third for data subcarrier subset in the multiple data subcarriers of third Definite value；And OFDM symbol is generated to further comprise the multiple data subcarriers of third.

Network interface is configured to the lead code of generation physical layer (PHY) data cell, wherein the lead code packet Include OFDM symbol.

Network interface is configured to the data portion of generation physical layer (PHY) data cell, the wherein data portion Divide and include OFDM symbol.

Network interface is configured to one or more added bit being inserted into multiple information bits；And Before being encoded to information bit, multiple information bits and added bit are repeated to generate the bit of multiple repetitions, wherein right Information bit carries out coding and includes encoding the bit of multiple repetitions.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific examples, specific example is intended to be merely illustrative and unrestricted Invention, but disclosed embodiment can be changed, added and/or deleted and is made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of generate according to communication protocol for via the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing of the data cell of traffic channel (OFDM) The method of symbol, the method includes：

Multiple information bits are encoded to generate the bit of multiple codings that will be included in the OFDM symbol, wherein

The multiple information bit corresponds to the first bandwidth, and the first band is wider than for the communication protocol and defines most Small bandwidth,

The multiple information bit corresponds to high throughput signal B (VHT-SIGB) field,

It is distributed corresponding to the bit of first bandwidth, described VHT-SIGB fields with corresponding to the minimum bandwidth, institute The bit distribution for stating VHT-SIGB fields is different, and the OFDM symbol includes several data corresponding with the second bandwidth and carries Wave, second band are wider than first bandwidth；

By the bit map of the multiple coding to multiple constellation symbols；

By the multiple constellation symbol mapped to more than first a data subcarrier corresponding with the first part of the OFDM symbol；

By the multiple constellation symbol mapped to more than second a data subcarrier corresponding with the second part of the OFDM symbol； And

The OFDM symbol is generated to include at least described more than first a data subcarrier and more than second a data subcarrier.

2. further comprise in the OFDM symbol according to the method described in claim 1, wherein generating the OFDM symbol Including one or more of (i) guard tone, (ii) direct current (DC) tone and (iii) pilot tones tone.

3. method according to claim 1 or 2, including the data subcarrier in more than described first a data subcarriers is sub At least one of collection data subcarrier is arranged to null value；And

Including at least one of the data subcarrier subset in more than described second a data subcarriers data subcarrier is set Into the null value.

4. method according to claim 1 or 2, including the data subcarrier in more than described first a data subcarriers is sub At least one of collection data subcarrier is arranged to nonzero value；And

Including at least one of the data subcarrier subset in more than described second a data subcarriers data subcarrier is set Into the nonzero value.

5. according to the method described in claim 1, further comprise：

By the multiple constellation symbol mapped to the multiple data subcarriers of third corresponding with the Part III of the OFDM symbol； And

Data subcarrier subset in the multiple data subcarriers of the third is arranged to one or more predetermined value；And

The OFDM symbol is wherein generated to further comprise including the multiple data subcarriers of the third in the OFDM symbol.

6. according to the method described in claim 1, further comprise generate physical layer (PHY) data cell lead code, wherein The lead code includes the OFDM symbol.

7. according to the method described in claim 1, further comprise generate physical layer (PHY) data cell data portion, Described in data portion include the OFDM symbol.

8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is described more to further comprise that one or more added bit is inserted by (i) In a information bit and (ii) is before described information bit is encoded, and repeats the multiple information bit and described attached Add bit to generate the bit of multiple repetitions, wherein coding is carried out to described information bit includes the bit to the multiple repetition It is encoded.

9. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein described first band is wide to correspond to bandwidth B and second bandwidth correspondence In bandwidth mB, wherein m is integer.

10. a kind of be used to be generated for via the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing of the data cell of traffic channel according to communication protocol (OFDM) device of symbol, described device include：

Network interface, the network interface are configured as：

Multiple information bits are encoded to generate the bit of multiple codings that will be included in OFDM symbol, wherein

It is distributed corresponding to the bit of first bandwidth, described VHT-SIGB fields with corresponding to the minimum bandwidth, institute The bit distribution for stating VHT-SIGB fields is different, and

The OFDM symbol includes several data subcarriers corresponding with the second bandwidth, and second band is wider than the first band It is wide；

By the bit map of the multiple coding to multiple constellation symbols；

The OFDM symbol is generated to include at least the data subcarrier corresponding with the first part and with described second The corresponding data subcarrier in part.

11. device according to claim 10, wherein the network interface is configured in the OFDM symbol Include one or more of (i) guard tone, (ii) direct current (DC) tone and (iii) pilot tones tone.

12. the device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the network interface is configured to：

At least one of data subcarrier subset in more than described first a data subcarriers data subcarrier is arranged to sky Value；And

At least one of data subcarrier subset in more than described second a data subcarriers data subcarrier is arranged to institute State null value.

13. the device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the network interface is configured to：

At least one of data subcarrier subset in more than described first a data subcarriers data subcarrier is arranged to non- Zero；And

At least one of data subcarrier subset in more than described second a data subcarriers data subcarrier is arranged to institute State nonzero value.

14. device according to claim 10, wherein the network interface is configured to：

By the multiple constellation symbol mapped to the multiple data subcarriers of third corresponding with the Part III of the OFDM symbol；

The OFDM symbol is generated to further comprise the multiple data subcarriers of the third.

15. device according to claim 10, wherein the network interface is configured to generation physical layer (PHY) The lead code of data cell, wherein the lead code includes the OFDM symbol.

16. device according to claim 10, wherein the network interface is configured to generation physical layer (PHY) The data portion of data cell, wherein the data portion includes the OFDM symbol.

17. device according to claim 10, wherein the network interface is configured to：

One or more added bit is inserted into the multiple information bit；And

Before being encoded to described information bit, repeat the multiple information bit and the added bit is multiple to generate The bit repeated includes encoding the bit of the multiple repetition wherein carrying out described information bit coding.

18. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein the first band is wide to correspond to bandwidth B and second bandwidth pair Should be integer in bandwidth mB, wherein m.