CN104764223A - Variable-pipe-diameter arc-shaped tube plate type solar heat collector system - Google Patents
Variable-pipe-diameter arc-shaped tube plate type solar heat collector system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104764223A CN104764223A CN201510157829.7A CN201510157829A CN104764223A CN 104764223 A CN104764223 A CN 104764223A CN 201510157829 A CN201510157829 A CN 201510157829A CN 104764223 A CN104764223 A CN 104764223A
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 54
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a variable-pipe-diameter arc-shaped tube plate type solar heat collector system. The system comprises heat collecting tubes, a reflecting mirror and heat collecting plates, wherein two adjacent heat collecting tubes are connected through each heat collecting plate, so that a tube plate structure is formed between a plurality of heat collecting tubes and the adjacent heat collecting plates, wherein the tube plate structure is a parabola structure or an arc-shaped structure; the bending direction of the parabola or arc is opposite to that of the parabola structure of the reflecting mirror; the focus of the tube plate structure and the focus of the reflecting mirror are on the same point; as extending from the middle parts of the heat collecting tubes to two sides, the diameter of the heat collecting tubes is gradually reduced. With the adoption of the system, that the materials of the heat collecting tubes in the middle are easily damaged under high temperature for a long term; the whole heat collecting tubes can be kept in uniform temperature; the service life can be prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solar energy, particularly relate to a kind of solar energy collector system.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of modern social economy, the demand of the mankind to the energy is increasing.But the traditional energy storage levels such as coal, oil, natural gas constantly reduce, day by day in short supply, cause rising steadily of price, simultaneously the problem of environmental pollution that causes of conventional fossil fuel is also further serious, and these limit the development of society and the raising of human life quality all greatly.One of energy problem's most distinct issues having become contemporary world.Thus seek the new energy, particularly free of contamination clean energy resource has become the focus of present people research.
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource, and stock number is huge, and the solar radiant energy total amount that earth surface is received every year is 1 × 10
18kWh, for world's year consumes more than 10,000 times of gross energy.Countries in the world are all using as new energy development important one of the utilization of solar energy, and the Chinese government also clearly proposes to want develop actively new forms of energy at Report on the Work of the Government already, and wherein the utilization of solar energy is especially in occupation of prominent position.But arrive tellurian energy density little (about a kilowatt every square metre) due to solar radiation, and be again discontinuous, this brings certain difficulty to large-scale exploitation.Therefore, in order to extensively utilize solar energy, not only want the problem on technical solution, and must be able to compete mutually with conventional energy resource economically.
The solar energy that solar thermal collector absorbs may produce surplus now in some cases, and now this part solar energy may lose, and therefore needs a kind of heat to surplus to make full use of.
The no matter solar thermal collector of which kind of form and structure, all will have an absorption piece being used for absorbing solar radiation, important effect is played in the absorption of structure to solar energy of heat collector.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of new solar energy collector system, thus effectively utilizes solar energy.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of solar energy collector system, comprise thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, connected by collecting plate between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes, thus make to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point.
The lower wall surface that thermal-collecting tube is relative with speculum is arranged the projection being used for augmentation of heat transfer, to strengthen the absorption to solar energy, extend to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.
The lower wall surface that thermal-collecting tube is relative with speculum is arranged the projection being used for augmentation of heat transfer, to strengthen the absorption to solar energy, extend to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.
Surfaces of collector tubes coating heat-sink shell, described heat-sink shell outwards comprises infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings successively in thermal-collecting tube, wherein infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings thickness be 0.17um, 0.65um, 0.15um respectively; Described infrared reflection coating is from inside to outside that Cu, Ag are two-layer, and two-layer thickness proportion is 11:5; Heat absorbing coating from inside to outside comprises NbN, TiAl, Cr successively
2o
3three layers, the thickness proportion of three layers is 10:3:4; Antireflection coatings is from inside to outside Nb successively
2o
5, Al
2o
3, SiO
2and Si
3n
4four layers, wherein the thickness proportion of four layers is 5:4:4:2.
Extend to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the caliber of thermal-collecting tube can be more and more less.
Extend to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the width connecting the collecting plate between two thermal-collecting tubes is increasing.
Solar energy collector system, also comprise the radiator be connected by pipeline with heat collector, radiator comprises upper header and lower collector pipe and is positioned at the finned tube of lower collector pipe, described finned tube is cylindricality finned tube, described finned tube comprises the cuboid being positioned at center and the fins set being positioned at cuboid periphery, the cross section of described cuboid is square, from cross section, described fins set comprises from four outward extending main fins in foursquare diagonal angle with from the outward extending first secondary fin of main fin, described fins set also comprises the outward extending second secondary fin from foursquare four limits, the first secondary fin extended to same direction of described same main fin is parallel to each other, and it is parallel to each other with the second secondary fin extended to same direction, the end that described main fin and secondary fin extend forms equilateral octagon.
Angle between described first secondary fin and main fin is 45 °, and the distance of described adjacent secondary fin is L1, and the described foursquare length of side is L0, and the height of described main fin is L2, and the relation of above-mentioned three meets following formula:
L1/L0=a*ln (L2/L0)+b, wherein ln is logarithmic function, 0.22<a<0.24,0.20<b<0.23,
40mm<=L0<=60mm,10mm<=L1<=25mm,55mm<=L2<=80mm;
0.2<L1/L0<0.42,1.2<L2/L0<2.0;0.03<L1/H<=0.15，
The height of finned tube is H, 100mm<H<300mm.
Described solar energy collector system, comprise the temperature difference electricity generation device carrying out pipeline with heat collector and be connected, temperature difference electricity generation device comprises casing, heat pipe, thermo-electric generation sheet, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator, controller and battery, in casing, heat pipe is set, one end of thermo-electric generation sheet is connected with heat pipe, the other end is connected with radiator, and thermo-electric generation sheet is also connected with battery by controller.
Described solar energy collector system comprises temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator, first valve, second valve, 3rd valve, temperature sensor, described heat collector is communicated with temperature difference electricity generation device and forms closed circuit, heat collector is communicated with radiator and forms closed circuit, the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator place is in parallel, heat collector absorbs solar energy, water in heating heat collector, water after heating enters temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator respectively by outlet pipeline, generate electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device, heat exchange is carried out in radiator, in temperature difference electricity generation device and in radiator, the water that flows out carries out heat exchange entering in heat collector through water return pipeline.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1) can solar energy be made full use of, avoid the loss of solar heat, unnecessary solar energy is stored with the form of electric energy, so that follow-up use.
2) provide a kind of new temperature difference electricity generation device, meet the demand of solar energy;
3) the present invention is by test of many times, obtains an optimum radiator optimum results, and is verified by test, thus demonstrate the accuracy of result.
4) by central controller, realize the automatic control to valve, thus realize effective utilization of solar energy.
5) by the shape of the parabolical flat tube of the thermal-collecting tube of heat collector, optimum absorption solar energy is reached.
6) the present invention carries out meticulous selection and experiment to the material of heat-sink shell and thickness, has reached the technique effect of best heat absorption.
7) structure of heat collector is reasonably designed, avoid heat collector local temperature overheated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of solar energy collector system
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of temperature difference electricity generation device
Fig. 3 is fin tube structure schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is heat spreader structures schematic diagram
Fig. 5 is collector structure schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is the partial schematic diagram of the fin tube structure of Fig. 3
Fig. 7 is the side view of the finned tube of Fig. 3
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that adjacent fins pipe connects
Reference numeral is as follows:
1 heat collector, 2 temperature difference electricity generation devices, 3 radiators, 4 valves, 5 valves, 6 temperature sensors, 7 temperature difference electricity generation device inlet tubes, 8 heat collector outlet pipelines, 9 cuboid base tubes, 10 base tubes, 11 main fins, 12 second secondary fins, 13 first secondary fins, 14 casings, 15 controllers, 16 radiator inlet tubes, 17 heat collector water return pipelines, 18 valves, 19 temperature sensors, 20 thermal-collecting tubes, 21 speculums, 21 thermal-collecting tube lower wall surfaces, 22 collecting plates, 23 heat pipes, 24 thermo-electric generation sheets, 25 thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiators, 26 batteries, 27 users.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of solar energy collector system, as shown in Figure 1, described system comprises heat collector 1, temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3, valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature sensor 6, described heat collector 1 is communicated with temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and forms closed circuit, heat collector 1 is communicated with radiator 3 and forms closed circuit, the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 place is in parallel, heat collector 1 absorbs solar energy, water in heating heat collector 1, water after heating enters temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 respectively by outlet pipeline 8, generate electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device 2, heat exchange is carried out in radiator 3, the water flowed out in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and in radiator 3 carries out heat exchange entering in heat collector 1 through water return pipeline 17.
In said system, while carrying out generating electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 by solar energy, radiator can be utilized outwards to dispel the heat.Certainly, radiator and temperature difference electricity generation device can independent operatings, or isolated operation one of them.
As shown in Figure 1, valve 4 is arranged on outlet pipe, for controlling the total water yield entering temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3, valve 5 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 16 of the pipeline at radiator 3 place, for controlling the flow of the water entering radiator 3, valve 18 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 7 of the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device 2 place, for controlling the flow of the water entering temperature difference electricity generation device 2, temperature sensor 6 is arranged on the position of the entrance of radiator 3, for measuring the temperature of the water entering radiator 3.Described system also comprises central controller, and described central controller and valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature sensor 6 carry out data cube computation.
Preferably, when the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured lower than certain temperature time, central controller controls valve 5 strengthens aperture, and simultaneously by-pass valve control 18 reduces aperture, to strengthen the flow of the hot water entering radiator 3 to strengthen heat dissipation capacity.When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured higher than certain temperature time, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, and simultaneously by-pass valve control 18 strengthens aperture, to reduce the flow of the hot water entering radiator 3 to strengthen heat dissipation capacity.
When temperature sensor 6 measure temperature low to a certain extent time, the ability of the now external heat exchange of radiator can be deteriorated, normal heating demands cannot be met, this shows that the thermal-arrest ability of solar thermal collector also goes wrong, such as sunshine is not now very strong, or when there is no the sun evening, now valve 4 can be closed automatically, valve 5 and valve 18 can be opened completely, the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator place forms a circulation line, water enters temperature difference electricity generation device, the electric energy that temperature difference electricity generation device stores heats entering water in temperature difference electricity generation device, the water of heating enters in radiator 3 and dispels the heat.
By above-mentioned operation, can when sunray be strong, meeting the heat-sinking capability of radiator 3, namely after meeting user's radiating requirements, by more than heat generated electricity by temperature difference electricity generation device 2, when solar thermal collector 1 heat capacity deficiency, the electric energy heat cycles water utilizing temperature difference electricity generation device to store, to meet the radiating requirements of radiator 3.Can solar energy be made full use of like this, avoid the waste of too much heat.
As preferably, the temperature of the water entered in radiator 3 can not be utilized automatically to control the flow of water, the environment temperature measuring radiator periphery can be adopted, such as, the indoor temperature (by arranging indoor temperature transmitter) measuring radiator controls the flow of the water entering radiator automatically, if indoor temperature is too low, then increases the flow entering the water of radiator 3, if indoor temperature is too high, then reduce the flow entering the water of radiator 3.
Certainly, the prerequisite being controlled flow by indoor temperature is that the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured needs higher than uniform temperature, otherwise time the thermal-arrest of solar thermal collector is less able, in any case increase flow, radiating effect all can not be fine.
When the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator place forms a circulation line, when temperature sensor 6 measure temperature lower than certain temperature time, controller 15 controls battery 26, improves the output power of battery 26, to improve the temperature of the water flowed through in temperature difference electricity generation device.When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured higher than certain temperature time, controller 15 controls battery 26, reduces the output power of battery 26, to improve the temperature of the water flowed through in temperature difference electricity generation device.
By such control, can the electricity of Appropriate application battery, avoid the loss of electricity.
The structure of described temperature difference electricity generation device 2 as shown in Figure 2, described temperature difference electricity generation device 2 comprises casing 14, heat pipe 23, thermo-electric generation sheet 24, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator 25, controller 15 and battery 26, heat pipe 23 is set in casing, one end of thermo-electric generation sheet 24 is connected with heat pipe, the other end is connected with radiator 25, and thermo-electric generation sheet 24 is also connected with battery 26 by controller 15.
As preferably, thermo-electric generation sheet 24 is also connected with user by controller 15, provides the electric energy required for user.
As preferably, controller 15 controls that temperature difference electricity generation device is limited meets user power utilization demand, first controller determines the electricity needed for user, and after then the electricity that thermo-electric generation sheet sends being deducted the electricity of user again, remaining electricity is stored in battery 26 for subsequent use.
Although Fig. 2 show only a thermo-electric generation sheet, in reality, be not limited to one, can arrange multiple with the demand of satisfied generating.
Preferably, described radiator be finned tubular radiator, concrete structure is see Fig. 4.Finned tube comprises upper header 10 and lower collector pipe 10 and is positioned at the finned tube of lower collector pipe.Described finned tube is cylindricality finned tube, described finned tube comprises the cuboid 9 being positioned at center and the fins set being positioned at cuboid periphery, the cross section of described cuboid 9 is squares, from cross section, described fins set comprises from four outward extending main fins 11 in foursquare diagonal angle with from the outward extending first secondary fin 13 of main fin 11, described fins set also comprises the outward extending second secondary fin 12 from foursquare four limits, extend to same direction first secondary fin 13 of described same main fin 11 is parallel to each other, and it is parallel to each other with the extend to same direction second secondary fin 12, described main fin 11 and secondary fin 12, 13 ends extended form equilateral octagon.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the plane specular that finned tube is formed along square diagonal, the plane simultaneously formed along the line at the mid point place of foursquare two opposite side is also specular.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the center line of main fin 11 is vertical with an equilateral octagonal limit and be positioned at the mid point on equilateral octagonal limit with equilateral octagonal tie point.
As shown in Figure 3, preferably, the second secondary fin 2 ", the 2 ' position being arranged on foursquare diagonal angle.
As shown in Figure 3,1 ', 2 ', 1 ", 2 " the secondary fin of indication is the second secondary fin, 3 ', 4 ', 5 ', 3 ", 4 ", 5 " the secondary fin of indication is the first secondary fin.
The length of the first secondary fin is along with shorter and shorter apart from the distance at main fin diagonal angle.
When the length on foursquare limit is certain, main fin and secondary fin longer, then heat transfer effect is better in theory, find in process of the test, when main fin and secondary fin reach certain length time, then heat transfer effect just increases very not obvious, main because along with main fin and the increase of secondary finned length, also more and more lower in the temperature of flight tip, along with temperature is reduced to a certain degree, heat transfer effect then can be caused not obvious, also add the cost of material on the contrary, simultaneously, in heat transfer process, if finned tube height is too high or spacing between secondary fin is too little, also the deterioration of heat transfer effect is easily caused, because along with the increase of height, boundary layer is thickening, boundary layer between adjacent fins is caused to overlap mutually, worsen heat transfer, spacing between the too low or secondary fin of finned tube height causes too greatly heat exchange area to reduce, have impact on the transmission of heat, therefore in the distance of adjacent secondary fin, the foursquare length of side, an optimized size relationship is met between the length of main fin and the height of finned tube.
Therefore, the present invention is the dimensionally-optimised relation of the finned tube of the best summed up by thousands of test datas of the finned tube of multiple different size.
Angle between described first secondary fin and main fin is 45 °, and the distance of described adjacent secondary fin is L1, and the described foursquare length of side is L0, and the height of described main fin is L2, and the relation of above-mentioned three meets following formula:
L1/L0=a*ln (L2/L0)+b, wherein ln is logarithmic function, 0.22<a<0.24,0.20<b<0.23,
40mm<=L0<=60mm,10mm<=L1<=25mm,55mm<=L2<=80mm;
0.2<L1/L0<0.42,1.2<L2/L0<2.0;0.03<L1/H<=0.15。
Preferably, the height of finned tube is H, 100mm<H<300mm.Preferred 150-220mm.
As shown in Figure 7, the height H of finned tube only calculates the height of the part with fin.
Preferred a=0.24, b=0.22,10mm<=L1<=14mm.
It should be noted that, the distance L1 of adjacent pair fin is the distance counted from the center of secondary fin.
By testing after result of calculation, by the numerical value of computation bound and median, the result of gained matches with formula substantially, and error is substantially within 3%, and maximum relative error is no more than 5%, and mean error is 1.8% again.
Preferably, the distance of described adjacent secondary fin is identical.Angle wherein between the first secondary fin 13 and main fin 12 is 45 ° and means the limit of secondary fin 13 perpendicular to main fin diagonal angle, simultaneously because secondary fin is parallel to each other, makes the foursquare limit that the second secondary fin extends perpendicular to it.Mainly fully dispel the heat for reducing flow dead, the fin design around prismatic finned tube becomes the form vertical respectively with four limits of middle cuboid.
As preferably, the width of main fin is greater than the width of secondary fin.
Preferably, the width of main fin is b4, and the width of secondary fin is b2, wherein 2.5*b2<b4<3.5*b2;
As preferably, the width of main fin and the length relation on foursquare limit are 0.06*L0<b4<0.10*L0.
As preferably, the pipe thickness of cuboid 9 pipe is 1-3mm, preferred 2mm.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 8, adjacent fins pipe is closely close together, and is also connected to each other between its corresponding fin, thus forms the passage of air.
Preferably, the structure of heat collector as shown in Figure 5, comprises thermal-collecting tube 20, speculum 21 and collecting plate 22, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes 20 by collecting plate 22, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum 21, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum 21 are on a point.By arranging this kind of structure, the endotherm area of thermal-collecting tube can be expanded, the wide part that speculum is reflected all reflexes on thermal-collecting tube or coupled collecting plate, and the reverberation of thermal-collecting tube reflexes to thermal-collecting tube and collecting plate again by speculum simultaneously, makes thermal-collecting tube absorb more heat.
Preferably, in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, (i.e. A point) extends to both sides (i.e. B, C two point), and the caliber of thermal-collecting tube can be more and more less.Main cause is that middle part is heated at most, and extends from middle part to both sides, absorbs heat and reduces gradually.By the continuous reduction of caliber, being heated evenly of water in whole thermal-collecting tube can be made, avoid that medium temperature is too high and both sides temperature is too low.The material of middle thermal-collecting tube so also can be avoided at high temperature easily to damage, the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube can be kept, increase the service life.
Preferably, in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, (i.e. A point) extends to both sides (i.e. B, C two point), and the distance between thermal-collecting tube is more and more far away, and the width namely connecting the collecting plate between two thermal-collecting tubes is increasing.Main cause is that middle part is heated at most, and extends from middle part to both sides, absorbs heat and reduces gradually.By the continuous increase of collecting plate width, being heated evenly of water in whole thermal-collecting tube can be made, avoid that medium temperature is too high and both sides temperature is too low.The material of middle thermal-collecting tube so also can be avoided at high temperature easily to damage, the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube can be kept, increase the service life.
The lower wall surface (face relative with speculum 21) of thermal-collecting tube is upper arranges the projection being used for augmentation of heat transfer, to strengthen the absorption to solar energy.Extend to both sides (i.e. the direction, the left and right sides of Fig. 5 thermal-collecting tube 20) in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.Main cause is that middle part is heated at most, and extends from middle part to both sides, absorbs heat and reduces gradually.By the continuous reduction of height of projection, being heated evenly of water in whole thermal-collecting tube can be made, avoid that medium temperature is too high and both sides temperature is too low.The material of middle thermal-collecting tube so also can be avoided at high temperature easily to damage, the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube can be kept, increase the service life.
As preferably, extend to both sides (i.e. the direction, the left and right sides of Fig. 5 thermal-collecting tube 20) in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.Main cause is that middle part is heated at most, and extends from middle part to both sides, absorbs heat and reduces gradually.By the continuous reduction of density of protrusions, being heated evenly of water in whole thermal-collecting tube can be made, avoid that medium temperature is too high and both sides temperature is too low.The material of middle thermal-collecting tube so also can be avoided at high temperature easily to damage, the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube can be kept, increase the service life.
Thermal-collecting tube 20 surface application heat-sink shell, described heat-sink shell outwards comprises infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings successively in thermal-collecting tube, wherein infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings thickness be 0.17um, 0.65um, 0.15um respectively; Described infrared reflection coating is from inside to outside that Cu, Ag are two-layer, and two-layer thickness proportion is 11:5; Heat absorbing coating from inside to outside comprises NbN, TiAl, Cr successively
2o
3three layers, the thickness proportion of three layers is 10:3:4; Antireflection coatings is from inside to outside Nb successively
2o
5, Al
2o
3, SiO
2and Si
3n
4four layers, wherein the thickness proportion of four layers is 5:4:4:2.
In above-mentioned each layer, by strengthening the thickness proportion of heat absorbing coating, reduce the thickness of infrared reflecting layer and antireflection layer, the absorption to solar energy can be significantly increased, simultaneously, by adjusting the thickness proportion of the material of each layer of infrared reflecting layer and antireflection layer, also can realize reducing the degree to the reflection of sunshine.
Above-mentioned dimension scale is tested the result of the best got.By experiment, for the composition and the thickness that adopt each independent stratum in above-mentioned absorber coatings, the absorptance of the absorber coatings of preparation can be made to be greater than 0.95, and to realize the emissivity of 0.04.
For the manufacture method of above-mentioned coating, the vacuum magnetron sputtering coating film technique preparation that this area can be used often to adopt.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, the present invention is not defined in this.Any those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, and therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a solar energy collector system, comprises thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point; It is characterized in that extending to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the caliber of thermal-collecting tube can be more and more less.
2. a solar energy collector system, comprises thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point; It is characterized in that extending to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the width connecting the collecting plate between two thermal-collecting tubes is increasing.
3. a solar energy collector system, comprises thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point; It is characterized in that surfaces of collector tubes coating heat-sink shell, described heat-sink shell outwards comprises infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings successively in thermal-collecting tube, wherein infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating and antireflection coatings thickness be 0.17um, 0.65um, 0.15um respectively; Described infrared reflection coating is from inside to outside that Cu, Ag are two-layer, and two-layer thickness proportion is 11:5; Heat absorbing coating from inside to outside comprises NbN, TiAl, Cr successively
2o
3three layers, the thickness proportion of three layers is 10:3:4; Antireflection coatings is from inside to outside Nb successively
2o
5, Al
2o
3, SiO
2and Si
3n
4four layers, wherein the thickness proportion of four layers is 5:4:4:2.
4. a solar energy collector system, comprises thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point; It is characterized in that, the lower wall surface that thermal-collecting tube is relative with speculum is arranged the projection being used for augmentation of heat transfer, to strengthen the absorption to solar energy, extend to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.
5. a solar energy collector system, comprises thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point; It is characterized in that, the lower wall surface that thermal-collecting tube is relative with speculum is arranged the projection being used for augmentation of heat transfer, to strengthen the absorption to solar energy, extend to both sides in the middle part of thermal-collecting tube, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more lower.
6. a solar energy collector system, comprises thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate; Described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point; It is characterized in that comprising the temperature difference electricity generation device carrying out pipeline with heat collector and be connected, temperature difference electricity generation device comprises casing, heat pipe, thermo-electric generation sheet, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator, controller and battery, in casing, heat pipe is set, one end of thermo-electric generation sheet is connected with heat pipe, the other end is connected with radiator, and thermo-electric generation sheet is also connected with battery by controller.
7. a solar energy collector system, comprises thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, thus makes to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate, described tube plate structure is shape structure or arc-shaped structure parabolically, and the bending direction of described parabola or circular arc is contrary with the parabolic structure of speculum, and the focus of tube plate structure and the focus of speculum are on a point, it is characterized in that described system comprises temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator, first valve, second valve, 3rd valve, temperature sensor, described heat collector is communicated with temperature difference electricity generation device and forms closed circuit, heat collector is communicated with radiator and forms closed circuit, the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator place is in parallel, heat collector absorbs solar energy, water in heating heat collector, water after heating enters temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator respectively by outlet pipeline, generate electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device, heat exchange is carried out in radiator, in temperature difference electricity generation device and in radiator, the water that flows out carries out heat exchange entering in heat collector through water return pipeline.
8. according to the solar energy collector system one of claim 1-7 Suo Shu, also comprise the radiator be connected by pipeline with heat collector, radiator comprises upper header and lower collector pipe and is positioned at the finned tube of lower collector pipe, described finned tube is cylindricality finned tube, described finned tube comprises the cuboid being positioned at center and the fins set being positioned at cuboid periphery, the cross section of described cuboid is square, from cross section, described fins set comprises from four outward extending main fins in foursquare diagonal angle with from the outward extending first secondary fin of main fin, described fins set also comprises the outward extending second secondary fin from foursquare four limits, the first secondary fin extended to same direction of described same main fin is parallel to each other, and it is parallel to each other with the second secondary fin extended to same direction, the end that described main fin and secondary fin extend forms equilateral octagon,
Angle between described first secondary fin and main fin is 45 °, and the distance of described adjacent secondary fin is L1, and the described foursquare length of side is L0, and the height of described main fin is L2, and the relation of above-mentioned three meets following formula:
L1/L0=a*ln (L2/L0)+b, wherein ln is logarithmic function, 0.22<a<0.24,0.20<b<0.23,
40mm<=L0<=60mm,10mm<=L1<=25mm,55mm<=L2<=80mm;
0.2<L1/L0<0.42,1.2<L2/L0<2.0;0.03<L1/H<=0.15。
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| CN201510157829.7A Active CN104764223B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | The arc tube plate-type solar thermal collector system that a kind of caliber changes |
| CN201410339674.4A Active CN104075463B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of arc tube plate-type solar thermal collector system |
| CN201510414397.3A Active CN105042898B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of tube-sheet type solar energy collector system of caliber change |
| CN201510414395.4A Active CN105066472B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of solar energy collector system automatically controlling fluid flow direction |
| CN201510414335.2A Active CN104990289B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | Solar heat collector system with variable tube plate width |
| CN201510414334.8A Active CN104990288B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | Tube-plate type solar heat collector system with variable protrusion height |
| CN201610246094.XA Active CN105910299B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of solar energy collector system of thermal-collecting tube lower wall surface height of projection change |
| CN201610246096.9A Expired - Fee Related CN105910301B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of solar energy collector system of collecting plate change width |
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| CN201510414397.3A Active CN105042898B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of tube-sheet type solar energy collector system of caliber change |
| CN201510414395.4A Active CN105066472B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of solar energy collector system automatically controlling fluid flow direction |
| CN201510414335.2A Active CN104990289B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | Solar heat collector system with variable tube plate width |
| CN201510414334.8A Active CN104990288B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | Tube-plate type solar heat collector system with variable protrusion height |
| CN201610246094.XA Active CN105910299B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of solar energy collector system of thermal-collecting tube lower wall surface height of projection change |
| CN201610246096.9A Expired - Fee Related CN105910301B (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2014-07-17 | A kind of solar energy collector system of collecting plate change width |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104990288B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105910301A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
| CN105042898A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN104764223B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN104075463B (en) | 2015-09-23 |
| CN105042898B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105910299A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
| CN104990289A (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| CN104990288A (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| CN105910299B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
| CN105066472B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN104990289B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105066472A (en) | 2015-11-18 |
| CN105910301B (en) | 2017-11-17 |
| CN104075463A (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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