CN104725294B - 一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法 - Google Patents
一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法 Download PDFInfo
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- IHLAQQPQKRMGSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiracetam Chemical compound NC(=O)CN1CC(O)CC1=O IHLAQQPQKRMGSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229960001227 oxiracetam Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005909 ethyl alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- -1 haloacetyl acetic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVPLPSZGHFSYEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-hydroxybutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(N)(O)C(O)=O QVPLPSZGHFSYEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKNMKGVLOWGGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoacetamide;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.NCC(N)=O WKNMKGVLOWGGOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHCQYYVUIHRITP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1C=CC=C1.O[O] Chemical compound N1C=CC=C1.O[O] NHCQYYVUIHRITP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039966 Senile dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002298 aminohydroxybutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl butyrate Chemical class CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- YQGDEPYYFWUPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid Chemical compound [NH3+]CC(O)CC([O-])=O YQGDEPYYFWUPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycinamide Chemical compound NCC(N)=O BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/36—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/38—2-Pyrrolones
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Abstract
本发明涉及奥拉西坦关键中间体2‑(2,4‑二氧代吡咯烷‑1‑基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,它以4‑卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为原料,在碱的作用,在有机溶剂中缩合得到2‑(2,4‑二氧代吡咯烷‑1‑基)乙酸乙酯。本发明以4‑卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为原料,碱存在下在有机溶剂中一步反应得到目标产物,其所用的原材料4‑卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐均为普通市售材料,其来源方便且廉价易得、反应步骤短、操作简便、收率高、产品纯度高,产品结构经认证,后处理方便,三废少,因此具有非常好的工业应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制备奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的新制备方法。
背景技术
奥拉西坦是一种合成的羟基氨基丁酸(GABOB)环状衍生物,又称奥拉酰胺、羟氧吡醋胺,商品名有neuromet、Heupan、健朗星等,由意大利史克比切姆公司于1974年首次合成,并于1987年在意人利上市,是美国FDA批准的用于治疗老年痴呆的药物之一,目前报道的合成路线普遍存在着提纯困难或合成路线长等缺点。如日本专利JP62026267中提出的一种以甘氨酰胺盐酸盐(1)和3-羟基-4-卤代丁酸乙酯(2)为原料,在碱性条件下一步成环法直接制备奥拉西坦(3),虽然路线较短,但这种方法中副反应多,反应产物成分复杂,需柱层析提纯,且精制后不能完全达到药用标准,另外还存在着反应时间长,收率低等缺点,其反应方程式如下所示:
美国专利US4118396中提出了以亚氨基二乙酸乙酯(4)和氯甲酰乙酸乙酯 (5)为原材料,先酰化,再经乙醇钠催化环合得到2-(4-羟基-3-乙氧羰基-2-氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯(7),然后水解脱羧得到中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯 (8),再经还原、氨解得到奥拉西坦,具体合成方法如下所示:
该方法的缺点是合成路线较长,操作繁琐,而且水解脱羧时,2-(4-羟基-3-乙氧羰基-2-氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯 (7)容易发生自身分子间的缩合反应,导致制备关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯 (8)收率很低,最终导致该路线生产奥拉西坦的总收率很低。因此,开发高收率、适合于工业化生产的该中间体的合成路线具有重要意义。
发明内容
鉴于目前奥拉西坦合成关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯缺少高效的合成方法,本发明提供了一种原材料廉价易得、反应步骤短、操作简便、收率高、三废少、适合于工业化生产的奥拉西坦合成关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,技术方案如下:
所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于以4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为原料,在碱的作用,在有机溶剂中缩合得到2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯,反应方程式如下:
其中:X为Br或Cl;R为甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基。
所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯为4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯。
所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的碱为无机碱。
所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的碱为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾或碳酸氢钾中的任意一种,优选为碳酸钾或碳酸钠。
所述的一种制备奥拉西坦关键中间体2- (2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酰胺盐酸盐的投料摩尔为1:1-1.8,优选为1:1-1.3。
所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与碱的投料摩尔为1:2-3,优选为1:2.2-2.6。
所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的反应温度为40-100℃,优选为60-80℃,反应时间为1-8小时,优选为4-6小时。
所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的有机溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇或异丙醇,优选为乙醇。
通过采用上述技术,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明以4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为原料,碱存在下在有机溶剂中一步反应得到目标产物,其所用的原材料4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐均为普通市售材料,其来源方便且廉价易得、反应步骤短、操作简便、收率高、产品纯度高,产品结构经认证,后处理方便,三废少,因此具有非常好的工业应用前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
实施例1:2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成
在10L反应釜加入400g甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、610g碳酸钠和4L无水乙醇,在回流温度下缓慢滴加400g的4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯,约0.5小时滴加完。滴完后升温回流反应约5.5h,过滤,滤液浓缩后用乙醇/水重结晶得2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯397.7g,收率88.2%,1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ =7.76 (s, 1H), 4.63 (d, J= 30.5 Hz, 3H),4.15 (q, J= 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H)。
该实施例中,4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯用本发明限定的其他原料如4-溴乙酰乙酸乙酯等,碱用碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾或碳酸氢钾中的任意一种代替碳酸钠,所述的有机溶剂为甲醇、丙醇或异丙醇代替乙醇,均能取得同样的技术效果。
实施例2:2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成
在10L反应釜加入400g甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、484g碳酸氢钠和4L无水甲醇,在回流温度下缓慢滴加510g的4-溴乙酰乙酸乙酯,约0.5小时滴加完。滴完后升温回流反应约6 h,过滤,滤液浓缩后用乙醇/水重结晶得2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯285g,收率63.2%,1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ =7.76 (s, 1H), 4.63 (d, J= 30.5 Hz, 3H),4.15 (q, J= 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H)。
实施例3:2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成
在10L反应釜加入400g甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、484g碳酸氢钠和4L无水异丙醇,在回流温度下缓慢滴加510 g的4-溴乙酰乙酸乙酯,约0.5小时滴加完。滴完后升温回流反应约8h,过滤,滤液浓缩后用乙醇/水重结晶得2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯333.7g,收率74.0%,1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ =7.76 (s, 1H), 4.63 (d, J= 30.5 Hz, 3H),4.15 (q, J= 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H)。
实施例4:2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成
在10L反应釜加入400g甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、795 g碳酸钾和4L无水乙醇,在回流温度下缓慢滴加434g的4-氯乙酰乙酸丙酯,约0.5小时滴加完。滴完后升温回流反应约4h,过滤,滤液浓缩后用乙醇/水重结晶得2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯369.7g,收率82.0%,1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ =7.76 (s, 1H), 4.63 (d, J= 30.5 Hz, 3H),4.15 (q, J= 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H)。
实施例5:2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成
在10L反应釜加入400g甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐、795g碳酸钾和4L无水乙醇,在回流温度下缓慢滴加366g的4-氯乙酰乙酸甲酯,约0.5小时滴加完。滴完后升温回流反应约4h,过滤,滤液浓缩后用乙醇/水重结晶得2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯387.8g,收率86.0%,1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ =7.76 (s, 1H), 4.63 (d, J= 30.5 Hz, 3H), 4.15 (q,J= 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 1.22 (t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H)。
Claims (11)
1.一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于以4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为原料,在碱的作用,在有机溶剂中缩合得到2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯,反应温度为40-100℃,反应时间为1-8小时,反应方程式如下:
其中:X为Br或Cl;R为甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基,所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐的投料摩尔为1:1-1.8。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯为4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的碱为无机碱。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的碱为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾或碳酸氢钾中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与碱的投料摩尔为1:2-3。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于反应温度为60-80℃,反应时间为4-6小时。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的有机溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇或异丙醇。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的碱为碳酸钾或碳酸钠。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2- (2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐的投料摩尔为1:1-1.3。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的4-卤代乙酰乙酸酯与碱的投料摩尔为1:2.2-2.6。
11.根据权利要求1所述的一种奥拉西坦关键中间体2-(2,4-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酸乙酯的合成新方法,其特征在于所述的有机溶剂为乙醇。
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