CN104692977A - Tower-type melt granulation special fertilizer for improvement of saline land and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tower-type melt granulation special fertilizer for improvement of saline land, which belongs to the technical field of a functional and special fertilizer. The special fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: ammonnium phosphor nitrate, monoammonium phosphate or industrial monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulphate or ammonium sulfate, and humic acid or nitryl humic acid. Compared with the prior art, the special fertilizer is balanced and stable in nutrient, smooth in appearance, not easy in hardening, scientific and rational in formula, efficient and safe, and capable of improving soil and reducing soil salinity and sodicity.

Description

A kind of Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to functional special fertilizer technical field, be specifically related to a kind of alkaline land improving special fertilizer.

Background technology

China's saline soil area about 3,460 ten thousand hectares; tilth salinization 7,600,000 hectares; nearly 1/5 ploughs there is salinization; the development of alkaline land improving utilisation technology, has extremely important realistic meaning for China especially inland dry agricuture irrigation district rural economy sustainable and healthy development, management of national land, ecological environmental protection etc.

And fertilizer practice has very important effect to alkaline land improving, but the fertilizer sold in the market does not have improving effect mostly to saltings, and what have even can increase the weight of salting of soil.Therefore development & production is necessary for the fertilizer of alkaline land improving.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiencies in the prior art, on the basis of Tower-type melt granulation compound fertilizer facility, in conjunction with the practical situation in saltings, carry out scientific and reasonable formula, pass through manure trial, achieve phasic results, the object of the invention is the shortcoming improving prior art, provides a kind of Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer and production technology thereof.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer of the present invention, feed composition weight part is as follows: ammonium nitrate phosphorus 580-650 part, monoammonium phosphate 1-150 part or industrial monoammonium phosphate 1-110 part, potassium sulfate 1-170 part or ammonium sulfate 1-100 part, humic acids 1-40 part or nitro humic acid 1-70 part;

Above-mentioned raw materials is commercially available, wherein:

Ammonium nitrate phosphorus is particulate state (nutrient 36%, proportioning 32-4-0);

Monoammonium phosphate is common powdery monoammonium phosphate (nutrient >=55%);

Industrial monoammonium phosphate is white crystalline powder (nutrient >=73%);

Potassium sulfate is white powder (K ₂o content>=52%);

Ammonium sulfate is white crystalline powder (N >=21%);

Humic acids is black powder (humic acids >=60%, fineness 100 order);

Nitro humic acid is black powder (humic acids >=60%, fineness 100 order, pH:3-5);

Above-mentioned raw materials is except ammonium nitrate phosphorus, and the particle diameter of other raw materials is all good within the scope of 0-1 millimeter.

Preferably, feed composition weight part is as follows: 650 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, monoammonium phosphate 110 parts, potassium sulfate 170 parts, nitro humic acid 70 parts.

Its concrete technological process of production is as follows:

step 1: by ammonium nitrate phosphorus through high-temperature fusion (150 DEG C-165 DEG C), enter in dashpot, then through transferpump pressurization, deliver in tower top tempering tank after metering;

step 2:after all for residue raw materials are measured respectively, send in agitator and fully mix; Mixing raw material is sent in batch mixing well heater after crushing and screening, is heated to 70 DEG C-90 DEG C, then rises to tower top feed bin by chapelet;

step 3: the batch mixing after the heating in tower top feed bin in step 2 is sent into after spiral metering scale evenly measures in tempering tank described in above-mentioned steps 1, scattered paste shape material is mixed and made into through high shear agitation machine, temperature controls at 120 DEG C-140 DEG C, after vibrations metre filter falls granule foreign, overflow is to prilling spry, under shower nozzle rotational shear centrifugal action, mixture is evenly sprayed glomerate small droplets; Spray the small droplets fallen slowly to fall in the tower of the high 100-121 rice of diameter 10-18 rice from shower nozzle, through with the upstream heat exchange in tower after be cooled to 45 DEG C-65 DEG C, namely become Water soluble fertilizer particle, then through cooling, screening after metering packing.

Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer (22-9-9) prepared by the present invention has the following advantages:

1, nutrient is balanced, stable: this technique is in micro molecule level, the raw materials such as ammonium nitrate phosphorus, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, humic acids are fused into an organic nutrient entirety, by the mutual synergy between various nutrient, form balanced stable nutrient unit, ensure that the equilibrium of Fertilizer nutrient composition is with stable;

2, outward appearance is round and smooth, not easily harden: present invention process adopts high tower fused melt granulated, not only do not introduce moisture in production process, and effectively reduce product moisture by heating and melting and powder preheating, product particle outward appearance is round and smooth, moisture is extremely low, ultimate compression strength greatly and not easily harden;

3, scientific formulation rationally, highly effective and safe: in special fertilizer of the present invention, nitric nitrogen is reasonably combined with ammonium nitrogen, and potassium source adopts high-quality potassium sulfate, not biuret-containing and chlorion, need not worry that biuret burns seedling and chlorine does harm to, use highly effective and safe;

4, can soil be improved, reduce soil salinity and alkalinity: special fertilizer pH value of the present invention is low, containing humic acids, and is potassium sulfate type, be conducive to improveing soil, reduce soil salinity and alkalinity;

5, dissolving is fast, residue is few, there is drought resisting function: nitrate nitrogen content high (about 10%) in special fertilizer of the present invention, dissolve fast, residue is few, is applicable to the fertilization mode of water-fertilizer integral, and there is drought resisting function (nitric nitrogen, containing humic acids), be particularly suited for arid varieties in saline-alkali areas, China inland and use.

Embodiment

embodiment 1:

Feed composition weight part is as follows: 580 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, potassium sulfate 170 parts, monoammonium phosphate (55%) 150 part, 100 parts, ammonium sulfate.

preparation method: step 1: by 580 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphorus through high-temperature fusion (150 DEG C-165 DEG C), enter in dashpot, then through transferpump pressurization, deliver in tower top tempering tank after metering;

step 2:after 150 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 100 parts of ammonium sulfate, 170 parts of potassium sulfate are measured respectively, send in agitator and fully mix.Mixing raw material is sent in batch mixing well heater after crushing and screening, is heated to 70 DEG C-90 DEG C, then rises to tower top feed bin by chapelet;

step 3: the batch mixing after the heating in tower top feed bin in step 2 is sent in tempering tank described in above-mentioned steps 1 after spiral weighing balance evenly measures, scattered paste shape material is mixed and made into through high shear agitation machine, temperature controls at 120 DEG C-140 DEG C, after vibrations metre filter falls granule foreign, overflow is to prilling spry, under shower nozzle rotational shear centrifugal action, mixture is evenly sprayed glomerate small droplets.Spray the small droplets fallen slowly to fall in the tower of the high 100-121 rice of diameter 10-18 rice from shower nozzle, through with the upstream heat exchange in tower after be cooled to 45 DEG C-65 DEG C, namely become Water soluble fertilizer particle, then through cooling, screening after metering packing.

The product specification obtained is 22-9-9(nitre sulfenyl, not containing humic acids).

embodiment 2:

Feed composition weight part is as follows: 640 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, monoammonium phosphate (55%) 150 part, potassium sulfate 170 parts, humic acids 40 parts.

Concrete implementation step is with embodiment 1.

The product specification obtained is 22-9-9(nitre sulfenyl, containing 4% common humic acids).

embodiment 3:

Feed composition weight part is as follows: 640 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, monoammonium phosphate (55%) 150 part, potassium sulfate 170 parts, nitro humic acid 40 parts.

Concrete implementation step is with embodiment 1.

The product specification obtained is 22-9-9(nitre sulfenyl, containing 4% nitro humic acid).

embodiment 4:

Feed composition weight part is as follows: 650 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, monoammonium phosphate (55%) 110 part, potassium sulfate 170 parts, nitro humic acid 70 parts.

Concrete implementation step is with embodiment 1.

The product specification obtained is 22-9-9(nitre sulfenyl, containing 7% nitro humic acid).

comparative example:

Common 22-9-9 urea S-based compound fertilizer, Stanley Fertilizer Co., Ltd produces.

manure trial

For verifying the actual effect of this reclamation of salinep-alkali soil fertilizer, special corn of selecting in Gansu province carries out manure trial, and concrete test situation is as follows:

1, test materials and method

Test site: Gao Zhai village of San Zha township, Ganzhou District, Zhangye City, Gansu Province.

For examination soil nutrient content be: the topsoil 0cm-20cm soil organism 0.72%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 34.6mg/Kg, rapid available phosphorus (P ₂o ₅) 6.7mg/Kg, available potassium (K ₂o) 122.6mg/Kg, soil pH value is 8.5, total salt 7.1g/Kg.

For examination corn variety be: Zheng Dan 958.

5 process are established in this experiment altogether, specifically process in table 1, often process repetition 3 times, and random district group arranges, and experimental plot area is 40m ², 8m × 5m rectangle, surrounding establishes protection row.Corn was sowed on April 25th, 2014, and on June 20th, 2014 topdresses once, and October 3 gathered in the crops.

All process rates of fertilizer application are 750kg/hm ², every community rate of fertilizer application is 3.00kg, and equal 70% fertilizer is used for base to be executed, and 30% for imposing, and specifically in table 1, the field management measures such as all the other weedings, laxative, irrigation are identical.

The process of table 1 corn fertilizing

Mensuration project and method: during harvest corn, in experimental plot, adopt 30 fruit ears at random respectively, indoor measurement grain number per spike, Ear weight, 100-grain weight, each experimental plot gathers in the crops separately, calculates theoretical output by cell production.After harvest corn, layout by serpentine in field test community, gather topsoil (0-20cm) soil sample 4kg, take back 1kg mixed soil sample room-dry by quartering and measure soil physico-chemical property (soil weight, crumb structure adopt undisturbed soil).

, test results and analysis:

Table 2 different fertilization is on the impact of saline-alkali soil physico-chemical property

As shown in Table 2, by process A to processing E, the soil weight of each fertilizer treatment, pH value, total salt content reduce all gradually, and soil porosity, water content increase all gradually.Wherein process E(22-9-9, nitre sulfenyl, containing 7% nitro humic acid) the soil weight than process A(22-9-9, urea sulfenyl) reduce 0.31 g/cm ³, the reduction of the soil weight, means that loosing soil, porosity increase, and is conducive to the activity of soil microorganisms on the one hand, is conducive to growing of corn subterranean root on the other hand.Process E(22-9-9, nitre sulfenyl, containing 7% nitro humic acid) pH value than process A(22-9-9, urea sulfenyl) reduce 0.10, total salt content reduces by 2.35 g/Kg, illustrates interpolation nitro humic acid after have obvious improving effect to saline-alkali soil.

Table 3 different fertilization is on the impact of maize plant proterties and output

As shown in Table 3, by process A to processing E, the grain number per spike of each fertilizer treatment, Ear weight, 100-grain weight equal yield line index increase all gradually, and output also increases gradually.Wherein process E(22-9-9, nitre sulfenyl, containing 7% nitro humic acid) than process A(22-9-9, urea sulfenyl) grain number per spike increase by 18.09%, Ear weight increases by 35.46%, and 100-grain weight increases by 14.54%, and output increases by 0.80 t/hm ², stimulation ratio reaches 14.55%.Process D(22-9-9, nitre sulfenyl, containing 4% nitro humic acid) than process C(22-9-9, nitre sulfenyl, containing 4% common humic acids) grain number per spike increase by 2.54%, Ear weight increases by 3.39%, and 100-grain weight increases by 4.29%, and output increases by 0.20 t/hm ², stimulation ratio reaches 3.45%.It is more obvious than adding the effect of increasing production of common humic acids to corn that interpolation nitro humic acid is described.

Therefore, Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer nutrient formula of the present invention with the 22-9-9(nitre sulfenyl of embodiment 4, containing 7% nitro humic acid) the most reasonable.

Claims (3)

1. a Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer, it is characterized in that feed composition weight part is as follows: ammonium nitrate phosphorus 580-650 part, monoammonium phosphate 1-150 part or industrial monoammonium phosphate 1-110 part, potassium sulfate 1-170 part or ammonium sulfate 1-100 part, humic acids 1-40 part or nitro humic acid 1-70 part;

Above-mentioned raw materials is commercially available, wherein:

Described ammonium nitrate phosphorus is particulate state, nutrient 36%, proportioning 32-4-0;

Described monoammonium phosphate is common powdery monoammonium phosphate, nutrient >=55%;

Described industrial monoammonium phosphate is white crystalline powder, nutrient >=73%;

Described potassium sulfate is white powder, K ₂o content>=52%;

Described ammonium sulfate is white crystalline powder, N >=21%;

Described humic acids is black powder, humic acids >=60%, fineness 100 order;

Described nitro humic acid is black powder, humic acids >=60%, fineness 100 order, pH:3-5;

Above-mentioned raw materials is except ammonium nitrate phosphorus, and the particle diameter of other raw materials is all within the scope of 0-1 millimeter.

2. Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that feed composition weight part is as follows: 650 parts, ammonium nitrate phosphorus, monoammonium phosphate 110 parts, potassium sulfate 170 parts, nitro humic acid 70 parts.

3. prepare a method for Tower-type melt granulation alkaline land improving special fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that comprising following processing step:

step 1: by ammonium nitrate phosphorus through 150 DEG C of-165 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, then through transferpump pressurization, deliver in tower top tempering tank after metering;

step 2:after surplus stock component is measured respectively, send in agitator and fully mix; Mixing raw material is sent in batch mixing well heater after crushing and screening, is heated to 70 DEG C-90 DEG C, then rises to tower top feed bin by chapelet;

step 3: the batch mixing after the heating in tower top feed bin in step 2 is sent into after spiral metering scale evenly measures in tempering tank described in above-mentioned steps 1, scattered paste shape material is mixed and made into through high shear agitation machine, temperature controls at 120 DEG C-140 DEG C, after vibrations metre filter falls granule foreign, overflow is to prilling spry, under shower nozzle rotational shear centrifugal action, mixture is evenly sprayed glomerate small droplets; Spray the small droplets fallen slowly to fall in the tower of the high 100-121 rice of diameter 10-18 rice from shower nozzle, through with the upstream heat exchange in tower after be cooled to 45 DEG C-65 DEG C, namely become Water soluble fertilizer particle, then through cooling, screening after metering packing.