CN104645539A - Ammonia-free gel - Google Patents
Ammonia-free gel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104645539A CN104645539A CN201310581681.0A CN201310581681A CN104645539A CN 104645539 A CN104645539 A CN 104645539A CN 201310581681 A CN201310581681 A CN 201310581681A CN 104645539 A CN104645539 A CN 104645539A
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- ammonia
- gel
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- pulvis
- cellulose
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ammonia-free gel. The ammonia-free gel is rapidly prepared by adding, by weight, 10 to 20 parts of water and 2 parts of sodium silicate into 1 part of a powder agent, and is used for fire prevention. The powder agent is composed of following ingredients, by weight, 30% of sodium bicarbonate, 20% of magnesium sulfate, 40% of copper sulphate, 5% of cellulose, 3% of bentonite, and 2% of a thickening agent. The thickening agent is a cellulose thickening agent; and reaction is carried out at normal temperature. It is confirmed by experiment research and cost analysis that, compared with conventional gel in the market, a preparation method of the ammonia-free gel is simple; gelation time is shorter; raw materials are easily available; water retaining rate is high; the ammonia-free gel is friendly to the environment, is nontoxic, is harmless, is odorless, possesses no corrosivity, and improved fire resistance and heat stability, and can be commonly used for coal mine fire extinguishing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gel, particularly relate to a kind of for Coal Mine Fire without ammonia gel.
Background technology
In general, the three elements of burning are combustible, oxygen and ignition point, and three is indispensable.Want knock down the flame, at least must remove in three elements, namely remove combustible, isolated air or chilling temperature.As everyone knows, fire brings huge harm to the safety of life and property of people, therefore improves fire-fighting technique and seems extremely important.And one important in fire-fighting technique is exactly the performance of extinguish material.At present, the extinguishing chemical used in daily life and production process is a lot of, different properties.Different according to extinguishing mechanism, extinguishing chemical can be divided into two large classes substantially: Physical extinguishant and chemical.Physical extinguishant does not participate in combustion reaction, and it plays the effect suffocating, cool and isolate flame in fire extinguishing procedure, while reduction combustion mixture temperature, and dilution oxygen, isolation combustible, thus reach the effect of fire extinguishing.Physical extinguishant comprises water, foam, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon gas and other inert gas.Chemical is suppress to burn by the chain reaction of cut-out living radical (mainly referring to hydroperoxyl radical and hydroxyl free radical) in combustion.Chemical comprises halon fire agent, powder extinguishing agent etc.
At present, if domestic coal master is with chemical, what the gel of use mainly had base-material (waterglass) and coagulant (carbon ammonium or ammonium sulfate) aqueous solution composition has ammonia gel.There is ammonia release, severe corrosive in the ammonia gel that has on market, the shortcoming of the high grade of price, discharge a large amount of ammonia, pollute operating environment in use procedure, affect workers ' health, and cost is high in the process of plastic, buying trouble.And although ordinary gel solid water rate is high, there is good fire extinguishing effect, at high temperature easy dehydration drying shrinkage, affect its filling effect to coal seam.So need to work out a kind of environmental protection and cheap without ammonia gel rubber material, to raising preventing and extinguishing fire of coal mine level, reduce casualty loss, protection the healthy of underground operators has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art mentioned, the invention provides a kind of newly without ammonia gel, it, by special structure and material design, solves the problem.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is:
A kind of without ammonia gel, it is characterized in that: add water and sodium metasilicate reaction by pulvis, the rapid-result fireproof that is used for is without ammonia colloid, and described pulvis consists of the following composition by weight proportion:
Sodium acid carbonate 30% magnesium sulfate 20% copper sulphate 40%
Cellulose 5% bentonite 3% thickener 2%.
Preferably, described thickener belongs to cellulose thickener.
Preferably, described reaction completes at normal temperatures.
Preferably, the part by weight that described reaction adds pulvis and water is: 1 part, pulvis, water 10-20 part.
Preferably, the part by weight that described reaction adds pulvis and sodium metasilicate is: 1 part, pulvis, sodium metasilicate 2 parts.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The invention provides a kind of under normal temperature condition, utilize a certain proportion of chemical substance to be made without ammonia gel, there is following features: 1. water content is high; 2. gelation time is short; 3. plastic is front for being easy to the liquid flowed, and have well infiltration leak stopping function, in gel after plastic, do not flow, without bearing capacity, pressurized does not ftracture; 4. gel plastic process is an endothermic process, has absorbing and cooling temperature effect; 5. there is resistance voltinism energy.
Through experimental study and cost analysis, simpler than the preparation method of the gel used in the market without ammonia gel, gel time is short, and raw material is easily purchased, solid water rate is high, colloid environmental protection, nontoxic, harmless, tasteless, non-corrosiveness, and the fire extinguishing performance and the heat endurance that improve gel, can be widely used in preventing and extinguishing fire of coal mine.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, be used for explaining the present invention in this illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of without ammonia gel, it is characterized in that: add water by pulvis and sodium metasilicate reacts, rapid-result for Coal Mine Fire without ammonia colloid.Described pulvis consists of the following composition by weight:
Sodium acid carbonate 30% magnesium sulfate 20% copper sulphate 40%
Cellulose 5% bentonite 3% thickener 2%.
Wherein:
Sodium acid carbonate (Sodium Bicarbonate), be commonly called as " sodium bicarbonate ", " soda ash ", " bicarb of soda ", white fine crystals, the solubility in water is less than sodium carbonate.Solid more than 50 DEG C starts to decompose generation sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water gradually, decomposes completely when 270 DEG C.Sodium acid carbonate is in highly basic and weak acid and the acid salt of rear generation, presents alkalescent time water-soluble.Often utilize this characteristic as the leavening agent in food product making process.Sodium acid carbonate can remain sodium carbonate after effect, uses and finished product too much can be made to have alkali taste.White powder or monoclinic crystal crystalline powder, odorless, taste are salty, soluble in water, but less than the solubility of sodium carbonate in water, and be insoluble to ethanol, the aqueous solution is alkalescence.Be heated and easily decompose.Slowly decompose in humid air.Start reaction about 50 DEG C and generate CO
2, all become sodium carbonate at 100 DEG C.Decompose rapidly in weak acid, its aqueous solution starts to split the carbon dioxide off and sodium carbonate 20 DEG C time, all decomposes to during boiling point.Be dissolved in 10 parts of water when 25 DEG C, be dissolved in 12 parts of water when about 18 DEG C, be insoluble to ethanol.The solution that what its cold water was made do not have stirs, to the phenolphthalein test paper only reaction in alkalescence, place or raised temperature, its alkalescence increases.
Magnesium sulfate, or anhydrous magnesium sulfate, it is a kind of compound containing magnesium, anhydrous magnesium sulfate is a kind of conventional chemical reagent and dried reagent, but magnesium sulfate often refers to epsom salt, the oblique shape tiny for white or tiltedly column crystallization, odorless, bitter, clinical in the disease such as catharsis, cholagogic, anticonvulsion, eclampsia, lockjaw, hypertension.(1) for muslin of printing and dyeing, the heavy weight additive making cotton, silk, the filler of kapok goods; Make the colour developing salt of blue dyes, do in black liquid to inhale alkaline agent, to ensure to realize level dyeing.(2) for grass processed, fertilizer, porcelain, pigment, match, explosive and fire proofing material; (3) medium component is made in microbiological industry, brewages with additive, supplements the magnesium of brewing water, nutrient source when fermenting; (4) make filler in leather industry and strengthen heat resistance; (5) stabilizing agent produced yeast cake, monosodium glutamate and be used as the calcium monohydrogen phosphate in toothpaste production is used as in light industry; (6) flocculation aid of cement; (7) pulp industry, artificial silk and silk goods industry etc. are also used.
Copper sulphate refers generally to copper sulphate (Salzburg vitriol), and be sky blue crystal, the aqueous solution is faintly acid, popular name blue stone or blue vitriol.Copper sulphate is the important source material of other copper compounds of preparation.Bordeaux mixture can be obtained, as bactericide with milk of lime mixing.Electrolyte when copper sulphate is also electrolytical refined copper.With highly basic effect, form the flocculent deposit of nattier blue Kocide SD Cu (OH) 2.
The macromolecular polysaccharide that cellulose (cellulose) is made up of glucose.Water insoluble and common organic solvents.Cellulose is natural polymer ancient, the abundantest on the earth, is inexhaustible, the natural reproducible resource that the mankind are the most valuable.Before cellulose chemistry and industry start from more than 160 year, be that polymer chemistry is born and the main study subject of developing period, the achievement in research of cellulose and its derivates be the foundation of Polymer Physics and chemistry subject, development and abundantly made major contribution.Cellulosic major physiological effect is absorption large quantity of moisture.
Bentonite is also bentonite, bentonite or amargosite.China's application is bentonitic with a long history, originally just as a kind of washing agent.(just have opencut before the area count a century of Renshou, Sichuan, local people claims bentonite to be native powder).Really be widely used but only have hundred the coming year history.It is in the ancient stratum of the Wyoming State that colonial finds, in yellowish green clay, can expand into pasty state after adding water, people were just every clay having this character afterwards, were referred to as bentonite.Bentonitic main mineral constituent is montmorillonite in fact, and content is at 85-90%, and bentonitic properties also all determined by montmorillonite.Montmorillonite can in shades of colour as yellowish green, yellowish-white, grey, white etc.Can become compact massive, also can be loose earthy, with there being sliding sense when pointing and rub mill with the hands, after small blocks adds water, volume swells several times to 20-30 times, in suspension in water, when water is few in the pasty state.The character of montmorillonite is relevant with internal structure with its chemical composition.Bentonite has very strong hygroscopicity, can adsorb and is equivalent to own vol 8-20 water doubly and is expanded to 30 times; Can disperse in aqueous medium in soliquid, and have certain viscosity, thixotropy and lubricity, it has plasticity and caking property with the admixture of silt etc., has stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC) and adsorption capacity.Explore shows, the bentonitic reserves No. 1 in the world of China, A wide selection of colours and designs, and distribution is wide, spreads all over 26 provinces and cities, and output is all at the forefront in the world with outlet.According to incompletely statistics, the bentonite annual production of current China is more than 3,500,000 tons, and gross reserves accounts for 60% of world's total amount.Up to the present accumulative proved reserves more than 50.87 hundred million tons, reserves is greater than 7,000,000,000 tons.
Thickener is a kind of auxiliary rheological agents, not only can make coating thickening, prevents from occurring sagging phenomenon in construction, and can give mechanical performance and the bin stability of coating excellence.For the water paint that viscosity is lower, it is a very important analog assistant.Have water-based and oiliness point.Especially water phase thickener application is more general.Thickener is in fact a kind of auxiliary rheological agents, rheological characteristic can be regulated after adding thickener, make adhesive and sealant thickening, prevent filler from precipitating, give good physical mechanical stability, control the rheological characteristic (during applying glue not sagging, do not drip and drop down, do not fly liquid) of work progress, can also play a part to reduce costs.Especially all very important for the manufacture of adhesive and sealant, storage, use, can improve and regulate viscosity, obtains stable, anti-settling, subtract ooze, prevent dropping down, the performance such as thixotroping.Thickener-plain the digested tankage of food-grade is a kind of water phase thickener, it is also a kind of oil phase thickeners simultaneously, that is, its meet water can be a large amount of water suction, absorb water 30 times time can form gel, water suction 50-100 times time, can become pasty state, water suction 100-200 times time, can make water body and the strong sense of System forming containing albumen, grease, texture is strong.
As the improvement of above-mentioned embodiment, described thickener belongs to cellulose thickener.
As the improvement of above-mentioned embodiment, described reaction completes at normal temperatures.
As the improvement of above-mentioned embodiment, the part by weight that described reaction adds pulvis and water is: 1 part, pulvis, water 10-20 part.
As the improvement of above-mentioned embodiment, the part by weight that described reaction adds pulvis and sodium metasilicate is: 1 part, pulvis, sodium metasilicate 2 parts.
Embodiment 1
When composition is 1:2:10 without the powdered object of ammonia gel and the ratio of sodium metasilicate (waterglass) and water (normal temperature), gel time is 5-6 second.
Embodiment 2
When composition is 1:2:15 without the powdered object of ammonia gel and the ratio of sodium metasilicate (waterglass) and water (normal temperature), gel time is 10-20 second.
Embodiment 3
When composition is 1:2:20 without the powdered object of ammonia gel and the ratio of sodium metasilicate (waterglass) and water (normal temperature), gel time is 30-40 second.
Not only can the gap of sold stowing broken coal body without ammonia gel, the stifled air supply channel that ventilates absolutely, and also moisture wherein can slowly infiltrate broken coal body with the longer time, it is made to keep moisture state for a long time, its oxidisability of inerting, extends its spontaneous combustion period, thus reaches the object of fire extinguishing.Soluble in water without ammonia gel, solubility is more than 1.5 times of chemical fertilizer, is therefore not easy shutoff pipeline.In the use procedure of down-hole, toxic and harmful is not produced without ammonia gel, and the tasteless non-corrosiveness of this liquid colorless, without any bad reaction after human contact.Be composite material without ammonia gel, have the material of Multiple Type, accelerated clotting time is at 5s-300s, and applying unit can be selected as requested.Without ammonia gel, there is Inhibition, water-soluble rear generating portion solid impurity, but do not affect the effect of gel.Gel effect is good, and the gel of generation is g., jelly-like, and intensity is high, and percentage of water loss is low, and water retention reaches more than 90%.Adjustment proportioning, can be made into the gel of mobility.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of under normal temperature condition, utilize a certain proportion of chemical substance to be made without ammonia gel, there is following features: 1. water content is high; 2. gelation time is short; 3. plastic is front for being easy to the liquid flowed, and have well infiltration leak stopping function, in gel after plastic, do not flow, without bearing capacity, pressurized does not ftracture; 4. gel plastic process is an endothermic process, has absorbing and cooling temperature effect; 5. there is resistance voltinism energy.Through experimental study and cost analysis, simpler than the preparation method of the gel used in the market without ammonia gel, gel time is short, and raw material is easily purchased, solid water rate is high, colloid environmental protection, nontoxic, harmless, tasteless, non-corrosiveness, and the fire extinguishing performance and the heat endurance that improve gel, can be widely used in preventing and extinguishing fire of coal mine.
Above the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is described in detail, apply specific case herein to set forth the principle of the embodiment of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to the principle helping to understand the embodiment of the present invention; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, detailed description of the invention and range of application all will change, and in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. without an ammonia gel, it is characterized in that: add water and sodium metasilicate reaction by pulvis, make for fireproof without ammonia colloid.
2. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that without ammonia gel, described pulvis consists of the following composition by weight proportion:
Sodium acid carbonate 30% magnesium sulfate 20% copper sulphate 40%
Cellulose 5% bentonite 3% thickener 2%.
3. according to claim 2 without ammonia gel, it is characterized in that:
Described thickener belongs to cellulose thickener.
4. according to claim 1 without ammonia gel, it is characterized in that:
Described reaction completes at normal temperatures.
5. according to claim 1 without ammonia gel, it is characterized in that:
The part by weight that described reaction adds pulvis and water is: 1 part, pulvis, water 10-20 part.
6. according to claim 1 without ammonia gel, it is characterized in that:
The part by weight that described reaction adds pulvis and sodium metasilicate is: 1 part, pulvis, sodium metasilicate 2 parts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310581681.0A CN104645539A (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | Ammonia-free gel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310581681.0A CN104645539A (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | Ammonia-free gel |
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| CN104645539A true CN104645539A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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| CN201310581681.0A Pending CN104645539A (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | Ammonia-free gel |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106377861A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-02-08 | 北京东霖消防科技有限公司 | High-molecular hydro-gel fire extinguishing agent |
| CN106390349A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-02-15 | 北京东霖消防科技有限公司 | Macromolecule fire extinguishment additive powder |
| CN107376187A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 吕海党 | A kind of quick-acting fire-fighting powder |
| JP2018187071A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-29 | 三生技研株式会社 | Temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire-extinguishing agent, and temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spreading inhibitor |
| US20190275078A1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-12 | Therazure LLC | Compositions for the treatment of infections in feet |
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| EP1380322A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-01-14 | Kohjin Co., Ltd. | Fire-extinguishing agent, water for fire extinguishing, and method of fire extinguishing |
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| CN102258836A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-30 | 浙江威龙高分子材料有限公司 | Flame-retarding fire extinguishing agent for coal mines |
| CN102526921A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Novel coal ash grouting material |
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2013
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1269385A (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-10-11 | 株式会社三逊 | Coating composition for fire-preventing and acoustics use |
| EP1380322A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-01-14 | Kohjin Co., Ltd. | Fire-extinguishing agent, water for fire extinguishing, and method of fire extinguishing |
| CN101961538A (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2011-02-02 | 马志毅 | Additive for preparing fire extinguishing agent |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106377861A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-02-08 | 北京东霖消防科技有限公司 | High-molecular hydro-gel fire extinguishing agent |
| CN106390349A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-02-15 | 北京东霖消防科技有限公司 | Macromolecule fire extinguishment additive powder |
| JP2018187071A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-29 | 三生技研株式会社 | Temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire-extinguishing agent, and temperature-sensitive inorganic composition fire spreading inhibitor |
| CN107376187A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 吕海党 | A kind of quick-acting fire-fighting powder |
| US20190275078A1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-12 | Therazure LLC | Compositions for the treatment of infections in feet |
| WO2019173213A1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-12 | Therazure LLC | Compositions for the treatment of infections in feet |
| EP3761990A4 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2021-12-01 | Therazure LLC | Compositions for the treatment of infections in feet |
| US12053486B2 (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2024-08-06 | Therazure LLC | Compositions for the treatment of infections in feet |
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Application publication date: 20150527 |