Detailed description of the invention
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
According to the present invention, the production method of described heavy caliber thick wall tubing comprises:
(1) forging process
The steel ingot of nickel alloy is heated, steel ingot after heating is carried out successively jumping-up, punching, reaming, time pulling of many fire and cooling, then carry out solid solution to obtain extra heavy pipe base, wherein, in many fire time pulling operation, last two fiery heating-up temperatures are 1000-1150 DEG C;
(2) secondary forging process
Carried out successively by described extra heavy pipe base heating, forge, cool and solid solution, wherein, in described forging process, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 500-800 DEG C.
According to the present invention, the preparation method of the steel ingot of described nickel alloy can adopt the method for this area routine, as long as can obtain nickel alloy steel ingot required for the present invention.
The specification of the steel ingot of nickel alloy of the present invention can be: steel ingot length is 1000-3000mm, and steel ingot diameter is 550-1000mm.
According to the present invention, the object heated described steel ingot makes steel ingot have enough plasticity, reduces the resistance of deformation of a forging process, reduces the energy consumption of a forging process, improve interior tissue.For reaching the above object, under preferable case, in a forging process, the steel ingot of nickel alloy being carried out heating make the temperature of steel ingot be 1150-1200 DEG C.
The present invention carries out heating to described steel ingot can carrying out in various routine on the device of Heating Steel Ingots, and the device for Heating Steel Ingots can be such as bell type heating furnace.
According to the present invention, in order to the crystalline structure of abundant broken described nickel alloy steel ingot, grain structure phenomenon that is uneven and grain structure exception is avoided to occur, thus more effectively improve its plasticity, under preferable case, in a forging process, described jumping-up operation comprises carries out a jumping-up and secondary jumping-up successively by steel ingot, jumping-up is to the 1/3-1/2 of ingot body length, and secondary jumping-up is to the 1/3-1/2 of ingot body length.
The present invention does not have concrete restriction to described jumping-up equipment, and can be that the routine of this area is selected, preferably, described jumping-up equipment be the quick forging machine of 4500KN.
According to the present invention, steel ingot through twice jumping-up operation is carried out punching and reaming successively, described punching or reaming operation can adopt the method for this area routine to carry out, and described punching or reaming equipment used can be the equipment for punching or reaming of this area routine.
According to the present invention, described many fire time pulling can adopt the method for this area routine to carry out, and for ensureing the grain size level of pipe, preferably, in many fire time pulling operation, last two fiery heating-up temperatures are 1000-1150 DEG C; More preferably, in many fire time pulling operation, last two fiery heating-up temperatures are 1050-1100 DEG C.
It can be the 85-96% of original pipe internal diameter that last fire pulls out the pipe internal diameter obtained, and is preferably 90-96%; It can be the 80-90% of original pipe external diameter that last fire pulls out the pipe external diameter obtained, and is preferably 84-88%.
According to the present invention, in a forging process, implement the method that the refrigerating work procedure carried out through the secondary product pulled out of many fire can adopt this area routine to use, preferably the embodiment of employing air cooling carries out.
According to the present invention, described solid solution operation refers to and is incubated being heated to high temperature austenitic tagma through cooled middle pipe, and second-phase or not molten being fully dissolved into mutually after in solid solution are cooled, fast to obtain oversaturated solid solution.The main purpose of described solid solution operation is the thermal stress of the steel pipe eliminating nickel alloy, makes alloy generation recrystallization, obtains suitable grain size.Preferably, in a forging process, the holding temperature of described solid solution process is 930-980 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 60-240 minute; More preferably, in a forging process, the holding temperature of described solid solution process is 940-950 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 120-180 minute.
In a described forging process, if find, the temperature of pipe is on the low side, when forging has cracking dangerous, pipe need be carried out reheating in furnace, under preferable case, described in the temperature of reburning be 1150-1200 DEG C, the time is 60-100 minute.
According to the present invention, in secondary forging process, heated the extra heavy pipe base obtained through a forging, described heating can adopt the method for this area routine to implement, such as, annular continuous-type furnace can be adopted to heat.
According to the present invention, in secondary forging process, described forging process adopts the footpath of the many tups forging mode of forging machine based on compression to carry out, the metal in deformed region is made to take into account transverse compression and axial extension under compressive stress state, the vertical lateral performance otherness of pipe is little, the anisotropy of the tension that the transverse spreading effectively overcoming tradition forging appearance causes and the material that the axis extension etc. that rolling produces brings, thus improve the uniformity that lateral performance indulged by material, reduce the differential of tubing grain size.
The forging frequency of described forging machine mainly relies on the speed of rotation of footpath forging machine two chucks and flexible speed to control, preferably, the forging frequency of described footpath forging machine is 100-240 beat/min, and more preferably, the forging frequency of described footpath forging machine is 160-200 beat/min.
The footpath forging machine of the present invention to described many tups does not have concrete restriction, can be that the routine of this area is selected, and preferably, the footpath forging machine of described many tups is the footpath forging machine of 1800KN.
According to the present invention, in order to the grain size of the described extra heavy pipe base of more effective improvement, preferably, in secondary forging process, in described forging process, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 500-800 DEG C, more preferably, secondary forging process in, in described forging process, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 550-650 DEG C.
According to the present invention, adopt the condition of the cooling identical with forging process and solid solution to cool successively and solid solution operation the extra heavy pipe base after forging, in order to avoid repetition, do not repeating at this.
According to the present invention, be greater than the prerequisite of 600mm at the external diameter of the pipe obtained through secondary forging under, preferably, the method also comprises carries out the shaping and solid solution of heat expansion successively by the pipe obtained through secondary forging, described heat expands molding procedure and the method for this area routine can be adopted to carry out, and the temperature that preferred described heat expands is 800-900 DEG C, and the condition of described solid solution preferably adopts the solid solution condition identical with forging process, in order to avoid repeating, do not repeating at this.
In the present invention, under preferable case, in described heavy caliber thick wall tubing, with the gross weight of heavy caliber thick wall tubing for benchmark, the content of described nickel is 38-46 % by weight, and the content of described chromium is 19.5-23.5 % by weight, the content of described molybdenum is 2.5-3.5 % by weight, the content of described copper is 1.5-3.0 % by weight, and the content of described titanium is 0.6-1.2 % by weight, and the content of described carbon is for being less than or equal to 0.05 % by weight; Under further preferable case, described heavy caliber thick wall tubing is Incoloy825 tubing.
The invention will be further described by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is for illustration of the production method of heavy caliber thick wall tubing provided by the invention
Be 550mm by diameter, length is that the steel ingot of 1000mm is put into bell type heating furnace and heated, the parameter controlling bell type heating furnace makes the temperature of steel ingot control at 1150 DEG C, then the quick forging machine of 4500KN is adopted to carry out twice jumping-up to the steel ingot after heating, control the steel ingot jumping-up after a jumping-up to 1/2 of ingot body length, steel ingot jumping-up after secondary jumping-up is to 1/3 of ingot body length, then punching is carried out, reaming and time pulling of many fire, the last two fiery heating-up temperatures controlling many fire time pulling operation are 1050 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature, carry out solid solution again, solid solubility temperature is 940 DEG C, temperature retention time is 120 minutes.
Extra heavy pipe base through a forging is put into annular continuous-type furnace again heat, extra heavy pipe base is heated to 600 DEG C (this temperature is the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base in forging process), then the footpath of the 1800KN many tups forging mode of forging machine based on compression is adopted to forge the extra heavy pipe base after heating, and the forging frequency controlling footpath forging machine is 160 beats/min, then air cooling is carried out, carry out solid solution again, the holding temperature of solid solution process is 940 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 120 minutes.
Tubing the finished product tubing A1 that concerned process steps obtains required size specification such as to grind outward through interior boring again.
A1 is carried out the test of composition, specification and various performance, result is as shown in table 1-3.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is for illustration of the production method of heavy caliber thick wall tubing provided by the invention
Be 1000mm by diameter, length is that the steel ingot of 3000mm is put into bell type heating furnace and heated, the parameter controlling bell type heating furnace makes the temperature of steel ingot control at 1200 DEG C, then the quick forging machine of 4500KN is adopted to carry out twice jumping-up to the steel ingot after heating, control the steel ingot jumping-up after a jumping-up to 1/3 of ingot body length, steel ingot jumping-up after secondary jumping-up is to 1/3 of ingot body length, then punching is carried out, reaming and time pulling of many fire, the last two fiery heating-up temperatures controlling many fire time pulling operation are 1100 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature, carry out solid solution again, the holding temperature of solid solution process is 950 DEG C, temperature retention time is 180 minutes.
Extra heavy pipe base through a forging is put into annular continuous-type furnace again heat, extra heavy pipe base is heated to 650 DEG C (this temperature is the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base in forging process), then the footpath of the 1800KN many tups forging mode of forging machine based on compression is adopted to forge the extra heavy pipe base after heating, and the forging frequency controlling footpath forging machine is 200 beats/min, then air cooling is to room temperature, carry out solid solution again, solid solubility temperature is 950 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes.
Then tubing diffused into final required size expanding technique through once heat, and then carry out solid solution, the holding temperature of solid solution process is 945 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 150 minutes.
Tubing the finished product tubing A2 that concerned process steps obtains required size specification such as to grind outward through interior boring again.
A2 is carried out the test of composition, specification and various performance, result is as shown in table 1-3.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is for illustration of the production method of heavy caliber thick wall tubing provided by the invention
Be 760mm by diameter, length is that the steel ingot of 2300mm is put into bell type heating furnace and heated, the parameter controlling bell type heating furnace makes the temperature of steel ingot control at 1170 DEG C, then the quick forging machine of 4500KN is adopted to carry out twice jumping-up to the steel ingot after heating, control the steel ingot jumping-up after a jumping-up to 1/2 of ingot body length, steel ingot jumping-up after secondary jumping-up is to 1/3 of ingot body length, then punching is carried out, reaming and time pulling of many fire, the last two fiery heating-up temperatures controlling many fire time pulling operation are 1050 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature, carry out solid solution again, solid solubility temperature is 945 DEG C, temperature retention time is 150 minutes.
Extra heavy pipe base through a forging is put into annular continuous-type furnace again heat, extra heavy pipe base is heated to 600 DEG C (this temperature is the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base in forging process), then the footpath of the 1800KN many tups forging mode of forging machine based on compression is adopted to forge the extra heavy pipe base after heating, and the forging frequency controlling precise forging machine is 180 beats/min, then air cooling is to room temperature, carry out solid solution again, the holding temperature of solid solution process is 945 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 150 minutes.
Tubing the finished product tubing A3 that concerned process steps obtains required size specification such as to grind outward through interior boring again.
A3 is carried out the test of composition, specification and various performance, result is as shown in table 1-3.
Comparative example 1
Produce heavy caliber thick wall tubing according to the method for embodiment 3, difference is, in many fire time pulling operation of a forging process, last two fiery heating-up temperatures are 1180 DEG C, obtain the finished product tubing D1 of required size specification.
D1 is carried out the test of composition, specification and various performance, result is as shown in table 1-3.
Comparative example 2
Produce heavy caliber thick wall tubing according to the method for embodiment 3, difference is, in the forging process of secondary forging process, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 1000 DEG C, obtains the finished product tubing D2 of required size specification.
D2 is carried out the test of composition, specification and various performance, result is as shown in table 1-3.
Table 1 (chemical composition wt (%))
Table 2 (non-metallic inclusion)
|
A is thick |
A is thin |
B is thick |
B is thin |
C is thick |
C is thin |
D is thick |
D is thin |
Ds |
A1 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
A2 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
A3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
D1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
D2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Standard |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤2.0 |
≤1.0 |
Table 3
Result according to embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 can be found out, the tubing adopting aforementioned production method of the present invention to obtain has good Tissue distribution, grain size can reach more than 4 grades, external diameter can reach more than 750mm, wall thickness can reach 40mm with first-class, can meet the designing requirement of the process pipe of Refining Chemical Industry completely.