CN104541852B - Cultural method of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging - Google Patents
Cultural method of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging Download PDFInfo
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- CN104541852B CN104541852B CN201410745112.XA CN201410745112A CN104541852B CN 104541852 B CN104541852 B CN 104541852B CN 201410745112 A CN201410745112 A CN 201410745112A CN 104541852 B CN104541852 B CN 104541852B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GRNCTJVYPJXPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyphenol;sodium Chemical compound [Na].COC1=CC=CC=C1O GRNCTJVYPJXPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-butyric acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical group C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000646357 Monopterus cuchia Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000292 Gouania lupuloides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000299452 Gouania lupuloides Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001105824 Pangio anguillaris Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009340 sequential cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Cultural method of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging, comprises the following steps:(1)Site preparation:Excavate some gullies in conventional rice field, the 35cm of ditch depth 20, the 55cm of furrow width 30, during ditching, promoting root growth nursery fertilizer is constantly admixed in the soil of excavation and forms fertile mud, fertile mud is laterally accumulated to the spacing between ditch and ditch and forms the long ridge, long wide 15 30m in the ridge;(2)Plantation:Plantation is suitably adjusted according to different cultivars density on the long ridge;(3)Irrigate:After rice transplanting, poured water into gully, deep water seedling-protection 23 days after rice transplanting, the 37cm of the depth of water 22 in gully;Period of seedling establishment and tillering stage, the 32cm of the depth of water 18 in gully;The beginning of July dry field 7 10 days, mid-term diving intermittent irrigation;Heading stage, 16 29cm in gully;Qi Suihou interval dry and wets;Stage of yellow ripeness recession water.(4)Harvest:After maturation, harvesting, threshing, be finally put in storage.The present invention has the characteristics that volume increase height, without lodging, good grain quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of Super High Yielding Rice without lodging.
Background technology
China is a populous nation, is supported with to account for the cultivated area in the world 7% and accounts for the population in the world 21%.At present, agriculture
Contribution rate of the industry science and technology in Chinese agriculture volume increase is about 35%, and agriculture developed country is more than 60% in the world.Chinese Government is
Prospered the agriculture with science and education strategy it is determined that simultaneously making great efforts implementation, strive progressively reducing China with World Developed Countries in field of agricultural science and technology
Gap, scientific and technological progress was set to bring up to 50% to the contribution rate of agricultural by 2000, it is horizontal to the year two thousand thirty close to World Developed Countries.
This is the enormous motivation that Grain Production in China reaches a new level.
Rice is one of most important cereal crops in China, and the sown area of China's rice accounts for the cereal crops gross area
1/4, yield accounts for the 1/2 of national total output of grain, and more than half is accounted in commodity food.Producing region is throughout all parts of the country.China is
Rice makees one of country with the longest history, that rice genetic resource is most abundant.Raising rice yield, improved technology have been the bases in China
This state basic policy.
The content of the invention
Present invention offer is a kind of without lodging, drought-enduring cultural method of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging cold-resistant, yield is high, with solution
The technical problems such as not drought-enduring cold-resistant, the easy lodging of certainly existing rice.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:Cultivation side of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging
Method, comprise the following steps:
(1)Site preparation:Excavate some gullies in conventional rice field, ditch depth 20-35cm, furrow width 30-55cm, during ditching,
Promoting root growth nursery fertilizer is constantly admixed in the soil of excavation and forms fertile mud, fertile mud is laterally accumulated to the spacing between ditch and ditch and formed
The long ridge, the long wide 15-30m in the ridge;
(2)Plantation:After rice shoot is cultivated first, seedling is inserted on the long ridge, every square metre is inserted 4-8 plants, according to different cultivars
Density suitably adjusts plantation on the long ridge;
(3)Irrigate:After rice transplanting, poured water into gully, deep water seedling-protection 2-3 days after rice transplanting, depth of water 22-37cm in gully;
Period of seedling establishment and tillering stage, depth of water 18-32cm in gully;The beginning of July dry field 7-10 days, mid-term diving intermittent irrigation;Heading stage, ditch
16-29cm in gully;Qi Suihou interval dry and wets;Stage of yellow ripeness recession water.
(4)Harvest:After maturation, harvesting, threshing, be finally put in storage.
Preferably, promoting root growth nursery fertilizer into being grouped into:Nitrogenous fertilizer 300-500 parts, phosphate fertilizer 200-400 parts, potassium
Fertile 200-400 parts, zinc sulfate 2-4 parts, manganese sulfate 1-5 parts, humic acid(HA)31 parts -38 parts, 9 parts -12 parts of phosphorus element activator,
Mono-nitration guaiacol sodium salt 0.1-0.3 parts, α-methyl α-naphthyl acetate and its derivative 1-2 parts, indolebutyric acid and its derivative 1-3 parts
And imidacloprid aqueous suspension agent 1-3 parts.
The present invention has the characteristics that volume increase height, without lodging, good grain quality.Cultural method yield of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging
Height, at least higher 150kg than general rice terrace rice cultivation average yield per mu, using the long ridge technology of ditch, ventilation, light transmission are good, row
Water, irrigation, dry field, weeding are convenient, and pest and disease damage is largely reduced, and grain largely reduces the residual of agricultural chemicals.It can also be covered in ditch and support Huang
Eel loach, increase land use area.Market capacity of the present invention is big, and prospect is extensive, has great market value and social valency
Value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial view in full section of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the technical scheme of invention is described in further detail.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1,2, the step of cultural method of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging:
(1)Site preparation:Some gullies, 1 deep 20-35cm of ditch, 1 wide 30-55cm of ditch, ditching are excavated in conventional rice field
When, promoting root growth nursery fertilizer is constantly admixed in the soil of excavation and forms fertile mud, fertile mud is laterally accumulated into the spacing between ditch and ditch
Form the long ridge, the long wide 15-30m in the ridge.
Promoting root growth nursery fertilizer into being grouped into:Nitrogenous fertilizer 300-500 parts(100 grams every part), phosphate fertilizer 200-400 parts, potash fertilizer
200-400 parts, zinc sulfate 2-4 parts, manganese sulfate 1-5 parts, humic acid(HA)31 parts -38 parts, it is 9 parts -12 parts of phosphorus element activator, single
Nitrify guaiacol sodium salt 0.1-0.3 parts, α-methyl α-naphthyl acetate and its derivative 1-2 parts, indolebutyric acid and its derivative 1-3 parts and
Imidacloprid aqueous suspension agent 1-3 parts.Mono-nitration guaiacol sodium salt, α-methyl α-naphthyl acetate and its derivative, indolebutyric acid and its derivative
Promote the growth of root, the disease pest in soil is killed in imidacloprid aqueous suspension agent, and phosphorus element activator can effectively improve Phosphorus in Soil
Utilization rate, Phosphorus fertilizer usage is reduced, improve soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping and permeability, good soil ring is created for plant growth
Border.Improve the physicochemical property of soil, promote soil microbial activities, eliminate the hardened of soil, promote the recovery of crumb structure, carry
The fertility and sustainability of high soil, additionally it is possible to the trace element in activating soil.
(2)Plantation:After rice shoot is cultivated first, seedling is inserted on the long ridge 2, every square metre is inserted 4-8 plants, according to different product
Kind density suitably adjusts plantation on the long ridge 2.New root easily grows, and root tissue ventilation is good, and oxygen needed for conveying breathing is sufficient,
Root secretes the reinforcement of oxygen ability, the soil of surrounding is formed an oxidation circle into the state of oxidation;To the physiological function vitality of root and suction
Receipts ability is greatly improved, so xanthorrhiza and black root can greatly reduce, if general paddy field, these white roots after a while will
There is xanthorrhiza, because general paddy field aeration is not strong, root secretes the decline of oxygen ability, aoxidizes range shorter, and root absorbability subtracts significantly
It is weak, in this case, black root can be produced, because oxygen deficiency in soil, ferrous iron is more, while can produce hydrogen sulfide etc. one
Serial harmful substance, when hydrogen sulfide and ferrous iron are combined, ferrous sulfide is just generated, the surface of root is deposited in, becomes root
Into black, the physiological function of root is further failed, and last rice root is poisoned to death.
Rice transplanting would not cause such phenomenon on the long ridge, because soil layer increases into stereo structure, soil aeration situation is good
The generation of black root can largely be reduced well, on the long ridge insert rice at whole growth periods than general paddy field insert rice root carefully more three times with
On, the particularly white sturdy length of root is very intensive, and root bundle is very deep in soil layer, Gu native ability is very strong, the solid anti-strong wind of rice stalk,
Heavy rain ability is superpower, and this is also one of major reason of rice non-lodging.Inventor did multiple pull test, with 150 jin
Above power could pull-up.Only need more than 15 jin power just can pull-up in general rice terrace.
(3)Pour water:After rice transplanting, poured water into gully, deep water seedling-protection 2-3 days after rice transplanting, depth of water 22-37cm in gully;
Period of seedling establishment and tillering stage, depth of water 18-32cm in gully;The beginning of July dry field 7-10 days, mid-term diving intermittent irrigation;Heading stage, ditch
16-29cm in gully;Qi Suihou interval dry and wets;Stage of yellow ripeness recession water.
(4)Harvest:After maturation, harvesting, threshing, be finally put in storage.
The present invention can also use ditched ridge machine, rice transplanter, Insecticide sprayer, granular harvesting machine operation with manual work.
There are 38 kinds in rice terrace kind, be divided into:Precocity, in ripe, late-maturing, long-grained nonglutinous rice, long ridge rice, glutinous rice, hybrid paddy rice and often
Rice is advised, there is height of short stem(50—70cm), middle bar(90—120cm)High bar(140—170cm), there are 120 days or 180 breeding time
My god, these kinds all do not lodge, and the kind also having also did not lodged more than 200 days.
Comparative example:The rice terrace of the inventive method cultivation is planted for each 5 mu with general rice terrace using identical implantation methods.
The rice terrace result of the test of the inventive method cultivation:Every square metre 4 plants, every plant of more than 300g, every square metre
1.20-1.30kg, no lodging, 800-867kg of per unit area yield;Every square metre 6 plants, every plant of more than 337g, every square metre 1.35-
1.40kg, no lodging, 900-930kg of per unit area yield;Every square metre 8 plants, every plant of more than 150g, every square metre 1.2-1.3 kg, nothing
Lodging, 800-867kg of per unit area yield.
General rice terrace result of the test:Every square metre 4 plants, every plant of more than 225g, every square metre of 0.90-1.01kg, lodging
Rate 15.2%, 600-670kg of per unit area yield;Every square metre 6 plants, every plant of more than 160g, every square metre of 0.97-1.05kg, lodging rate
17.9%.650-700kg of per unit area yield;Every square metre 8 plants, every plant of more than 116g, every square metre of 0.93-0.99kg, lodging rate
19.8%, 620-660kg of per unit area yield.
The present invention contrasts the general at least high 150kg of rice terrace rice cultivation average yield per mu, and economic value increases 400 yuan.Rice field
Ventilation, printing opacity, pest and disease damage are largely reduced, and weeding irrigation and drainage dry field is convenient, are reduced 100 yuan every mu of means of agricultural production cost, are largely reduced grain
The residual of agricultural chemicals.Controllable time growth period duration of rice is long or short, while the mass dryness fraction of controllable rice is less than 16%, can exempt from solarization and put in storage,
Only processing this just reduces by 100 yuan of every mu of labor cost.50 yuan of every mu of seed can be saved, rice milling yield improves 3%, economy
100 yuan of value increase.Ratooning rice is begun sowing in good time rice transplanting, can receive every mu of 200kg of second season rice, and income increases by 1200 yuan.It is long
Rape per mu yield 200kg rapes can be planted on the ridge, income increases by 800 yuan.Foster swamp eel loach etc. can be covered in ditch, this
Income up to every mu more than 1000 yuan, particularly swamp eel loach have ditch, have the long ridge, have water, have it is most suitable under conditions of food
Breeding is closed, this is income again.Every mu can increase by 3000-4000 yuan of income above.Can large area use mechanization of agriculture, small
Block field is changed into large area field.Because having ditch, having the long ridge, seedling is inserted on the long ridge, and field a little injustice has no relations.
It should finally be noted above embodiment is only the more representational example of the present invention.Obviously, the present invention not
It is limited to above-mentioned embodiment, there can also be many deformations.Every technical spirit according to the present invention is embodied to more than
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification that mode is made, it is considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. cultural method of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging, comprises the following steps:
(1)Site preparation:Excavate some gullies in conventional rice field, ditch depth 20-35cm, furrow width 30-55cm, during ditching, will promote
Root nursery fertilizer, which is constantly admixed in the soil of excavation, forms fertile mud, and fertile mud is laterally accumulated to the spacing between ditch and ditch and forms length
The ridge, the long wide 15-30m in the ridge;
(2)Plantation:After rice shoot is cultivated first, seedling is inserted on the long ridge, every square metre slotting 4-8 plants, close according to different cultivars
The appropriate adjustment plantation of degree is on the long ridge;
(3)Irrigate:After rice transplanting, poured water into gully, deep water seedling-protection 2-3 days after rice transplanting, depth of water 22-37cm in gully;Return
Blue or green phase and tillering stage, depth of water 18-32cm in gully;The beginning of July dry field 7-10 days, mid-term diving intermittent irrigation;Heading stage, ditch
16-29cm in gully;Qi Suihou interval dry and wets;Stage of yellow ripeness recession water;
(4)Harvest:After maturation, harvesting, threshing, be finally put in storage;
Promoting root growth nursery fertilizer into being grouped into:Nitrogenous fertilizer 300-500 parts, phosphate fertilizer 200-400 parts, potash fertilizer 200-400
Part, zinc sulfate 2-4 parts, manganese sulfate 1-5 parts, humic acid(HA)31 parts -38 parts, 9 parts -12 parts of phosphorus element activator, single nitre
Change guaiacol sodium salt 0.1-0.3 parts, α-methyl α-naphthyl acetate and its derivative 1-2 parts, indolebutyric acid and its derivative 1-3 parts and
Imidacloprid aqueous suspension agent 1-3 parts.
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CN104956805A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-07 | 唐良 | Efficient paddy field |
CN107950328B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 韦守国 | Method for weeding without using pesticide and cultivating weeds in rice field |
CN109206242A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 华中农业大学 | It is a kind of based on rice-ratooning rice ratooning rice fertilizer and preparation method |
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