CN104536138B - Slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich - Google Patents
Slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich Download PDFInfo
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- CN104536138B CN104536138B CN201510036545.2A CN201510036545A CN104536138B CN 104536138 B CN104536138 B CN 104536138B CN 201510036545 A CN201510036545 A CN 201510036545A CN 104536138 B CN104536138 B CN 104536138B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich, including image display light source, collimation lens set, coupling-in face, slab guide substrate, sawtooth slot structure and 1/2nd beam-splitting structures.Wherein image display light source is used to send the display light wave for showing required image, collimating lens are for collimating to light source light wave, collimated light waves are then coupled into slab guide by coupling-in face, light wave of the slab guide substrate then to being coupled into carries out total reflection propagation, sawtooth slot structure is used for visual field and extends and light wave coupling output substrate, / 2nd beam-splitting structures are used for being uniformly distributed for light, improve the brightness uniformity of image.The present invention have brightness of image is uniform, structure is frivolous, the angle of visual field is easily enlarged, processing technique is simple, it is with low cost the characteristics of, can be used not only for wearable display, it may also be used for training simulation, bore hole 3D show, search the numerous areas such as the true display of positioning in real time at scene.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to a kind of planar waveguide optical display device, particularly a kind of to can be used for full eye and penetrate display
Slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich.
Background technology
For display optical system is worn, in order to embody the effect of augmented reality, typically will using optical element
What image information was virtual is displayed in front of human eye at a certain distance, makes wearer that week is observed that while information is browsed
The change of scenery is enclosed, so as to not affect normally performed activity mode.For the wearable display optical system of this augmented reality type, in order to
Enable wearer timely to obtain full detail from display light source, usually require that display system has that visual field is big, structure
The characteristics of brightness of image is uniform in frivolous, field range.And it is traditional wear display system be based on 45 reflective structures or from
Axle optical texture is realizing.These structures have very big contradiction in terms of the overall weight of visual field increase and the helmet.Example
45 reflective structure display systems are such as based on, in order to increase visual field, are realized only by the area of 45 reflectings surface of increase, this
Mean that the weight of integral display system increases, be unfavorable for the application system of light and flexible.
For this purpose, brightness uniformity, visual field is big, compact conformation, frivolous, and high-resolution image shows and is always such light
System key issue urgently to be resolved hurrily.Wherein the uniformity of compact, frivolous, the big visual field of display system and brightness of image is particularly
It is important.In some applications, the size of the uniform observation field range of brightness of image directly influences the peace of observer
Integrity that is complete and obtaining information, while the overall weight of display system has a great impact to the comfort level of wearer.
In order to solve display image brightness irregularities in tradition wearing display optical system, visual field is little and manufacturing process is multiple
The series of problems for bringing such as miscellaneous, the present invention devise a kind of slab guide binocular optical display with sawtooth sandwich
Part.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of slab guide binocular optical with sawtooth sandwich is aobvious
Show device.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich, it is characterised in that：Include successively：Figure
As display light source, for sending the display light wave for showing required image；Collimating lens, collimate to the light wave that light source sends；
Collimated light waves are coupled into slab guide by coupling-in face；Slab guide substrate, the light wave to being coupled into reflect
Propagate and form total reflection light wave；Sawtooth slot structure, extends for visual field and light wave coupling output substrate；/ 2nd light splitting are tied
Structure, for being distributed uniform light, improves the brightness uniformity of image.Wherein, collimation lens set be located at image display light source and
Between slab guide substrate, two with sawtooth slot structure slab guide substrates coupling-in face it is symmetrical be glued at one
Rise, the central authorities of symmetrical structure of the display light source after gluing.The present invention mainly using light splitting technology in repeatedly, it is micro-nano plus
Work technology, total reflection principle and micro- toothed surface primary event image-forming principle are realizing.From the light Jing of image display light source
Coupling-in face is incided after crossing collimating lens collimation, Jing is refracted in slab guide substrate.Light is changed using prism
The principle of the direction of propagation, the condition for making light to meet total reflection are propagated in slab guide.Using 1/2nd beam-splitting structures,
Transmit the light in slab guide substrate while dividing equally, reach after repeatedly dividing equally and evenly distribute.Light is in plane
It is transferred in optical waveguide substrates without loss after needing the position of display output, as sawtooth slot structure is located at the position of display output
Put, total reflection transmission conditions of the light in slab guide have been broken in the presence of the structure, the flank of tooth is inclined through tooth-shape structure
Primary event is imaged, and makes light wave coupling output to outside slab guide, hence in the visual field to observer.And from scape around
The light of thing, enters directly into human eye through the reflection of slab guide substrate upper and lower surface and sawtooth slot structure, so as to realize
Observe while image information and surrounding scenes.
The slab guide binocular optical display device that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：Coupling-in face has
The outer surface spin coating that evaporation has corresponding multi-layered antireflection coating, coupling-in face in effect clear aperture has corresponding reflectance coating, sawtooth
The outer surface spin coating of structure has reflectance coating.
The slab guide binocular optical display device that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：With sawtooth interlayer
Slab guide substrate is by nested by sawtooth bonding with two planar substrates of depression broached-tooth design with protrusion broached-tooth design
Together, and between the two planar substrates there is beam-splitting structure.
The slab guide binocular optical display device that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：The tooth of sawtooth slot structure
Shape surface needs to be worked into minute surface（Surface roughness RaAnswer the wavelength dimension of imaging, such as 10-20nm）Effect, and single saw
The length of tooth unit should be greater than an optical wavelength.
The slab guide binocular optical display device that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：Slab guide substrate
The roughness of upper and lower two parallel surfaces, the depth of parallelism and flatness must all are fulfilled for the requirement of basic optical processing.
The slab guide binocular optical display device that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：The saw of sawtooth slot structure
Two inclined-planes of tooth unit and the angle β of horizontal plane-c1With β-c2Between meet following relations：
β-c2=90 ° of-β-c1。
The slab guide binocular optical display device that the present invention is provided, also has the feature that：Axial principal ray is in waveguide
Following relations are met between the displacement L1 and the total length L 2 of broached-tooth design of one backhaul reflection of upper and lower surface：
L1 ≥ L2。
Compared with existing imaging system, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Brightness of image is uniform, structure is frivolous, the angle of visual field
It is easily enlarged, processing technique is simple, with low cost.These beneficial effects cause of the invention with traditional 45 reflective display system phase
Than the contrast of image is improved, and the volume and weight of imaging system is reduced.Under identical volume, light of the present invention
The visual field of system is bigger, and evenly, manufacturing process is more simple, cost is lower, structure is also tighter for the brightness of output image
Gather compact.Optical system of the present invention can be used not only for wearable display, it may also be used for training simulation, bore hole 3D show in real time at scene
Show, search the numerous areas such as the true display of positioning.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich；
Fig. 2 is that the light of traditional periscopic optical presentation system propagates schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the slab guide substrate of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich shows
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is that the broached-tooth design of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the spin coating schematic diagram of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich；
Fig. 6 is that the light of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich propagates signal
Figure；
Fig. 7 is that the symmetrical coupled of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 8 is that the unidirectional couplings of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich are illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 9 is that central authorities' coupling of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure；
Figure 10 is that the structural parameters of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich are illustrated
Figure；And
Figure 11 is that the integrated application of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The specific work process of the present invention is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, the system composition of optical display device of the present invention includes：Image display light source 10, collimation lens set 11, coupling-in face 12,
Slab guide substrate 13, sawtooth slot structure 14,1/2nd beam-splitting structures 15.Light from image display light source 10 is through accurate
Incide coupling-in face 12 after the collimation of straight lens group 11, coupled face is reflected in slab guide substrate 13.Light
After line is transferred to the position for needing display output in slab guide substrate without loss, show as sawtooth slot structure 14 is located at
Total reflection transmission conditions of the light in slab guide have been broken in the position of output, the presence of the structure, make light wave couple output
To outside slab guide, hence in the visual field to observer.In addition when light is propagated in the waveguide, due to 1/2nd points
The presence of photo structure 15, transmits the light in slab guide substrate and divides equally, and reaches uniform after repeatedly dividing equally
Distribution, so as to improve the brightness uniformity of output image.
The basic structure of planar waveguide optical device of the present invention is made up of six parts, for concrete application can be to the present invention's
Ingredient is extended accordingly, so as to further improve potentiality of the system in terms of concrete application.Below for the present invention
Corresponding illustrative explanation is given in the effect of six parts：
The main image information provided for observing in display application system is worn of image display light source 10, therefore to figure
As the size of display light source has certain requirement, the light use wearable device otherwise by wearer is unfavorable for.Current main flow
The micro-dimension image display light source that can be used to dress display has LCD, OLED, Lcos etc..Different Display Techniques is corresponding to difference
Display require.Overall structure in order to cause display system tends to miniaturization in volume, and considers that light source is respectively lighted
The factors such as the restriction of uniformity, output light efficiency and brightness requirement and resolution and size of degree, generally select volume suitable, bright
Spend the display light source of the light source as micro display system of uniform, high resolution, such as Lcos.Set to meet optical design and membrane system
Meter etc. is required, it will usually the biasing mating plate before the display light source, for changing the polarization state of the light wave from display system.But this
By the decrease significantly of the overall light efficiency caused into waveguide display systems.But, the light efficiency of liquid crystal on silicon Lcos is sufficient for phase
The application requirement answered.
Collimation lens set 11 is mainly collimated to the light wave that image display light source sends.Show using in wearing,
Used as final image information receiver, needs are collimated to the light wave from image freely loosens sight to reach human eye to human eye
The actual requirement seen, otherwise will damage to human eye, affect normal vision.Human eye is allowed easily to check information in order to reach
Requirement, typically the light wave that display light source sends is collimated using optical lenses, but depositing due to optical aberration
Image has the aberrations such as astigmatism, distortion, the curvature of field, coma after lens, causes the contrast of image seriously to reduce.For
This needs to carry out strict aberration correction according to application requirement for collimating lens, to reaching preferable imaging effect, otherwise
The final resolution of optical system will be affected so that human eye cannot watch clearly image information.Due to common coquille
When aberration is corrected, it is desirable to have the lens combination of different materials and radius of curvature is formed, and this can make the weight and body of whole system
Product increase.Therefore generally adopt aspherical mirror and coquille combination to complete the correction of aberration, due to single aspherical mirror
Some requirements in correction aberration, so as to the overall structure and weight to system brings benefit.As contemporary optics processes skill
The development of art, free form surface technology are also applied in aberration correction, therefore can realize optical system with reference to free form surface technology
The requirement of system miniaturization.
Coupling-in face 12 is changing the direction of propagation of light using the principle of direct reflection using prism.Carry out auto-collimation
After the light of system incides coupling-in face 12, Jing input faces are reflected in slab guide substrate.As a result of
Inclined-plane is coupling to light wave so as to enters substrate, can effectively avoid the reflected light occurred due to the presence of aberration
Line is to original image as the impact of matter.Generally for the coupling input efficiency for further improving light wave, can be in coupling-in face 12
Effective clear aperture in the corresponding multi-layered antireflection coating of evaporation, to improve the coupling input efficiency of light wave.Additionally by coupling
The corresponding reflectance coating of outer surface spin coating of input face can further improve the light-wave energy for entering into optical waveguide substrates.
The rapidoprint of slab guide substrate 13 has many kinds, such as glass material JGS1, JGS2, K9, BK7 etc., plastics material
Material has PET, PMMA etc..Due to refractive index, the abbe number difference of every kind of material, cause the transmission of the cirtical angle of total reflection, material
Rate, absorptance and vary in weight.In view of the restriction of practical application condition and processing technique, needs enter according to specific requirement
Row is selected.Need to meet the condition of total reflection when light wave is propagated in the substrate, to ensure that light does not reflect substrate, while should
Absorption of the material to light-wave energy itself is reduced as far as possible, and substantial amounts of light-wave energy can otherwise lost and shadow in transmitting procedure
Ring the visibility of image.Planar substrate material limits the scope of the image for transmitting in the substrate in itself in addition, in order to expand biography
The scope of defeated image, generally plates the film layer of certain reflectance or the Luciola vitticollis from high index of refraction as desired in substrate surface
Glass material, gives certain extension to the angle of total reflection of material.For this purpose, the material of slab guide substrate is generally selected possesses conjunction
The optical material of suitable refractive index, transmitance and mechanical performance, such as plastics acrylic PMMA.And plastics acrylic PMMA（nd=
1.49）The cirtical angle of total reflection be 42.2, higher than general K9 glass（nd=1.52）The cirtical angle of total reflection 41.8, in addition
The lighter in weight of PMMA, for the K9 glass and PMMA plastics of equal volume, the weight of PMMA is the half of K9 glass, this excellent
Gesture can be used to mitigate the weight that wearing shows application apparatus.
Sawtooth slot structure 14 is used for the extension for realizing visual field and by light wave coupling output to outside substrate.Light wave is in plane wave
Reach sawtooth slot structure 14 after a certain distance is transmitted in conductive substrate, the outer surface spin coating of the sawtooth film layer of certain reflectance,
So that light occurs reflection, original transmission direction is deviate from, make the energy of a part reflect substrate, reflect substrate
Light enter into.As the presence of sawtooth slot structure can be such that whole toothed surfaces all realize
Reflection to light, the light through reflecting can cover the most surfaces of substrate, it is achieved thereby that the expansion of observer visual field
Exhibition, the i.e. extension of emergent pupil.But tooth-shape structure Surface Machining needs to reach minute surface（Surface roughness RaShould be less than the ripple of imaging
Long size, such as 10-20nm）Effect, otherwise as irreflexive presence reduces can the definition of image, serious will cause
The image information for needing to show is not observed.Generally tooth-shape structure realizes that using methods such as injection, diamond cuts these are processed
The corresponding surface roughness of technique can meet requirement.
/ 2nd beam-splitting structures 15 are used to be distributed uniform light, improve the brightness uniformity of image.Using once sawing
During tooth catoptric imaging, light can couple at broached-tooth design output substrate imaging beam energy be 50%, but this 50% it is defeated
The distribution for going out energy in substrate surface is very uneven, when causing to observe image, occurs the uneven situation of light and shade, serious shadow in image planes
Ring the comfort of observation.In order to avoid the appearance of this phenomenon, the spectro-film that can entreat spin coating certain in the substrate, passing light
Light splitting is formed during defeated, so as to reach during sawtooth slot structure, light-wave energy, can be made by equably coupling output to outside substrate
Obtain when the diverse location of coupling-out face is observed, the light and shade of image is homogeneous, improves the image planes brightness uniformity of image.
The job step and example of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich should
With：
Fig. 2 is that the light of traditional periscopic optical presentation system propagates schematic diagram.As shown in Fig. 2 traditional periscopic light
Display system is learned mainly by coupling-in face Surf-input, optical waveguide substrates upper and lower surface Surf1 being parallel to each other and Surf2
And coupling-out face Surf-output compositions.In order to ensure to couple the direction in space of input light and couple output light
Direction in space is identical, and each parameter of display system need to meet some requirements, as follows：
β-145°=45°
Wherein, β-145°For coupling-in face Surf-input and the angle of substrate lower surface Surf2.
β-245°=45°
Wherein, β-245°For coupling-out face Surf-output and the angle of substrate top surface Surf1.
After substrate is entered from the light beam 20 of the same object point of display light source, through the anti-of coupling-in face Surf-input
Penetrate, make light 20 and the angle of substrate top surface normal be more than the cirtical angle of total reflection, so as to continue to pass without loss in the substrate
It is defeated.Light beam is in the substrate through being transferred to up to coupling-out face Surf-output, through the reflection of coupling-out face, a part of
Light reflects substrate according to the requirement of optical design and forms imaging beam 21, and a part of light reflects optical waveguide substrates and formed
Imaging beam 22.Although light beam 21 and light beam 22 are by producing after the light beam Jing catadioptrics of same object point, pass through
The reflection of output face, the direction in space of light beam 21 and 22 occur in symmetrical fashion, become the light that two, space object point sends,
Cause the appearance of ghost, affect the definition of original image.Furthermore in order to expand observation visual field, need the thickness by increasing substrate
Spend H-45 to realize, the overall weight for causing display system is increased by this, is needed for this using new visual field expansion structure mode
To mitigate the weight of system.
Fig. 3 is that the slab guide substrate of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich shows
It is intended to.In order that image information can be exported in set position, it is necessary to borrow corresponding optical waveguide substrates to realize the biography of light wave
Broadcast.As shown in figure 3, the slab guide substrate with sawtooth sandwich is divided into two parts of part1 and part2.Wherein part1
Part is made up of two upper and lower surfaces 30 and 31 being parallel to each other and protrusion broached-tooth design 32, and two surfaces being parallel to each other are main
The outgoing position for showing is needed for making light wave be transferred to without loss.Part2 parts are by two upper and lower surfaces being parallel to each other
33 and 34 and depression broached-tooth design 35 constitute.For the ease of the bonding of part1 and part2 broached-tooth designs, nested shape is employed
Shape, so as to avoid the difficulty of gluing.For two surface up and down of slab guide substrate, its roughness, the depth of parallelism and plane
Degree etc. aspect must be fulfilled for basic optical processing requirement, otherwise can due to light in the substrate cannot according to direct reflection wanting
Transmission is asked, causes the resolution angle of angle more than human eye after output substrate of the light beam from same object point, so that
Occur ghost image when human eye is directly observed, reduce the definition and contrast of image.Furthermore broached-tooth design is in the output of light
Play a key effect, minute surface requirement must is fulfilled for its processing, so just can guarantee that the definition of image will not be reduced.
Fig. 4 is that the broached-tooth design of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure.In the present invention, the extension of the image level angle of visual field and the coupling of image export quantity and saw mainly by means of broached-tooth design
The direct reflection principle of toothing is realizing.As shown in figure 4, broached-tooth design is the ultraphotic slideway being mutually inclined by two
Mirror-b and Mirror-s compositions, inclined-plane Mirror-s mainly completes the change of opticpath makes which be coupled out waveguide,
Mirror-b mainly make light according to original path continue propagate, in order to avoid due between Mirror-b and Mirror-s away from
And the diffraction effect that cause too small from Length, the length of usual Length should be greater than a wavelength, otherwise due to diffraction effect
Presence the definition for causing original image is reduced.In order to realize light propagation path deflection and original path after
Continuous, in figure, each parameters relationship should be：
Length = sin(β-c1)/h + sin(β-c2)/h
Wherein β-c1And β-c2The angle of respectively inclined-plane Mirror-s and Mirror-b and horizontal plane, height of the h for sawtooth
Degree.Due to β-c1And β-c2Presence, the height h of sawtooth should not be excessive, otherwise will cause inclined-plane Mirror-s and Mirror-b
Boundary cannot form the angle of needs, the final requirement for affecting optical design.
For the extension at horizontal field of view angle, mainly by means of broached-tooth design quantity realizing, its basic process is：Due to
The appearance of extended field of view structure, can make light line reflection be become the reflection of multiple reflectings surface by single reflecting surface, so will increase
The area of optics emergent pupil, by the area for increasing emergent pupil, it is possible to achieve the increase of range of observation.In order to realize horizontal field of view
The extension at angle, for the roughness of broached-tooth design inclined plane has strict requirements, that is, has to comply with corresponding minute surface requirement, together
When broached-tooth design inclination angle precision have to comply with the requirement of design, ghost will otherwise occurs.
Fig. 5 is the spin coating schematic diagram of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich.For
The broached-tooth design is enable to change the transmission path of light in slab guide substrate and output light can be allow uniformly to cover
Substrate surface, needs using beam-splitting structure and has the film layer of certain refractive index to realize in broached-tooth design outer surface spin coating.
As the broached-tooth design of slab guide substrate is made up of two mutually nested sawtooth, therefore only need in slab guide substrate
In non-serrated portion according to design need the corresponding film of spin coating.By the film layer of the certain refractive index of spin coating, can make
Light realizes dividing equally for energy during being transferred to tooth-shape structure in the substrate, so can ensure that uniform point of output light
Match somebody with somebody.As reflection due to sawtooth with substrate to light is required, therefore device so can will be made with the film layer of the same refractive index of spin coating
Processing be more convenient it is feasible.Slab guide substrate is formed using PMMA materials processings in addition, must be examined when film layer is deposited with
Consider the impact that heating is brought in itself to material, therefore traditional thermal evaporation coating process should not be adopted to be deposited with, need using cold
The mode of plating is carried out.Emerging ion plating technique can solve this problem well.Although the film layer that ion plating is processed is not
As thermal evaporation when it is firm, but due to film layer be located at material between, firmness will not be affected by the ambient.
Fig. 6 is that the light of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich propagates signal
Figure.Light 60 from image display light source object point, is entered through the reflection of coupling-in face vertically into coupling-in face
To in slab guide substrate, collide with beam-splitting structure Split-Beam first, light now occurs catadioptric, 50% light 62
Original route propagation is pressed in continuation, and 50% light is reflected to form light 61, light and so on beam splitting so that energy reaches respectively
State.After colliding with broached-tooth design inclined-plane, as broached-tooth design inclined-plane has the film layer of certain reflectance, from light
There is catadioptric in the beam splitting light 63 in 61 directions at serrated face, make part energy be coupled out substrate first.Residual ray
Continue to propagate according to original route；Light beam 64 from 62 direction of light is subsequently gone out substrate by sawtooth slant reflection.Due to light 63
It is respectively 50% with 64 energy for carrying, will so makes the distribution of energy by original independent 50% distribution, be divided into 25%, and divide
The position of cloth is also different from original, energy will so evenly distributed in coupling-out face, is so made from same repeatedly
Propagated of the light of object point according to above-mentioned design, realizes that image information moves to another position from a position.It is logical
The coupling output of broached-tooth design is crossed, remaining light 65 and 66 may proceed to transmit in optical waveguide substrates.In order to eliminate these light
Impact to observing image slices matter, can eliminate these shadows in the certain material of the left side spin coating of optical waveguide substrates such as delustring paint
Ring.
Fig. 7 is that the symmetrical coupled of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure.In order that optics can be applied to Binocular displays, it is necessary to consider that the topology layout of device.As shown in fig. 7, employing
The structure of symmetrical coupled employs two completely identical in structure devices realizing Binocular displays, and symmetrical carrying out is binded.Its
Groundwork process is：From the light propagation in respective slab guide substrate respectively of display light source 70 and 71, respective
Broached-tooth design 72 and 73 at be coupled out respective substrate, enter in the visual field 75 of observer.Two symmetrical structures exist
Gluing is carried out using ultraviolet glue at 74 positions.The Binocular displays optics of this structure, as a result of two display light sources,
So that the structure of entirety is heavier, it is unfavorable for that wearing shows.
Fig. 8 is that the unidirectional couplings of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich are illustrated
Figure.As shown in figure 8, employing the structure of the Binocular displays of single display light source, two broached-tooth designs therein are employed once
Molding, its groundwork process is：Light from display light source 80 is propagated in slab guide substrate 81, is arrived first at
The broached-tooth design on the right side, now the light of part be coupled outside place's substrate, and another part light then continues to carry out in the substrate
Transmission, and then the broached-tooth design on the left side is reached, then it is coupled out substrate, the light being so coupled out via left and right broached-tooth design
To have respectively entered in the visual field 82 of observer.As light has had major part to be coupled out lining at the broached-tooth design on the right side
Bottom, therefore reach the light meeting at second broached-tooth design seldom, the light being so coupled out by second broached-tooth design will
Less so that the brightness of two images being visually observed is different, the sensation of discomfort is brought to observer.
Fig. 9 is that central authorities' coupling of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure.In order that the brightness uniformity of left images, Fig. 9 employs new Binocular displays structure, that is, employs two structure identicals
Device so as to which coupling-in face symmetrically get up by gluing, display light source are located at the central authorities of symmetrical structure, its groundwork process
For：The light that display light source 90 sends is entered in glued construction after the collimation of collimating lens 91, through coupling-in face
92 and 93 reflection, makes collimated ray be transferred at corresponding broached-tooth design, then by coupling in respective optical waveguide substrates respectively
Output is closed to outside substrate, is entered in the visual field 94 of people.Can be due to when gluing is carried out in view of two structure identical devices
The refractive index of ultraviolet glue mismatches the problem brought with the refractive index of material, it is therefore desirable to carry out glue using appropriate optical glue
Close, generally from the ultraviolet glue matched with Refractive Index of Material.
Figure 10 is that the structural parameters of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich are illustrated
Figure.In order to realize effect of the present invention, when optical design is carried out, the structural parameters of the structural parameters and sawtooth of substrate it
Between should meet some requirements, otherwise the resolution, contrast and the definition that cause final image can all be reduced, not reached
Expected effect.As shown in Figure 10, the axial principal ray for being sent with object point on axle is designed as reference ray, each parameter it is corresponding
Relation is：
β-sur2= 2*β-sur1
γ-c=β-sur1
Wherein, β-sur1For coupling-in face and the angle of slab guide substrate lower surface, γ-cFor axial principal ray and sawtooth
The angle of reflecting surface normal, β-sur2For the angle of axial principal ray and slab guide substrate top surface normal, can in order to meet light wave
Transmitted in slab guide substrate with loss-free, it is desirable to β-sur2Have to be larger than the cirtical angle of total reflection of material itself.
For sawtooth slot structure, in order that the light for reaching sawtooth inclined-plane can avoid generation to produce due to reflection as far as possible
The loss of ghost and reduction energy, the angle on two inclined-planes and horizontal plane of sawtooth need to meet：
β-c1=β-sur1
β-c2=90 ° of-β-c1
Wherein, β-c1For sawtooth reflecting surface Mirror-s and the angle of horizontal plane, β-c2For sawtooth reflecting surface Mirror-b with
The angle of horizontal plane, can avoid the appearance of ghost as far as possible by above-mentioned condition,
L1 ≥ L2
L2=N*(Length)
L1=2H1*cot( β-sur2)
Wherein, L1 is displacement of the axial principal ray in the one backhaul reflection in upper and lower two surface of slab guide substrate, and L2 is sawtooth
Total length, H1 for slab guide substrate thickness, N is the total number of miniature sawtooth.It is in the case where L1 is longer than L2 length, main
Axial ray can be such that most energy coupling exports to outside substrate through primary event, while the extension of emergent pupil is carried out, and then
Extended field of view, otherwise as the secondary reflection of light will cause the appearance of ghost.
In order to further illustrate the relation of above-mentioned parameter, especially there is the flat of sawtooth sandwich with oolemma for actual parameter
The principle of face waveguide：Take and work as
β-sur1When=30 °,
β-sur2=60°
γ-c=30°
β-c1=30°
β-c2=60°
Choose slab guide substrate thickness be：H1=4.5mm, Length=1.08mm, then：
L1=15.59mm
L2=13.75mm
Device is designed using above-mentioned parameter, the horizontal field of view that device of the present invention is obtained expands to 17 °, and the thickness of waveguide is only
Only 4.5mm, and traditional optical presentation system is under identical visual field, the duct thickness of needs is 10mm, by contrast, this
Invention dramatically reduces the weight of waveguide.Such as needing further to increase visual field can be corresponding to meet by increasing the thickness of waveguide
Demand.
Figure 11 is that the integrated application of slab guide binocular optical display device of the present invention with sawtooth sandwich is illustrated
Figure.As shown in figure 11,110 be image display light source, 111 for collimation prism, 112 be slab guide substrate, 113 be serrated slot knot
Structure.Its groundwork process is：Light from image display light source 110 after the collimation of collimating lens 111, light wave quilt
It is coupled in slab guide substrate 112, light wave is transferred to the position at the place of sawtooth slot structure 113 in slab guide substrate,
It is coupled out outside substrate, is and then refracted in the visual field of observer.By by above-mentioned several parts according to frame for movement
Design requirement, can be used for penetration in being assembled in spectacle-frame and show.When the component of the present invention is used for wearable display, one
Aspect can watch the display picture for needing to show in real time, simultaneously because the component of the present invention is not using special diaphragm come complete
The entrance of fully blocking external scene light, therefore the change of outside scenery can also be observed.Furthermore can be general according to specific requirement
The two sides of logical spectacle-frame is separately added into waveguide device, shows for eyes 3D.As the material that the present invention chooses is partial to density
Less PMMA optical plastics, when thus be accordingly used in eyes wearing display, will not bring uncomfortable sense to wearer in weight
Receive.
The effect of embodiment and effect：
The slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich that the present embodiment is provided is as a result of in
The mode of centre coupling so that the light sent by same image display light source is fifty-fifty coupled into two plane waves in left and right
Propagated in conductive substrate, so that substrate is coupled out at respective sawtooth slot structure, entered in the visual field of observer.
The slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich that the present embodiment is provided is tied due to serrated slot
The presence of structure causes whole toothed surfaces realize the reflection to light, and the light through reflecting can cover the big of substrate
Part surface, it is achieved thereby that the extension of the extension of observer visual field, i.e. emergent pupil.
The slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich that the present embodiment is provided is as a result of two
/ mono- beam-splitting structure, can make light form light splitting during slab guide substrate transport, so as to reach sawtooth slot structure
When, light-wave energy can be by equably coupling output to outside substrate so that when the diverse location of coupling-out face is observed, image
Light and shade it is homogeneous, improve the image planes brightness uniformity of image.
The slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich that the present embodiment is provided is not using special
Diaphragm stopping the entrance of external scene light completely, therefore, when the optics is applied to wearable display, not only can be real
When viewing need show pictorial information, can also observe outside scenery change.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of slab guide binocular optical display device with sawtooth sandwich, includes successively：
Image display light source, for sending the display light wave for showing required image；
Collimation lens set, collimates to the light wave that display light source sends；
Collimated light waves are coupled into slab guide by coupling-in face；
Slab guide substrate, the light wave to being coupled into carry out reflection and propagate formation total reflection light wave；
Sawtooth slot structure, extends for visual field and light wave coupling output substrate；
/ 2nd beam-splitting structures, are distributed uniform light, improve the brightness uniformity of image；
Wherein, collimation lens set is located between image display light source and plane optical waveguide substrates, and two flat with sawtooth slot structure
Symmetrical glued together of the coupling-in face of face optical waveguide substrates, display light source are located at the central authorities of the symmetrical structure after gluing；
Slab guide substrate with sawtooth interlayer is by two plane linings with protrusion broached-tooth design and depression broached-tooth design
Bottom is nested together by sawtooth bonding, there is beam-splitting structure between the two planar substrates.
2. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Steam in effective clear aperture of coupling-in face
Corresponding multi-layered antireflection coating is coated with, the outer surface spin coating of coupling-in face has corresponding reflectance coating, the outer surface rotation of broached-tooth design
Scribble reflectance coating.
3. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The toothed surfaces of sawtooth slot structure need processing
To the effect of minute surface, the effect of the minute surface refers to wavelength dimension of the surface roughness Ra less than imaging, and single sawtooth unit
Length should be greater than an imaging light wavelength.
4. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two parallel tables up and down of slab guide substrate
The roughness in face, the depth of parallelism and flatness must all are fulfilled for the requirement of basic optical processing.
5. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two of the sawtooth unit of sawtooth slot structure are tiltedly
Following relations are met between the angle β-c1 and β-c2 of face and horizontal plane：
- c2=90 ° of-β of β-c1。
6. optical display device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Axial principal ray is returned for one in waveguide upper and lower surface
Following relations are met between the displacement L1 and the total length L 2 of broached-tooth design of journey reflection：
L1≥L2。
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| TWI751262B (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2022-01-01 | 以色列商魯姆斯有限公司 | Overlapping facets |
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| CN109991737B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-06-14 | 深圳点石创新科技有限公司 | Optical projection system |
| EP4212929A1 (en) | 2018-08-26 | 2023-07-19 | Lumus Ltd. | Reflection suppression in near eye displays |
| JP2022532688A (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2022-07-19 | ルーマス リミテッド | A transparent light guide for viewing scenes and near-eye displays |
| CN211653301U (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-10-09 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Near-to-eye optical system |
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| US11762062B2 (en) * | 2020-05-05 | 2023-09-19 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Multi-mode signal LiDAR collection methods and systems |
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| WO2024137483A1 (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2024-06-27 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Lightguide with polarization-selective bulk reflectors |
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