CN104502255A - Three-dimensional imaging flow cytometer device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional imaging flow cytometer device, relating to the field of biological and medical optical apparatuses and aiming at solving the problems that the flow testing efficiency is influenced by low speed of a liquid flow when cells are scanned by an existing imaging flow cytometer device and a micro-objective is easily polluted by a sample flow and the service life of the micro-objective is influenced since the sample flow needs to directly contact the micro-objective, etc. A moving cell is synchronously imaged in two directions through two vertical imaging flow systems; the relative position distribution of the internal structure of the cell is extracted; and therefore, the three-dimensional structural image of the cell is obtained. A lateral scattering and fluorescence exciting laser light source illuminates at 45 DEG and is shared by a speed-measuring and focusing unit and an imaging unit. By means of three-dimensional cell imaging, the original position information of the internal structure of the cell is kept; the morphological description authenticity is better; and thus, the imaging flow cytometer is capable of obtaining more meaningful biomedical information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical instrument field of biology and medical science, be specifically related to a kind of three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device.
Background technology
Flow cytometry is a kind of technology in order to carry out fast quantitative analysis and sorting one by one to the cell of defiled in liquid stream or other biological particle (as microballoon, bacterium, small scale mode is biological).At biology and medical domain, when needing to scan a large amount of cells, flow cytometer sacrifices spatial resolution completely, can obtain high detection speed, and tens of thousand cells are per second.Imaging flow cytometer can not only obtain the population analysis data of a large amount of cell, but also can see cell image in real time, and the analysis result of each step can be confirmed by image.When needs obtain cellular morphology and internal structural information, relative to traditional flow cytometer, imaging flow cytometer has larger advantage.
At present, imaging flow cytometer obtains great attention in the world, with the Amnis company under U.S. MerckMillipore for the pretty good imaging flow cytometer of performance has been made in representative, model has Image Stream Mark II and Flow Sight etc., each flow cell can be caught in real time and can reach at most 12 panel height image in different resolution, detection rates can reach 5000 cells/second, and has more hyperfluorescenceZeng Yongminggaoyingguang sensitivity.
The cell of imaging flow cytometer to flowing fast carries out micro-imaging, the cell two dimensional image obtained under normal circumstances is that structures all in cell is projected to a plane, lose original positional information of cell interior structure, authenticity is lacked to morphologic description, therefore, the three-dimensional imaging of imaging flow cytometer has great Research Significance.Chinese patent CN201310202769.7 reports a kind of streaming fluorescent microscopic imaging device and method, and it is the one application of mating plate microscope in flow cytometer.This device is for meeting mating plate direction to cell tomoscan, and its flow stream velocity is comparatively slow, affects the efficiency of streaming test.In addition, its sample stream needs directly to contact with microcobjective, and sample stream is easy to bring pollution to microcobjective, affects its life-span.
Summary of the invention
When the present invention scanning cell for solving existing imaging flow cytometry device, there is flow stream velocity comparatively slow, affecting the efficiency of streaming test.In addition, its sample stream needs directly to contact with microcobjective, and sample stream is easy to bring pollution to microcobjective, affects the problems such as its life-span, provides a kind of three-dimensional imaging flow cytometer.
Three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device, described device comprises sample feeding unit, the first light source, secondary light source and the 3rd light source, synchronously the testing sample of motion is carried out to the imaging of both direction, obtain final 3-D view by two cover imaging streaming systems; Described two cover imaging streaming systems structures are identical, often overlap imaging streaming systems and comprise test the speed-focus unit and image-generating unit;
The imaging process of the imaging streaming systems in a direction is: sample feeding unit keep testing sample at the uniform velocity single, side by side by image checking region, secondary light source side lighting testing sample, first microcobjective of side scattered light in the first image-generating unit enters first and to test the speed-focus unit, obtain movement velocity and the defocusing amount of testing sample, realize the FEEDBACK CONTROL to a TDI CCD and microcobjective; Simultaneously, secondary light source is as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues or fluorescence excitation light source, 3rd light source is as bright field light source, the first dichroic mirror that the scattered light of testing sample and fluorescence signal test the speed-focus through the first microcobjective, first in unit enters the first image-generating unit, obtains the light field of testing sample, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image;
The imaging process of the imaging streaming systems in another direction is: secondary light source side lighting testing sample, second microcobjective of side scattered light in the second image-generating unit enters second and to test the speed-focus unit, obtain movement velocity and the defocusing amount of testing sample, realize the FEEDBACK CONTROL to the 2nd TDI CCD and the second microcobjective; Simultaneously, secondary light source is as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues or fluorescence excitation light source, first light source is as bright field light source, the second dichroic mirror that the scattered light of testing sample and fluorescence signal test the speed-focus through the second microcobjective, second in unit enters the second image-generating unit, obtains the light field of testing sample, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image; To testing sample in the two directions the light field of synchronization gain, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image process, obtain 3-D view.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention adopts and carries out the synchronous cell imaging of both direction by the cell of imaging streaming systems to motion of two mutually perpendicular directions, extract the relative position distribution of cell interior structure, and then obtain the three-dimensional structure image of cell.The LASER Light Source of lateral scattering and fluorescence excitation is irradiated in 45 ° of directions, and two covering devices of test the speed-focus unit and image-generating unit share lateral scattering and fluorescence excitation laser light source.Three-dimensional cell imaging keeps original positional information of cell interior structure, better to morphologic description authenticity, and imaging flow cytometer can be made to obtain more, more significant biomedical information.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical principle schematic diagram of three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the planimetric map adopting three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device of the present invention to obtain the mutual vertical both direction of cell.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2 illustrate present embodiment, three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device, synchronously the testing sample of motion is carried out to the imaging of both direction, obtain final 3-D view by two cover imaging streaming systems; This device comprises sample feeding unit 100, light source 200, two cover tests the speed-focus unit and two cover image-generating units; Described two cover imaging streaming systems structure and working principle are identical, often overlap imaging streaming systems and comprise test the speed-focus unit and image-generating unit;
Sample feeding unit 100 ensure the testing samples such as virus, cell, microballoon or small scale mode be biological at high speed single, abreast by image checking region.
Light source 200 comprises the first light source 201, secondary light source 202 and the 3rd light source 203, and described first light source 202 sends lateral scattering and fluorescence excitation light source, centre wavelength 488nm, power 150mw.First light source 201 and the 3rd light source 203 are two bright field light source.Bright field light source is LED, power 2W, centre wavelength 830nm.Secondary light source 202 can overlap the lighting source of the cell mesh that test the speed-focus as two simultaneously.
Described two overlap the unit that tests the speed-focus comprises identical two parts, respectively as the auxiliary unit of two cover image-generating units.Present embodiment to test the speed-focuses unit and a set of image-generating unit (first test the speed-focus unit 300a and the first image-generating unit 400a) the detailed introduction to this specific embodiment for wherein a set of.
The first unit 300a that tests the speed-focus comprises the first dichroic mirror 301a, the first spectroscope 302a, the first focus lamp group 303a and the second focus lamp group 306a, the first grating 304a and the second grating 307a, the first photodetector 305a and the second photodetector 308a.First dichroic mirror 301a is long-pass dichroic mirror, centre wavelength 488nm.The centre wavelength of the first spectroscope 302a is 488nm.First grating 304a is positive grating, and its position is after intermediate image plane.Second grating 307a is negative grating, and its position is before intermediate image plane.First photodetector 305a and the second photodetector 308a is the high sensitivity photomultiplier of two centre wavelength 488nm.
First image-generating unit 400a comprises the first microcobjective 401a, the first multispectral spectroscope group 402a, the first image-forming objective lens 403a, a TDI CCD (Time Delay Integration CCD) camera 404a.Described first microcobjective 401a as cell high-resolution imaging optical system, focal length 6mm, vertical aperture 0.5, visual field 100X200 μm.Described first multispectral spectroscope group 402a is made up of 6 long-pass dichroic mirrors, and a point optical band is respectively 420-480nm, 480-560nm, 560-600nm, 600-640nm, 640-745nm, 745-800nm.
The course of work of present embodiment: sample feeding unit 100 keep testing sample single with necessarily stable speed, abreast by image checking region.Secondary light source 202 sends the laser beam side lighting testing sample of 488nm, and LASER Light Source is irradiated in 45 ° of directions.Side scattered light, through the first microcobjective 401a, the first dichroic mirror 301a and the first spectroscope 302a, the first focus lamp group 303a and the second focus lamp group 306a and the first grating 304a and the second grating 307a, obtains cell movement speed needed for the first image-generating unit 400a system and defocusing amount information by the first photodetector 305a and the second photodetector 308a.In addition, by secondary light source 202 as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues, fluorescence excitation light source, 3rd light source 203 is as bright field light source, the scattering of cell and fluorescence signal are through the first microcobjective 401a, the first multispectral spectroscope group 402a and the first image-forming objective lens 403a, and a TDI camera 404a obtains bright, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and the fluoroscopic image of cell.
Meanwhile, the second unit 300b and the second image-generating unit 400b that tests the speed-focus placed in first set image-generating unit vertical direction synchronously obtains the cell image in this direction, wherein secondary light source 202 is still as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues, fluorescence excitation light source, and the first light source 201 is as the bright field light source of this part.Obtain eventually through both direction and synchronously expose, obtain cell both direction projected image, finally obtain the 3-D view of cell.
The imaging streaming systems of described vertical direction synchronously obtains the cell image in this direction by the second unit 300b and the second image-generating unit 400b that tests the speed-focus, and described second image-generating unit 400b also comprises the second multispectral spectroscope group 402b, the second image-forming objective lens 403b and the second photoelectric imaging sensor 404b; The second unit 300b that tests the speed-focus also comprises the second spectroscope 302b, the 3rd focus lamp group 303b, the 3rd grating 304b, the 3rd photodetector 305b, the 4th focus lamp group 306b, the 4th grating 307b and the 4th photodetector 308b;
The imaging process of the imaging streaming systems of described vertical direction is: the side scattered light that described secondary light source 202 sends is divided into two bundle scattered lights through the second microcobjective 401b, the second dichroic mirror 301b and the second spectroscope 302b, and a branch of scattered light is received by the 3rd photodetector 305b after the 3rd focus lamp group 303b, the 3rd grating 304b; Another bundle scattered light is received by light the 4th electric explorer 308b after the 4th focus lamp group 306b and the 4th grating 307b, according to intensity and the frequency of the 3rd photodetector 305b and the 4th photodetector 308b receiving scattered light, obtain movement velocity and the defocusing amount of testing sample, realize the FEEDBACK CONTROL to TDI camera and microcobjective; Simultaneously, secondary light source 202 is as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues or fluorescence excitation light source, first light source 201 is as bright field light source, the scattered light of testing sample and fluorescence signal obtain the light field of testing sample, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image through the second microcobjective 401b, the second multispectral spectroscope group 402b and the second image-forming objective lens 403b, the 2nd TDI CCD404b.
Composition graphs 2 illustrates present embodiment, Fig. 2 gives the plane Fig. 1 and 2 adopting the device described in present embodiment to obtain the mutual vertical both direction of cell, cell interior organelle a and b distribution situation in the two directions can be seen, the space distribution of organelle a and b can be reconstructed by algorithm.Such as, left figure provides organelle a obtains XZ direction two-dimensional coordinate at the perspective view in a direction, and the perspective view that right figure provides another direction obtains the two-dimensional coordinate in YZ direction, is finally easy to the three dimensional space coordinate that can obtain this organelle a.Same obtains organelle b three dimensional space coordinate, can determine the space distribution of this organelle in cell interior structure by relative space position therebetween.
The cell imaging of three-dimensional of the present invention keeps original positional information of cell interior structure, better to morphologic description authenticity, and imaging flow cytometer can be made to obtain more, more significant biomedical information.
Claims (6)
1. three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device, described device comprises sample feeding unit (100), the first light source (201), secondary light source (202) and the 3rd light source (203), it is characterized in that, synchronously the testing sample of motion is carried out to the imaging of both direction by two cover imaging streaming systems, obtain final 3-D view;
Described two cover imaging streaming systems structures are identical, often overlap imaging streaming systems and comprise test the speed-focus unit and image-generating unit;
The imaging process of the imaging streaming systems in a direction is: sample feeding unit (100) keep testing sample at the uniform velocity single, side by side by image checking region, secondary light source (202) side lighting testing sample, first microcobjective (401a) of side scattered light in the first image-generating unit (400a) enters first and to test the speed-focus unit (300a), obtain movement velocity and the defocusing amount of testing sample, realize the FEEDBACK CONTROL to a TDI CCD (404a) and the first microcobjective (401a); Simultaneously, secondary light source (202) is as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues or fluorescence excitation light source, 3rd light source (203) is as bright field light source, (301a enters the first image-generating unit (400a) to the first dichroic mirror that the scattered light of testing sample and fluorescence signal test the speed-focus through the first microcobjective (401a), first in unit (300a), obtains the light field of testing sample, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image;
The imaging process of the imaging streaming systems in another direction is: secondary light source (202) side lighting testing sample, second microcobjective (401b) of side scattered light in the second image-generating unit (400b) enters second and to test the speed-focus unit (300b), obtain movement velocity and the defocusing amount of testing sample, realize the FEEDBACK CONTROL to the 2nd TDI CCD (404b) and the second microcobjective (401b); Simultaneously, secondary light source (202) is as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues or fluorescence excitation light source, first light source (201) is as bright field light source, the second dichroic mirror (301b) that the scattered light of testing sample and fluorescence signal test the speed-focus through the second microcobjective (401b), second in unit enters the second image-generating unit (400b), obtains the light field of testing sample, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image;
To testing sample in the two directions the light field of synchronization gain, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image process, obtain 3-D view.
2. three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first image-generating unit (400a) also comprises the first multispectral spectroscope group (402a), the first image-forming objective lens (403a) and the first photoelectric imaging sensor (404a); First unit (300a) that tests the speed-focus also comprises the first spectroscope (302a), the first focus lamp group (303a), the first grating (304a), the first photodetector (305a), the second focus lamp group (306a), the second grating (307a) and the second photodetector (308a);
Described side scattered light is divided into two bundle scattered lights through the first microcobjective (401a), the first dichroic mirror (301a) and the first spectroscope (302a), and a branch of scattered light is received by the first photodetector (305a) after the first focus lamp group (303a), the first grating (304a); Another bundle scattered light is received by light second electric explorer (308a) after the second focus lamp group (306a) and the second grating (307a), according to intensity and the frequency of the first photodetector (305a) and the second photodetector (308a) receiving scattered light, obtain movement velocity and the defocusing amount of testing sample, realize the FEEDBACK CONTROL to a TDI CCD (404a) and microcobjective; Simultaneously, secondary light source (202) is as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues or fluorescence excitation light source, 3rd light source (203) is as bright field light source, the scattered light of testing sample and fluorescence signal are through the first microcobjective (401a), the first multispectral spectroscope group (402a) and the first image-forming objective lens (403a), and a TDI CCD (404a) obtains the light field of testing sample, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image.
3. three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described second image-generating unit (400b) also comprises the second multispectral spectroscope group (402b), the second image-forming objective lens (403b) and the second photoelectric imaging sensor (404b); Second unit (300b) that tests the speed-focus also comprises the second spectroscope (302b), the 3rd focus lamp group (303b), the 3rd grating (304b), the 3rd photodetector (305b), the 4th focus lamp group (306b), the 4th grating (307b) and the 4th photodetector (308b);
Described side scattered light is divided into two bundle scattered lights through the second microcobjective (401b), the second dichroic mirror (301b) and the second spectroscope (302b), and a branch of scattered light is received by the 3rd photodetector (305b) after the 3rd focus lamp group 303b, the 3rd grating (304b); Another bundle scattered light is received by light the 4th electric explorer (308b) after the 4th focus lamp group (306b) and the 4th grating (307b), according to intensity and the frequency of the 3rd photodetector (305b) and the 4th photodetector (308b) receiving scattered light, obtain movement velocity and the defocusing amount of testing sample, realize the FEEDBACK CONTROL to a TDI CCD (404b) and microcobjective; Simultaneously, secondary light source (202) is as details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues or fluorescence excitation light source, first light source (201) is as bright field light source, the scattered light of testing sample and fluorescence signal are through the second microcobjective (401b), the second multispectral spectroscope group (402b) and the second image-forming objective lens (403b), and the 2nd TDI CCD (404b) obtains the light field of testing sample, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and fluoroscopic image.
4. the three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described secondary light source (202) sends the laser beam side lighting of 488nm for laser instrument, and the LASER Light Source of side scattered light and fluorescence excitation is irradiated in 45 ° of directions.
5. three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, laser light source adopts dichroic mirror to close bundle, adopts the LASER Light Source of multiple wavelength to carry out multi-color illumination and excites.
6. three-dimensional imaging flow cytometry device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first light source (201) and the 3rd light source (203) are LED, and the centre wavelength of light source is 830nm.
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