CN104491792A - 治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,主要由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:干姜4-8,透骨香9-15,细辛3-6,长前胡5-10,夏枯草6-9,平贝母7-12,莨菪叶5-9,五味子6-15,地骨皮8-15,白芥子6-12。本发明根据中医药原则科学选材,合理配伍,经多年研究得到的组方,具有温中散寒、温肺散结、化痰止咳功效,所制产品具有疗效显著、见效快、不易复发等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医中药领域,特别是涉及一种治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
慢性支气管炎是呼吸系统常见病、多发病之一,是气管、支气管黏膜及其周围组织的慢性非特异性炎症。临床上以发作性呼气困难并伴有哮鸣音、咳嗽、咳痰或伴有气喘等反复发作为主要症状,常在夜间和清晨发作加剧。每年持续3个月,连续2年以上。早期症状轻微,多于冬季发作,尤以中老年人发病居多,春夏缓解。晚期因炎症加重,症状可常年存在。其病理学特点为支气管腺体增生和黏膜分泌增多。病情呈缓慢进行性进展,常并发阻塞性肺气肿,严重者常发生肺动脉高压,甚至肺源性心脏病。支气管粘膜充血、水肿及分泌物增多均可引起咳嗽。炎症刺激支气管粘膜,使其分泌增强导致咳痰,痰液一般为白色黏液或浆液泡沫状,较粘稠而不易咳出。急性发作伴细菌感染时,痰为黄色脓性,且咳嗽加重,痰量增加。部分患者因支气管痉挛或黏液分泌物阻塞而伴喘息,听诊可闻及哮鸣音。病变发展到晚期,由于黏膜及腺体的萎缩,使分泌物减少,痰量少或无痰,出现干咳。长期会引起支气管扩张和支气管肺炎等并发症。虚寒型慢性支气管炎临床以反复或长期发作性咳嗽、咳痰、痰略白、畏冷或伴有气喘为主要症状,冬季加重,本病久病多虚,卫外不固,外邪入侵,久咳伤肺,肺失宣降,肺气上逆,则咳嗽、喘息。对于慢性支气管炎的治疗主要采用抗生素类药物,祛痰剂等,这些药剂不仅费用高,且易产生耐药性,易复发,不能从根本治愈该病,长期以往会给患者造成经济和精神上的影响。公开号CN 103212006 A(申请号201310185227.3)的中国专利文献公开了治疗慢性支气管炎的中药,其主要由由30~60份板蓝根、30~60份蒲公英、30~60份黄芩、30~60份金银花、30~60份紫苑、30~60份甘草、20~40份百部、20~40份麻黄、20~40份炒杏仁、20~40份半夏、20~40份瓜蒌、20~40份川贝母、20~40份知母和40~80份石膏组成。
公开号CN 103933376 A(申请号201410096411.5)的中国专利文献公开了一种治疗慢性支气管炎的药物组合物,由菊花、黄芩、橘红、桑叶、紫苏叶、蒲公英、枳壳、竹茹制成多种剂型。公开号CN 103372185 A(申请号201210116058.3)的中国专利文献公开了治疗慢性支气管炎的药物,包括桂枝10-15份,白芍8-12份,炙甘草4-8份,炒杏仁15-17份,厚朴20-24份,生姜10-15份、麦冬14-19份、桔梗5-9份、柴胡7-10份、鱼腥草5-8份、丝瓜藤20-30份构成。
西医治疗此病给患者造成了一些不可避免的副作用,不适合作为治疗此病的最佳治疗方案,而中药辩证施治,且副作用小,目前也已有许多关于此病的中医配方,但有些配方疗效仍待验证,因此,有必要研究出一种疗效确切可靠的中医配方。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种便于携带、易久服的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂及其制备方法。该中药药剂疗效确切且无毒副作用。
本发明的技术方案是:
治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,主要由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:干姜4-8,透骨香9-15,细辛3-6,长前胡5-10,夏枯草6-9,平贝母7-12,莨菪叶5-9,五味子6-15,地骨皮8-15,白芥子6-12。
优选的方案中,干姜5-7,透骨香10-14,细辛4-5,长前胡6-9,夏枯草7-8,平贝母8-11,莨菪叶6-8,五味子8-13,地骨皮10-13,白芥子8-10。
更加优选的,干姜6,透骨香12,细辛4.5,长前胡7.5,夏枯草7.5,平贝母9.5,莨菪叶7,五味子10.5,地骨皮11.5,白芥子9。
所述治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎20-30分钟(优选的,转小火煎22-28分钟;更加优选的,转小火煎25分钟),过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,加热浓缩至原体积的三分之一,灭菌,即得汤剂。
所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂汤剂的制备方法,步骤(1)蜂蜜的量为药材的0.3倍。
所述稠膏剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎20-30分钟(优选的,转小火煎22-28分钟;更加优选的,转小火煎25分钟),过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎过筛,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,加热浓缩至相对浓度为1.18-1.24(50℃)的稠膏(优选的,相对浓度为1.20-1.22(50℃);更加优选的,相对浓度为1.21(50℃)),即得稠膏剂。
所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂稠膏剂的制备方法,步骤(4)干燥粉碎过180-220目筛(优选的,干燥粉碎过200目筛)。
所述胶囊剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎20-30分钟(优选的,转小火煎22-28分钟;更加优选的,转小火煎25分钟),过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,过160目筛,加热浓缩至相对浓度为1.12(50℃)的清膏,制成软材,过16目筛制粒,烘干,整粒,装入胶囊,即得胶囊剂。
所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂胶囊剂的制备方法,步骤(4)烘干温度为50-70℃(优选的,烘干温度为60℃)。
所述片剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母、地骨皮、透骨香、细辛和莨菪叶去杂质,洗净,烘干,和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,一起粉碎过筛,得药粉;
(4)将步骤(3)所制药粉,按照0.3-0.4g/片计量,按照片剂的加工制备方法制成椭圆形片状剂型。
所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂片剂的制备方法,步骤(3)一起粉碎过120-200目筛(优选的,一起粉碎过140-180目筛;更加优选的,一起粉碎过160目筛)。
本发明所用主要中药原料的药理如下:
干姜:基原:为姜科植物姜的干燥根茎。性味:辛、热。归经:归脾、胃、肾、心、肺经。功能主治:干姜温中散寒,回阳通脉,燥湿消痰。用于脘腹冷痛,呕吐泄泻,肢冷脉微,痰饮喘咳。
透骨香:基原:为杜鹃花科植物云南白珠树的茎叶。性味:辛;性温。归经:肺;肝;肾经。功能主治:祛风除湿;散寒止痛;活血通络;化痰止咳。主风湿痹痛;胃寒疼痛;跌打损伤;咳嗽多痰。
细辛:基原:为马兜铃科植物北细辛、汉城细辛或华细辛的干燥全草。性味:辛,温。归经:归心、肺、肾经。功能主治:祛风散寒,通窍止痛,温肺化饮。用于风寒感冒,头痛,牙痛,鼻塞鼻渊,风湿痹痛,痰饮喘咳。
长前胡:基原:为伞形科植物长前胡的根。性味:味苦;辛微寒。归经:归肺经。功能主治:宣散风热;降气祛痰。主风热感冒;咳喘痰黄;头痛;胸闷。
夏枯草:基原:为唇形科植物夏枯草的干燥果穗。性味:辛、苦,寒。归经:归肝、胆经。功能主治:清火,明目,散结,消肿。用于目赤肿痛,目珠夜痛,头痛眩晕,瘰疬,瘿瘤,乳痈肿痛;甲状腺肿大,淋巴结结核,乳腺增生,高血压。
平贝母:基原:为百合科贝母属植物平贝母的鳞茎。成分:鳞茎含生物碱:西贝母碱-3-β-D-葡萄糖苷,贝母辛碱,西贝母碱,平贝碱甲,平贝碱乙,平贝碱丙及平贝碱苷。药性:《长白山植物药志》:“辛、苦,平。”功用主治:《长白山植物药志》:“止咳化痰,润肺,散结。主治支气管炎,肺结核,肺炎,百日咳等咳嗽,痰喘,溃疡病,淋巴结结核,乳腺炎,痈疮等。
莨菪叶:基原:为茄科植物莨菪的叶片。性味:味苦;性寒;大毒。功能主治:镇痛;解痉。主脘腹疼痛;牙痛;咳嗽气喘。
五味子:为木兰科植物五味子或华中五味子的干燥成熟果实。性味:酸、甘,温。归经:归肺,心、肾经。功能主治:收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心。用于久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗,盗汗,津伤口渴,短气脉虚,内热消渴,心悸失眠。
地骨皮:基原:为茄科枸杞属植物枸杞、宁夏枸杞的根皮。成分:枸杞根皮含生物碱:甜菜碱,苦可胺A,1,2,3,4,7-五羟基-6氮杂双环辛烷,东莨菪素。又含枸杞环八肽A和B。有机酸等。药性:甘,寒。归肺、肾经。功用主治:清虚热,泻肺火,凉血。主治阴虚老热,骨蒸盗汗,小儿疳积发热,肺热喘咳,吐血、衄血、尿血,消渴。 白芥子:基原:为十字花科植物白芥的种子。性味:辛;温。归经:归肺;肝;脾;胃;心包经。功能主治:化痰逐饮;散结消肿。主咳喘痰多;胸满胁痛;肢体麻木;关节肿痛;湿痰流注;阴疽肿毒。
本发明提供的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂组方简单,且各剂型制备简单,所得产品服用方便、便于携带。除此之外,本发明的优良效果还表现在:
1、本发明根据中医药原则科学选材,合理配伍,经多年研究得到;
2、本组方具有温中散寒、温肺散结、化痰止咳功效;
3、本发明所制产品具有疗效显著、见效快、不易复发等优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和实验例详细说明本发明的技术方案,但保护范围不限于此。
实施例1 治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,主要由下列原料药制备而成:干姜4g,透骨香9g,细辛3g,长前胡5g,夏枯草6g,平贝母7g,莨菪叶5g,五味子6g,地骨皮8g,白芥子6g。
上述治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸15分钟,取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎25分钟,过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,加热浓缩至原体积的三分之一,灭菌,即得汤剂。
本发明汤剂的服用方法:汤剂为7天一个疗程,每天服用两次(温热),每次50m1-70m1。
实施例2 治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,主要由下列原料药制备而成:干姜8g,透骨香15g,细辛6g,长前胡10g,夏枯草9g,平贝母12g,莨菪叶9g,五味子15g,地骨皮15g,白芥子12g。
治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂稠膏剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸15分钟,取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎25分钟,过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎过200目筛,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,加热浓缩至相对浓度为1.21(50℃)的稠膏,即得稠膏剂。
典型病例:xxx,女,36岁。病史:反复咳嗽、咳痰、气喘已有3年,早晚咳嗽加重,动则气喘,每年冬季发病,容易感冒。近几日因感风寒,病情发作,气促加重,痰略白,畏寒肢冷,舌淡苔白,脉沉细,双肺有湿啰音,中医院就诊,中医辨证为虚寒型慢性支气管炎。
服用本实施例所得治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂稠膏剂,每次4-6克,每天2次,温开水冲服,7天一个疗程。服用一个疗程后,患者临床症状有所缓解,继续服药两个疗程,咳嗽、咳痰消失,听诊肺部有微弱的湿啰音,巩固疗效一个疗程后,医院复诊,所有症状均消失,患者痊愈。
实施例3 治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,主要由下列原料药制备而成:干姜5g,透骨香10g,细辛4g,长前胡6g,夏枯草7g,平贝母8g,莨菪叶6g,五味子8g,地骨皮10g,白芥子8g。
治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂胶囊剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸15分钟,取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎25分钟,过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,过160目筛,加热浓缩至相对浓度为1.12(50℃)的清膏,制成软材,过16目筛制粒,60℃下烘干,整粒,装入胶囊,即得胶囊剂。
典型病例:xxx,男,53岁。病史:虚寒性慢性支气管炎5年,自从患病来抵抗力下降,容易感冒,每年春秋季都会住院打针,曾服用较多抗生素药,导致治疗越来越差。近日因外出吹风着凉,咳嗽加重,痰多,呼吸急促,早上和晚上咳嗽较重,遂到中医院救治,中医辩证为虚寒型慢性支气管炎。
后经人介绍,服用本实施例所得治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂胶囊剂,采用每天两次,每次4-6颗,用温开水冲服,7天一个疗程。服用一个疗程后,咳嗽、咳痰有所好转,继续服用两个疗程后,临床症状消失,医院复诊时,患者痊愈,后半年复查,未复发。
实施例4 治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,主要由下列原料药制备而成:干姜7g,透骨香14g,细辛5g,长前胡9g,夏枯草8g,平贝母11g,莨菪叶8g,五味子13g,地骨皮13g,白芥子10g。
治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂片剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸15分钟,取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母、地骨皮、透骨香、细辛和莨菪叶去杂质,洗净,烘干,和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,一起粉碎过160目筛,得药粉;
(4)将步骤(3)所制药粉,按照0.3-0.4g/片计量,按照片剂的加工制备方法制成椭圆形片状剂型。
典型病例:xxx,女,43岁。病史:反复咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷已有9年,近来气温骤降,吸入凉空气后,病情发作,动则气促,痰多略白,就诊时,面白少华,小便清长,畏寒肢冷,舌淡苔白,脉沉迟缓,中医辨证为虚寒型慢性支气管炎。
服用本实施例所得治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂片剂,采用每天两次,每次4-6片,用温开水冲服,7天一个疗程。服用10天后,患者病情好转,咳嗽、咳痰症状都有改善,继续服用两个疗程后,病情大为改善,继续服用一个疗程后,患者咳嗽、咳痰消失,遂到医院复诊,未检查出异常,患者痊愈,一年后随访,未复发。
实施例5 治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,主要由下列原料药制备而成:干姜6g,透骨香12g,细辛4.5g,长前胡7.5g,夏枯草7.5g,平贝母9.5g,莨菪叶7g,五味子10.5g,地骨皮11.5g,白芥子9g。
治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸15分钟,取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎25分钟,过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,加热浓缩至原体积的三分之一,灭菌,即得汤剂。
试验例1 实施例5所得治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂汤剂的临床应用:
诊断标准:(1)咳嗽、咳痰或伴喘息,每年发作3个月,连续2年或以上者;(2)每年发病不足3个月,而有明确的客观检查依据(如X线、肺功能测定等)者亦可诊断;
(3)能排除其他心、肺疾病(如肺结核、哮喘、支气管扩张、肺癌、心脏病等)者;(4)患者伴有痰白,面白少华,畏寒肢冷,小便清长,舌淡,苔白,脉沉迟缓等虚寒症状。
纳入标准:符合诊断标准,年龄18-70岁,性别不限,能配合完成治疗。
排除标准:其他已知原因的慢性咳嗽除外。
方法:2011年9月-2013年12月期间,从6所医院门诊筛选485例患者,其中女性218例,男性267例,年龄最大的68岁,最小年龄34岁,平均年龄55.2岁,病程3-7年,平均病程4.3年。
将患者随机分为两组,实验组315例和对照组170例,两组在性别、年龄、病程、病情等方面无显著差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。实验组服用实施例5所得产品,每天服用两次(温热),每次50m1-70m1(视具体情况有所调整),7天一个疗程,对照组服用其它药品(痰咳净、头孢丙烯、咳特灵胶囊等常规药品)。服药期间对两组患者进行连续观察,记录症状及变化,试验结束三个月后随访,统计复发率。
疗效情况判定标准:治愈:咳嗽、咯痰、喘息及肺部哮鸣音消失,血常规中白细胞转为正常,胸部体征及X线检查病灶局部明显改善及完全消失;有效:症状明显减轻或部分消失,病灶部位明显改善及趋于正常;无效:治疗后,不适症状无变化。
表1两组患者治疗结果
治疗结果:经过1一个月的治疗,两组患者治疗结果如表1所示,从表1中可以看出,服用实施例5所得汤剂的实验组患者,咳嗽等临床症状全部消除的有207例患者, 症状明显减轻或部分消失的患者有103例,实验组总有效率为98.4%。对照组的治愈例数为86例,有效例数有53例,总有效率为81.8%,可见对照组的治疗效果显著不如实验组。因此,可知本发明实施例5所得产品对虚寒型慢性支气管炎具有显著疗效,且后期随访发现,实验组未有人病情复发,而对照组有23例患者病情复发,由此还可见,本发明产品具有防复发的作用。
本发明配方选择了温中散寒、燥湿消痰的干姜;祛风除湿、散寒止痛、化痰止咳的透骨香;祛风散寒、温肺化饮的细辛;宣散风热、降气祛痰的长前胡;清火明目、散结消肿的夏枯草;止咳化痰、润肺散结的平贝母;镇痛解痉的莨菪叶;收敛固涩、益气生津的五味子;清虚热、泻肺火的地骨皮;化痰散结的白芥子,诸药齐用,共奏温中散寒、温肺散结、化痰止咳功效。因此,本发明所制产品对阴虚型慢性支气管炎有显著疗效。
应当指出的是,具体实施方式只是本发明比较有代表性的例子,显然本发明的技术方案不限于上述实施例,还可以有很多变形。本领域的普通技术人员,以本发明所明确公开的或根据文件的书面描述毫无异议的得到的,均应认为是本专利所要保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,其特征在于,主要由下列原料药制备而成,均为重量份:干姜4-8,透骨香9-15,细辛3-6,长前胡5-10,夏枯草6-9,平贝母7-12,莨菪叶5-9,五味子6-15,地骨皮8-15,白芥子6-12。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,其特征在于,干姜5-7,透骨香10-14,细辛4-5,长前胡6-9,夏枯草7-8,平贝母8-11,莨菪叶6-8,五味子8-13,地骨皮10-13,白芥子8-10(优选的,干姜6,透骨香12,细辛4.5,长前胡7.5,夏枯草7.5,平贝母9.5,莨菪叶7,五味子10.5,地骨皮11.5,白芥子9)。
3.如权利要求1-2任一所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,其特征在于,将其制成药学上可接受的汤剂,所述汤剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎20-30分钟(优选的,转小火煎22-28分钟;更加优选的,转小火煎25分钟),过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,加热浓缩至原体积的三分之一,灭菌,即得汤剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂汤剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)蜂蜜的量为药材的0.3倍。
5.如权利要求1-2任一所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,其特征在于,将其制成药学上可接受的稠膏剂,所述稠膏剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎20-30分钟(优选的,转小火煎22-28分钟;更加优选的,转小火煎25分钟),过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎过筛,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,加热浓缩至相对浓度为1.18-1.24(50℃)的稠膏(优选的,相对浓度为1.20-1.22(50℃);更加优选的,相对浓度为1.21(50℃)),即得稠膏剂。
6.如权利要求5所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂稠膏剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)干燥粉碎过180-220目筛(优选的,干燥粉碎过200目筛)。
7.如权利要求1-2任一所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,其特征在于,将其制成药学上可接受的胶囊剂,所述胶囊剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母和地骨皮去杂质,略泡,洗净,润透,切厚片,置于砂锅中,加没过药材3cm的水浸泡30分钟,再加入透骨香、细辛和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,开火煮开后,转小火煎20-30分钟(优选的,转小火煎22-28分钟;更加优选的,转小火煎25分钟),过滤,滤渣加高出药材2cm的水,再次煎煮20分钟,过滤,合并两次滤液;
(4)将莨菪叶去杂质,干燥粉碎,加入步骤(3)所得滤液中,拌匀,过160目筛,加热浓缩至相对浓度为1.12(50℃)的清膏,制成软材,过16目筛制粒,烘干,整粒,装入胶囊,即得胶囊剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂胶囊剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)烘干温度为50-70℃(优选的,烘干温度为60℃)。
9.如权利要求1-2任一所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂,其特征在于,将其制成药学上可接受的片剂,所述片剂的制备方法是:
(1)取白芥子,加药材0.3倍的蜂蜜拌匀,置于罐中,密闭,隔水蒸,蒸10-20分钟(优选的,蒸12-18分钟;更加优选的,蒸15分钟),取出,晒干;
(2)取五味子和夏枯草除去杂质,置于炒锅中,小火炒至有香味取出,晾凉;
(3)将干姜、长前胡、平贝母、地骨皮、透骨香、细辛和莨菪叶去杂质,洗净,烘干,和步骤(1)(2)所制药材,一起粉碎过筛,得药粉;
(4)将步骤(3)所制药粉,按照0.3-0.4g/片计量,按照片剂的加工制备方法制成椭圆形片状剂型。
10.如权利要求9所述的治疗虚寒型慢性支气管炎药剂片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)一起粉碎过120-200目筛(优选的,一起粉碎过140-180目筛;更加优选的,一起粉碎过160目筛)。
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南征等: "《任继学用药心得十讲》", 31 January 2014, 中国医药科技出版社 * |
黄吉庆等: "《中医药研究与应用精华》", 31 January 1998, 四川科学技术出版社 * |
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