CN104478529A - Formula for preparing coating-free slow-release synergistic peanut mixed fertilizer from monoammonium phosphate mixed urea and potassium chloride - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula for preparing a coating-free slow-release synergistic peanut mixed fertilizer from monoammonium phosphate mixed urea and potassium chloride. A fertilizer source comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.8-5.2 parts of fertilizer source urea, 1.3-1.7 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 2.3-2.7 parts of potassium chloride; according to the characteristic that peanuts also need calcium and magnesium, 0.8-1.2 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is added, and is stirred and mixed, so as to prepare the slow-release synergistic peanut mixed fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with the content of 47%(24-8-15); and the mixed fertilizer also contains 1.5% of magnesium oxide and 3.2% of calcium oxide. The formula has obvious slow-release synergistic characteristics; and through a field trial, the yield of the mixed fertilizer prepared from other fertilizer sources is increased by 8%-10%.

Description

" dressing " sustained-release synergistic peanut Bulk Blending Fertilizer formula is exempted from monoammonium phosphate fusion urea and Repone K preparation

Design field

The present invention relates to the chemical fertilizer field of fertilization compositions based on earth measurement.

Background technology

In recent years, there is a lot of Controlled Release Fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer on the market, these fertilizer, it is the new and high technology in conjunction with modern plants nutrition and fertilization theory and Co ntrolled release, its nutrients release pattern and crop nutrition content are absorbed coordinate mutually or synchronous new-type fertilizer, current production technique mainly contains: 1, Envelope type, mainly uses sulphur coating, paraffin coating, polymer capsule etc.; 2, slightly soluble state type (urea formaldehyde, oxamide etc.) is synthesized; 3, Chemical Inhibition type, namely adds urase and nitrification inhibitor etc.; 4, matrix composite and gluing shape, namely add weathered coal, ground phosphate rock etc.These four kinds of techniques, all increase production cost, our facing to manufacture, according to the policy requirements that central authorities in 2013 No. 1 documentation requirements " accelerates the research and development of highly effective and safe fertilizer ", carry out the research and development of " " dressing " sustained-release synergistic peanut Bulk Blending Fertilizer formula is exempted from monoammonium phosphate fusion urea and Repone K preparation ", this formula possesses following four advantages: 1. use safety, because it can delay the release rate of nutrient to rhizosphere, even if single-dose application amount exceedes the receptivity of root system, high density salinity also can be avoided the harm of crop root; 2, save labor, fertilizer, by disposable employed, can meet plant growth period to the needs of nutrient, not only save labour, and reduce costs; 3, improve nutrient efficiency, this slow release fertilizer can reduce contacting with each other between nutrient and soil, thus reduces because the biology of soil, chemistry and physical action are to the fixing of nutrient or decompose, the utilising efficiency of raising fertilizer.4, protection of the environment; this slow release fertilizer can make the leaching of nutrient and volatilization be reduced to minimum degree; be conducive to environment protection; therefore slow release fertilizer causes the attention of people day by day; the each state of our times is all developing slow release fertilizer new variety and composting novel process in succession; in the hope of reducing fertilizer price, the rate of release reaching nutrient in fertilizer is synchronous with fertilizer provision from soil and crop nutriment demand.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention, can produce the peanut bulk blended fertilizer of sustained-release synergistic without dressing, thus can reduce production cost more than 100 yuan.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme: according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of peanut, according to the principle of balance fertilizing " law of cask ", selects monoammonium phosphate, urea and Repone K three kinds of sources of manure to prepare.

The principle of sustained-release synergistic of the present invention is:

1, monoammonium phosphate fusion urea can form the high polymer CO (NH of Releasing nutrient gradually in soil ₂) ₂nH ₄h ₂pO ₄, play slow releasing function

2. monoammonium phosphate is in calcareous soil, and the utilization ratio of phosphorus is higher than diammonium phosphate, and its principle is, phosphate radical is 3 valencys, because pH value difference creates 3 kinds of ions, there is protonated and relation that is deprotonation between these 3 kinds of ions:

After the monoammonium phosphate of acidity applies calcareous soil, in the process of dissolving, pH in Rhizosphere < 7.0 is reacted will carry out to the right, form H ₂pO ₄ ^-, then with the Ca in calcareous soil ²⁺combine, generate the Ca (H that crop very easily absorbs ₂pO ₄) ₂; And diammonium phosphate is alkalescence, reaction can be made left to carry out, easily form CaHPO ₄2H ₂the molten thing of O Chinese holly, absorption rate slows down.

3. urea is by the effect of urase in soil, is convertible into bicarbonate of ammonia and ammonium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide can react with monoammonium phosphate, generates diammonium phosphate and water, plays synergy water retention;

(NH ₄) ₂CO ₃+H ₂O→NH ₄HCO ₃+NH ₄·H ₂O

NH ₄·H ₂O+NH ₄H ₂PO ₄→(NH ₄) ₂HPO ₄+H ₂O

4. monoammonium phosphate combines with Repone K, can form potassium primary phosphate and ammonium chloride, also play synergism in soil;

5. Repone K can exchange with the positive particle of calcareous soil, generates the water-soluble calcium chloride being convenient to Crop of energy;

6. this formula need not " dressing ", utilizes monoammonium phosphate, urea and Repone K three kinds of sources of manure reacting to each other in soil, and can reach sustained-release synergistic object, can reduce production cost more than 100 yuan;

Embodiment

This formula selects urea, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K three kinds of sources of manure to prepare, urea nitrogenous 46.3%, monoammonium phosphate nitrogenous 11%, phosphorous 44%, Repone K is containing potassium 60%, 4.8 ~ 5.2 parts, this formula urea, monoammonium phosphate 1.3 ~ 1.7 parts, Repone K 2.3. ~ 2.7 part, also need calcium and magnesium characteristic according to peanut again, add 0.8 ~ 1.2 part, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, stir blending, be made into the sustained-release synergistic peanut Bulk Blending Fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements 47% (24-8-15); This Bulk Blending Fertilizer also contains the calcium oxide of 1.5% magnesium oxide and 3.2%, and this formula has the characteristic of obvious sustained-release synergistic, through field test, and the Bulk Blending Fertilizer volume increase 8% ~ 10% of comparable other source of manure preparation.

Claims (3)

1. " dressing " sustained-release synergistic peanut Bulk Blending Fertilizer formula is exempted from monoammonium phosphate fusion urea and Repone K preparation, it is the regulation of fertilizer requirement according to peanut, according to the principle of balance fertilizing " law of cask ", 4.8 ~ 5.2 parts, this formula urea, monoammonium phosphate 1.3 ~ 1.7 parts, Repone K 2.3. ~ 2.7 part, also need calcium and magnesium characteristic according to peanut again, add 0.8 ~ 1.2 part, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, stir blending, be made into the sustained-release synergistic peanut Bulk Blending Fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements 47% (24-8-15); This Bulk Blending Fertilizer also contains the calcium oxide of 1.5% magnesium oxide and 3.2%.

2. the cardinal principle of this formula sustained-release synergistic is: monoammonium phosphate fusion urea can not only be formed in the high polymer CO (NH of Releasing nutrient gradually in soil ₂) ₂nH ₄h ₂pO ₄; And the ammonium hydroxide that monoammonium phosphate can also convert to urea in soil reacts, generate diammonium phosphate and water, play sustained-release synergistic water retention; Monoammonium phosphate combines with Repone K, can form potassium primary phosphate and ammonium chloride, also play synergism in soil; Repone K can exchange with the positive particle in calcareous soil, generates the water-soluble calcium chloride being convenient to Crop of energy; Through field test, the Bulk Blending Fertilizer volume increase 8% ~ 10% of comparable other source of manure preparation of this formula.

3. this formula need not " dressing ", utilize monoammonium phosphate, urea and Repone K three kinds of sources of manure, be directly blended into sustained-release synergistic peanut Bulk Blending Fertilizer, utilize the react to each other characteristic of these three kinds of sources of manure in soil, and sustained-release synergistic object can be reached, production cost more than 100 yuan can be reduced.