CN104457901B - A kind of method and system for determining the depth of water - Google Patents
A kind of method and system for determining the depth of water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method and system for determining the depth of water, methods described includes：Obtain the initial depth of water；Initial time sea table atmospheric pressure is obtained respectively is terminating the termination pressure at the depth of water with second pressure sum caused by the above unit area seawater of seabed and measuring instrument with initial pressure, the end time sea table atmospheric pressure of first pressure sum, measuring instrument in initial water depths caused by the above unit area seawater of seabed；First pressure sum and the difference of initial pressure are determined respectively, obtains the difference of the first numerical value, second pressure sum and termination pressure, obtain second value；The difference of second value and the first numerical value is determined, obtains third value；The reference density of sea water and the ratio of acceleration of gravity parameter multiplied result for determining third value and transferring, obtain vertical displacement；It is determined that the initial depth of water and the difference of vertical displacement, obtain the depth of water terminated at the depth of water；It this method eliminates it is determined that error during the depth of water, directly obtains depth of the measuring instrument relative to mean sea level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean dynamics technical field, more specifically to a kind of method and system for determining the depth of water.
Background technology
Oceanographic survey be with respective measuring instrument directly or indirectly to the physics of ocean, chemistry, biology, geology,
Geomorphology, meteorology are the means that other oceanic conditions are investigated.In oceanographic survey, measuring instrument is in ocean
Accurate depth of water position is that researcher conducts a research work, obtains the premise of high-quality discharge observation data.
On ocean circle, typically existed by the conversion pressure for measuring measuring instrument in ocean into the depth of water to calculate measuring instrument
Exact position in ocean.The method of traditional marine bottom conversion pressure depth of water is to be based on hydrostatic equation and seawater shape
The empirical equation of state equation inference.Using the empirical equation of derivation, the pressure conversion most obtained at last is the gained depth of water, that is, is surveyed
Depth of the measuring appratus to freely extra large surface.
But existing method needs to consider change and sea of the acceleration of gravity with the depth of water and latitude in derivation
The influence of coolant-temperature gage, salinity to density of sea water.Because latitude does not change over time, influence of the latitude to acceleration of gravity is just not yet
Change over time, but the temperature of seawater and salinity change with time larger, density of sea water will also change with the time, i.e.,
The method of the existing pressure conversion depth of water can have error at each moment, and this error is to change with time and change
's.In actual measurement process, measurement of the Marine Environment Factors such as wave, tide and ocean current to seawater pressure can produce shadow
Ring, and depth of the depth of water in existing method obtained by pressure conversion for measuring instrument to freely extra large surface, therefore these factors
Caused error will directly affect last transformation result.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method and system for determining the depth of water to obtain accurate measurement
Instrument relative to average extra large surface depth.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of method for determining the depth of water, methods described include：
Obtain the initial depth of water；
Initial time sea table atmospheric pressure and the first pressure of pressure caused by the above unit area seawater of seabed are obtained respectively
Sum, measuring instrument the initial water depths initial pressure, end time sea table atmospheric pressure and seabed above unit area
The second pressure sum and measuring instrument of pressure caused by seawater are terminating the termination pressure at the depth of water；
The difference of the first pressure sum and the initial pressure is determined respectively, obtains the first numerical value, second pressure
The difference of power sum and the termination pressure, obtain second value；
The difference of the second value and first numerical value is determined, obtains third value；
The reference density of sea water and the ratio of acceleration of gravity parameter multiplied result for determining the third value and transferring, are obtained
Take vertical displacement；
The initial depth of water and the difference of the vertical displacement are determined, obtains the depth of water terminated at the depth of water.
Preferably, the difference of the second value and first numerical value is determined, obtains the described 3rd according to the following equation
Numerical value：
Wherein ,-D (t) is the depth of water, and ρ (t, z) is density of sea water,g(z) it is acceleration of gravity.
Preferably, the time scale that the time span measured according to measuring instrument is far smaller than the change of layer density of sea water is closed
System, obtains the first discreet value of the third value according to the following equation：
Wherein, Δ g (z) is the function of the depth of water, and Δ ρ (t, z) is the function of ocean temperature, salinity and density.
Preferably, according to vertical displacement delta h (t) scope and the Δ g (z) and Δ ρ (t, z) variation relation, and
First discreet value of the third value, second discreet value is obtained according to the following equation：
Preferably, the vertical displacement is obtained according to second discreet value and following formula：
Preferably, methods described also includes：
The 3rd discreet value is obtained, the 3rd discreet value is used for the discreet value for determining the vertical displacement.
Preferably, acquisition the 3rd discreet value includes：
Determine the ratio with the density of sea water and the expression formula multiplied result of the acceleration of gravity；
The reciprocal value is subjected to first order Taylor expansion, obtains the 3rd discreet value reciprocal according to the following equation：
A kind of system for determining the depth of water, the system include：
First acquisition unit, for obtaining the initial depth of water；
Second acquisition unit, cause for obtaining initial time sea table atmospheric pressure respectively with seabed above unit area seawater
The first pressure sum of pressure, measuring instrument the initial pressure of the initial water depths, end time sea table atmospheric pressure with
The second pressure sum of pressure caused by the above unit area seawater of seabed and measuring instrument are terminating the termination pressure at the depth of water；
First determining unit, for determining the difference of the first pressure sum and the initial pressure respectively, obtain the
One numerical value, the difference of the second pressure sum and the termination pressure is determined, obtain second value；
Second determining unit, for determining the difference of the second value and first numerical value, obtain third value；
4th acquiring unit, for the reference density of sea water and acceleration of gravity parameter for determining the third value Yu transferring
The ratio of multiplied result, obtain vertical displacement；
3rd determining unit, for determining the initial depth of water and the difference of the vertical displacement, obtain the termination water
The depth of water of depths.
Preferably, the system also includes：
First estimates unit, and the time span measured according to measuring instrument is far smaller than the time scale of density of sea water change
Relation, the first discreet value of the third value is obtained according to the following equation：
Wherein, Δ g (z) be the depth of water function, the function of Δ ρ (t, z) position ocean temperature, salinity and density；
Second estimates unit, for the change according to vertical displacement delta h (t) scope and the Δ g (z) and Δ ρ (t, z)
Change relation, and the first discreet value of the third value, obtain second discreet value according to the following equation：
3rd estimates unit, for determining the discreet value of the vertical displacement.
Preferably, the described 3rd estimate unit and include：
First computing unit, the inverse of the expression formula multiplied result for determining density of sea water and acceleration of gravity；
Second computing unit, for the reciprocal value to be carried out into first order Taylor expansion, acquisition is described according to the following equation
The 3rd several discreet values：
4th determining unit, the discreet value of the vertical displacement is determined according to the 3rd discreet value and following formula：
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows：
The method provided by the invention for determining the depth of water is simple and easily realizes, passes through the initial depth of water and initial time and end
Only vertical displacement is subtracted each other in the time, is eliminated it is determined that during the depth of water caused by the environmental factors such as wave, tide and ocean current
Error, directly obtain depth of the measuring instrument relative to mean sea level.Due in determination depth of water method provided by the invention
Error is change not over time and changed, therefore the error is foreseeable.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
The embodiment of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also basis
The accompanying drawing of offer obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of a kind of flow chart of method for determining the depth of water provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of another flow chart of method for determining the depth of water provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of a kind of structural representation of system for determining the depth of water provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of another structural representation of system for determining the depth of water provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is an a kind of kernel texture schematic diagram of system for determining the depth of water provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, the embodiments of the invention provide it is a kind of determine the depth of water method a kind of flow chart, can include with
Lower step：
Step 100：Obtain the initial depth of water.
Step 101：Initial time sea table atmospheric pressure and pressure caused by the above unit area seawater of seabed are obtained respectively
First pressure sum, measuring instrument initial water depths initial pressure, end time sea table atmospheric pressure and seabed above unit
The second pressure sum and measuring instrument of pressure caused by area seawater are terminating the termination pressure at the depth of water.
Step 102：First pressure sum and the difference of initial pressure are determined respectively, are obtained the first numerical value, are determined the second pressure
The difference of power sum and termination pressure, obtain second value.
Step 103：The difference of second value and the first numerical value is determined, obtains third value.
Step 104：The reference density of sea water and the ratio of acceleration of gravity parameter multiplied result for determining third value and transferring
Value, obtain vertical displacement.
Step 105：It is determined that the initial depth of water and the difference of vertical displacement, obtain the depth of water terminated at the depth of water.
The method provided by the invention for determining the depth of water, by the initial depth of water and initial time with terminating vertical displacement in the time
The method subtracted each other, eliminate it is determined that error during the depth of water, directly obtains depth of the measuring instrument relative to mean sea level.
Change because the error in determination depth of water method provided by the invention is change not over time, thus the error be can
Prediction.
Refer to Fig. 2, it illustrates it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention it is a kind of determine the depth of water method another flow chart,
It may comprise steps of：
Step 200：Obtain the initial depth of water.
The initial depth of water is set as h (t0), wherein initial depth of water h (t0) can exist by LP methods or according to measuring instrument
What initial time was laid determines in the position that anchor is fastened.
It should be noted that LP methods correct item to realize by adding one.
Step 201：Initial time sea table atmospheric pressure and pressure caused by the above unit area seawater of seabed are obtained respectively
First pressure sum, measuring instrument initial water depths initial pressure, end time sea table atmospheric pressure and seabed above unit
The second pressure sum and measuring instrument of pressure caused by area seawater are terminating the termination pressure at the depth of water.
Wherein, first pressure sum is by sitting base pressure force sensor measuring, being specifically placed in pressure sensor
Seabed or close on the investigation equipment in seabed, because marine bottom is influenceed by environmental factor smaller, sit base pressure force snesor
In seat bottom pressure meter can accurately measure the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of monitoring point, therefore accurate termination can be measured by sitting base pressure force snesor
The depth of water.It should be noted that the acquisition methods of second pressure sum are identical with the acquisition methods of first pressure sum.
By moment t0Initial time is set to, wherein in initial time, the pressure sat measured by base pressure force snesor is extra large table
Atmospheric pressure PaWith seabed above unit area seawater caused by pressure sum Pb(t0).Due to P-h(t) represent that the depth of water is-h (t) places
Utilize acoustic Doppler fluid velocity profile instrument (ADCP.Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler), conductivity-temperature-depth system
Pressure obtained by (Conductivity Temperature and Pressure) or other measuring instruments.I.e. initial
The depth of water-h (t0) place, the initial pressure obtained by measuring instrument in initial water depths is P-h(t0)。
Step 202：First pressure sum and the difference of initial pressure are determined respectively, are obtained the first numerical value, are determined the second pressure
The difference of power sum and termination pressure, obtain second value.
Step 203：The difference of second value and the first numerical value is determined, obtains third value.
Step 204：Obtain the first discreet value of third value.
Step 205：Obtain the second discreet value.
Step 206：Vertical displacement is obtained according to the second discreet value.
Step 207：The 3rd discreet value is obtained, the 3rd discreet value is used for the discreet value for determining vertical displacement.
It should be noted that the acquisition of the 3rd discreet value can be realized in the following way：
One is to determine the inverse of density of sea water and the expression formula multiplied result of acceleration of gravity.
Second, reciprocal value is subjected to first order Taylor expansion, and the formula to carrying out Taylor expansion makees first approximation, can obtain
The 3rd discreet value that must be estimated.
Step 208：It is determined that the initial depth of water and the difference of vertical displacement, obtain the depth of water terminated at the depth of water.
Wherein, obtain is depth of the measuring instrument relative to average extra large surface to the present invention, relative to obtaining in the prior art
The depth on the extra large surface of freedom got, the water depth value at the termination depth of water that the present invention is got are more accurate.
It should be noted that in the case where not considering Pressure Sensor Precision, the pressure that base pressure force snesor is surveyed is sat
PbFor extra large table atmospheric pressure PaWith seabed above unit area seawater caused by pressure sum, its expression formula is：
Wherein, η (t) represents that sea level height rises and falls, and ρ (t, z) represents density of sea water, and g (z) represents acceleration of gravity.
When the depth of water is-h (t), the pressure P that is measured using measuring instrument-h(t) expression formula is：
Wherein, h (t) is the depth of water of the measuring instrument relative to mean sea level.
Wherein, above-mentioned measuring instrument can use ADCP or CTD, while other measuring instruments can also be used to carry out
Pressure measxurement.
Formula (2) is subtracted using formula (1), obtains formula：
Wherein, depth of water h (t) expression formula is：
H (t)=h (t0)-Δh(t) (4)
Wherein, h (t0) it is t=t0The depth of water where moment measuring instrument, Δ h (t) are measuring instrument relative to t=t0When
The vertical displacement at quarter.
When measuring instrument is fixed on marine mooring system, due to being influenceed by horizontal ocean current, measuring instrument will be in level
Direction produces motion.Again because anchor system is anchored on seabed, therefore will produce again while measuring instrument produces motion in the horizontal direction
The displacement of vertical direction, i.e. vertical displacement.
Formula (4) is substituted into formula (3), obtained：
By t=t0, formula (5) is substituted into, is obtained：
Formula (6) is subtracted using formula (5), is obtained：
Because marine bottom ocean current is weaker, seawater flowing is very slow, therefore can consider that sitting bottom pressure meter is maintained at one
The fixed depth of water (change for generally there was only several meters), i.e. D (t) is constant.
Assuming that t-t0＜ ＜ T, the time span of measuring instrument measurement are far smaller than the time scale of density of sea water change, therefore
The Section 1 on the right can be ignored in formula (7), you can obtain the first discreet value.
Because the g (z) of density p (t, z) and the gravity acceleration of seawater expression formula can be written as respectively：
ρ (t, z)=ρ (t0,h(t0))+Δρ(t,z) (8)
G (z)=g (h (t0))+Δg(z) (9)
Wherein, ρ (t0,h(t0)) represent initial time depth of water h (t0) place density of sea water；g(h(t0)) represent initial time
Depth of water h (t0) place acceleration of gravity.
Formula (8) and formula (9) are substituted into formula (7), the expression formula for obtaining Section 2 in formula (7) is：
Wherein, a fixed position, Δ g (z) is only the function of the depth of water, and every meter of change is about 1.092*10- 6m*s-2.According to sea water state equation, Δ ρ (t, z) is the function of ocean temperature, salinity and density.When the vertical position of measuring instrument
When shifting change is less than 10 meters of magnitudes, Δ ρ (t, z) and Δ g (z) excursion are respectively：10kg*m-3With 10-4m*s-2。
Compared with Section 1 in formula (10), its last three can be estimated as：
Error caused by last three is up to 1%, ignores error term, you can the second discreet value is obtained, it is as follows
Shown in formula：
Formula (14) is substituted into formula (7) to obtain：
Therefore,
In formula (16), ρ (t0,h(t0)) and g (h (t0)) can be written as respectively：
ρ(t0,h(t0))=ρ0+Δρ(t0,h(t0)) (17)
g(h(t0))=g0+Δg(h(t0)) (18)
Wherein ρ0=1020kg*m-3And g0=9.8m*s-2Respectively refer to density of sea water and acceleration of gravity.
Formula (17) and formula (18) substitute into the Section 2 on the right in formula (16), while can be with using the expansion of first order Taylor formula
Obtain：
In ocean, ρ (t0,h(t0)) and g (h (t0)) excursion be respectively 20kg*m-3And 0.1m*s-2.In formula
(19) in, the estimation expression formula of single order item is respectively：
Wherein, the worst error of single order item is 3% in formula (20), (21), (22), ignores density of sea water and acceleration of gravity
Caused error, the 3rd discreet value is obtained, is shown below：
Composite type (15) and formula (23) obtain the discreet value of vertical displacement, are shown below：
The expression formula of the depth of water for sum up obtaining terminating at the depth of water is：
Wherein, initial depth of water h (t0) by LP methods or anchor can be placed in initial time cloth according to measuring instrument fasten
Position determine.
Therefore, according to formula (25), if given t sits the pressure of base pressure force snesor and measuring instrument, can with
Depth of water h (t) where to measuring instrument.
The method provided in an embodiment of the present invention for determining the depth of water, marine bottom conversion pressure ocean is being carried out using this method
During the depth of water, theory deduction is carried out using linear perturbation theory, predictor error, directly obtains the water relative to mean sea level
It is deep, reduce influence of the environmental factor to calculating.Error caused by the wherein initial depth of water is an offset error, will not calculated
Change in journey over time and change.When the initial depth of water is mainly derived from measuring instrument and existed to timing, the error of above method
The change that density of sea water caused by the displacement of vertical direction and gravity accelerate, vertical displacement is understood according to above-mentioned theory analysis
Caused relative error is not over 4%, and the error does not change with time and changed.
Corresponding with above method embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of system for determining the depth of water, is applied to
In oceanographic survey, determine that the structural representation of the system of the depth of water refer to shown in Fig. 3, including：First acquisition unit 11, second are obtained
Take unit 12, the first determining unit 13, the second determining unit 14, the 3rd acquiring unit 15 and the 3rd determining unit 16.Wherein：
First acquisition unit 11, for obtaining the initial depth of water.
The initial depth of water is set as h (t0), wherein initial depth of water h (t0) can exist by LP methods or according to measuring instrument
Initial time cloth is placed on position that anchor fastens to determine.
It should be noted that LP methods correct item to realize by adding one.
Second acquisition unit 12, draw for obtaining initial time sea table atmospheric pressure respectively with seabed above unit area seawater
Initial pressure, end time sea table atmospheric pressure of the first pressure sum, measuring instrument of the pressure risen in the initial water depths
With seabed above unit area seawater caused by pressure second pressure sum and measuring instrument terminate the depth of water at termination pressure
Power.
Wherein, first pressure sum is by sitting base pressure force sensor measuring, being specifically placed in pressure sensor
Seabed or close on the investigation equipment in seabed, because marine bottom is influenceed by environmental factor smaller, sit base pressure force snesor
In seat bottom pressure meter can accurately measure the SEA LEVEL VARIATION of monitoring point, therefore accurate termination can be measured by sitting base pressure force snesor
The depth of water.Similarly, the acquisition modes of second pressure sum are identical with the acquisition modes of first pressure sum.
First determining unit 13, for determining the difference of first pressure sum and initial pressure respectively, the first numerical value is obtained,
The difference of second pressure sum and termination pressure is determined, obtains second value.
Second determining unit 14, for determining the difference of second value and the first numerical value, obtain third value.
3rd acquiring unit 15, for the reference density of sea water and acceleration of gravity parameter phase for determining third value with transferring
Multiply the ratio of result, obtain vertical displacement.
3rd determining unit 16, for determining the difference of the initial depth of water and vertical displacement, obtain the depth of water terminated at the depth of water.
The method provided by the invention for determining the depth of water is simple and easily realizes, passes through the initial depth of water and initial time and end
Only vertical displacement is subtracted each other in the time, is eliminated it is determined that during the depth of water caused by the environmental factors such as wave, tide and ocean current
Error, directly obtain depth of the measuring instrument relative to mean sea level.Due in determination depth of water method provided by the invention
Error is change not over time and changed, therefore the error is foreseeable.
Fig. 4 is refer to, it illustrates a kind of another structure for the system for determining the depth of water provided in an embodiment of the present invention to show
It is intended to, on the basis of Fig. 3, can also includes：First estimates unit 17, second estimates unit 18 and the 3rd and estimate unit 19.
Wherein：
First estimates unit 17, the time span for being measured according to measuring instrument be far smaller than density of sea water change when
Between scaling relation, obtain the first discreet value of the third value according to the following equation：
Wherein, Δ g (z) is the function of the depth of water, and Δ ρ (t, z) is the function of ocean temperature, salinity and density.
Because marine bottom ocean current is weaker, seawater flows very slow, therefore can consider that sitting base pressure force snesor keeps
In a fixed depth of water., can when the time span of measuring instrument measurement is far smaller than the time scale of density of sea water change
Third value is estimated with being estimated first in unit, to obtain the first discreet value of third value.
Second estimates unit 18, for according to vertical displacement delta h (t) scope and the Δ g (z) and Δ ρ (t, z)
Variation relation, and the first discreet value of the third value, obtain second discreet value according to the following equation：
3rd estimates unit 19, for determining the discreet value of the vertical displacement.
In addition the 3rd estimate unit and can also use structural representation as shown in Figure 5, can include：5th computing unit
231st, the 6th computing unit 232 and the 4th determining unit 233.Wherein：
First computing unit 231, the inverse of the expression formula multiplied result for determining density of sea water and acceleration of gravity.
Second computing unit 232, for numerical value reciprocal to be carried out into first order Taylor expansion.
The formula being calculated in the first computing unit 231 is deployed using Taylor expansion formula, and it is entered
Row first approximation, the 3rd discreet value is obtained according to first approximation.
4th determining unit 233, the discreet value of the vertical displacement is determined according to the 3rd discreet value and following formula：
It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention determine the depth of water system, using linear perturbation theory carry out theory deduction, predictor error, directly
Connect to obtain the depth of water relative to mean sea level, reduce influence of the environmental factor to calculating.Error caused by the wherein initial depth of water
For an offset error, change that will not be in calculating process over time and change.When the initial depth of water is to timing, above method
Error be mainly derived from the change that density of sea water caused by displacement of the measuring instrument in vertical direction and gravity accelerate, according to
Above-mentioned theory analysis understands the error of vertical displacement not over 4%, and the error does not change with time and changed.
Finally, it is to be noted that, herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms be used merely to by
One entity or operation make a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily require or imply these entities or operation
Between any this actual relation or order be present.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant meaning
Covering including for nonexcludability, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only include that
A little key elements, but also the other element including being not expressly set out, or also include for this process, method, article or
The intrinsic key element of equipment.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", is not arranged
Except other identical element in the process including the key element, method, article or equipment being also present.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, those skilled in the art are enable to realize or using the present invention.To this
A variety of modifications of a little embodiments will be apparent for a person skilled in the art, and generic principles defined herein can
Without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, to realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will not be limited
The embodiments shown herein is formed on, and is to fit to consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty most wide
Scope.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method for determining the depth of water, it is characterised in that methods described includes：Obtain the initial depth of water；Obtain respectively the first pressure sum of pressure caused by initial time sea table atmospheric pressure and seabed above unit area seawater, Measuring instrument is drawn in the initial pressure of the initial water depths, end time sea table atmospheric pressure and seabed above unit area seawater The second pressure sum and measuring instrument of the pressure risen are terminating the termination pressure at the depth of water；Determine the difference of the first pressure sum and the initial pressure respectively, obtain the first numerical value, the second pressure it With the difference with the termination pressure, second value is obtained；The difference of the second value and first numerical value is determined, obtains third value；The reference density of sea water and the ratio of acceleration of gravity parameter multiplied result for determining the third value and transferring, obtain and hang down Straight displacement；The initial depth of water and the difference of the vertical displacement are determined, obtains the depth of water terminated at the depth of water.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that determine the difference of the second value and first numerical value Value, obtains the third value according to the following equation：<mfenced open = "" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>Wherein ,-D (t) is the depth of water, and ρ (t, z) is density of sea water, and g (z) is acceleration of gravity, D (t0) it is the initial time depth of water, h (t0) depth of water where initial time measuring instrument.
- 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that layer is far smaller than according to the time span that measuring instrument measures The time scale relation of density of sea water change, obtains the first discreet value of the third value according to the following equation：<mfenced open = "" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>Wherein, Δ g (z) is the function of the depth of water, and Δ ρ (t, z) is the function of ocean temperature, salinity and density, and Δ h (t) is t Measuring instrument relative to initial time vertical displacement.
- 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that according to vertical displacement delta h (t) scope and the Δ g (z) with Δ ρ (t, z) variation relation, and the first discreet value of the third value, second is obtained according to the following equation and is estimated Value：<mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mrow>
- 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that according to obtaining second discreet value and following formula Vertical displacement：<mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>.</mo> </mrow>
- 6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that include after obtaining the vertical displacement：The 3rd discreet value is obtained, the 3rd discreet value is used for the discreet value for determining the vertical displacement.
- 7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that acquisition the 3rd discreet value includes：Determine the inverse of the density of sea water and the expression formula multiplied result of the acceleration of gravity；By the progress first order Taylor expansion reciprocal, the 3rd discreet value reciprocal is obtained according to the following equation：<mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&Delta;&rho;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&times;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&Delta;g</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&Delta;&rho;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>&Delta;g</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>.</mo> </mrow>
- 8. a kind of system for determining the depth of water, it is characterised in that the system includes：First acquisition unit, for obtaining the initial depth of water；Second acquisition unit, for obtaining initial time sea table atmospheric pressure and pressure caused by the above unit area seawater of seabed respectively The first pressure sum of power, measuring instrument the initial water depths initial pressure, end time sea table atmospheric pressure and seabed The second pressure sum of pressure caused by above unit area seawater and measuring instrument are terminating the termination pressure at the depth of water；First determining unit, for determining the difference of the first pressure sum and the initial pressure respectively, obtain the first number Value, the difference of the second pressure sum and the termination pressure is determined, obtain second value；Second determining unit, for determining the difference of the second value and first numerical value, obtain third value；4th acquiring unit, for determining that the third value is multiplied with the reference density of sea water and acceleration of gravity parameter transferred As a result ratio, vertical displacement is obtained；3rd determining unit, for determining the initial depth of water and the difference of the vertical displacement, obtain at the termination depth of water The depth of water.
- 9. system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the system also includes：First estimates unit, and the time scale that the time span measured according to measuring instrument is far smaller than density of sea water change is closed System, obtains the first discreet value of the third value according to the following equation：<mfenced open = "" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced>Wherein, Δ g (z) be the depth of water function, the function of Δ ρ (t, z) position ocean temperature, salinity and density, h (t0) for it is initial when The depth of water where carving measuring instrument, Δ h (t) are vertical displacement of the t measuring instrument relative to initial time；Second estimates unit, is closed for the change according to vertical displacement delta h (t) scope and the Δ g (z) and Δ ρ (t, z) System, and the first discreet value of the third value, obtain second discreet value according to the following equation：<mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&Integral;</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>3rd estimates unit, for determining the discreet value of the vertical displacement.
- 10. system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the described 3rd, which estimates unit, includes：First computing unit, the inverse of the expression formula multiplied result for determining density of sea water and acceleration of gravity；Second computing unit, for by it is described it is reciprocal carry out first order Taylor expansion, obtain described reciprocal the according to the following equation Three discreet values：<mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&Delta;&rho;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&times;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&Delta;g</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&Delta;&rho;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>&Delta;g</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>h</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&rho;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>4th determining unit, determine that the discreet value of the vertical displacement is according to the 3rd discreet value and following formula：
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| JP2911838B2 (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1999-06-23 | 株式会社カイジョー | Pressure wave gauge |
| BRPI0600797B1 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2018-03-20 | Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | WAVES AND TIDES MONITORING AND RECORD SYSTEM |
| JP2008096303A (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2008-04-24 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Immersion type water gauge |
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| CN102486392A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 乌兰察布新奥气化采煤技术有限公司 | Water level monitoring device and water level monitoring method |
| CN102435255A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-05-02 | 三一电气有限责任公司 | Real-time detection device of water level of ocean water and method thereof |
| CN103196516A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-10 | 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 | Method and device for detecting water depth of mobile terminal |
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