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CN104442791B - 驾驶员提示制动系统和方法 - Google Patents

驾驶员提示制动系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104442791B
CN104442791B CN201410495853.7A CN201410495853A CN104442791B CN 104442791 B CN104442791 B CN 104442791B CN 201410495853 A CN201410495853 A CN 201410495853A CN 104442791 B CN104442791 B CN 104442791B
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driver
vehicle
braking
prompt
brake
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CN104442791A (zh
Inventor
库尔特·米茨
亚伦·L·米尔斯
戴尔·斯科特·克劳姆贝兹
丹尼尔·A·伽柏
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q9/00Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
    • B60Q9/008Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling for anti-collision purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B60T7/22Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger initiated by contact of vehicle, e.g. bumper, with an external object, e.g. another vehicle, or by means of contactless obstacle detectors mounted on the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q5/00Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices
    • B60Q5/005Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated
    • B60Q5/006Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated indicating risk of collision between vehicles or with pedestrians
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2201/00Particular use of vehicle brake systems; Special systems using also the brakes; Special software modules within the brake system controller
    • B60T2201/02Active or adaptive cruise control system; Distance control
    • B60T2201/022Collision avoidance systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2210/00Detection or estimation of road or environment conditions; Detection or estimation of road shapes
    • B60T2210/30Environment conditions or position therewithin
    • B60T2210/32Vehicle surroundings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种驾驶员提示制动系统,包含:适用于感测至少一个位于车辆前方的物体的检测装置;与检测装置相接合的检测系统,该检测系统适用于检测至少一个物体;以及与检测系统相接合的制动指导系统,该制动指导系统适用于为车辆驾驶员确定制动应用时机,以避开物体以及优化车辆燃油经济性。另外,一种驾驶员提示制动方法也一同被公开。

Description

驾驶员提示制动系统和方法
技术领域
本发明的说明性实施例涉及车辆制动。更具体地,本发明的说明性实施例涉及一种驾驶员提示制动系统和方法,该系统和方法就车辆缓行或即将停止时制动应用的最佳时间给予车辆驾驶员提示,以提高车辆经济性。
背景技术
机动车辆驾驶员会由于车辆缓行或即将停止时的非理想制动而有损燃油经济性。在车辆拥有再生制动功能的情况下,车辆制动的较早开始和逐渐应用可以提高车辆燃油经济性或能量获取。
相应的,能够在车辆缓行或即将停止时制动应用的最佳时间给予车辆驾驶员提示的驾驶员提示制动系统和方法是可取的。
发明内容
本发明的说明性实施例总体上针对驾驶员提示制动系统,该系统就车辆缓行或即将停止时制动应用的最佳时间给予车辆驾驶员提示,以提高车辆经济性。该系统的说明性实施例包含:适用于感测至少一个位于车辆前方的物体的检测装置;与检测装置相接合的检测系统,该检测系统适用于检测至少一个物体;以及与检测系统相接合的制动指导统,该制动指导系统适用于为车辆驾驶员确定制动应用时机,以避开物体以及优化车辆燃油经济性。
本发明的说明性实施例总体上进一步针对一种驾驶员提示制动方法。该方法的说明性实施例包含:计算车辆能够避开物体所需要的必需减速度,比较必需减速度与减速度临界值,并且如果必需减速度超出减速度临界值,则向车辆驾驶员提示最佳制动应用时机。
附图说明
下述参考附图通过示例的方式描述本发明的说明性实施例,其中:
图1是说明一种车辆的框图,该车辆装备有示例性运用驾驶员提示制动方法的驾驶员提示制动系统的说明性实施例。
图2是示例性的制动时机指示器的框图。
图3是驾驶员提示制动方法说明性实施例的流程图。
图4是说明运用驾驶员提示制动方法的实施例的加速器扭矩对应关系的线形图。
具体实施方式
以下的具体实施方式实际上仅为示例性的,其目的并非限制描述的实施例或描述的实施例的应用和用途。这里所用的词“示例性的”或“说明性的”意为“用作示例,实例或例证”。这里作为“示例性的”或“说明性的”进行描述的实施方式并不一定解释为是比其它实施方式优选或有利。下述所有实施方式均为可供本领域的技术人员实践本发明的示例性实施方式,并非意在限制权利要求的范围。而且,这里所述的说明性实施例并非详尽无遗,并且除这里所述的以及落入权利要求范围内的实施例或实施方式以外的实施例或实施方式也是可行的。此外,并不存在受前述技术领域、背景技术、发明内容或下述具体实施方式中提出的任何明示或暗示的理论的约束的意图。
首先参照图1,装配有运用驾驶员提示制动方法的驾驶员提示制动系统101的说明性实施例的车辆100如图所示。系统101可以包含面向车辆100前方的检测装置102。在一些实施例中,检测装置102可以包含相机。在一些实施例中,检测装置102可以包含雷达、激光雷达或者车对车(V2V)或车对基础设施(V2I)通信设备。检测系统104可以与相机102相接合。检测系统104可以适用于检测至少一个接近车辆100且位于车辆100前方相机102视野范围103以内的物体118。
制动指导系统106可以与检测系统104相接合。制动时机指示器108可以与制动指导系统106相接合。制动指导系统106适用于在车辆100接近物体118时计算车辆100避开车辆100前方物体118所需的减速度。制动指导系统106可以运用车辆100的速度和车辆100与物体118之间的距离来计算所需减速度。
制动指导系统106可以进一步适用于电子储存预设减速度临界值,并将所需减速度临界值与预设减速度临界值作比较。如果所需减速度临界值高于减速度临界值,则制动指导系统106可以适用于向制动时机指示器108发送信号。制动时机指示器108适用于向驾驶员提示制动应用最佳时机,由此车辆驾驶员将及时应用车辆制动以避开物体118,并且优化车辆100的燃油经济性,正如下文所描述的那样。
接下来参照图2,在一些实施例中,系统101的制动时机指示器108可以包含至少一个驾驶员提示器110。驾驶员提示器110可以通过仪表组111从视觉上、通过语音提示装置112从听觉上和/或通过驾驶员座椅的震动将最佳制动时机传达给车辆驾驶员。在一些实施例中,驾驶员提示器110可直接以通过平视显示器将最佳制动时机传达给车辆驾驶员。在一些实施例中,制动时机指示器108可以在最佳制动应用时机改变加速器扭矩对应(accelerator torque map)114,由此加速器扭矩将较之平常响应性低,并进一步告知车辆驾驶员燃油效率最高的驾驶行为。在一些实施例中,驾驶员提示制动系统101可以被设置为被动的,在那里系统101可以在最佳制动应用时机使用该信息并进一步改善混合动力电动汽车(HEV)100的制动指导评分。
在系统101的一些示例性应用中,相机102看到在车辆100行驶道路上的物体108。物体108可以是车辆100行驶道路上或附近缓行或停止的车辆、自行车或其他物体,或是红灯或停车标记,且车辆驾驶员必须放慢或停止车辆100以避开物体118。检测系统101检测到物体118,制动指导系统106计算减缓或停止车辆100并避开物体118所需的减速度。制动指导系统106将所需减速度与预设减速度临界值作比较。如果所需减速度临界值高于减速度临界值,则制动时机指示器108通过仪表组111(图2)、语音提示112和/或座椅震动113传递最佳制动应用时机至车辆驾驶员。在一些实施例中,制动指导系统106可以在最佳制动应用时机改变加速器扭矩对应114,由此加速扭矩将较之平常响应性低,并进一步告知车辆驾驶员燃油效率最高的驾驶行为。在一些实施例中,驾驶员提示制动系统101可以是被动的,在那里系统101可以在最佳制动应用时机使用该信息并进一步改善混合动力电动汽车(HEV)100的制动指导评分。
接着参考图3,驾驶员提示制动方法的说明性实施例的流程图如图所示。在图4中,说明运用驾驶员提示制动方法的实施例的加速器扭矩对应关系的线形图如图所示。方法从图3的302框开始。在框304中,计算为达到适当稳定的行车间距而需要的减速度。计算将以车辆与物体间的接近度(框306)和车辆的速度(308)为基础。在一些实施例中,304框中的计算可以包括减速度的计算,需要该减速度以便在框305中在十字路口实现合适的停车距离以避开车辆行驶道路上或附近缓行或停止的车辆、自行车或其他物体,或是红灯或停车标记。在框310中,将针对在框304中计算出的所需减速度是否大于预设减速度临界值进行测定。如果所需减速度大于减速度临界值,则将向车辆驾驶员提供信息使车辆驾驶员能够在最佳制动应用时机开始制动(框312)。如果所需减速度不大于减速度临界值,该方法将于框316结束。在框314中,在一些实施例中,车辆动力系统扭矩可以调整以减小加速度。如图4中的曲线所示。方法可以于框316结束。
尽管针对特定的示例性实施例对本发明的实施例进行了描述,但应理解的是具体的实施例是用于说明性目的,并非进行限制,因为本领域的技术人员来将会想到其它变化形式。

Claims (8)

1.一种车辆驾驶员提示制动系统,其特征在于,包含:适用于感测至少一个位于车辆前方的物体的检测装置;与检测装置相接合的检测系统,该检测系统适用于检测至少一个物体;以及与检测系统相接合的制动指导系统,该制动指导系统适用于为车辆驾驶员确定制动应用时机,以避开物体以及优化车辆燃油经济性,并且该制动指导系统适用于在所需减速度大于减速度临界值的情况下向车辆驾驶员提示制动应用时机,该所需减速度包括为达到稳定的行车间距而需要的减速度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,进一步包含与制动指导系统相接合的制动时机指示器,该制动时机指示器适用于向车辆驾驶员提示制动应用时机。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其特征在于,制动时机指示器适用于向车辆驾驶员传达驾驶员提示。
4.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其特征在于,驾驶员提示通过仪表组传达。
5.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其特征在于,驾驶员提示通过语音提示传达。
6.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其特征在于,驾驶员提示通过驾驶员座椅震动传达。
7.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,驾驶员提示通过仪表组、语音提示和驾驶员座椅震动的任意组合传达。
8.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,制动指导系统适用于在制动应用时机减小车辆加速器扭矩。
CN201410495853.7A 2013-09-24 2014-09-24 驾驶员提示制动系统和方法 Expired - Fee Related CN104442791B (zh)

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