CN104393424B - The arm spiral Wide band array antenna of satellite navigation precision approach four - Google Patents
The arm spiral Wide band array antenna of satellite navigation precision approach four Download PDFInfo
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- CN104393424B CN104393424B CN201410679814.2A CN201410679814A CN104393424B CN 104393424 B CN104393424 B CN 104393424B CN 201410679814 A CN201410679814 A CN 201410679814A CN 104393424 B CN104393424 B CN 104393424B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of arm spiral Wide band array antenna of satellite navigation precision approach four, it is made up of 7 arm spiral laminated bays of structure identical four, wherein 6 four arm spiral laminateds day array element lines are uniformly distributed circumferentially, and 1 four arm spiral laminated bay is centrally disposed；Four arm spiral laminated bays are made up of four arm spiral laminated antennas, feeding network and the low noise amplifier circuit for cascading；Four arm spiral laminated antennas include the upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna for the satellite-signal for receiving different frequency range respectively that stacking is placed.It realizes L1 and L2C frequency ranges, B1 the and B2 frequency ranges of the Big Dipper, E1 the and E5 frequency band signals reception of GALILEO that can receive GPS, array-element antenna gain is uniformly and with high phase place center, gain can be formed to satellite navigation signals at low elevation angles, the ARRAY PROCESSING for being conducive to multipath signal to suppress realizes that the multisystem, multifrequency point, integrity needed for being advantageously implemented aircraft precision approach are processed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of four arms spiral Wide band array antenna, the especially a kind of arm spiral of satellite navigation precision approach four
Wide band array antenna, belongs to satellite navigation aviation enhancing technical field.
Background technology
The essence of satellite navigation system is radio distance-measuring.Receiver antenna is the pass for realizing radio signal reception
The indexs such as key section, its directional diagram, bandwidth of operation and phase stability directly determine receiver overall performance.
Multiple single antenna are rearranged antenna system by array antenna according to certain rules, by the feedback for adjusting each antenna element
Electrically and arrangement regulation realizes specific directional diagram, polarization characteristic and bandwidth characteristic needs, with important application prospect
And meaning.
Satellite navigation turns into a kind of important technology approach that aviation aircraft is positioned, and can be applied to Route reform and precision is entered
Closely.For meet the aircraft accurate stage precision and integrity requirement, it is necessary to introduce strengthening system, it is by many reference receivers
Constituted with integrity processing information facility.For ease of integrity monitoring, the antenna gain of reference receiver wishes there is uniform spy
Property.Additionally, satellite navigation signals are weak, easily by external interference, reference receiver wishes to improve with signal intensity and AF panel
Function.
Array antenna can improve the anti-multipath of reference receiver, interference free performance, improve navigation and positioning accuracy, lead satellite
Boat is applied to aircraft landing, the use occasion of the high-precision requirements such as warship.But, current reference receiver antenna is generally used
High-precision antenna, not possessing flatness, signal intensity improves and interference rejection capability.
Lopez, A.R etc. are in GPS landing system reference antenna, IEEE, Volume:52,
ISSE:1,2010,Page:Using 21 array element 1 road signals of formation in 104-113, the antenna radiation pattern gain of composition is uniform, but
GPS L1, L2 and L5 frequency is only received, does not consider that Radio frequency interference suppresses, and its antenna is in " bar " shape, adds Module of aerial,
Overall dimensions have certain altitude, need to consider the limit for height requirement on airport during installation.NAVSYS companies have developed applied to GPS's
Array antenna, for improving signal gain, enhancing antijamming capability, but does not consider antenna gain uniformity.
Current technology scheme primarily directed to gps system, not comprising other satellite navigation systems；" antenna gain is uniform
Property " and the design of " signal intensity improves and possesses AF panel " two aspect be not provided simultaneously with.
The present invention devises the arm helical array of satellite navigation four day of multisystem multifrequency point according to four-arm spiral antenna feature
Line, by the antenna pattern for selecting appropriate physical size to form uniform gain, to meet precision approach reference receiver
High-performance treatments demand.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of arm spiral Wide band array antenna of satellite navigation precision approach four.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
The arm spiral Wide band array antenna of a kind of satellite navigation precision approach four, by 7 arm spiral laminateds of structure identical four
Bay is constituted, wherein 6 four arm spiral laminateds day array element lines are uniformly distributed circumferentially, 1 four arm spiral laminated antenna
Array element is centrally disposed；The four arms spiral laminated bay is by the four arm spiral laminated antennas cascaded, feeding network and low
Noise amplifier circuit is constituted；The four arms spiral laminated antenna includes the upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and the arm of lower floor four that stacking is placed
Helical antenna；The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna receive the satellite-signal of different frequency range respectively.
The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna by the consistent spiral conducting line of four length, between waiting
Formed away from axis coiling is enclosed.The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna receives the satellite-signal of 1.5G frequency ranges, the arm spiral of the lower floor four
Antenna receives the satellite-signal of 1.2G frequency ranges.
The lead angle of the upper strata four-arm spiral antenna is 45 °, and antenna diameter is 25mm；The arm spiral of the lower floor four day
Its lead angle of line is 65 °, and the width of spiral arm is 2mm, and antenna diameter is 35mm.
The feeding network is electric bridge feeding network.
The electric bridge feeding network includes electric bridge chip N1-N6；3 pin and 4 pin of described electric bridge chip N1, N3 are connected respectively
The feed port of layer each spiral conducting line of four-arm spiral antenna；Described electric bridge chip N5, N7 3 pin and 4 pin connect the arm of lower floor four respectively
The feed port of each spiral conducting line of helical antenna；3 pin and 4 pin of the electric bridge chip N2 meet electric bridge the chip N1 and N3 respectively
1 pin, its 1 pin as the electric bridge feeding network the first output end；3 pin and 4 pin of the electric bridge chip N6 meet institute respectively
State 1 pin of electric bridge chip N5 and N7, its 1 pin as the electric bridge feeding network the second output end.
The low noise amplifier circuit is by low-noise amplifier A1-A3, bandpass filter Z1-Z2, combiner N4, resistance
R1-R6, electric capacity C1-C4, inductance L1 compositions；The input of the low-noise amplifier A1 and A2 connects the electric bridge transmission network respectively
First output end and the second output end of network, its output end connect 1 pin of the bandpass filter Z1 and Z2 respectively；The resistance
R1-R3 is end to end, and the node between resistance R1 and R2 connects 2 pin of the bandpass filter Z1, and the node between resistance R1 and R3 connects
3 pin of combiner N4, the node ground connection between resistance R2 and R3；The resistance R4-R6 is end to end, the node between resistance R4 and R5
2 pin of the bandpass filter Z2 are connect, the node between resistance R4 and R6 connects 4 pin of combiner N4, the node between resistance R5 and R6
Ground connection；The 1 foot meridian capacitor C3 of the low-noise amplifier A3 connects 6 pin of combiner N4, and its 6 pin connects+3.3V power supplys through inductance L1,
Its 4 pin meets electric capacity C4；The electric capacity C4 other end as the low noise amplifier circuit output end.
It is using the beneficial effect produced by above-mentioned technical proposal：
1st, the present invention uses the Wide-Band Design, realizes L1 and L2C frequency ranges, B1 the and B2 frequency ranges of the Big Dipper, the GALILEO of GPS
E1 and E5 frequency band signals array received, with broadband feature, meet the multimode multi-frequency point demand of reference receiver；Often
Road signal synthesizes the output of 1 tunnel, is easy to connection to use.
2nd, antenna gain of the invention has uniform properties, can carry out satellite navigation signals enhancing and AF panel, favorably
Multisystem, multifrequency point, integrity processing needed for aircraft precision approach is realized.Mutual coupling of antenna is small, with high stability phase
Position center.
3rd, inventive antenna has preferable hemispherical radiation properties, is easy to ARRAY PROCESSING that higher gain is formed at low elevation angles.
Meet satellite navigation aviation enhancing application demand.
4th, two frequency band signals of the invention amplify filter again respectively, it is ensured that not by out-of-band interference effect of signals, and
With good channels selectivity.
5th, the present invention advantageously reduces equipment volume and power consumption, is easy to high-acruracy survey.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the top view of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of four arms spiral laminated bay of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of four arms spiral laminated bay of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of present invention feed networking and low-noise amplifier.
1：Upper strata four-arm spiral antenna, 2：Copper bar, 3：Lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna, 4：Base
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, a kind of arm spiral Wide band array antenna of satellite navigation precision approach four, by 7 structure identicals four
Arm spiral laminated bay is constituted, wherein 6 four arm spiral laminateds day array element lines are uniformly distributed circumferentially, 1 four arm spiral shell
Rotation laminated antenna array element is centrally disposed.As shown in Fig. 2 the four arms spiral laminated bay is folded by the four arm spirals for cascading
Layer antenna, feeding network and low noise amplifier circuit composition.The four arms spiral laminated antenna includes the upper strata four that stacking is placed
Arm helical antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna；The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna are received not respectively
With the satellite-signal of frequency range.
As shown in figure 3, the upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna are by the consistent spiral shell of four length
Wire is revolved, axis coiling is equidistantly enclosed and forms.The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna are long by four
The consistent spiral conducting line of degree, equidistantly encloses axis coiling and forms.The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna receives the satellite of 1.5G frequency ranges
Signal, lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna receives the satellite-signal of 1.2G frequency ranges.
It is in order to ensure broad beam, the gain uniform properties of precision approach system reference antenna, the antenna with side radiation direction of antenna is special
Property makees key design.Wavelength corresponding to helical antenna resonant frequency is to be determined by antenna diameter and lead angle：
λ=π d (1+cos α)/sin α
According to this design formula, design is optimized to antenna, optimization Simulation result is：
Upper strata four-arm spiral antenna receives the satellite-signal of 1.5G frequency ranges, and its lead angle is 45 °, a diameter of 25mm；Under
Layer four-arm spiral antenna receives the satellite-signal of 1.2G frequency ranges, and its lead angle is 65 °, and the width of spiral arm is 2mm, a diameter of
35mm。
The feeding network is electric bridge feeding network.
As shown in figure 4, the electric bridge feeding network includes electric bridge chip N1-N6；3 pin and 4 of described electric bridge chip N1, N3
Pin connects the feed port of each spiral conducting line of layer four-arm spiral antenna respectively；3 pin of described electric bridge chip N5, N7 and 4 pin are distinguished
Connect the feed port of each spiral conducting line of lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna；3 pin and 4 pin of the electric bridge chip N2 connect the electric bridge respectively
1 pin of chip N1 and N3, its 1 pin as the electric bridge feeding network the first output end；3 pin and 4 of the electric bridge chip N6
Pin connects 1 pin of electric bridge the chip N5 and N7 respectively, its 1 pin as the electric bridge feeding network the second output end.
As shown in figure 4, the low noise amplifier circuit is by low-noise amplifier A1-A3, bandpass filter Z1-Z2, combining
Device N4, resistance R1-R6, electric capacity C1-C4, inductance L1 compositions；The input of the low-noise amplifier A1 and A2 connects described respectively
First output end and the second output end of electric bridge feeding network, its output end connect 1 pin of the bandpass filter Z1 and Z2 respectively；
The resistance R1-R3 is end to end, and the node between resistance R1 and R2 connects 2 pin of the bandpass filter Z1, between resistance R1 and R3
Node connect 3 pin of combiner N4, the node ground connection between resistance R2 and R3；The resistance R4-R6 is end to end, resistance R4 and R5
Between node connect 2 pin of the bandpass filter Z2, the node between resistance R4 and R6 connects 4 pin of combiner N4, resistance R5 and R6
Between node ground connection；The 1 foot meridian capacitor C3 of the low-noise amplifier A3 connects 6 pin of combiner N4, and its 6 pin connect through inductance L1+
3.3V power supplys, its 4 pin meets electric capacity C4；The other end of electric capacity C4 as the low noise amplifier circuit output end.
B1 the and B2 frequency ranges of L1 and L2C frequency ranges, the Big Dipper according to GPS, the frequency of the E1 and E5 frequency band signals of GALILEO set
Put, the two frequency bins of each system, be belonging respectively to two frequency ranges：L1, B1, E1 signal belong to 1.5GHz frequency ranges, L2C, B2, E5 letter
Number belong to 1.2GHz frequency ranges.
Four arm spiral laminated antennas are used carries out lamination placement form, upper strata helical antenna work by two four-arm spiral antennas
Make in 1.5GHz frequency ranges, lower floor's helical antenna is operated in 1.2GHz frequency ranges.Four spiral arm current amplitudes of upper strata helical antenna
It is equal, fed using electric bridge, the phase difference between 4 ports be followed successively by 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° of modes are fed.Lower floor's spiral shell
Revolve antenna four spiral arm current amplitudes it is equal, fed using electric bridge, the phase difference between 4 ports be followed successively by 0 °, 90 °,
180 °, 270 ° of modes are fed.
Upper strata helical antenna uses flexible PCB structure, is bent, and is printed as in one with antenna radiating element.Under
Helical layer antenna bottom is designed using plane PCB construction.
The feeder cable of upper strata helical antenna is 69mm from height, and the copper pipe inside of a diameter of 10mm passes through, upper helical layer
Antenna and lower floor's helical antenna are apart from 51mm.
Feed networking uses the XC1400P-03S of Anaren companies, and its imbalance of amplitude and phase degree is 0.3dB/4 °, with good
Width balance each other characteristic, and ensure that antenna excellent axle ratio and Phase center stability.
Low-noise amplifier prime uses the ultra-low noise device WHM14-3020LE of WANTCOM companies, bandpass filter
CMF44C1575C32B and NBF4565C1166C98A respectively filter the satellite navigation signals of 1.5GHz frequency ranges and 1.2GHz frequency ranges
Go out.
Resistance R1, R2, R3 and R4, R5, R6 constitute two inter-stage matching networks, it is ensured that the port of bandpass filter have compared with
Small voltage standing wave ratio, so that the good amplitude versus frequency characte of bandpass filter is not influenceed by rear end.
Using the SBTC-2-25 of MINI-CIRCUITS by two frequency band signals combinings, low noise amplification is carried out afterwards, it is whole
Less than 0.8dB, gain is 40dB to the noise coefficient that individual amplitude limit field is put.
Two frequency band signals amplify the design for filtering again and ensure that not by out-of-band interference effect of signals, and with good respectively
Good channel selectivity.
Claims (4)
1. the arm spiral Wide band array antenna of a kind of satellite navigation precision approach four, it is characterised in that：By 7 arms of structure identical four
Spiral laminated bay is constituted, wherein 6 four arm spiral laminateds day array element lines are uniformly distributed circumferentially, 1 four arm spiral
Laminated antenna array element is centrally disposed；The four arms spiral laminated bay by cascade four arm spiral laminated antennas, feed
Network and low noise amplifier circuit are constituted；The four arms spiral laminated antenna include stacking place upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and
Lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna；The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna receive the satellite of different frequency range respectively
Signal；
Wherein, the feeding network is electric bridge feeding network, and the low noise amplifier circuit is by low-noise amplifier A1-A3, band
Bandpass filter Z1-Z2, combiner N4, resistance R1-R6, electric capacity C1-C4, inductance L1 compositions；The low-noise amplifier A1 and A2
Input connect first output end and the second output end of the electric bridge feeding network respectively, its output end connects the band logical respectively
1 pin of wave filter Z1 and Z2；The resistance R1-R3 is end to end, and the node between resistance R1 and R2 meets the bandpass filter Z1
2 pin, the node between resistance R1 and R3 connects combiner N4 3 pin, the node ground connection between resistance R2 and R3；The resistance R4-R6
End to end, the node between resistance R4 and R5 connects 2 pin of the bandpass filter Z2, and the node between resistance R4 and R6 connects combiner
4 pin of N4, the node ground connection between resistance R5 and R6；The 1 foot meridian capacitor C3 of the low-noise amplifier A3 connects the 6 of combiner N4
Pin, its 6 pin connects+3.3V power supplys through inductance L1, and its 4 pin meets electric capacity C4；The other end of electric capacity C4 is used as low noise amplification electricity
The output end on road.
2. the arm spiral Wide band array antenna of a kind of satellite navigation precision approach according to claim 1 four, it is characterised in that：
The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna and lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna equidistantly enclose axis by the consistent spiral conducting line of four length
Coiling is formed；The upper strata four-arm spiral antenna receives the satellite-signal of 1.5G frequency ranges.
3. the arm spiral Wide band array antenna of a kind of satellite navigation precision approach according to claim 2 four, it is characterised in that：
Its lead angle is 45 °, a diameter of 25mm；Lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna receives the satellite-signal of 1.2G frequency ranges, its spiral
Lift angle is 65 °, and the width of spiral arm is 2mm, a diameter of 35mm.
4. the arm spiral Wide band array antenna of a kind of satellite navigation precision approach according to claim 1 four, it is characterised in that：
The electric bridge feeding network includes electric bridge chip N1-N6；3 pin and 4 pin of described electric bridge chip N1, N3 connect the arm spiral shell of layer four respectively
Revolve the feed port of each spiral conducting line of antenna；3 pin and 4 pin of described electric bridge chip N5, N7 connect lower floor's four-arm spiral antenna respectively
The feed port of each spiral conducting line；3 pin and 4 pin of the electric bridge chip N2 connect 1 pin of electric bridge the chip N1 and N3 respectively, its
1 pin as the electric bridge feeding network the first output end；3 pin and 4 pin of the electric bridge chip N6 connect the electric bridge core respectively
1 pin of piece N5 and N7, its 1 pin as the electric bridge feeding network the second output end.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106025516A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-10-12 | 王博 | Multi-band common-caliber composite miniature cloud tower antenna |
| CN107425273A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-12-01 | 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 | A kind of Big Dipper spar buoy antenna |
| CN107706508A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-02-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of anti-multipath antenna for satellite navigation precision approach system |
| CN110519684A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳市微能信息科技有限公司 | For measuring the aerial array and positioning system of Bluetooth carrier phase and phase difference |
| WO2021082016A1 (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2021-05-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna array and communication device |
| CN110988925B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-09-27 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Satellite navigation receiver pulse interference detection and parameter determination method |
| CN115642389A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-01-24 | 深圳市阿瑞仕科技有限公司 | Multi-frequency-band four-arm spiral antenna of portable communication equipment |
| CN115458955B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-10-10 | 无锡国芯微电子系统有限公司 | Multi-band single-winding helical antenna |
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| CN204179236U (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-02-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Satellite navigation precision approach Wide band array antenna |
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| US6738024B2 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2004-05-18 | Ems Technologies Canada, Ltd. | Mechanism for differential dual-directional antenna array |
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| CN204179236U (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-02-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Satellite navigation precision approach Wide band array antenna |
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