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CN104379713A - Compressor and air conditioner - Google Patents

Compressor and air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104379713A
CN104379713A CN201380031349.5A CN201380031349A CN104379713A CN 104379713 A CN104379713 A CN 104379713A CN 201380031349 A CN201380031349 A CN 201380031349A CN 104379713 A CN104379713 A CN 104379713A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil
compressor
ester oil
polyvalent alcohol
refrigerator oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201380031349.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104379713B (en
Inventor
太田亮
井关崇
荒木邦成
村上晃启
高藤亮一
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Hitachi Johnson Controls Air Conditioning Inc
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Hitachi Appliances Inc
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Publication of CN104379713A publication Critical patent/CN104379713A/en
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Publication of CN104379713B publication Critical patent/CN104379713B/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/24—Only one single fluoro component present
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
    • C10M2205/0225—Ethene used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/301—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/09—Characteristics associated with water
    • C10N2020/097—Refrigerants
    • C10N2020/101—Containing Hydrofluorocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/70—Soluble oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a compressor which comprises a compression chamber having a sliding portion and in which difluoromethane which is a refrigerant and a refrigerating machine oil are enclosed, wherein the refrigerating machine oil contains two prescribed types of polyol ester oils (a first polyol ester oil and a second polyol ester oil) and contains 20 mol% or more of the second polyol ester oil. The lower temperature side critical solution temperature of the mixture of the refrigerant and the first polyol ester oil and the second polyol ester oil is +10 DEG C or less. The refrigerating machine oil further contains a compression portion sealing agent which has a kinematic viscosity at 40 DEG C of over 180 mm2/s and which is contained in an amount of 1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture. The kinematic viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil at 40 DEG C is 30 to 90 mm2/s. According to the above, refrigerant leakage can be suppressed and efficiency of the compressor can be improved.

Description

Compressor and air-conditioning plant
Technical field
The present invention relates to compressor and air-conditioning plant.
Background technology
The R410A of the refrigeration agent used in conditioner field is the mixture of HFC (Hydrofluorocarbons) 32/HFC125 (50,/50 % by weight), GWP (GlobalWarming Potential)=2088, for height, therefore, when the air-conditioning plant of anxious to be application GWP the be low replacement refrigeration agent of thing.
As this alternative refrigerant, consider from reasons such as thermal physical characteristic, low GWP, hypotoxicity, low combustibles, candidate have 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoeopropene (HFO1234yf (Hydrofluoroolefin) (GWP=4), 1,3, the separate refrigeration agent of 3,3-tetrafluoeopropene (HFO1234ze) (GWP=10) or methylene fluoride (HFC32) or their mix refrigerant.As other refrigeration agent, can enumerate: the hydrofluoroalkane of the hydrocarbon polymer such as propane, propylene and the low GWP such as fluoroethane (HFC161), C2H4F2 C2H4F2 (HFC152a).In the refrigeration agent of these candidates, consider the change (exploitation) etc. of plant efficiency decline that the thermograde of combustibility, cooling and warming ability, non-azeotropic refrigerant causes, ease for operation, refrigeration agent cost, equipment, most preferably methylene fluoride (HFC32).
Refrigerator oil uses in sealed electrical compressor, plays the effects such as the lubrication of its sliding part, sealing, cooling.A characteristic important in refrigerator oil is the intermiscibility with refrigeration agent.But, low with the intermiscibility of refrigerator oil in HFC32, therefore, in such as patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2, disclose the refrigerator oil that improve with the intermiscibility of HFC32.
Prior art document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: JP 2010-235960 publication
Patent documentation 2: JP 2002-129178 publication
Summary of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
The specific heat ratio of HFC32 is little, so outflow temperature uprises, thus, the temperature of compressor also uprises.Therefore, thermosteresis was caused when sucking refrigeration agent.In addition, because molecular weight is little, molecular velocity is fast, so easily cause refrigeration agent from the leakage of the compression unit of compressor.Therefore, there is the reduction of the compressor efficiency that volume decrease in efficiency causes.The problem of refrigerator oil to refrigrant leakage that patent documentation 1 and 2 is recorded all does not take into full account.
The object of the invention is suppress refrigrant leakage and improve compressor efficiency.
In order to solve the means of problem
For realizing described object, the invention provides compressor, possesses the pressure space with sliding part, and the methylene fluoride be sealed with as refrigeration agent and refrigerator oil, it is characterized in that, the first polyvalent alcohol ester oil that refrigerator oil represents containing useful following chemical formula (1) and represent with following chemical formula (2) the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil (in formula, R 1~ R 6alkyl for carbon number 3 ~ 8), and contain the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil of more than 20 % by mole, the low temperature side Kraft point of the mixture of refrigeration agent and the first polyvalent alcohol ester oil and the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil is less than+10 DEG C, and refrigerator oil also contains the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C more than 180mm 2the compression unit sealing agent of/s, compression unit sealing agent is 1 ~ 30 weight part relative to mixture 100 weight part, and the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C of refrigerator oil is 30 ~ 90mm 2/ s.
[changing 1]
[changing 2]
Invention effect
According to the present invention, can refrigrant leakage be suppressed, and can compressor efficiency be improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sketch chart of the formation representing air-conditioning plant;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view representing vortex hermetic type compressor.
Embodiment
Below, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Compressor possesses the pressure space with sliding part, is sealed with the methylene fluoride as refrigeration agent and refrigerator oil.At this, the first polyvalent alcohol ester oil that refrigerator oil represents containing useful following chemical formula (1) and represent with following chemical formula (2) the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil (in formula, R 1~ R 6alkyl for carbon number 3 ~ 8), and containing the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil more than 20 % by mole.And the low temperature side Kraft point of the mixture of refrigeration agent and the first polyvalent alcohol ester oil and the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil is less than+10 DEG C, refrigerator oil also contains the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C more than 180mm 2the compression unit sealing agent of/s, compression unit sealing agent is 1 ~ 30 weight part relative to this mixture 100 weight part, and the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C of refrigerator oil is 30 ~ 90mm 2/ s.
[changing 3]
[changing 4]
Present embodiment discloses the compressor employing methylene fluoride and the air-conditioning plant that employs this compressor.Refrigeration agent is methylene fluoride, and refrigerator oil is polyvalent alcohol ester oil.
Polyvalent alcohol ester oil is obtained by the condensation reaction of polyvalent alcohol and unary fatty acid.As polyvalent alcohol ester oil, preferred thermal stability excellence by resistance type, as the polyvalent alcohol of raw material, preferred tetramethylolmethane and Dipentaerythritol.
In addition, unary fatty acid as raw material has butanic acid, positive valeric acid, n-caproic acid, positive enanthic acid, n-caprylic acid, 2 Methylpropionic acid, 2-Methyl Butyric Acid, 3 Methylbutanoic acid, 2 methyl valeric acid, 2 Ethylbutanoic acid, 2 methyl caproic acid, 2 ethyl hexanoic acid, isocaprylic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylammonium is sour, and they can be used alone or mix two or more use.
The viscosity grade of refrigerator oil is different because of compressor kind, and in scroll compressor, preferably the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C is 46 ~ 90mm 2the scope of/s.In addition, in rotary compressor, preferably the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C is 30 ~ 70mm 2the scope of/s.
Compression unit sealing agent is that the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C is more than 180mm 2the aqueous compound of/s.
By under the polyol ester oil condition of resistance type, as compression unit sealing agent preferably use the fatty acid ester of Dipentaerythritol system (compound that represented by following chemical formula (3) (and in formula, R 7, R 8alkyl for carbon number 7 ~ 8)).This is because easily become high viscosity, so can refrigrant leakage be reduced.Dipentaerythritol is not for the pure substance in the feed in a large number containing tetramethylolmethane and tripentaerythritol etc., at this, is expressed as Dipentaerythritol class.
In addition, as compression unit sealing agent compound polyvalent alcohol ester oil (compound ester oil) (compound that represents with following chemical formula (4) (and in formula, R 9, R 10for the alkyl of carbon number 3 ~ 9, R 11for the alkyl of carbon number 1 ~ 9, n is positive number)) be by the ester cpds of polyvalent alcohol, binary of fatty acids and unary fatty acid bonding.
[changing 5]
[changing 6]
At this, as the polyvalent alcohol of raw material, such as, be preferably neopentyl glycol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP) and tetramethylolmethane.In addition, unary fatty acid as raw material has positive valeric acid, n-caproic acid, positive enanthic acid, n-caprylic acid, 2-Methyl Butyric Acid, 2 methyl valeric acid, 2 methyl caproic acid, 2-ethyl acid, isocaprylic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylammonium is sour, and they can be used alone or mix two or more use.In addition, the binary of fatty acids as raw material has propanedioic acid, succinic acid, pentanedioic acid, hexanodioic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid etc., and they also can be used alone or mix two or more use.Also can mix the fatty acid ester of above-mentioned Dipentaerythritol system, in addition, also can mix the common polyol ester oil component etc. as viscosity adjustment.
In addition, the ethene-alpha-olefin copolymer as compression unit sealing agent easily obtains arbitrary high viscosity, and it is also excellent to cut off stability, and number-average molecular weight can be 800 ~ 4000.As forming the alpha-olefin of ethene-alpha-olefin copolymer, can use carbon number be 3 ~ 10 material, propylene, 1-butylene, iso-butylene, 1-amylene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene etc. can be enumerated.These alpha-olefins can use one, also can combinationally use more than two kinds.In addition, the content of ethene is more preferably 20 ~ 80 % by mole, also can be random with alpha-olefin and any one of block copolymerization.
Even if it is also all no problem to add lubricity improver, antioxidant, sour trapping agent, defoamer, metal passivator etc. in above-mentioned refrigerator oil.Especially polyvalent alcohol ester oil coexists at moisture and because of hydrolysis, deterioration occurs down, therefore, ites is desirable to coordinate antioxidant and sour trapping agent.
As antioxidant, the DBPC (2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol) of preferred phenolic.As sour trapping agent, be generally used as aliphatic epoxy based compound and the carbodiimide based compound of the compound with oxirane ring.Reactivity particularly due to carbodiimide based compound and lipid acid is high, catches the hydrogen ion dissociated from lipid acid, therefore, suppresses the effect of the water decomposition of polyvalent alcohol ester oil reaction very large.As carbodiimide based compound, two (2,6-isopropyl phenyl) carbodiimide can be enumerated.The use level of acid trapping agent is preferably 0.05 ~ 1.0 % by weight relative to refrigerator oil meter.
Fig. 1 is the figure of the outline representing air-conditioning plant.
Air-conditioning plant possesses indoor set 1 and off-premises station 2.At indoor set 1 built with indoor heat converter 5.In addition, at off-premises station 2 built with compressor 3, four-way valve 4, outdoor heat converter 7 and expansion gear 6.
When to indoor refrigeration, in compressor 3, the cooling in indoor heat converter 5 (using as condensing works) after vent pipe and four-way valve 4 of the refrigerant gas of the High Temperature High Pressure of insulated compression, becomes the liquid refrigerant of high pressure.This refrigeration agent by expansion gear 6 (such as, expansion valve etc. except temperature-type expansion valve) middle expansion, become the Low temperature low pressure liquid only containing a small amount of gas, arrive outdoor heat converter 7 (using as evaporation unit), air obtains heat indoor, arrives compressor 3 again with the state of cryogenic gas by four-way valve 4.When to indoor heating, by four-way valve 4, the flow direction of refrigeration agent is changed in the other direction, realize retroaction.
As compressor 3, employ scroll compressor.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the schematic configuration representing scroll compressor.
Compressor 3 comprises: the fixed scroll member 8 with the scroll scroll 10 be vertically installed on end plate 9, the rotary vortex rotary part 11 with the scroll 12 of the same in fact shape with this fixed scroll member 8, support rotary vortex rotary part 11 framework 16, make the bent axle 13 of rotary vortex rotary part 11 rotary motion, electric motor 19 and be built-in with the pressurized vessel 17 of above-mentioned part.Scroll scroll 10 relatively engages with scroll 12, forms compression unit.
When rotary vortex rotary part 11 is by bent axle 13 rotary motion, in the pressure space 14 formed between fixed scroll member 8 and rotary vortex rotary part 11, being positioned at outermost pressure space 14 along with rotary motion volume little by little reduces, and the central part simultaneously towards fixed scroll member 8 and rotary vortex rotary part 11 moves.Time near the central part that pressure space 14 arrives fixed scroll member 8 and rotary vortex rotary part 11, pressure space 14 is communicated with relief outlet 15, and the pressurized gas of pressure space 14 inside is discharged from vent pipe 18 to the outside of compressor 3.
In compressor 3, bent axle 13 rotates with constant speed or the speed of rotation corresponding with by the voltage of not shown converter Control, carries out compressed action.In addition, be provided with oil storage portion 22 in the below of electric motor 19, the oil in oil storage portion 22 by pressure difference through being located at the oilhole 21 of bent axle 13, for the lubrication of the sliding part, sliding surface bearing 20 etc. of rotary vortex rotary part 11 and bent axle 13.
Below, embodiment and comparative example is used to be described to the formation of refrigerator oil.
(embodiment 1 ~ 3 and comparative example 1,2)
Based on JIS (JIS C 9612-2005: indoor air conditioner), calculate the efficiency of power dissipation APF of a year.In addition, then implement the performance test of compressor, determine the volumetric efficiency under the condition of representative.The refrigeration agent used in embodiment is methylene fluoride, the refrigerator oil of following expression host and the compression unit sealing agent of additive.
(refrigerator oil)
(A) by resistance type polyol ester oil (the mixed fatty acid ester oil of the 2-Methyl Butyric Acid/2 methyl caproic acid of tetramethylolmethane/Dipentaerythritol system): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 68.7mm 2/ s
(B) by resistance type polyol ester oil (2 methyl caproic acid/3 of tetramethylolmethane system, the mixed fatty acid ester oil that 5,5-trimethylammonium is sour): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 64.9mm 2/ s
(compression unit sealing agent)
(F) by resistance type polyol ester oil (2 methyl caproic acid/3 of Dipentaerythritol system, the mixed fatty acid ester oil that 5,5-trimethylammonium is sour): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 217mm 2/ s
(G) compound polyvalent alcohol ester oil (ester of neopentyl glycol, dicarboxylic acid and monocarboxylic acid bonding uses hexanodioic acid as dicarboxylic acid, uses as monocarboxylic acid the ester oil that 3,5,5-trimethylammonium is sour): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 260mm 2/ s
(H) ethene-alpha-olefin copolymer (registered trademark of the same society of trade(brand)name: ル ー カ Application ト HC-40: Mitsui Chemicals, Inc, ル ー カ Application ト): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 380mm 2/ s
In embodiment 1 ~ 3, in refrigerator oil (A), (F), (G) and (H) has been coordinated to be respectively 5.0 % by weight as compression unit sealing agent.The kinetic viscosity of the refrigerator oil after all cooperations is 70mm 2about/s.Refrigerator oil (A) is-2 DEG C with the low temperature side Kraft point of methylene fluoride, is the refrigerator oil of display intermiscibility.The refrigeration agent enclosed to compressor and the intermiscibility of refrigerator oil are as described above, returning the maintenance etc. of (oil mass guaranteeing compressor inside) or heat exchanger effectiveness from freeze cycle to the oil of compressor, ensureing that the reliability this respect of compressor is one of important characteristic.The intermiscibility evaluation of methylene fluoride and refrigerator oil to be as the criterion mensuration with JIS K 2211.In intermiscibility is evaluated, the concentration (oil concentration) having made the oil by being mixed in refrigeration agent is set to transverse axis, solvent temperature is set to the coordinate diagram of the longitudinal axis.This coordinate diagram ordinary representation is separated into the oil concentration interdependence of the temperature of two layers, becomes the curve with maximum value.This maximum value is defined as low temperature side Kraft point.
In comparative example 1, be set as the refrigeration agent R410A used in existing equipment and the combination employing refrigerator oil (B).Low temperature side Kraft point is+9 DEG C, does not coordinate compression unit sealing agent.This comparative example 1 is set to the benchmark value (APF ratio) 100% of efficiency.Comparative example 2 is set to the combination not coordinating compressor seal agent according to embodiment 1 ~ 3.Mensuration project be air-conditioning plant representational operating condition heat specified, heat centre, the volumetric efficiency ratio of efficiency of power dissipation APF and compressor more throughout the year under 4 conditions in the middle of specified, the refrigeration of freezing.Using the current device of comparative example 1 as benchmark 100%, have studied embodiment 1 ~ 3, the APF of comparative example 2 and volumetric efficiency ratio.
Table 1 represents result.
Relatively when comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, when using methylene fluoride, APF improves about 1.0%.This thinks that the latent heat due to methylene fluoride is large, and the pressure-losses is little, so APF improves.But when observing the volumetric efficiency of compressor, although APF improves, in the compressor employing methylene fluoride, no matter all low under any one condition volumetric efficiency is.The specific heat ratio of methylene fluoride is little, and outflow temperature uprises, and therefore the temperature of compressor also uprises, and easily produces mistake thermosteresis when sucking.In addition, because molecular weight is little, molecular velocity is fast, so refrigeration agent easily leaks from the compression unit of compressor.Therefore, there is volumetric efficiency to reduce.In contrast, as shown in embodiment 1 ~ 3, known, coordinated in the conditioner of compression unit sealing agent of 5 % by weight in methylene fluoride and refrigerator oil (A), compared with comparative example 2, the volumetric efficiency of known compressor improves, and the APF of equipment also increases.
[table 1]
(embodiment 4 ~ 6 and comparative example 3,4)
The oilness of refrigerator oil is have rated in embodiment 4 ~ 6.Use shell-type four-ball friction and wear test machine, have rated the oilness of refrigerator oil.Using 1/2 inch of SUJ2 steel ball as test film, in load: 280N, temperature: 120 DEG C, speed of rotation: 1200/min, the time: 10min tests, and determines friction marks footpath (3 average) and the frictional coefficient of restraint test sheet afterwards.Refrigerator oil (B) and compression unit sealing agent (F) are identical with embodiment 1 ~ 3.
(refrigerator oil)
(A) by resistance type polyol ester oil (the mixed fatty acid ester oil of the 2-Methyl Butyric Acid/2 methyl caproic acid of tetramethylolmethane/Dipentaerythritol system): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 68.7mm 2/ s
Dipentaerythritol use level about 50 % by mole
(C) by resistance type polyol ester oil (the mixed fatty acid ester oil of the 2-Methyl Butyric Acid/2 methyl caproic acid of tetramethylolmethane/Dipentaerythritol system): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 67.3mm 2/ s
Dipentaerythritol use level about 35 % by mole
(D) by resistance type polyol ester oil (the mixed fatty acid ester oil of the 2-Methyl Butyric Acid/2 methyl caproic acid of tetramethylolmethane/Dipentaerythritol system): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 66.2mm 2/ s
Dipentaerythritol use level about 25 % by mole
(E) by resistance type polyol ester oil (the mixed fatty acid ester oil of the 2-Methyl Butyric Acid/2 methyl caproic acid of tetramethylolmethane/Dipentaerythritol system): 40 DEG C of kinetic viscosity 65.3mm 2/ s
Dipentaerythritol use level about 10 % by mole
As refrigerator oil, (A), (C) and (D) mix the Dipentaerythritol of more than 20 % by mole, in any one refrigerator oil, all mix 5.0 % by weight (F) as compression unit sealing agent.
Table 2 represents the result of the oilness evaluating each refrigerator oil.
As shown in comparative example 4, when not coordinating Dipentaerythritol in refrigerator oil composition, friction marks footpath is large, and frictional coefficient is high.In contrast, as shown in embodiment 4 ~ 6, coordinated the material of Dipentaerythritol more than 20 % by weight, can suppress friction marks footpath and frictional coefficient in refrigerator oil composition, oilness is excellent.This is that the surface energy of surface of friction reduces, and obtains the reduction effect of wearability and frictional coefficient because Dipentaerythritol is large relative to the adsorptive power of surface of friction.As shown in comparative example 3, the material of Dipentaerythritol combined amount less than 20 % by weight in refrigerator oil composition, friction marks footpath is large, and frictional coefficient is also high, can not obtain sufficient oilness.
[table 2]
(embodiment 7 ~ 9 and comparative example 5,6)
Below, use the refrigerator oil and the compression unit sealing agent that confirm effect in embodiment 1, the use level of compressor seal agent is studied.Mensuration project, measuring method, refrigerator oil (A) and compression unit sealing agent (F) are identical with embodiment 1 ~ 3.
In embodiment 7 ~ 9, in refrigerator oil (A) as compression unit sealing agent with 1 ~ 30 % by weight range fit (F).In comparative example 5, coordinate (F) 0.5 % by weight as compression unit sealing agent, in comparative example 6, coordinated (F) 40 % by weight as compression unit sealing agent, implement test.
Table 3 represents result.
Compared with comparative example 2, in embodiment 7 ~ 9, APF improves 0.5 ~ 1.0%.This is because improve the effect of the stopping property of the compression unit of compressor by compression unit sealing agent.In contrast, as shown in comparative example 5, being set in the embodiment of 0.5 % by weight using (F) as compression unit sealing agent, compared with comparative example 2, do not obtain the volumetric efficiency of compressor and the raising of APF.In addition, as shown in comparative example 6, when also having coordinated (F) of 40 % by weight as compression unit sealing agent, the kinetic viscosity of refrigerator oil has also significantly increased, and viscosity opposing increases, and causes APF to reduce thus.Therefore, compression unit sealing agent can in the scope of 1.0 ~ 30 % by weight relative to the use level of refrigerator oil.
[table 3]
According to above result, the refrigrant leakage of the compression unit from compressor can be reduced, the volumetric efficiency of compressor can be improved, the APF of efficiency of power dissipation throughout the year of air-conditioning plant can be improved.
As compressor, except scroll compressor, confirm also can obtain same effect in the oscillating compressor (swing compressor) of rotary compressor, two spool compressor, two-stage compressing rotating compressor and roller and blade integration.
Utilizability in industry
The present invention is applicable to compressor and air-conditioning plant.
Nomenclature
1: indoor set, 2: off-premises station, 3: compressor, 4: four-way valve, 5: indoor heat converter, 6: expansion gear, 7: outdoor heat converter, 8: fixed scroll member, 9: end plate, 10: scroll scroll, 11: rotary vortex rotary part, 12: scroll, 13: bent axle, 14: pressure space, 15: relief outlet, 16: framework, 17: pressurized vessel, 18: vent pipe, 19: electric motor, 20: sliding surface bearing, 21: oilhole, 22: oil storage portion.
Claims (amendment according to treaty the 19th article)
1. compressor, possesses the pressure space with sliding part, and the methylene fluoride be sealed with as refrigeration agent and refrigerator oil, it is characterized in that,
Described refrigerator oil contains the first polyvalent alcohol ester oil that useful following chemical formula (1) represents and the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil represented with following chemical formula (2), in formula, and R 1~ R 6for the alkyl of carbon number 3 ~ 8, and contain the described second polyvalent alcohol ester oil of more than 20 % by mole,
The low temperature side Kraft point of the mixture of described refrigeration agent and described first polyvalent alcohol ester oil and described second polyvalent alcohol ester oil is less than+10 DEG C,
Described refrigerator oil also contains the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C more than 180mm 2the compression unit sealing agent of/s, described compression unit sealing agent is 1 ~ 30 weight part relative to described mixture 100 weight part, and the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C of described refrigerator oil is 30 ~ 90mm 2/ s,
2. compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compression unit sealing agent is the compound that represents with following chemical formula (3) or the compound represented with following chemical formula (4) or number-average molecular weight is the ethene-alpha-olefin copolymer of 800 ~ 4000, in formula, R 7, R 8for the alkyl of carbon number 7 ~ 8, R 9, R 10for the alkyl of carbon number 3 ~ 9, R 11for the alkylidene group of carbon number 1 ~ 9, n is positive number,
3. compressor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure space is formed by rotary vortex rotary part and fixed scroll member, and described refrigerator oil is 46 ~ 90mm the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C 2/ s.
4. air-conditioning plant, is connected the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, condenser, expansion gear, vaporizer by pipe arrangement.
Illustrate or state (amendment according to treaty the 19th article)
Original right requirement book is replaced with amended claims.Wherein, have modified claim the 2, by " the R in claim 2 11alkyl for carbon number 1 ~ 9 " be revised as " R 11alkylidene group for carbon number 1 ~ 9 ", this chemically formula (4) certainly and uniquely can derive, believe and can be allowed to, please auditor accept.
Make an amendment and to make according to PCT the 19th article.

Claims (4)

1. compressor, possesses the pressure space with sliding part, and the methylene fluoride be sealed with as refrigeration agent and refrigerator oil, it is characterized in that,
Described refrigerator oil contains the first polyvalent alcohol ester oil that useful following chemical formula (1) represents and the second polyvalent alcohol ester oil represented with following chemical formula (2), in formula, and R 1~ R 6for the alkyl of carbon number 3 ~ 8, and contain the described second polyvalent alcohol ester oil of more than 20 % by mole,
The low temperature side Kraft point of the mixture of described refrigeration agent and described first polyvalent alcohol ester oil and described second polyvalent alcohol ester oil is less than+10 DEG C,
Described refrigerator oil also contains the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C more than 180mm 2the compression unit sealing agent of/s, described compression unit sealing agent is 1 ~ 30 weight part relative to described mixture 100 weight part, and the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C of described refrigerator oil is 30 ~ 90mm 2/ s,
2. compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compression unit sealing agent is the compound that represents with following chemical formula (3) or the compound represented with following chemical formula (4) or number-average molecular weight is the ethene-alpha-olefin copolymer of 800 ~ 4000, in formula, R 7, R 8for the alkyl of carbon number 7 ~ 8, R 9, R 10for the alkyl of carbon number 3 ~ 9, R 11for the alkyl of carbon number 1 ~ 9, n is positive number,
3. compressor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressure space is formed by rotary vortex rotary part and fixed scroll member, and described refrigerator oil is 46 ~ 90mm the kinetic viscosity of 40 DEG C 2/ s.
4. air-conditioning plant, is connected the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, condenser, expansion gear, vaporizer by pipe arrangement.
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CN114466999A (en) * 2019-09-27 2022-05-10 富士通将军股份有限公司 Refrigeration cycle device

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