A kind of apparatus and method for making cut in tubulose alloy surface
Technical field
Technical field is scratched the present invention relates to be made in tubulose alloy surface, and in particular to one kind is in tubulose alloy surface system
The apparatus and method for making cut.
Background technology
The various fields such as building, machinery, nuclear industry can all be related to scratch to metal or alloy knot material or structural member
The influence of energy, the quality of structural material military service performance is the critical aspects of equipment safety work.Scuffing can cause material
Inner surface or external defects, and the serious mechanical property and service life for changing total part of the appearance of defect.
For performance of the test material after there is surface tear, can effectively simulate the experimental provision of scuffing turns into urgent
The need for.In the prior art, the equipment that manufacture scratched or tested the mechanical characteristic of single or multiple lift film is often micron scratching instrument
Or nano impress instrument.The appearance of these equipment is really for the material property of test part or more microscopic locations provides very big side
Help.But, nanometer or micron scratching instrument complex operation and expensive, the maintenance cost in later stage is very high, while these equipment master
It is used to make more microcosmic cut in the block specimen surface of the depth of parallelism high, for tubular metal or alloy sample, because of arc
The unsuitable centering of the presence of degree, it is difficult to successfully prepare the cut of macro-scale, meets the demand of model engineering pipe surface scuffing.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low cost that cut can be made in tube surfaces, operation is simple, Gao Zhun
The experimental provision and method of degree, to solve complex operation present in prior art and expensive, it is impossible in tubular specimen table
The cut of macro-scale is made in face, it is difficult to the problems such as meeting the requirement of model engineering.It can be used for equipment or material in difference
Mechanics Performance Testing and research under the conditions of scuffing, and corrosive nature for different materials under the conditions of scuffing test and
Research.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of device that cut is made in tubulose specimen surface, including frequency converter, linear gear reduction unit, spiral micrometer
Device, conical head, dovetail groove, objective table, main supporter and sample bench;Wherein:The top of the main supporter is provided with dovetail groove,
The objective table that can be slidably matched therewith is provided with dovetail groove;The linear gear reduction unit and micrometer caliper are each attached to
On main supporter, the conical head needed for manufacture cut is detachably connected on the movable small anvil of micrometer caliper;It is described linear
Tooth bar on gear reduction unit is fixedly connected with objective table, the input of linear gear reduction unit directly with the output of frequency converter
End is connected;The sample bench is placed on objective table and is detachably connected with objective table, and sample bench is provided with groove, the bottom of groove
It is arc convex, the tubulose sample of prefabrication size can be placed and fixed on the bottom of arc convex shape.
Two sides of its bottom portion of groove of sample bench are highly equal(This kind of sample bench is used in tubulose sample centre position
Make cut);Or, two sides of its bottom portion of groove of sample bench are highly unequal(This kind of sample bench is used in tubulose sample
The both sides in product centre position make cut).It is different and different because of sample bench in the prefabricated scoring position of tubulose specimen surface.It is logical
Two kinds of replacings of sample bench are crossed, equidistant 3 can be uniformly made at interval of certain angle in same tubulose specimen surface identical
Feature(Depth, width)Cut.
The objective table is dovetail shaped sliding block, and traffic direction and the speed of service of the objective table in dovetail groove are same with tooth bar
Step;The micrometer caliper uses digital display micrometer caliper.
The objective table is connected with tooth bar by connector, and the longitudinal section of connector is square, and one end of connector leads to
Cross bolt I to be connected with tooth bar, the other end of connector is connected by bolt II with objective table.
Movable small anvil and the conical head of the micrometer caliper are detachably connected by locking device;The locking device bag
Clip, bolt III and bolt IV are included, the clip is tubular construction, and the He of bolt III that can be extended in clip is installed in clip side
Bolt IV, bolt III and bolt IV are connected through a screw thread with clip respectively;Micrometer caliper is movable, and small anvil is relative with conical head sets
Put, on conical head with movable small anvil, bolt III corresponds to the side of movable small anvil to hoop sleeve, and bolt IV corresponds to conical head
Side, movable small anvil is locked by bolt III, conical head is locked by bolt IV.
By the different conical head of actual demand selection tip size(Tip size is used to adjust the width of cut), the cone
Forming head is made up of special hard material, and hard material is YG8, YG12 or YG15.
The sample bench is removably connected on objective table by bolt;The sample bench is provided with resistance near one end of tooth bar
Gear sheet metal, the barrier metal piece is secured by bolts on sample bench, and barrier metal piece is used to stop tubulose sample in examination
Movement in the groove of sample platform.
The method for making cut in tubulose specimen surface using said apparatus, the method comprises the following steps:
(1)The conical head of suitable shape is selected by actual demand(Scratch width is set), by locking device by conical head
Together with being connected and fixed to the movable small anvil of micrometer caliper;
(2)Sample bench is selected as needed and is fixed on objective table, and adjust centering;
(3)The attaching plug of frequency converter is connected to power supply, the fm dial of frequency converter is adjusted, by output frequency control
System is in 0.01-50Hz;
(4)Conical head position zero point is set;
(5)Setting scratch depth;
(6)Manufacture cut:Press " forward direction " button of low-converter, linear gear reduction unit band dynamic object stage and sample bench
Advanced in unison;When sample is by after conical head, specimen surface leaves default feature(Depth, width etc.)Cut.
Step(2)In, the sample bench that two sides of selection bottom portion of groove are highly equal can be in tubulose sample centre position
Obtain a cut;The highly unequal sample bench in two sides of selection bottom portion of groove can be the one of tubulose sample centre position
Side obtains a cut, and by sample rotation, 180 ° are reentered into the sample bench, repeats to make the process of cut, can be tried in tubulose
The opposite side in sample centre position obtains a cut.
The step(2)In, the process for adjusting centering is:Sample bench is positioned on objective table, conical head is set first
Axis sample bench concave groove bottom peak surface, after adjusting, sample bench is anchored on objective table.
The step(4)In, the process for setting conical head position zero point is:First, rotating screw mircrometer gauge is allowed to drive
Conical head is moved up, in case conical head encountered sample before zeroing;Then, by " forward direction " button of frequency converter, sample
The underface of conical head is moved to, micrometer caliper is adjusted, just contacted sample in conical head stops regulation to surface;Then,
By " Zero " button of micrometer caliper, the numerical monitor on screen is 0, and this has just set the position zero point of conical head.
The step(5)In, set the process of scratch depth as:After position zero point is set, micrometer caliper is adjusted,
Conical head is set to leave tubulose specimen surface;Then, by " reverse " button of frequency converter, sample is made to leave conical head tip plane 1
~3 centimetres of distance;Then, continue the rotary knob of regulation micrometer caliper, the cut depth to be obtained is set over the display
Degree;Finally, locking screw mircrometer gauge.
Using the inventive method when same tubulose specimen surface diverse location all makes cut, it is necessary to change sample bench,
The process for changing sample bench is as follows:
Adjustment micrometer caliper, makes conical head away from tubulose specimen surface;Then, by " reverse " button of frequency converter, make
Conical head tip plane leaves the distance of 1~3 centimetre of sample;Then, the connection of sample bench and objective table is disconnected, and gold will be stopped
Category piece is fixed on another sample bench;Finally, the sample bench is connected with and is fixed on objective table, complete to change.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1st, the present invention is by frequency converter, linear gear reduction unit, digital display micrometer caliper, conical head, main supporter, loading
Platform and sample bench etc. are constituted, its simple and practical, low cost, easy to operate.During work, only need to by digital display micrometer caliper and
Conical head coordinates, and sets depth, and objective table and sample bench motion are promoted and during by conical head when linear gear reduction unit
Specific morphology scuffing can be made.
2nd, present invention is mainly used for the preparation that various metal or alloy tubulose specimen surfaces are scratched, achievable precise alignment,
Prevent from breakking away and producing macroscopical cut that height meets demand.
3rd, present invention is mainly used for cut of the preparation with different characteristic in various metal or alloy tubulose specimen surfaces,
It is capable of achieving to scratch feature, such as many control of scratch depth, width, density, Cross Section Morphology.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram that the present invention makes scoring devices in tubulose specimen surface.
Fig. 2 is the connection figure of digital display micrometer caliper and main supporter.
Fig. 3 is the tooth bar of linear gear reduction unit and the connection figure of objective table.
Fig. 4 is the connection locking structure figure between the movable small anvil and conical head of digital display micrometer caliper.
Fig. 5 is tubulose specimen surface scuffing sample bench I.
Fig. 6 is tubulose specimen surface scuffing sample bench II.
Fig. 7 is the barrier metal piece for fixing tubulose sample.
In figure:1- frequency converters;The linear gear reduction units of 2-;3- micrometer calipers;The movable small anvils of 31-;4- conical heads;5-
Dovetail groove;6- objective tables;The main supporters of 7-;8- sample bench;9- attaching plugs;26- tooth bars;261- bolts I;262- bolts II;
263- connectors;34- locking devices;341- clips;342- bolts III;343- bolts IV;371- metal derbies I;372- metal derbies
Ⅱ;373- bolts V;374- bolts VI;81- sample bench I;82- sample bench II;811- bolts A;821- bolt Bs;812- bolts C;
822- bolts D;813- barrier metal pieces.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the detailed description present invention, in specific implementation process, digital display micrometer caliper used is purchased from wide land number
Word observing and controlling limited company, model 211-103EK;Linear gear reduction unit used is purchased from Xiamen TWT electric machine industry
Co., Ltd, model 4IK25GN-Y.
As Figure 1-3, the present invention provides a kind of device for being made in tubulose specimen surface and being scratched, and the device includes frequency conversion
Device 1, linear gear reduction unit 2, micrometer caliper 3(Digital display micrometer caliper), it is conical head 4, dovetail groove 5, objective table 6, main
Supporter 7 and sample bench 8;The top of the main supporter 7 is provided with dovetail groove 5, is provided with to slide therewith in dovetail groove 5 and matches somebody with somebody
The objective table 6 of conjunction;Linear gear reduction unit 2 and micrometer caliper 3 are each attached on main supporter 7, in micrometer caliper 3
Conical head 4 needed for manufacture cut is detachably connected on movable small anvil 31;The sample bench 8 is placed on objective table 6 and and loading
Platform is detachably connected, and sample bench 8 is provided with groove, and the bottom of groove is arc convex shape, can on the bottom of arc convex shape
Place and fix the tubulose sample of prefabrication size.The conical head 4 corresponding with sample is installed on micrometer caliper 3, for drawing
Hinder sample;Objective table 6 is provided with the sample bench 8 placed and fix tubulose sample.Tooth bar is housed on linear gear reduction unit 2
26, tooth bar 26 is fixedly connected with objective table 6, the input of linear gear reduction unit 2 directly with the output end phase of frequency converter 1
Even, the direction that moves forward and backward of tooth bar 26, by " forward direction " on frequency converter 1 and " reverse " by key control, the advance of tooth bar 26 is with after
The speed moved back is controlled by the frequency adjustment knob on frequency converter 1.
In the present invention, the digital display micrometer caliper 3 is as shown in Figure 2 with the connected mode of main supporter 7.Metal derby I371
It is connected with main supporter 7 by welding.Digital display micrometer caliper 3, metal derby I371 and metal derby II372 have drilling, digital display
Micrometer caliper 3 is located in the middle of three.Digital display micrometer caliper 3, metal derby I371 and metal derby II372 by bolt V373 and
Bolt VI374 is fixed.
In the present invention, the objective table 6 is dovetail shaped sliding block, and objective table 6 can be moved forward and backward in dovetail groove 5, its
Traffic direction and the speed of service are synchronous with tooth bar 26.
As shown in figure 3, objective table 6 with the connected mode of tooth bar 26 is connected by connector 263, connector 263 it is vertical
Section is square, and one side of connector 263 is connected by bolt I 261 with tooth bar 26, and the another side of connector 263 passes through spiral shell
Bolt II 262 is connected with objective table 6.
As shown in Figure 1,3, the movable small anvil 31 of the micrometer caliper 3 is detachable by locking device 34 with conical head 4
Connection;Locking device 34 includes clip 341, bolt III 342 and bolt IV 343, and clip 341 is tubular construction(It is hard alloy
GT35 materials), the bolt III 342 and bolt IV 343 that can be extended in clip 341, the He of bolt III 342 are installed in the side of clip 341
Bolt IV 343 is connected through a screw thread with clip 341 respectively.The movable small anvil 31 and conical head 4 of digital display micrometer caliper 3 are by locking
Device 34 is locked, and specific locking mode is:Digital display micrometer caliper 3 has movable small anvil 31, and conical head 4 is relative with movable small anvil 31
Set, clip 341 is enclosed within conical head 4 with the movable outside of small anvil 31, and bolt III 342 corresponds to the side of movable small anvil, bolt IV
343 sides for corresponding to conical head 4, movable small anvil is locked by bolt III 342, and conical head 4 is locked by bolt IV 343.
The sample bench 8 can be designed as two kinds:Sample bench I 81 and sample bench II 82;Sample bench I 81 its bottom portion of groove
Two sides are highly equal(That is the distance of the straight flange of arc convex both sides to the bottom surface of sample bench is equal), sample bench I 81 be used for
Tubulose sample centre position makes cut(Axial direction of the cut parallel to tubulose sample);Sample bench II 82 its bottom portion of groove
Two sides are highly unequal, and sample bench II 82 is used to make cut in the both sides in tubular specimen centre position.In tubulose sample table
The prefabricated scoring position in face is different and different because sample bench design.By the replacing of sample bench I 81 and sample bench II 82,
3 equidistant same characteristic features can be uniformly made at interval of certain angle in same tubulose specimen surface(Depth, width)Draw
Trace.
As shown in Fig. 1,4,5,6, objective table 6 passes through bolt A811 or bolt B 821 with sample bench I 81 or sample bench II 82
Connect and fix.Sample bench I 81 and its bottom portion of groove of sample bench II 82 are arc convex shape, diameter and the experiment tubing of arc
Inner diameter size just as.Sample bench I 81 or sample bench II 82 are equipped with barrier metal piece 813, for fixing tubulose sample one end.
Barrier metal piece 813 is connected by bolt C812 or bolt D822.
In the present invention, conical head 4 is made up of special hard material, such as:YG8, YG12 or YG15 etc..
As shown in figures 1 to 6, cut is manufactured in tubulose specimen surface using above-mentioned scuffing device, specific operation is as follows:
1. the conical head 4 of certain tip size is selected by actual demand(Tip size is used to adjust the width of cut), lead to
Cross together with the movable small anvil of digital display micrometer caliper 3 be connected and fixed to conical head 4 by locking device as shown in Figure 4 34.
2. barrier metal piece 813 is installed on sample bench I 81 near the side of tooth bar.
3. sample bench I 81 is tentatively positioned on objective table 6.The axis of setting conical head 4 is in sample bench I 81 first
The surface of the peak of arc convex bottom surface, after adjusting, sample bench 81 is anchored on objective table.
4. prefabricated tubulose sample is positioned on the arc convex shape bottom surface of sample bench I 81, tubulose sample one end top
Firmly barrier metal piece 813.
5. attaching plug 9 is connected to 220V power supplies, the fm dial of frequency converter 1 is adjusted, by output frequency control
To certain frequency(Such as 10Hz, now the output speed of linear gear reduction unit 2, the i.e. translational speed of tooth bar 26 will be maximum
/ 5th of speed, can according to specific needs adjust the frequency of frequency converter 1).
6. conical head position zero point is set.First, rotation digital display micrometer caliper 3 is allowed to drive conical head 4 to move up,
In case conical head 4 encountered tubulose specimen surface before zeroing.Then, by " forward direction " button of frequency converter 1, sample is moved to
The underface of conical head 4, slow regulation digital display micrometer caliper 3, stops after conical head 4 has just contacted the surface of tubulose sample
Regulation.Then, by the Zero buttons of digital display micrometer caliper 3, the numerical monitor on screen is 0, and this has just set conical head 4
Position zero point.
5. scratch depth is set.After position zero point is set, digital display micrometer caliper 3 is adjusted, leave conical head 4
Specimen surface.Then, by " reverse " button of frequency converter 1, sample is made to leave the distance at about 0.5 centimetre of the center of conical head 4.Connect
, continue to adjust the rotary knob of digital display micrometer caliper 3, the scratch depth to be obtained is set over the display.Finally, lock
Digital display micrometer caliper 3.
6. cut is manufactured." forward direction " button of low-converter 1 is pressed, the tooth bar 26 of linear gear reduction unit 2 promotes loading
Platform 6 advances.When the tubulose sample being positioned on sample bench I 81 is by after conical head 4, surface leaves the cut of predetermined depth.
7. the cut with repeated characteristic is made on the surface of same tubulose sample.The position of conical head 4 is adjusted, is allowed to remote
From sample bench I 81.Then sample bench I 81 is replaced by sample bench II 82, the action of repeat step 2-6 will be in tubulose sample
Between position side produce a cut with same feature.Tubulose sample is taken out after this cut is obtained, is rotated
180 °, and be fixed in sample bench II 82, the action of repeat step 2-6, in tubulose sample centre position, opposite side is produced and had
The cut of same feature.