CN104316111B - Method for monitoring native grass based on microclimate monitoring system - Google Patents
Method for monitoring native grass based on microclimate monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microclimate monitoring system and a method for monitoring native grass based on the system, and relates to the field of automatic monitoring of the steppe ecology and the animal husbandry weather. The system comprises a data monitoring server, a pasture growth vigor monitoring subsystem, a meteorological element monitoring subsystem, a soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, a wireless communication device and a data collecting device. The data monitoring server is in wireless connection with the data collecting device through the wireless communication device, and the data collecting device is in wired connection with the pasture growth vigor monitoring subsystem, the meteorological element monitoring subsystem and the soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem. The microclimate monitoring system and the method solve the problems that according to an existing manual steppe ecology meteorological observation method, the distance between an observation point and a station is large, observation is not convenient, work, time and labor are wasted, and meanwhile due to the great subjectivity of manual observation, the ecology observation data error is large, and the frequency of the observation data is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grassland ecology is meteorological with animal husbandry automatically monitors field, more particularly, to one kind is based on miniclimate monitoring system
The method of system monitoring native grass.
Background technology
The total land area of Xilinguole League is 20.3 ten thousand km2, there are 13 grassland ecology observation stations in full alliance, and grassland ecology is observed
Business has been run for many years, obtains a large amount of observational datas.The existing method with artificial observation grassland ecology meteorological observation exists following
Not enough: existing observation station is distant with the station, observation inconvenience, take a lot of work, time-consuming, laborious, meanwhile, because artificial observation
Subjectivity is larger, and ecological error of observation data is larger, and observation data frequency is low.
Because grassland ecology observation is the important foundation to grassland ecology research, artificial observation grassland ecology meteorology
Means, can not meet the need to grassland ecology meteorology basic data for the aspect such as related science research and very important decision service
Ask.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that native grass is monitored based on miniclimate monitoring system, thus solving
Foregoing problems present in prior art.
To achieve these goals, a kind of miniclimate monitoring system of the present invention, the technical scheme of employing is as follows: this system
Including: data monitoring server, herbage Growing state survey subsystem, meteorological element monitoring subsystem, soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem
System, Wireless Telecom Equipment data collecting device；By described Wireless Telecom Equipment, described data monitoring server and described number
Wirelessly connect according to collecting device, described data acquisition equipment respectively with described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element
Monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem wired connection；
Described data monitoring server, for regulating and controlling described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring
System and the monitoring of described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, and it is responsible for the data of display above three subsystem transmission；
Described data acquisition equipment, gathers described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem
In the electric signal numerical value that records of sensor, and convert thereof into meteorological data and be stored and delivered to described data monitoring service
Device；Meanwhile, it is also responsible for the digital picture of the native grass area of observation coverage of described herbage Growing state survey subsystem transmission, pass to institute
State data monitoring server；
Described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, for obtaining the digitized map of native grass in the described native grass area of observation coverage
Picture；
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the meteorological element of the described native grass area of observation coverage；
Described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the edaphic factor of the described native grass area of observation coverage.
Preferably, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem includes: is sequentially fixed at downwards described support from cantilever tip
Wind speed wind direction sensor, radiation sensor, power supply unit and barometer, be also fixedly installed on the bracket and described wind speed
Wind transducer first Temperature Humidity Sensor symmetrically arranged with respect to described support, described support fixes on the ground；Institute
State and symmetrically arranged air velocity transducer and second warm and humid is further fixed on the described support between power supply unit and described barometer
Degree sensor；Wherein, by described data acquisition equipment, described power supply unit is respectively to described wind speed wind direction sensor, described
First Temperature Humidity Sensor, described radiation sensor, described air velocity transducer and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor are powered；
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem also includes: rainfall gauge, and described rainfall gauge is fixedly installed on apart from described support 2
On the ground of～4m.
Preferably, described data acquisition equipment is fixed on the support of described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, and fixing
Lower end in described air velocity transducer and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor.
Preferably, described herbage Growing state survey subsystem includes: high-definition network camera and the first data acquisition unit；Described
High-definition network camera and described first data acquisition unit wired connection；Described first data acquisition unit and described data acquisition set
Standby wired connection；
Described high-definition network camera is used for the real-time herbage picture obtaining the described native grass area of observation coverage, and will obtain
Herbage picture is sent to described first data acquisition unit, is sent to described herbage picture by described first data acquisition unit described
Data acquisition equipment.
Preferably, described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem includes: soil temperature sensor and soil humidity sensor；Institute
State soil temperature sensor and described soil humidity sensor respectively with described data acquisition equipment wired connection.
A kind of method monitoring native grass based on miniclimate monitoring system of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
S1, adopt high-definition network camera, obtain the herbage height of the native grass area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree in real time；
S2, the image of acquisition is sent to data monitoring server, calculates herbage height and herbage cover degree；
S3, the herbage ground biomass according to following formula (1) described native grass area of observation coverage of calculating；
Y=6.887x0.88(1)
Wherein, described y is herbage ground biomass in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit kg/ha, and described x is
The product of herbage height and herbage cover degree in the described native grass area of observation coverage.
Preferably, step s1 method particularly includes: described high-definition network camera adopts Close Up Photogrammetry, using ccd
Imaging, obtains the herbage height of the described native grass area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree.
Preferably, in step s2, described herbage height is to be calculated according to formula (2):
Wherein, h represents the average height of herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm；Described h represents from described sky
So the herbage height picture acceptance of the bid chi of the herbage area of observation coverage measures the height of herbage, unit cm；Described l represent described herbage with described
The distance of scale, unit cm；Described a represent the shortest level of the described native grass area of observation coverage and described high-definition network camera away from
From unit cm；Described b represents described high-definition network camera to the vertical range on described ground, unit cm；Described m just represents
The length of side of the square described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm.
Preferably, in step s2, described herbage cover degree is to obtain by the following method:
First geometric correction and image cropping are carried out to the image obtaining described native grass area of observation coverage cover degree in step s1
Process, be then based on Pixel scrambling, the information of the atural object pixel in the image that acquisition was processed, then set red, green, blue
Trichromatic threshold value, is analyzed by herbage in treated image and background characteristics and obtains treated image
On the pixel of herbage and the total pixel number of treated image, by described herbage pixel number and described total pixel
Number does ratio, and the percentage obtaining is the cover degree of herbage.
Preferably, also there are following steps after step s3: the described sky that step s3 is obtained by data monitoring server
The ground biomass of herbage in the right herbage area of observation coverage and the corresponding thereto meteorological element in moment are fabricated to form and are shown in institute
State on the display interface of data monitoring server.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The system of the present invention utilizes high definition network technology, meteorological sensor technology, data acquisition technology, wireless telecommunications
Technology and solar powered, the automatic observation to grassland ecology meteorology for the realization.The present invention is used for monitoring native grass growth
The miniclimate monitoring system educated, solves the various drawbacks of artificial observation, and such as monitoring station distance is remote, observes bothersome laborious expense
Work, artificial observation subjectivity is larger, and ecological error of observation data is larger, observes the low problem of data frequency.The research and development of this system,
The drawbacks of fully solve above, realization observation data implements monitoring, and observation element is comprehensively, time saving and energy saving, to raising Ecological View
The objectivity of survey data, the quality of data and the observation personnel's work gas intensity that mitigates, raising observed efficiency etc. are significant.
The present invention is simple for monitoring the miniclimate monitoring system structure that native grass grows, powerful, monitoring
Key element index comprehensively, data acquisition amount is big, solves many drawbacks that Traditional Man carries out ecological observation, data acquisition science
Accurately, data analysis understands automatically, and monitoring system is easy to learn.The data that present invention monitoring obtains improves ecological observational data
Objectivity, the quality of data and the observation personnel's work gas intensity that mitigates, raising observed efficiency, for grassland ecology Observation Service
There is the progress of leap, filled up the blank that grassland ecology monitors field automation.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of miniclimate monitoring system described in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of herbage Growing state survey subsystem described in embodiment 1；1-1 represents the first data acquisition unit, 1-
2 expression high-definition network cameras, 1-3 represents high-definition network camera, and 1-4 represents camera mount；
Fig. 3 is meteorological element monitoring subsystem described in embodiment 1 and the signal of described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem
Figure, 2-1 represents support, and 2-2 represents wind speed wind direction sensor, and 2-3 represents the first Temperature Humidity Sensor, and 2-4 represents radiation sensing
Device, 2-5 represents power supply unit, and 2-6 represents air velocity transducer, and 2-8 represents the second Temperature Humidity Sensor, and 2-9 represents rainfall gauge, 2-
10 expression barometers, 3-1 represents soil temperature sensor, and 3-2 represents soil moisture sensor, 4 expression data acquisition equipments；
Fig. 4 is highly to be illustrated using the calculating herbage obtaining the described native grass area of observation coverage in embodiment 2；Wherein, a point table
Show laterally positioned high-definition network camera.
Fig. 5 is using the calculating herbage cover degree diagram obtaining the described native grass area of observation coverage in embodiment 2；
Fig. 6 is the curve map of formula (1) described in embodiment 2；Wherein, abscissa represents the product of herbage height cover degree,
Unit cm %, described ordinate represents the biomass of herbage, units/kg/ha；The curve of the curve representation formula (1) of in figure is walked
To the Diamond spot of in figure represents the coordinate points that herbage height cover degree product is formed with Forage Grass Biomass.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is entered
Row further describes.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of miniclimate monitoring system, this system includes: data monitoring server, herbage Growing state survey subsystem
System, meteorological element monitoring subsystem, soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, Wireless Telecom Equipment data collecting device；By institute
State Wireless Telecom Equipment, described data monitoring server is wirelessly connected with described data acquisition equipment, described data acquisition equipment
Respectively with described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem
Wired connection.
Described data monitoring server, for regulating and controlling described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring
System and the monitoring of described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, and the data of above three subsystem transmission is processed and is born
Duty shows the result of above-mentioned data processing；Described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, for monitoring identification native grass height, lid
The meteorological element monitoring subsystem described in Ecological information such as degree, period of seedling establishment, florescence, productive phase, yellow withered phase and native grass species
System, for monitoring the meteorological element of the herbage area of observation coverage；Described meteorological element includes: temperature, precipitation, wind speed and direction, relative humidity,
Air pressure and photosynthetically active radiation；Described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the edaphic factor of the herbage area of observation coverage, described
Edaphic factor includes: the soil moisture and soil moisture；Described data acquisition equipment timing is to described meteorological element monitoring subsystem
The magnitude of voltage recording with the sensor in described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, current value, resistance value, pulse signal is adopted
Collect, and convert thereof into meteorological data and be stored and delivered to described data monitoring server；Meanwhile, it is also responsible for described herbage length
The digital picture of the native grass area of observation coverage that gesture monitoring subsystem sends, passes to described data monitoring server；Meanwhile, also connect
Receive and store the digital picture of the described native grass area of observation coverage of described herbage Growing state survey subsystem transmission, and the number by storage
Pass to described data monitoring server according to by radio communication in real time.
In the present embodiment, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem includes: is sequentially fixed at downwards described from support 2-1 top
Wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2 on support 2-1, radiation sensor 2-4, power supply unit 2-5 and barometer 2-10, in described support
First humiture symmetrically arranged with respect to described support 2-1 with described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2 is also fixedly installed on 2-1 pass
Sensor 2-3, described support 2-1 fixes on the ground；On support between described power supply unit 2-5 and described barometer 2-10
It is further fixed on symmetrically arranged air velocity transducer 2-6 and the second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8；Wherein, set by described data acquisition
Standby 4, described power supply unit 2-5 is respectively to described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2, described first Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-3, described spoke
Penetrate sensor 2-4, described air velocity transducer 2-6 and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8 power, be more particularly described for: described
The power line of power supply unit 2-5 connects described data acquisition equipment 4, powers to described data acquisition equipment 4, simultaneously described data
Collecting device 4 is also by power line and described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2, described first Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-3, described radiation
Sensor 2-4, described air velocity transducer 2-6 and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8 connection are controlled and to each biography with reaching
The purpose that sensor is powered, so described data acquisition unit not only has control collection each sensor mensure number in the present embodiment
According to effect, also there is the effect to each sensor power.Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem also includes: rainfall gauge 2-9,
Described rainfall gauge 2-9 is fixedly installed on the ground of described support 3.5m.Each in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem
Meteorological element around the native grass area of observation coverage described in individual equipment implementing monitoring: temperature, precipitation, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, gas
Pressure and photosynthetically active radiation, and the meteorological element recording is passed to described data acquisition equipment in real time.Described power supply unit 2-5
Including solar panels and battery, the solar energy collected is converted into power storage in described battery by described solar panels
Equipment in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described data acquisition unit are powered.
In the present embodiment, the position of described air velocity transducer 2-6 and described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2 can exchange, because
Support 2-1 height described in the present embodiment is 3m-4m, as known in those skilled in the art, described wind speed wind direction sensor
2-2 can be with the location swap of described air velocity transducer 2-6, without the measurement result generation impact on wind direction.
In the present embodiment, described data acquisition equipment 4 is fixed on the support 2-1 of described meteorological element monitoring subsystem,
And it is fixed on described air velocity transducer 2-6 and the lower end of described second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8.
In the present embodiment, described herbage Growing state survey subsystem includes: high-definition network camera and the first data acquisition unit
1-1；Described high-definition network camera and described first data acquisition unit 1-1 wired connection, described high-definition network camera and institute
State the first data acquisition unit 1-1 to be fixed on described camera mount 1-4.Described first data acquisition unit 1-1 and described data
Collecting device 4 connects；Described first data acquisition unit 1-1 gathers the herbage digitized map of described high-definition network camera captured in real-time
Piece, then sends described data monitoring service device to by described data storage device 4.
In the present embodiment, described high-definition network camera is taken respectively in the described native grass area of observation coverage and is transversely mounted and indulges
To installation；Obtain the height of herbage by the digital picture that the described high-definition network camera being transversely mounted shoots, by described
The digital picture that longitudinally mounted high-definition network camera shoots obtains the cover degree of herbage.Particularly as follows: described longitudinally mounted height
Clear web camera 1-3 is arranged at the 2.0m of ground, and camera is vertically longitudinally oriented native grass area of observation coverage ground and sets
Put, obtain the herbage coverage image of the described herbage area of observation coverage；The described high-definition network camera 1-2 being transversely mounted be arranged on away from
From the ground at 0.5m, and native grass area of observation coverage ground setting described in camera parallel transverse, obtain the described herbage area of observation coverage
Herbage height image.Install in the side of the described native grass area of observation coverage relative with being transversely mounted described high-definition network camera
Measuring scale.
In the present embodiment, described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem includes: soil temperature sensor 3-1 and soil moisture pass
Sensor 3-2；Described soil temperature sensor 3-1 and described soil humidity sensor 3-2 is had with described data acquisition equipment 4 respectively
Line connects.Wherein, monitor the temperature of different levels soil using soil temperature sensor 3-1, and soil will be collected in real time
The data of temperature is transferred to described data acquisition equipment 4；Described soil humidity sensor 3-2 is inserted directly into described meteorological element prison
Survey in the soil that subsystem is located, and in real time the data collecting soil moisture is transferred to described data acquisition equipment 4.
In the present embodiment, the fabricating yard of described miniclimate monitoring system is selected to represent region ecological ragime
Flat region, the place good and described native grass area of observation coverage of communication is the square area of observation coverage that the length of side is 1m.
In the present embodiment, the data transfer of described miniclimate monitoring system is wirelessly transferred using gprs, purchases data traffic
Card ensures the transmission of data.Described miniclimate monitoring system can carry out remote monitoring, can be with the place having internet
When log on system and conduct interviews, dynamic knowledge ecosystem present situation.Sets itself measurement herbage height and herbage as needed
The working time of the high-definition network camera of cover degree and shooting photo number of times, automatic and closing under program, section
Save energy consumption.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method monitoring native grass based on miniclimate monitoring system, is monitored based on miniclimate described in embodiment 1
The method of system monitoring native grass, comprises the following steps:
S1, use high-definition network camera, using Close Up Photogrammetry, using ccd imaging, obtain described natural in real time
The herbage height of the herbage area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree；
S2, the image of acquisition is sent to data monitoring server, calculates herbage height and herbage cover degree；
S3, the herbage ground biomass according to following formula (1) described native grass area of observation coverage of calculating；
Y=6.887x0.88(1)
Wherein, described y is described native grass area of observation coverage native grass ground biomass, unit kg/ha, described x
Product for described native grass area of observation coverage herbage height and herbage cover degree.
With reference to Fig. 4, in step s2, described herbage height is to be calculated according to formula (2):
Wherein, h represents the average height of herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm；Described h represents from described sky
So the herbage height picture acceptance of the bid chi of the herbage area of observation coverage measures the height of herbage, unit cm；Described l represent described herbage with described
The distance of scale, unit cm；Described a represent the shortest level of the described native grass area of observation coverage and described high-definition network camera away from
From unit cm；Described b represents described high-definition network camera to the vertical range on described ground, unit cm；Described m just represents
The length of side of the square described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm, in the present embodiment, the described native grass area of observation coverage is the length of side
The square of 100cm.
With reference to Fig. 5, in step s2, described herbage cover degree is to obtain by the following method:
First geometric correction and image cropping are carried out to the image obtaining described native grass area of observation coverage cover degree in step s1
Process, be then based on Pixel scrambling, the information of the atural object pixel in the image that acquisition was processed, then set red, green, blue
Trichromatic threshold value, is analyzed by herbage in treated image and background characteristics and obtains treated image
On the pixel of herbage and the total pixel number of treated image, by described herbage pixel number and described total pixel
Number does ratio, and the percentage obtaining is the cover degree of herbage.
More specifically explain: assume that the information of a pixel is made up of vegetation and non-vegetation two parts, the Spectral Properties of pixel
Levy the information linear weighted function contributed by this two parts to form.Photograph captured by digital camera is to be made up of red, green, blue three primary colours
's.Therefore, the three primary colours information in photograph is also to be formed by the three primary colours information linear weighted function of vegetation part and non-vegetation part,
The weight of vegetation and non-vegetation is the shared ratio in sample prescription of respective area.Therefore, grassland vegetation cover degree is just considered as
It is weight in sample prescription for the vegetation pixel.According to the definition of grassland vegetation cover degree, cover degree is the ground of whole plant individuals in sample ground
Percentage shared by upper part planimetric area, as in image, the pixel number shared by vegetation accounts for sample prescription total pixel number
Percentage, so do ratio as this using herbage pixel number described in digital picture and described total pixel number in the present embodiment
The cover degree of herbage in native grass monitoring section.
With reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the raw estimation of biomass model in native grass ground, i.e. formula y=described in step s3 in the present invention
6.887x0.88Curve map, wherein formula y=6.887x0.88R2=0.816.
In the present embodiment, also there are following steps after step s3: the institute that step s3 is obtained by data monitoring server
State the herbage in the native grass area of observation coverage ground biomass and corresponding thereto the meteorological element in moment be fabricated to form and show
On the display interface of described data monitoring server.
In the present embodiment, described miniclimate monitoring system and the position relationship of the described native grass area of observation coverage are: described
The native grass area of observation coverage is located at the north of described miniclimate monitoring system upwards, and described miniclimate monitoring system natural is herded with described
The careless area of observation coverage is determined by the connecting line between data acquisition equipment and the first data acquisition unit.
By using technique scheme disclosed by the invention, having obtained following beneficial effect:
The system of the present invention utilizes high definition network technology, meteorological sensor technology, data acquisition technology, wireless telecommunications
Technology and solar powered, the automatic observation to grassland ecology meteorology for the realization.The present invention is used for monitoring native grass growth
The miniclimate monitoring system educated, solves the various drawbacks of artificial observation, and such as monitoring station distance is remote, observes bothersome laborious expense
Work, artificial observation subjectivity is larger, and ecological error of observation data is larger, observes the low problem of data frequency.The research and development of this system,
The drawbacks of fully solve above, realization observation data implements monitoring, and observation element is comprehensively, time saving and energy saving, to raising Ecological View
The objectivity of survey data, the quality of data and the observation personnel's work gas intensity that mitigates, raising observed efficiency etc. are significant.
The present invention is simple for monitoring the miniclimate monitoring system structure that native grass grows, powerful, monitoring
Key element index comprehensively, data acquisition amount is big, solves many drawbacks that Traditional Man carries out ecological observation, data acquisition science
Accurately, data analysis understands automatically, and monitoring system is easy to learn.The data that present invention monitoring obtains improves ecological observational data
Objectivity, the quality of data and the observation personnel's work gas intensity that mitigates, raising observed efficiency, for grassland ecology Observation Service
There is the progress of leap, filled up the blank that grassland ecology monitors field automation.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
Depending on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method based on miniclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, adopt high-definition network camera, obtain the herbage height of the native grass area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree in real time；
S2, the image of acquisition is sent to data monitoring server, calculates herbage height and herbage cover degree；
S3, the herbage ground biomass according to following formula (1) described native grass area of observation coverage of calculating；
Y=6.887x0.88(1)
Wherein, described y is herbage ground biomass in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit kg/ha, and described x is described
The product of herbage height and herbage cover degree in the native grass area of observation coverage.
2. according to claim 1 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that step s1 based on miniclimate monitoring system
Method particularly includes: described high-definition network camera adopts Close Up Photogrammetry, using ccd imaging, obtains described native grass
The herbage height of the area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree.
3. according to claim 1 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that step s2 based on miniclimate monitoring system
In, described herbage height is to be calculated according to formula (2):
Wherein, h represents the average height of herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm；Described h represents and natural herds from described
The herbage height picture acceptance of the bid chi of the careless area of observation coverage measures the height of herbage, unit cm；Described l represents described herbage and described scale
Distance, unit cm；Described a represents the shortest horizontal range of the described native grass area of observation coverage and described high-definition network camera,
Unit cm；Described b represents described high-definition network camera to the vertical range on ground, unit cm；Described m represents described in square
The length of side of the native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm.
4. according to claim 1 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that step s2 based on miniclimate monitoring system
In, described herbage cover degree is to obtain by the following method:
First the image obtaining described native grass area of observation coverage cover degree in step s1 is carried out with geometric correction and image cropping is processed,
It is then based on Pixel scrambling, the information of the atural object pixel in the image that acquisition was processed, then set red, green, blue three former
The threshold value of color, is analyzed by herbage in treated image and background characteristics and obtains on treated image
The pixel of herbage and the total pixel number of treated image, described herbage pixel number is done with described total pixel number
Ratio, the percentage obtaining is the cover degree of herbage.
5. according to claim 1 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that in step based on miniclimate monitoring system
Also there are following steps: the herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage that step s3 is obtained by data monitoring server after s3
The meteorological element in ground biomass and corresponding thereto moment is fabricated to the display that form is shown in described data monitoring server
On interface.
6. according to claim 1 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that described side based on miniclimate monitoring system
Used in method, miniclimate monitoring system includes: data monitoring server, herbage Growing state survey subsystem, meteorological element monitoring
System, soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, Wireless Telecom Equipment data collecting device；By described Wireless Telecom Equipment, institute
State data monitoring server to be wirelessly connected with described data acquisition equipment, described data acquisition equipment respectively with described herbage growing way
Monitoring subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem wired connection；
Described data monitoring server, for regulating and controlling described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem
With the monitoring of described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, and be responsible for display above three subsystem transmission data；
Described data acquisition equipment, gathers in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem
The electric signal numerical value that sensor records, and convert thereof into meteorological data and be stored and delivered to described data monitoring server；With
When, it is also responsible for, by the digital picture of the native grass area of observation coverage of described herbage Growing state survey subsystem transmission, passing to described number
According to monitoring server；
Described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, for obtaining the digital picture of native grass in the described native grass area of observation coverage；
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the meteorological element of the described native grass area of observation coverage；
Described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the edaphic factor of the described native grass area of observation coverage.
7. according to claim 6 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that described gas based on miniclimate monitoring system
As key element monitoring subsystem includes: be sequentially fixed at downwards wind speed wind direction sensor described support, radiation from cantilever tip
Sensor, power supply unit and barometer, are also fixedly installed with described wind speed wind direction sensor on the bracket with respect to described
Symmetrically arranged first Temperature Humidity Sensor of support, described support fixes on the ground；In described power supply unit and described air pressure
Symmetrically arranged air velocity transducer and the second Temperature Humidity Sensor are further fixed on the described support between meter；Wherein, by institute
State data acquisition equipment, described power supply unit is respectively to described wind speed wind direction sensor, described first Temperature Humidity Sensor, described
Radiation sensor, described air velocity transducer and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor are powered；
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem also includes: rainfall gauge, and described rainfall gauge is fixedly installed on apart from described support 2～4m
Ground on.
8. according to claim 7 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that described number based on miniclimate monitoring system
It is fixed on the support of described meteorological element monitoring subsystem according to collecting device, and be fixed on described air velocity transducer and described
The lower end of the second Temperature Humidity Sensor.
9. according to claim 6 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that described herd based on miniclimate monitoring system
Careless Growing state survey subsystem includes: high-definition network camera and the first data acquisition unit；Described high-definition network camera with described
First data acquisition unit wired connection；Described first data acquisition unit and described data acquisition equipment wired connection；
Described high-definition network camera is used for the real-time herbage picture obtaining the described native grass area of observation coverage, and the herbage that will obtain
Picture is sent to described first data acquisition unit, sends described herbage picture to described data by described first data acquisition unit
Collecting device.
10. according to claim 6 the method for native grass is monitored it is characterised in that described based on miniclimate monitoring system
Soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem includes: soil temperature sensor and soil humidity sensor；Described soil temperature sensor and
Described soil humidity sensor respectively with described data acquisition equipment wired connection.
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| CN108353676B (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2020-07-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Experimental device for measuring influence of hot wave climate and mowing on grassland ecological system |
| CN110906986A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-24 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Grassland ecological monitoring system and method based on Internet of things |
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| CN101424523B (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2012-01-04 | 南京大学 | Digital visual method for rapidly measuring cover degree of grass and forest vegetation |
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