CN104306583A - 一种治疗月经量少的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗月经量少的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗月经量少的中药组合物,它是由枸杞子、菟丝子、附子、吴茱萸、淫羊藿、仙茅、骨碎补、桂枝、丹参、杜仲、补骨脂、续断、川牛、沙苑子、川芎、大血藤、玫瑰花、炙甘草按照一定的重量配比组成,具有补肾助阳,活血调经,散寒止痛的功效,能够有效治疗月经量少。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物,具体涉及一种治疗月经量少的中药组合物。本发明还涉及该中药组合物的制备方法。
背景技术
月经量少是指月经周期基本正常,月经血量较常量明显减少,甚至点滴即净;或经期缩短不足两天,经量亦少的月经病。一般认为月经血量每次不超过20ml,为月经过少。长期月经过少容易引起色斑、暗疮,不但影响美容,而且还会影响身体健康,严重的直接导致不孕,引发妇科炎症危机,对女性的身体健康造成严重的危害。
中医学认为本病多因血虚、气滞、血瘀、寒凝血脉、痰阻等原因所致。中医采用补肾活血法治疗本病具有独特的优势和丰富的经验,且临床疗效显著,副作用较小。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种中药组合物,该中药组合物对于治疗月经量少具有疗效确切,副作用小,服用方便,价格低廉的特点。
本发明的另一目的是提供该治疗月经量少的中药制剂的制备方法。
发明人在多年的临床医疗实践中,观察到月经量少给患者带来的痛苦,根据该病症的发展规律,以及中药的配伍原则,并通过大量的临床验证,反复探索总结出一种治疗月经量少的中药制剂的新配方,能够促进患者自然恢复,改善患者体质为患者解除病痛。本发明选择枸杞子、菟丝子、附子、吴茱萸、淫羊藿、仙茅、骨碎补、桂枝、丹参、杜仲、补骨脂、续断、川牛、沙苑子、川芎、大血藤、玫瑰花、炙甘草进行组合,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,使之具有补肾助阳,活血调经,散寒止痛的功效,从而能够有效治疗月经量少。
本发明中药物的作用:
其中:
枸杞子:为茄科植物宁夏枸杞Lycium barbarum L. 的干燥成熟果实。性味甘;平。归肝、肾、肺经。功效:养肝;滋肾;润肺。主治:肝肾亏虚;头晕目眩;目视不清;腰膝酸软;阳痿遗精;虚劳咳嗽;消渴引饮。枸杞提取液具有延缓衰老作用和补肾功能。
菟丝子:为双子叶植物药旋花科植物菟丝子Cuscuta chinensis Lam. 的干燥成熟种子。性味辛、甘、平。归肝、肾经。功效:补肝肾,益精髓,安胎,明目,止泻。适用于肝肾不足的腰膝筋骨酸痛,腿脚软弱无力、阳痿遗精、呓语、小便频数、尿有余沥、头晕眼花、视物不清、耳鸣耳聋以及妇女带下、习惯性流产等症。菟丝子即可补阳,又可益阴,具有温而不燥,补而不滞的特点,为平补肝肾之良药。常配枸杞子,五味子等。对内分泌的作用:菟丝子可以增加下丘脑-垂体-卵巢促黄体功能。
附子:为毛茛科植物乌头 Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. 的子根的加工品。性味辛、甘,大热;有毒。归心、肾、脾经。功效:回阳救逆,补火助阳,散寒止痛。本品辛热燥烈,走而不守,能通行十二经,既能追复散失之亡阳,又能资助不足之元阳,与补益药同用,可治一身上下阳气衰微、阴寒内盛之证,能上助心阳以通脉,中温脾阳以健运,下温肾阳以益火。
吴茱萸:为芸香科植物吴茱萸Evodia rutaecarpa(Juss.)Benth.、石虎Evodia rutaecarpa(Juss.)Benth. var. officinalis (Dode) Huang 或疏毛吴茱萸Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. bodinieri (Dode)Huang的干燥近成熟果实。性味辛、苦,热;有小毒。归肝、脾、胃、肾经。功效:散寒止痛,降逆止呕,助阳止泻。用于厥阴头痛,寒疝腹痛,寒湿脚气,经行腹痛。
淫羊藿:为小檗科植物淫羊藿(Epimedium brevicornum Maxim.)、箭叶淫羊藿(Epimedium sagittatumMaxim.) 、柔毛淫羊藿(Epimedium pubescens Maxim.)、或朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanum Nakai)的干燥叶。性味辛、甘,温。归肝、肾经。功效:补肾阳,强筋骨,祛风湿。淫羊藿提取液能提高机体免疫功能,特别是对肾虚病人免疫功能低下有改善作用。
仙茅:为石蒜科植物仙茅Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. 的干燥根茎。性味辛,温,有毒。归肾、肝经。功效:补肾助阳、益精血、强筋骨、行血消肿。仙茅根茎乙醇提取物具有雌激素样活性。仙茅水提取液有兴奋性机能的作用。仙茅有增强免疫功能的作用。仙茅辛热,能补肾阳,兴阳道,止遗尿,常与淫羊藿、菟丝子同用。淫羊藿辛甘性温,温燥之性较强,补名门之火,祛风湿疏通络作用突出,长于治疗风湿痹痛,四肢麻木等,仙茅辛热有毒,暖腰膝、祛寒湿作用突出。仙茅与淫羊藿相须为用温阳补肾,用于肾阳不足、命门火衰的阳痿精冷,以及肾虚腰膝痿软,筋骨冷痛。
骨碎补:为水龙骨科植物槲蕨Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm.的干燥根茎。性味苦,温。归肾、肝经。功效:补肾强骨,续伤止痛。用于肾虚腰痛,耳鸣耳聋,牙齿松动,跌扑闪挫,筋骨折伤。
桂枝:为樟科植物肉桂 Cinnamomum cassia Presl的干燥嫩枝。性味辛、甘,温。归膀胱、心、肺经。功效:发汗解肌,温经通脉,助阳化气,散寒止痛。桂枝性温,善通阳气,能化阴寒,对阴寒遏阻阳气,津液不能输布,因而水湿停滞形成痰饮的病症。《长沙药解》载:“入肝家而行血分,定经络而达荣郁。善解风邪,最调木气。升清阳之脱陷,降浊阴之冲逆,舒筋脉之急挛;利关节之壅阻,散遏抑,止痛楚,通经络,开痹涩,甚去湿寒。止奔豚,更安惊悸。”桂枝性温,善通阳气,能化阴寒,温通经络,用于寒凝血滞诸痛证。
丹参:为双子叶植物唇形科 Labiatae鼠尾草属植物丹参 Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. 的干燥根及根茎。性味苦,微寒。入心、肝经。功效:活血调经,祛瘀止痛,凉血消痈,清心除烦,养血安神。用于胸肋胁痛,风湿痹痛,症瘕结块。《日华子本草》:养神定志,通利关脉。治冷热劳,骨节疼痛,四肢不遂;排脓止痛,生肌长肉;破宿血,补新生血;安生胎,落死胎;止血崩带下,调妇人经脉不匀,血邪心烦;恶疮疥癣,瘿赘肿毒,丹毒;头痛,赤眼,热温狂闷。
杜仲:为杜仲科植物杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliver)的干燥树皮。性味甘、微辛,温。归肝、肾经。功效:补肝肾、强筋骨、降血压、安胎。
补骨脂:为豆科植物补骨脂 Psoralea corylifolia L. 的干燥成熟果实。性味辛、苦;温。归肾、心包、脾、胃、肺经。功效:补肾助阳;纳气平喘;温脾止泻。本品能补肾阳、暖脾阳,止泄泻,为治脾肾阳虚之要药。本品辛苦温燥,能温补命门,补肾强腰,壮阳、固精、缩尿,为治肾阳不足、下元不固之要药。
续断:为川续断科植物川续断 Dipsacus asperoides C. Y. Cheng et T. M. Ai的干燥根。性味苦、辛,微温。归肝、肾经。功效:补肝肾;强筋骨;调血脉;续折伤;止崩漏。续断有排脓、止血、镇痛、促进组织再生的作用。本品甘温助阳,辛温散寒,用治肾阳不足,下元虚冷,阳痿不举,遗精滑泄,遗尿尿频等症,兼有补益肝肾,强健壮骨,通利血脉之功。常与肉苁蓉,菟丝子等壮阳药同用。
川牛膝:为苋科植物川牛膝 Cyathula officinalis Kuan 的干燥根。性味甘、微苦,平。归肝、肾经。功效:逐瘀通经,通利关节,利尿通淋。《中药志》中记载:破血下降。
沙苑子:为豆科植物扁茎黄芪Astragalus complanatus R.Brown.的干燥成熟种子。性味温,甘。归肝、肾经。功效:功效:温补肝肾,固精,缩尿,明目。用于肾虚腰痛,遗精早泄,白浊带下,小便余沥,眩晕目昏。《顾氏医镜》云:本品“强阴固精、功专补肾。”沙苑子益精而不乱阳,补阳而不乱身。
川芎:为伞形科植物川芎 Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. 的干燥根茎。性味辛,温。归肝、胆、心包经。功效:活血祛瘀;行气开郁;祛风止痛。本品辛散温通,能上行巅顶,下达血海,外彻皮毛,旁通四肢,既能活血又能行气,昔人谓川芎为血中之气药,殆言其寓辛散、解郁、通达、止痛等功能。
大血藤:为木通科植物大血藤 Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehd. et wils. 的干燥藤茎。性味苦,平。入肝、大肠经。功效:败毒消痈,活血通络,祛风杀虫,抑菌作用。用于肠痈腹痛、经闭痛经、风湿痹痛有较好的疗效。
玫瑰花:为蔷薇科植物玫瑰 Rosa rugosa Thunb. 的干燥花蕾。性味甘、微苦,温。归肝、脾经。功效:行气解郁,和血,止痛,强肝养胃,活血调经,润肠通便,解郁安神。主治:胸膈满闷,胃脘、胁肋、乳房胀痛,月经不调,赤白带下。泄泻痢疾,跌打损伤,风痹,痈肿。《本草正义》中记载:玫瑰花香气最浓,清而不浊,和而不猛,柔肝醒胃,流气活血,宣通壅滞而绝无辛温刚燥之弊,推断气分药之中,最有捷效而最为驯良者,芳香诸品,殆无其匹。
炙甘草:为甘草的蜜烘制加工品。性味平,甘。归心、肺、脾、胃经。功效:补脾和胃,益气复脉。《日华子本草》:安魂定魄。补五劳七伤,一切虚损、惊悸、烦闷、健忘。通九窍,利百脉,益精养气,壮筋骨,解冷热。
本发明的方解是:方中枸杞子养肝滋肾,菟丝子补肝肾、益精髓,附子回阳救逆、补火助阳,吴茱萸散寒止痛,以上四味共为君药,从身体的根本上进行养肝滋肾,调理身体,补火助阳,安抚五脏。淫羊藿、仙茅补肾助阳,骨碎补补肾强骨,桂枝温经通脉、助阳化气,丹参活血调经、祛瘀止痛,以上五味共为臣药,一方面辅佐君药补肾助阳,散寒止痛,另一方面对女性的身体进行活血调经,祛瘀止痛,调理经期血量,缓解患者病症。杜仲、补骨脂补肾助阳,续断补肝肾、调血脉,川牛膝逐瘀通经,沙苑子温补肝肾,川芎活血祛瘀、行气开郁,大血藤活血通络,玫瑰花活血调经,解郁安神,以上几味共为佐药,使药物作用和缓,避免药物作用力过强对患者身体造成伤害,炙甘草补脾和胃,调和诸药,引药归经,为使药。此方诸药合用,君臣协力,佐使共辅,具有补肾助阳,活血调经,散寒止痛的功效,能够有效治疗月经量少。
本发明药物原料用量是经发明人进行大量摸索总结得出的,各原料用量为在下述重量份范围都具有较好的疗效:枸杞子15-25份、菟丝子25-35份、附子10-20份、吴茱萸3-9份、淫羊藿15-25份、仙茅13-23份、骨碎补13-23份、桂枝13-23份、丹参19-29份、杜仲13-23份、补骨脂13-23份、续断15-25份、川牛膝10-20份、沙苑子15-25份、川芎7-17份、大血藤19-29份、玫瑰花5-15份、炙甘草3-9份。
其中优选为:枸杞子20份、菟丝子30份、附子15份、吴茱萸6份、淫羊藿20份、仙茅18份、骨碎补18份、桂枝18份、丹参24份、杜仲18份、补骨脂18份、续断20份、川牛膝15份、沙苑子20份、川芎12份、大血藤24份、玫瑰花10份、炙甘草6份。
本发明药物可以采用中药制剂的常规制备工艺,可制成任何一种药剂学上所说的剂型,如丸剂、散剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、糖浆剂、口服液等。例如可以将这些原料药研成粉末状混合均匀制成散剂冲服;可以用水煎,经过滤得滤液,加入防腐剂制成口服液;必要时也可以直接服用汤剂。
本发明优选的制备方法是颗粒剂,其制备方法如下:
步骤一:按本发明重量配比,称取枸杞子、菟丝子、吴茱萸、补骨脂、沙苑子用纱布包成药包,放于水中浸泡,约40分钟,过滤,备用;
步骤二:按本发明重量配比,称取附子、仙茅、骨碎补、丹参、杜仲、续断、川牛膝、川芎放入砂锅中,加入步骤一中浸泡后剩余冷水,超过药面3厘米,用武火煎沸后,再用文火煎30分钟,过滤,得滤液,在药渣中加入2厘米左右水,煎煮约20分钟,然后加入步骤一中的药包和淫羊藿、桂枝、大血藤、炙甘草继续煎煮30分钟,最后加入玫瑰花煎煮10分钟,过滤,弃渣,合并两次滤液,然后浓缩加乙醇,放置沉淀,过滤,弃沉淀,滤液回收乙醇,备用;
步骤三:将步骤二中所得药液浓缩为60-80℃环境下相对密度1.13~1.15的稠膏,干燥,粉碎成细粉,加入适量乳糖作为稀释剂,乙醇作为润湿剂以及微晶纤维素作为崩解剂,采用干法制粒,制成10g/袋的颗粒剂。
本发明药物具有补肾助阳,活血调经,散寒止痛等功效,且疗效确切,副作用小,服用方便,价格低廉,据对临床100例患者观察统计,使用本发明药物一个疗程总有效率86%,两个疗程总有效率98%。
具体实施方式
实施例一、枸杞子15份、菟丝子25份、附子10份、吴茱萸3份、淫羊藿15份、仙茅13份、骨碎补13份、桂枝13份、丹参19份、杜仲13份、补骨脂13份、续断15份、川牛膝10份、沙苑子15份、川芎7份、大血藤19份、玫瑰花5份、炙甘草3份。
实施例二、枸杞子20份、菟丝子30份、附子15份、吴茱萸6份、淫羊藿20份、仙茅18份、骨碎补18份、桂枝18份、丹参24份、杜仲18份、补骨脂18份、续断20份、川牛膝15份、沙苑子20份、川芎12份、大血藤24份、玫瑰花10份、炙甘草6份。
实施例三、枸杞子25份、菟丝子35份、附子20份、吴茱萸9份、淫羊藿25份、仙茅23份、骨碎补23份、桂枝23份、丹参29份、杜仲23份、补骨脂23份、续断25份、川牛膝20份、沙苑子25份、川芎17份、大血藤29份、玫瑰花15份、炙甘草9份。
下面是患者使用本发明药物的临床统计资料:
一、一般资料
收治患者共100例,平均年龄34岁。
二、中医诊断标准
1、月经周期基本正常,经量很少,甚或点滴即净;
2、本病应与早孕激经相鉴别;
3、排除因结核病引起的月经过少。
三、治疗方法
按照本发明药物重量配比,称取原料药(一日剂量),水煎后过滤去渣,早晚各服一次,温服。30天为一个疗程。
四、疗效评定标准
治愈:经量恢复正常,维持3个月以上;
好转:经量明显增多。或经量恢复正常,但不能维持3个月以上;
未愈:月经周期、经量无变化。
五、治疗结果统计
其中:总有效率=治愈率+好转率
通过治疗结果的统计表明,本发明中药在治疗月经量少具有良好的临床效果,能有效提高治疗的治愈率,值得在临床应用上推广。
典型病例及疗效:
病例一、李某,30岁,自述从三年前开始,发现自己的月经量越来越少了,月经周期还算正常,通常第一天过后,第二天基本就没有了。现在来月经时的第一天还会痛经,小腹感觉有气胀。患者服用本发明中药一个疗程后,经量恢复正常,随访半年未有经量过少现象。
病例二、吴某,23岁,月经周期一直很正常,但是最近人工流产术后两个月了,月经量过少,第一天过后,第二天就可以只用护垫,第三天就基本没有了。患者服用本发明中药一个疗程后,经量恢复正常,随访半年未有经量过少现象。
病例三、刘某,26岁,自述今年共做了两次药物流产,自从做完流产之后,发现经血越来越少了,尤其是这次月经第二天就一点点的几滴,平常就总感觉手脚冰凉。患者服用本发明中药两个疗程后,经量恢复正常,手脚冰凉的现象也逐渐好转,随访一年未有经量过少现象。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗月经量少的中药组合物,其特征在于,该中药组合物是由以下重量份的药物组成:枸杞子15-25份、菟丝子25-35份、附子10-20份、吴茱萸3-9份、淫羊藿15-25份、仙茅13-23份、骨碎补13-23份、桂枝13-23份、丹参19-29份、杜仲13-23份、补骨脂13-23份、续断15-25份、川牛膝10-20份、沙苑子15-25份、川芎7-17份、大血藤19-29份、玫瑰花5-15份、炙甘草3-9份。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的治疗月经量少的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份的药物组成:枸杞子20份、菟丝子30份、附子15份、吴茱萸6份、淫羊藿20份、仙茅18份、骨碎补18份、桂枝18份、丹参24份、杜仲18份、补骨脂18份、续断20份、川牛膝15份、沙苑子20份、川芎12份、大血藤24份、玫瑰花10份、炙甘草6份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗月经量少的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂为颗粒剂。
4.一种治疗月经量少的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法如下:步骤一:按本发明重量配比,称取枸杞子、菟丝子、吴茱萸、补骨脂、沙苑子用纱布包成药包,放于水中浸泡,约40分钟,过滤,备用;步骤二:按本发明重量配比,称取附子、仙茅、骨碎补、丹参、杜仲、续断、川牛膝、川芎放入砂锅中,加入步骤一中浸泡后剩余冷水,超过药面3厘米,用武火煎沸后,再用文火煎30分钟,过滤,得滤液,在药渣中加入2厘米左右水,煎煮约20分钟,然后加入步骤一中的药包和淫羊藿、桂枝、大血藤、炙甘草继续煎煮30分钟,最后加入玫瑰花煎煮10分钟,过滤,弃渣,合并两次滤液,然后浓缩加乙醇,放置沉淀,过滤,弃沉淀,滤液回收乙醇,备用;步骤三:将步骤二中所得药液浓缩为60-80℃环境下相对密度1.13~1.15的稠膏,干燥,粉碎成细粉,加入适量乳糖作为稀释剂,乙醇作为润湿剂以及微晶纤维素作为崩解剂,采用干法制粒,制成10g/袋的颗粒剂。
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