Cylinder hangs and adheres to and hangs auxiliary hook accelerating method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement of a kind of lifting mechanism of tower crane and the mode that hoists thereof, the cylinder referring in particular to a kind of swing crane hangs and adheres to and hangs auxiliary hook and to hoist accelerating method, belongs to Architectural Equipment technical field.
background technology:
Movable arm type tower machine (i.e. pitching jib tower machine) is the pivotal elevator machinery of a kind of tower body erect weighing arm.From industrial building to civil construction, from shipbuilding yard to port and pier, from steel building to power plant construction, movable arm type tower machine has all played huge effect, has been the major equipment that prefabricated components and other building materials and instrument etc. lift work in industry and civil construction are constructed.
Attached arm hangs and cylinder hangs the series also belonging to movable arm type tower machine, existingly still generally serve as unit main force lifting machine in thermoelectricity installation project, but due to attached arm hang and cylinder hang series movable arm type loop wheel machine, what adopted is the mixture structure of carriage amplitude varying/luffing jib, derricking speed and lifting velocity lower, to a certain degree have impact on operating efficiency, add big machinery construction cost.Along with the competition of domestic electrical construction industry is more and more fierce, improving constantly operating efficiency is win the market, one of essential condition earned a profit, and is therefore necessaryly improved this.
Do not find that there is the patent literature constructed with the present invention by patent retrieval, related to the present invention mainly containing is following:
1, the patent No. is CN201020544001.X, the patent of invention that name is called " arm can tear the movable arm type tower machine that arm is removed open ", which disclose the movable arm type tower machine that a kind of arm can tear arm dismounting open, it comprises: sole plate (1), be fixed on the tower body (2) on sole plate (1), swing type mechanism (3) is connected with on tower body (2) top, swing type mechanism (3) is separately installed with A shape tower (4), arm (5), driver's cab (6), counterbalanced weight (7), hoist winch (8), luffing winch (9), wherein arm (5) root is hinged on the both sides of swing type mechanism (3), arm (5) head is connected by steel rope with the assembly pulley (11) at A shape tower (4) top with halter (10) by drag-line.。
2, the patent No. is CN201020544014.7, name is called the patent of invention of " the movable arm type tower machine of inner climbing type and external climbing ", which disclose the movable arm type tower machine of a kind of inner climbing type and external climbing, it comprises: basic built-in fitting (1), tower body (2), climb in installing climbing structure (3) in tower body (2) lower end, the outer climbing structure that climbs (4) that tower body (2) upper end is installed, swing type mechanism (5) is connected with in tower body (2) upper end, swing type mechanism (5) is fixedly connected with equilibrium arm (6), A shape tower (7), arm (8), driver's cab (9), equilibrium arm (6) is provided with engine installation (10), hoist winch (11), luffing winch (12), arm (8) root is hinged on the both sides of swing type mechanism (5), arm (8) head is connected by steel rope with the assembly pulley (14) at A shape tower (7) top with halter (13) by drag-line.
3, the patent No. is CN201110372124.9, and the patent of invention that name is called " movable arm type tower machine 1 and 2 multiplying power semi-automatic conversion device for lifting hook ", which discloses a kind of movable arm type tower machine 1 and 2 multiplying power semi-automatic conversion device for lifting hook.Comprise clamping plate (1), pulley (2), axle (3), counterweight block (4), suspension hook (5), pulley (2) is assemblied between two clamping plates by axle (3), counterweight block (4) is fixed between two clamping plate by bolt by two clamping plates, balance block does not contact with pulley, and suspension hook (5) hangs under pulley (2).When one multiplying power changes two multiplying powers, suspension hook is raised to arm end, then unloads balance block, be fixed to rope one end on the anti-twisting equipment of crane arm end, suspension hook transfers two multiplying power states to.When two multiplying powers change a multiplying power, suspension hook is down to ground, balance block is installed, takes off steel rope from anti-twisting equipment, be fixed on suspension hook.
4, the patent No. is CN200720026287.0, and the patent of invention that name is called " counterbalance weight self-adaptive regulating ", which discloses a kind of counterbalance weight self-adaptive regulating.It is a hinged connecting rod on crane arm, the other end and the rocking bar of connecting rod are hinged, hinged with equilibrium arm in the middle part of rocking bar, other end connection counterbalanced weight framework, a four-bar linkage is formed by crane arm, connecting rod, rocking bar and equilibrium arm, crane arm is initiatively side link, rocking bar is driven side link, equilibrium arm is frame, when crane arm does pitching motion, the hinge that rocking bar connects around itself and equilibrium arm shakes, and the position of counterbalanced weight changes with the shake of rocking bar, thus realizes the Automatic adjusument to counterbalanced weight.
5, the patent No. is CN200810114263.X, name is called the patent of invention of " column crane special for movable arm type group tower ", which disclose a kind of column crane special for movable arm type group tower, wherein, fixed feet 1, standard knot 2, the interior tower joint 6 of jacking are connected to tower body, jacking Nei Tajie establishes and hoists with interior tower joint 9, it established rotating assembly 17 this crane arm 10 hinged and establish luffing mechanism 16, wherein winch 19 be connected luffing stay cord 12 between crane arm, crane arm can be rotated within the scope of 15 ° ~ 89 ° in perpendicular; Hoisting with Nei Tajie establishing lifting mechanism 8, connecting steel wire ropes between the lifting hook pulley group 11 wherein on winch and crane arm.When needing in attached form working process to remove within hoisting crane, crane arm to be raised up 89 ° of angles by luffing mechanism, crane arm is passed through from tower window topmost, and falls voluntarily in the middle of steel tower; Lifting mechanism 8 is positioned on tower body, and lifting work stroke can be made to shorten to improve operating efficiency, and tower body also can be established and tear tower suspension bracket open, it can hoisting crane for convenience detach.
Though these patents above-mentioned have all related to the improvement of some movable arm type tower machines, but all do not relate to the lifting velocity how improving hoisting crane, therefore how to improve the lifting velocity that attached arm hangs and cylinder hangs and be still the major issue that an attached arm of puzzlement hangs and cylinder hangs, need to be improved further.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly slow according to the lifting velocity that current attached arm hangs and cylinder hangs, and affects the deficiency of work efficiency, the method providing the lifting velocity that a kind of attached arm hangs and cylinder hangs to change and device.
According to foregoing invention object, technical scheme proposed by the invention is: a kind of cylinder hangs and adheres to and hangs auxiliary hook accelerating method, first according to loop wheel machine actual disposition and parameter situation, determine the direction and goal value improving lifting speed, then according to determined lifting velocity direction and goal value, converter parameter is arranged, utilize sensor to obtain the load signal of lifting simultaneously, and by connection, the load signal of lifting is transferred to frequency converter, after frequency converter identification load signal, automatic regulating frequency, automatically identify according to load variations, and realize band year speed-raising by increasing frequency, realize the variable frequency control that lifting velocity promotes.
Further, described electrical motor rated voltage is 380V, and variable frequency range is 1 ~ 100Hz; Variable frequency regulating speed control mode is 1 ~ 50Hz is speed control by constant torque, and 50 ~ 100Hz is speed control by constant power.
Further, described lifting velocity direction and goal value is that auxiliary hoisting mechanism lifting velocity reaches: 1 ~ 20m/min under rated load, underloading 10 ~ 40m/min.Underloading part need utilize the characteristic of adjustable frequency motor, is speed control by constant power at 50 ~ 100Hz, improves conversion frequencies, and then improves lifting velocity, but torque declines to some extent, and load reduces to some extent.
Further, described load signal reaches frequency converter after PLC routine processes, and after PLC detects heavy duty or underloading signal, can export corresponding instruction to frequency converter, frequency converter makes corresponding rate-adaptive pacemaker according to instruction, realizes variable frequency control.
Further, the frequency converter of described variable frequency control is selected according to the rated current of asynchronous motor, or select according to the current value (maxim) in asynchronous motor real-world operation, usually make the maximum current in the rated current of rated current >=(1.05 ~ 1.10) electrical motor of frequency converter or electrical motor real-world operation.
Further, described frequency converter selects PG card vector controlled pattern, realizes the closed loop control of motor and frequency converter; Namely PG card is adopted to add the closed loop control of rotary encoder to motor and frequency converter; the frequency that frequency converter exports; the all information of electric current is passed to motor; be added on the rotary encoder of motor side, detect the running state of motor at any time, and send high-speed pulse signal to frequency converter; whether frequency converter can detect the signal self exported at any time consistent with the signal of motor feedback; protect frequency converter self better, prevent Motor Over Speed and slip hook, cross moment phenomenon.
Further, overspeed protection contact installed by described motor, when preventing auxiliary hook from declining fast, slipped the generation of the phenomenons such as hook; Therefore frequency converter speed-raising is played a very good protection.
Further, whether the entrance point that during underloading that described frequency converter utilizes moment device to send, make contact comes on control PLC is effective, control the output of frequency converter, prevent operating personal from sometimes under case of heavy load, operating quick action, thus frequency converter only when light running fast frequency effective.
Further, described frequency converter highest frequency is that 70Hz exports, and gain terminal is set in frequency converter, ensure that and no matter mainly make head how action, corresponding frequency converter gain terminal current potential changes all the time within the scope of 0-7.5V or frequency converter inside adjusts it, thus to ensure that under case of heavy load motor is always in constant moment of force region and work, avoid occurring exceeding constant moment of force control area and entering invariable power work area.
Further, described frequency converter is when fast frequency exports, motor is also correspondingly beyond power frequency operation, at carrier frequency and the Acceleration and deceleration time of frequency converter inner parameter, during DC injection braking, intercropping correspondingly adjusts setting, and prevent frequency conversion from raising speed affects the Rotation Noise of motor and the braking effect of motor with bringing.Carrier frequency and the Acceleration and deceleration time of frequency converter mate according to mechanism's original paper basic feature, then carry out debugging according to the actual conditions at scene and finally arrange and determine.
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention utilizes frequency control, according to the setting parameter lifting velocity direction and goal value of loop wheel machine, and determined the speed that hoists according to load signal by frequency converter, realize automatic regulating frequency, effectively can improve cylinder hang and adhere to the lifting velocity hanging auxiliary hook, improve auxiliary hook efficiency more than 30%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
A kind of cylinder hangs and adheres to and hangs auxiliary hook accelerating method, first according to loop wheel machine actual disposition and parameter situation, determine the direction and goal value improving lifting speed, then according to determined lifting velocity direction and goal value, converter parameter is arranged, utilize sensor to obtain the load signal of lifting simultaneously, and by connection, the load signal of lifting is transferred to frequency converter, after frequency converter identification load signal, automatic regulating frequency, automatically identify according to load variations, and realize band year speed-raising by increasing frequency, realize the variable frequency control that lifting velocity promotes.
Further, described electrical motor rated voltage is 380V, and variable frequency range is 1 ~ 100Hz; Variable frequency regulating speed control mode is 1 ~ 50Hz is speed control by constant torque, and 50 ~ 100Hz is speed control by constant power.
Further, described lifting velocity direction and goal value is that auxiliary hoisting mechanism lifting velocity reaches: 1 ~ 10m/min under rated load, underloading 10 ~ 40m/min.Underloading part need utilize the characteristic of adjustable frequency motor, is speed control by constant power at 50 ~ 100Hz, improves conversion frequencies, and then improves lifting velocity, but torque declines to some extent, and load reduces to some extent.
Further, described load signal reaches frequency converter after PLC routine processes, and after PLC detects heavy duty or underloading signal, can export corresponding instruction to frequency converter, frequency converter makes corresponding rate-adaptive pacemaker according to instruction, realizes variable frequency control.
Further, the frequency converter of described variable frequency control is selected according to the rated current of asynchronous motor, or select according to the current value (maxim) in asynchronous motor real-world operation, usually make the maximum current in the rated current of rated current >=(1.05 ~ 1.10) electrical motor of frequency converter or electrical motor real-world operation.
Further, described frequency converter selects PG card vector controlled pattern, realizes the closed loop control of motor and frequency converter; Namely PG card is adopted to add the closed loop control of rotary encoder to motor and frequency converter; the frequency that frequency converter exports; the all information of electric current is passed to motor; be added on the rotary encoder of motor side, detect the running state of motor at any time, and send high-speed pulse signal to frequency converter; whether frequency converter can detect the signal self exported at any time consistent with the signal of motor feedback; protect frequency converter self better, prevent Motor Over Speed and slip hook, cross moment phenomenon.
Further, overspeed protection contact installed by described motor, when preventing auxiliary hook from declining fast, slipped the generation of the phenomenons such as hook; Therefore frequency converter speed-raising is played a very good protection.
Further, whether the entrance point that during underloading that described frequency converter utilizes moment device to send, make contact comes on control PLC is effective, control the output of frequency converter, prevent operating personal from sometimes under case of heavy load, operating quick action, thus frequency converter only when light running fast frequency effective.
Further, described frequency converter highest frequency is that 70Hz exports, and gain terminal is set in frequency converter, ensure that and no matter mainly make head how action, corresponding frequency converter gain terminal current potential changes all the time within the scope of 0-7.5V or frequency converter inside adjusts it, thus to ensure that under case of heavy load motor is always in constant moment of force region and work, avoid occurring exceeding constant moment of force control area and entering invariable power work area.
Further, described frequency converter is when fast frequency exports, motor is also correspondingly beyond power frequency operation, at carrier frequency and the Acceleration and deceleration time of frequency converter inner parameter, during DC injection braking, intercropping correspondingly adjusts setting, and prevent frequency conversion from raising speed affects the Rotation Noise of motor and the braking effect of motor with bringing.Carrier frequency and the Acceleration and deceleration time of frequency converter mate according to mechanism's original paper basic feature, then carry out debugging according to the actual conditions at scene and finally arrange and determine.
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention utilizes frequency control, according to the setting parameter lifting velocity direction and goal value of loop wheel machine, and determined the speed that hoists according to load signal by frequency converter, realize automatic regulating frequency, effectively can improve cylinder hang and adhere to the lifting velocity hanging auxiliary hook, improve auxiliary hook efficiency more than 30%.The present invention mainly contains the feature of the following aspects:
(1) large-scale lifting mechanism of tower crane electrical motor is lifting and metallurgical Special variable frequency speed regulation three-phase asynchronous motor, has larger overload capacity and higher mechanical strength, is applicable to intermittent working, Fraquent start and braking and rotating in short-term.Its electrical motor rated voltage is 380V, and variable frequency range is 1 ~ 100Hz.Variable frequency regulating speed control mode is 1 ~ 50Hz is speed control by constant torque, and 50 ~ 100Hz is speed control by constant power.
(2) according to Electric Traction knowledge and correlation formula, want to promote in fact auxiliary hook lifting velocity, at guarantee horsepower output, when torque, the power of electrical motor need be improved, reduce the speed ratio of retarder, and corresponding parts also must be changed accordingly.With this principle, corresponding transformation is done to existing auxiliary hoisting mechanism, its lifting velocity is reached: specified 1 ~ 20m/min, underloading 10 ~ 40m/min.Underloading part need utilize the characteristic of adjustable frequency motor, is speed control by constant power at 50 ~ 100Hz, improves conversion frequencies, and then improves lifting velocity, but torque declines to some extent, and load reduces to some extent;
(3) on former auxiliary hoisting mechanism electric system basis, carry out Secondary Design and electric parameter resets, transform to increase frequency to realize band and carry speed-raising.By changing converter parameter, according to condition of loading, pass parameter back to frequency converter by weight sensor, frequency converter selects suitable hoisting and descending speed automatically according to load, reaches the object improving lifting efficiency;
(4) again hang FZQ-1250 cylinder and FZQ2400 attachment is hung converter parameter and arranged, increase connection simultaneously and load signal is transferred to frequency converter, after frequency converter identification load signal, automatic regulating frequency, improves auxiliary hook efficiency;
(5) FZQ2000Z auxiliary hook power is lower, and lifting velocity is comparatively slow, under original auxiliary hook hoists prerequisite that winch do not change, by changing big-power transducer, motor, reducing retarder speed ratio, reaching the object of auxiliary hook speed-raising;
(6) cylinder hangs auxiliary hook and adopts single hook forms, speed is unsuitable too fast, therefore we have only carried out electric parameter and have reset on former basis, transform and carry speed-raising to increase frequency to realize band, realize automatically identifying according to load variations, from the lifting velocity that improve underloading situation, the more former speed that hoists improves 30%, FZQ2400 is same only to be reset electric parameter, and auxiliary hook lifting velocity improves 30% under the premise that security is guaranteed.
Obviously, the embodiment cited by the application is just in order to be described further cited several examples to principle of the present invention and structure, and any some improvement done according to principle design of the present invention all should belong to the scope that the present invention protects.