CN104260479A - 一种高分子合金防水卷材及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高分子合金防水卷材及其生产方法,高分子合金防水卷材包括复合成一体的合金板层和高分子材料层,合金板层的两个侧面上都敷设有抗氧化材料;防水卷材至少一侧敷设有防水防腐自粘胶料层,防水防腐自粘胶料层的外侧设有硅油膜,防水防腐自粘胶料层的防水防腐自粘胶料的组分和重量百分比包括20~45%的热塑性丁苯橡胶、10~35%的芳烃油、3~25%的热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂、3~5%的阻锈防腐剂和8~19%的滑石粉。本发明有很好的耐水性和耐腐蚀性,抗紫外线,耐低温,耐老化,耐穿刺,且施工快,能与建筑物粘结形成严密一体的新型防水材料,适用于各类建筑工程的地铁、隧道、桥路、地下或屋面,特别适用于抗植物根系面层的防水施工。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防水卷材,特别涉及一种应用于建设领域的一种高分子合金防水卷材。
背景技术
目前,建筑领域的防水施工中面临窜水渗漏和沉降影响两大技术难题,如何为结构混凝土提供有效的防水保护是一件极具挑战性的任务。现有技术中采用预铺反粘法施工,将液态混凝土直接浇注在防水卷材上,待混凝土凝固后,混凝土结构与防水卷材粘结成为一体,可有效防止水分渗入防水卷材和混凝土结构的间隙,提高防水系统可靠性。合金板层和高分子材料复合防水卷材是目前的一个发展方向,但其仍然存在许多不足,如:
1、制作过程中高分子材料层与合金板层的粘结困难,粘结不牢固,容易有缝隙,导致卷材整体防水效果受损;
2. 目前预铺的防水卷材中多数用的是改性沥青类胶粘剂,不仅粘结剥离强度较低,沥青本身是一种热流冷脆材料,因此改性沥青类胶粘剂耐高温和低温性能差,这为夏天和冬天施工带来麻烦;
3. 合金板层缺少有效的抗氧化处理,导致板材易被氧化腐蚀造成漏水现象,无法进行资源循环利用,致使卷材整体使用寿命短,且无法回收,形成固体废弃物垃圾,浪费资源,污染环境;
4. 卷材的表面无覆膜处理,粘脚,工人无法在卷材表面绑扎钢筋;也无专门保护层,如因工期拖延,在紫外线和风雨的作用下,失去粘接的效果而导致产品报废。
综上,目前急需一种便于施工、耐高低温性能好、粘结剥离强度高、耐腐蚀耐老化、使用寿命长可循环使用且绿色环保的高分子合金防水卷材。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种高分子合金防水卷材及其生产方法,解决现有技术中防水卷材中多数用的是改性沥青类胶粘剂、粘结强度较低、耐高温和低温性能差、给夏天和冬天施工带来困难的问题;还解决现有高分子合金防水卷材合金板层与高分子层直接粘结、无有效的抗氧化处理、导致板材易被氧化腐蚀造成漏水现象、无法进行资源循环利用、致使卷材整体使用寿命短、对环境造成污染的问题;同时还解决现有卷材表面无覆膜处理和制作过程中高分子材料层与合金板层的粘结困难、粘结不牢固、容易有缝隙、导致卷材整体防水效果受损的问题。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采取如下技术方案;
一种高分子合金防水卷材,包括复合的高分子材料层和合金板层,其特征在于:所述合金板层的两侧涂覆有抗氧化材料层;所述高分子材料层和/或合金板层的外侧敷设有防水防腐自粘胶料层,所述防水防腐自粘胶料层的外侧设有硅油膜;
所述防水防腐自粘胶料层中防水防腐自粘胶料的组分和重量百分比如下,
热塑性丁苯橡胶 20~45%;
芳烃油 10~35%;
热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂 3~25%;
阻锈防腐剂 3~5%;
滑石粉 8~19%。
作为本发明的优选技术方案,所述合金板层为铜合金、铁合金、锡合金、铅合金、铝合金或铅锡合金的箔层。
作为本发明的进一步优选技术方案,所述高分子材料层为HDPE高分子片材、EVA高分子片材、PVC高分子片材或APAO高分子片材。
作为本发明的进一步优选技术方案,所述抗氧化材料层(2)为与合金板层(3)材料对应的铜抗氧化剂、铁抗氧化剂、锡抗氧化剂、铅抗氧化剂、铝抗氧化剂或铅锡抗氧化剂的材料层。
作为本发明的进一步优选技术方案,所述防水防腐自粘胶料层由重量百分比为28%的热塑性丁苯橡胶、34%芳烃油、19%的热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂、4%的阻锈防腐剂和15%的滑石粉组成。
所述热塑性丁苯橡胶是SBS188丁苯橡胶;所述芳烃油中的芳烃含量≥86%;所述热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂为BR系列丙烯酸树脂;所述阻锈防腐剂为MS-105阻锈防腐剂。
更优选的,高分子合金防水卷材的两侧还分别敷设一层防护布。
更优选的,所述防护布是无纺布、化纤布、玻纤布或编织布。
本发明还设涉及一种上述的一种高分子合金防水卷材的生产方法,高分子材料经过材料分配器时按比例要求分配,再进入三辊延压装置进行延压并与合金板层复合,然后经过牵引进入涂胶系统涂胶,随后进入冷却展平系统,再进入纠偏系统、切割系统,最后进行收卷、包装,具体步骤如下:
步骤一、将防水防腐自粘胶料的各成分按配比称重后放入热熔箱内进行熔胶;
步骤二、将形成高分子材料层的塑料、橡胶及添加剂装入混合器内搅拌混合均匀形成高分子材料的混合物料;
步骤三、预热挤出设备,将挤出设备由后至前加热至140~190度;
步骤四、用上料设备将混合器内的高分子材料的混合物料打入挤出设备,经过材料分配器后从挤出设备挤出形成薄层高分子材料;
步骤五、将薄层高分子材料引至滚压设备的第一滚和第二滚之间进行延压,形成高分子片材;
步骤六、在合金板层的两侧涂覆在抗氧化材料层形成合金板层;
步骤七、将步骤五得到的高分子片材与步骤六得到的合金板层在第二滚与第三滚间进行复合延压,形成复合片材;
步骤八、将复合片材牵引至涂敷系统涂敷防水防腐自粘胶料,在此期间,涂敷系统须连接热熔箱,待热熔胶温度升至160℃,将熔化后的防水防腐自粘胶料打入涂敷系统进行涂敷成为防水防腐自粘胶料层;
步骤九、敷硅油膜:将步骤八处理后的复合片材的表面敷硅油膜;
步骤十、通过牵引机进入冷却展平系统、纠偏系统,最后至切割设备进行切割,收卷成型后进行成品包装。
作为本发明可选的技术方案,所述步骤三或四的挤出设备是单螺杆挤出设备或双螺杆挤出设备。所述步骤八中,涂敷防水防腐自粘胶料层时为单面敷或双面敷。
与现有技术相比,本发明的技术优势在于:
1. 合金板层材经过抗氧化处理后与橡塑高分子片材经过热熔延压复合,有效解决了金属不能与高分子基材粘结的难题,使其同时所述高分子卷材和合金卷材的性质。以高分子橡胶为原料添加辅助剂成膜,埋入地下不易腐烂,作埋入式防水材料时能与建筑物同寿命;高分子层有很好的其拉力强度高,延伸率好,耐高低温性能好、粘结剥离强度高,耐水性、耐腐蚀性、耐低温性及抗紫外线、耐老化性能好、更耐根系的穿刺;合金板层具有很好的阻止根系的穿刺,并具有很好的拉力强度;
2. 合金板层以合金板层材为基材,加以抗氧化剂处理,以防合金板层的氧化腐蚀,可更好地保护合金,有效延长防水卷材的使用寿命;
3. 防水防腐自粘胶料层代替传统的改性沥青类胶粘剂,防水防腐自粘胶料层是包含热塑性橡胶、芳烃油、热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂、阻锈防腐剂和滑石粉填充剂合成的防水防腐自粘胶料热塑性橡胶,具有橡胶和塑料的双重特性,其内聚苯乙烯链段作为硬链段,形成物理交联结构,赋予了防水卷材良好的力学性能,具有高回弹性,高延伸率,拉伸强度能达到20~35MPa,比一般通过化学作用交联的弹性体的拉伸强度都高;芳烃油耐高温和低温,不易挥发,能显著改善橡胶的加工性能,使其耐老化、耐酸碱,阻锈防腐性能优越,能适应冬季或夏季施工;粘结性能强,适用范围广,可在多种基材上粘结,如水泥,金属木材等,也可在潮湿的基面上铺贴施工,时间越长粘结效果越好;
4. 防水卷材的外侧设置硅油膜以防材料之间粘结,为卷材提供保护,同时方便施工。
5. 无须明火施工,安全环保。
综上,本发明高分子合金防水卷材具有很好的防水效果和良好的抗植物根系穿透功能,能与建筑物发生自粘结,形成严密一体的新型防水材料,适用于各类建筑工程的地铁、隧道、桥路、地下或屋面,特别适用于抗植物根系面层的防水施工。
附图说明
图1是本发明涉及的实施例1的高分子合金防水卷材的结构示意图;
图2是本发明涉及的实施例2的高分子合金防水卷材的结构示意图;
图3是本发明涉及的实施例3的高分子合金防水卷材的结构示意图;
图4是本发明涉及的实施例4的高分子合金防水卷材的结构示意图;
图5是本发明设计的实施例5的高分子合金防水卷材的结构示意图;
图6是本发明涉及的制作高分子合金防水卷材的流水线结构示意图。
附图标记:1-高分子材料层、2-抗氧化材料层、3-合金板层、4-防水防腐自粘胶料层、5-硅油膜、6-防护布、7-混合器、8-上料设备、9-挤出设备、10-滚压设备、11-热熔箱、12-冷却展平设备、13-纠偏设备、14-切割设备、15-收卷设备、16-包装设备。
具体实施方式
如图1至图5是五个实施例,如图1所示的实施例1的高分子合金防水卷材结构自上而下为硅油膜5、防水防腐自粘胶料层4、高分子材料层1、抗氧化材料层2、合金板层3和抗氧化材料层2;如图2所示的实施例2的高分子合金防水卷材的结构自上而下为高分子材料层1、抗氧化材料层2、合金板层3、抗氧化材料层2、防水防腐自粘胶料层4和硅油膜5;如图3所示的实施例3的高分子合金防水卷材的结构自上而下为硅油膜5、防水防腐自粘胶料层4、高分子材料层1、抗氧化材料层2、合金板层3和抗氧化材料层2;如图4所示的实施例4的高分子合金防水卷材的结构自上而下为防护布6、高分子材料层1、抗氧化材料层2、合金板层3和抗氧化材料层2;如图5所示的实施例5的高分子合金防水卷材的结构自上而下为高分子材料层1、抗氧化材料层2、合金板层3和抗氧化材料层2。下面结合五个实施例对本发明作进一步的解释说明。
一种高分子合金防水卷材,包括复合的高分子材料层1和合金板层3,其特征在于:所述合金板层3包括中间的合金板层31和涂覆在合金板层两侧的抗氧化材料层32;所述高分子材料层1和/或合金板层3的外侧敷设有防水防腐自粘胶料层4,所述防水防腐自粘胶料层4的外侧设有硅油膜5;所述合金板层31可以是铜合金、铁合金、锡合金、铅合金、铝合金或铅锡合金的箔层。所述高分子材料层1可以是HDPE高分子片材、EVA高分子片材、PVC高分子片材或APAO高分子片材。所述抗氧化材料层2为与合金板层3材料对应的铜抗氧化剂、铁抗氧化剂、锡抗氧化剂、铅抗氧化剂、铝抗氧化剂或铅锡抗氧化剂的材料层。
如图1至图3,防水卷材至少一侧敷设有防水防腐自粘胶料层4,防水防腐自粘胶料层4的外侧设有硅油膜5。其中,图1是本发明涉及的实施例1的只在一侧设置防水防腐自粘胶料层4的结构示意图,图2是本发明涉及的实施例2在另一侧设置防水防腐自粘胶料层4的结构示意图,图3是本发明涉及的实施例3卷材的两侧都设置防水防腐自粘胶料层4的结构示意图。如图4所示,本发明防水卷材的两侧还可以各敷设一层防护布6,防护布6可以是无纺布、化纤布、玻纤布或编织布。如图5所示,所述合金板层3的上下两面敷设有一层抗氧化材料2的结构示意图。
所述防水防腐自粘胶料层4的防水防腐自粘胶料的组分和重量百分比20~45%的热塑性丁苯橡胶、10~35%的芳烃油、3~25%的热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂、3~5%的阻锈防腐剂和8~19%的滑石粉,其中,优选的百分比为28%的热塑性丁苯橡胶、34%芳烃油、19%的热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂、4%的阻锈防腐剂和15%的滑石粉组成。所述热塑性丁苯橡胶是SBS188丁苯橡胶;所述芳烃油中的芳烃含量≥86%;所述热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂为BR系列丙烯酸树脂;所述阻锈防腐剂为MS-105阻锈防腐剂。
本发明还涉及上述高分子合金防水卷材的生产方法,如图6所示,其生产线为:混合器--上料设备--挤出设备--滚压设备--涂敷设备--敷膜设备--涂敷设备--敷膜设备--储存料设备-冷却展平设备-纠偏设备-切割设备-收卷设备-包装设备;具体制作步骤如下:
步骤一、将防水防腐自粘胶料的各成分按配比称重后放入热熔箱11内进行熔胶;
步骤二、将形成高分子材料层1的塑料、橡胶及添加剂装入混合器7内搅拌混合均匀形成高分子材料的混合物料;
步骤三、预热挤出设备9,将挤出设备由后至前加热至140~190度;
步骤四、用上料设备8将混合器7内的高分子材料的混合物料打入挤出设备9,经过材料分配器后从挤出设备挤出形成薄层高分子材料;
步骤五、将薄层高分子材料引至滚压设备10的第一滚和第二滚之间进行延压,形成高分子片材;
步骤六、在合金板层31的两侧涂覆在抗氧化材料层32形成合金板层3;
步骤七、将步骤五得到的高分子片材与步骤六得到的合金板层3在第二滚与第三滚间进行复合延压,形成复合片材;
步骤八、将复合片材牵引至涂敷系统涂敷防水防腐自粘胶料,在橡胶表面进行敷膜(硅油纸/膜)。在敷膜冷却后牵引至第二道涂敷系统进行另一面的涂敷橡胶膜,然后牵引至涂敷系统涂敷自粘橡胶膜,在涂敷系统应连接橡胶热熔箱,待热熔橡胶的温度至160度,把熔化后的自粘橡胶打入涂敷系统进行涂敷成为橡胶模,涂敷自粘橡胶膜工序完成后,在橡胶表面进行敷膜(硅油纸/膜);
步骤九、敷硅油膜:将步骤八处理后的复合片材的表面敷硅油膜;
步骤十、通过牵引机进入冷却展平系统12、纠偏系统13,最后至切割设备14进行切割,收卷成型后进行成品包装。
Claims (10)
1.一种高分子合金防水卷材,包括复合的高分子材料层(1)和合金板层(3),其特征在于:所述合金板层(3)的两侧涂覆有抗氧化材料层(2);所述高分子材料层(1)和/或合金板层(3)的外侧敷设有防水防腐自粘胶料层(4),所述防水防腐自粘胶料层(4)的外侧设有硅油膜(5);
所述防水防腐自粘胶料层(4)中防水防腐自粘胶料的组分和重量百分比如下,
热塑性丁苯橡胶 20~45%;
芳烃油 10~35%;
热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂 3~25%;
阻锈防腐剂 3~5%;
滑石粉 8~19%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材,其特征在于:所述合金板层(3)为铜合金箔层、铁合金箔层、锡合金箔层、铅合金箔层、铝合金箔层或铅锡合金箔层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材,其特征在于:所述高分子材料层(1)为HDPE高分子片材、EVA高分子片材、PVC高分子片材或APAO高分子片材。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材,其特征在于:所述抗氧化材料层(2)为与合金板层(3)材料对应的铜抗氧化剂、铁抗氧化剂、锡抗氧化剂、铅抗氧化剂、铝抗氧化剂或铅锡抗氧化剂的材料层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材,其特征在于:所述防水防腐自粘胶料层(4)由重量百分比为28%的热塑性丁苯橡胶、34%芳烃油、19%的热塑性固体丙烯酸树脂、4%的阻锈防腐剂和15%的滑石粉组成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材,其特征在于:高分子合金防水卷材的两侧还分别敷设一层防护布(6)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材,其特征在于:所述防护布(6)是无纺布、化纤布、玻纤布或编织布。
8.一种应用于权利要求1~7任意一项所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材的生产方法,其特征在于,具体制作步骤如下:
步骤一、将防水防腐自粘胶料的各成分按配比称重后放入热熔箱(11)内进行熔胶;
步骤二、将形成高分子材料层(1)的塑料、橡胶及添加剂装入混合器(7)内搅拌混合均匀形成高分子材料的混合物料;
步骤三、预热挤出设备(9),将挤出设备由后至前加热至140~190度;
步骤四、用上料设备(8)将混合器(7)内的高分子材料的混合物料打入挤出设备(9),经过材料分配器后从挤出设备挤出形成薄层高分子材料;
步骤五、将薄层高分子材料引至滚压设备(10)的第一滚和第二滚之间进行延压,形成高分子片材;
步骤六、在合金板层的两侧涂覆在抗氧化材料层(2)形成合金板层(3);
步骤七、将步骤五得到的高分子片材与步骤六得到的合金板层(3)在第二滚与第三滚间进行复合延压,形成复合片材;
步骤八、将复合片材牵引至涂敷系统涂敷防水防腐自粘胶料,在此期间,涂敷系统须连接热熔箱(11),待热熔胶温度升至160℃,将熔化后的防水防腐自粘胶料打入涂敷系统进行涂敷成为防水防腐自粘胶料层(4);
步骤九、敷硅油膜:将步骤八处理后的复合片材的表面敷硅油膜;
步骤十、通过牵引机进入冷却展平系统(12)、纠偏系统(13),最后至切割设备(14)进行切割,收卷成型后进行成品包装。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材的生产方法,其特征在于:所述步骤三或四的挤出设备(9)是单螺杆挤出设备或双螺杆挤出设备。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种高分子合金防水卷材的生产方法,其特征在于:所述步骤八中涂敷防水防腐自粘胶料层时为单面敷或双面敷。
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