CN104222094B - 一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物，所述杀菌组合物含有暗罗素和嘧菌环胺两种活性组分，其中暗罗素与嘧菌环胺重量比为1～8：8～1，所述暗罗素与嘧菌环胺占杀菌组合物总重量的30～60%。本发明还公开了上述的一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物在防治果蔬灰霉病和果树白粉病中的应用。本发明避免长期使用嘧菌环胺或暗罗素单制剂出现的抗药性，延长药剂的使用时间；暗罗素和嘧菌环胺复配后产生较好的协同增效作用，降低使用量，降低使用成本；提高保护和治疗效果，扩大杀菌谱。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，涉及一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物，主要防治植物病害如葡萄白粉病、灰霉病和草莓白粉病、灰霉病等病害。
背景技术
暗罗素，为暗罗属植物根部提取物，通用名称：吡啶硫酮锌，奥麦丁锌、简写通称ZPT。化学名称：基氨基丙烷2-二甲甲酰硫。吡啶硫酮锌对真菌和细菌有较强的杀灭力，能够有效地杀死产生头皮屑的真菌，起到去屑作用。另外还用作化妆品保存剂，油剂、纸浆、涂料、杀菌剂，使用十分广泛。对农作物、人畜和有益生物均安全，对环境无污染。
嘧菌环胺，中别名:4-环丙基-6-甲基-N-苯基嘧啶-2-胺，英文名称:Cyprodinil4-cyclopropyl-6-methyl-N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine，分子式:C14H15N3，分子量:225.289。蛋氨酸生物合成抑制剂。同三唑类、咪唑类、吗啉类、苯基吡咯类等无交互抗性。嘧菌环胺具有保护、治疗、叶片穿透及根部内吸活性。叶面喷雾或种子处理，也可做大麦种衣剂用药。
上述两种农药单独长期使用，易产生投药性，降低防效，增加用量，也增加了成本。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的第一个目的是提供了一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物，植物病害如葡萄白粉病、灰霉病和草莓白粉病、灰霉病等病害。本发明的第二个目的是提供了上述杀菌组合物的应用。
技术方案：为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物，所述杀菌组合物含有暗罗素和嘧菌环胺两种活性组分，其中暗罗素与嘧菌环胺重量比为1～8：8～1，所述暗罗素与嘧菌环胺占杀菌组合物总重量的30～70％。
其中，上述暗罗素与嘧菌环胺重量比为1～5：5～1。
其中，上述杀菌组合物还包括助剂及赋型剂。
其中，上述助剂为湿润剂、分散剂、稳定剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、展着剂、穿透剂中的一种或几种。
其中，上述润湿剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、十二烷基硫酸钠、木质素磺酸盐、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇硫酸盐、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯基醚中的一种或几种。
其中，上述分散剂为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠(NNO)、木质素磺酸盐、对甲氧基脂肪酰胺基苯磺酸(LS)、烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基乙基磺酸盐、烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛混合物和聚羧酸类中的一种或几种。
其中，上述展着剂为聚乙烯醇、烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠、聚三硅氧烷中的一种及几种。
其中，上述稳定剂为油酸三乙醇胺或环氧化植物油如环氧化亚麻油、环氧化豆油中的一种及几种。
其中，上述穿透剂为失水壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇脂肪酸脂聚氧乙烯醚、或脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或几种。
其中，上述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、黄原胶、阿拉伯胶中的一种或几种。
溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、柴油、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、环已酮、吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种。
其中，上述防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、山梨醇中的一种或几种。
其中，上述消泡剂为有机硅类，如Si18、S～29、FZ～880中的一种或几种。
其中，上述赋型剂为高岭土、膨润土、滑石粉、轻质碳酸钙、硅藻土、陶土、凹凸棒土、活性白土、石膏中一种或几种。
本发明为悬浮制剂型时，其组成成分及重量百分比为：暗罗素10～60％，嘧菌环胺1～30％，湿润剂4％～10％，分散剂3-10％，穿透剂1％～10％，稳定剂0.2％～10％，增稠剂0.2％～4％，防冻剂1％～8％，消泡剂0.1％～3％，水余量。
当本发明为可湿性粉剂型量，其组成成分及重量百分比为：暗罗素10％～60％，嘧菌环胺1％～30％，湿润剂1-15％，分散剂1-10％，增稠剂0.2％～3％，赋型剂余量。
当本发明为水分散性粒剂剂型时，其组成成份及重量百分比为：暗罗素10％～60％，嘧菌环胺1％～30％，润湿剂2％～18％，分散剂3％～15％，展着剂1％～6％，穿透剂1％～10％，赋型剂余量。
上述的一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物在防治果蔬灰霉病和植物白粉病中的应用。
有益效果：本发明避免长期使用嘧菌环胺或暗罗素单制剂出现的抗药性，延长药剂的使用时间；暗罗素和嘧菌环胺复配后产生较好的协同增效作用，降低使用量，降低使用成本；提高保护和治疗效果，扩大杀菌谱。
具体实施方式
以下具体实例用以进一步详细说明本发明，但本发明绝非仅仅限于以下这些实施例，所使用的原药及助剂均为其他厂家购买。配方实例如下：
实施例一
45％暗罗素·嘧菌环胺可湿性粉剂中各个组分的重量比：暗罗素40％，嘧菌环胺5％，十二烷基硫酸钠4％，亚甲基双萘磺酸钠(NNO)4％，木质素磺酸钠6％，聚乙烯醇2％，白炭黑5％，硅藻土为余量/2，高岭土为余量/2。
实施例二
60％暗罗素·嘧菌环胺水分散粒剂中各个组分的重量比：暗罗素50％，嘧菌环胺10％，十二烷基硫酸钠6％，亚甲基双萘磺酸钠(NNO)5％，木质素磺酸钙8％，聚乙烯醇2％，失水壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚8％，白炭黑5％，高岭土为余量。
实施例三
45％暗罗素·嘧菌环胺悬浮剂中各个组分的重量比：暗罗素5％，嘧菌环胺40％，十二烷基硫酸钠5％，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3％，聚乙烯醇3.5％，亚甲基双萘磺酸钠(NNO)6％，黄原胶0.5％FZ～8802％，水补足至100％。
实施例四
60％暗罗素·嘧菌环胺水分散粒剂中各个组分的重量比：暗罗素40％，嘧菌环胺20％，十二烷基硫酸钠5％，对甲氧基脂肪酰胺基苯磺酸(LS)5％，亚甲基双萘磺酸钠(NNO)8％，聚乙烯醇3％，山梨醇脂肪酸脂聚氧乙烯醚5％，白炭黑5％，高岭土补足至100％。
实施例五
30％暗罗素·嘧菌环胺可湿性粉剂中各个组分的重量比：暗罗素15％，嘧菌环胺15％，烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚10％，烷基苯磺酸钠4％，烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛混合物6％，羧甲基纤维素0.2％，白炭黑5％，硅藻土为余量/2，高岭土为余量/2。
实施例六
48％暗罗素·嘧菌环胺水分散粒剂中各个组分的重量比：暗罗素8％，嘧菌环胺40％，十二烷基硫酸钠2％，亚甲基双萘磺酸钠(NNO)3％，木质素磺酸钙5％，阿拉伯胶1％，聚三硅氧烷2％，山梨醇脂肪酸脂聚氧乙烯醚8％，白炭黑5％，高岭土为余量。
实验例：
生测采用菌丝生长速率法，5d后观察结果，计算各配方的EC50、共毒系数等指标，混配制剂的联合毒力采用孙云沛的共毒系数方法表示：
混配制剂的理论毒力指数A＝∑(某药的毒力指数×在混剂中该药有效成分的百分率)
CTC大于120时为增效作用，小于80时为拮抗作用，80-120时为加和作用。
表1 暗罗素、嘧菌环胺及其不同配对比对草莓白粉病菌的生测结果
从上述生测的数据结果可以看出，暗罗素与嘧菌环胺复配时均有增效作用，配方的共毒系数(CTC)均大于120，说明暗罗素在5％-40％和嘧菌环胺在5％-40％的的范围内复配，都有明显的增效作用。
为进一步验证复配制剂防治农作物病害的实际使用效果，以葡萄白粉病、灰霉病和草莓白粉病、灰霉病为防治对象进行田间试验、具体稀释浓度设置：实施例一1000倍液、实施例二2000倍液、实施例三2000倍液、实施例四2000倍液、实施例五1000倍液、实施例六1500倍液、50％嘧菌环胺水分散粒剂2000倍液、30％暗罗素可湿性粉剂800倍液，另设空白对照共7个处理，每处理重复2次，重复面积100平方米，分别于农作物各病害的发病初期，用以上各实施例与对照药剂的稀释倍数，每666.7平方米药液量为50公斤，用背负式弥雾机兑水细喷雾，一周后再用药一次,于第二次药后7天调查各处理病情指数，并以对照区的病情指数计算相对防治效果。其结果如表2：
表2 暗罗素与嘧菌环胺及其不同配比的试验效果
从上述数据可以看出，实施例一、例二、例三、例四、实施例五、实施例六的田间药效均高于或相近于50％嘧菌环胺，显著高于30％暗罗素单剂的使用效果，不但具有一药多治、扩大了杀菌谱，而且可以防止或延缓嘧菌环胺单剂抗药性的产生，更主要的是明显降低使用嘧菌环胺单剂的农药成本，性价比高，本发明以水或高岭土等为基质，对环境安全。所以本发明的研发与推广具有重要的意义。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：所述杀菌组合物为60%暗罗素·嘧菌环胺水分散粒剂，其中，各个组分的重量比：暗罗素40%，嘧菌环胺20%，十二烷基硫酸钠5%，对甲氧基脂肪酰胺基苯磺酸5%，亚甲基双萘磺酸钠8%，聚乙烯醇3%，山梨醇脂肪酸脂聚氧乙烯醚5%，白炭黑5% ，高岭土补足至100%。
2.权利要求1所述的一种防治植物病害的杀菌组合物在防治果蔬灰霉病和果树白粉病中的应用。
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