CN104216128A - A full parallax three-dimensional light field display device and three-dimensional light field display system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a display device for a full parallax three-dimensional light field. The display device includes: a display, a lens array, and a holographic function screen; the display is used to display image information collected from different directions; the lens array is used for The image information displayed on the display is projected onto the holographic functional screen; the holographic functional screen is used to provide a light field with a full parallax stereoscopic effect. The display device and the display system of the present invention can enable viewers to watch from different angles and different distances, and the viewers can watch correct light field information.

Description

A full parallax three-dimensional light field display device and three-dimensional light field display system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a full parallax three-dimensional light field display device and a three-dimensional light field display system.

Background technique

Autostereoscopic display technology can bring more real visual experience to viewers. More and more attention has been paid to the research and application of autostereoscopic display. In order to achieve an ideal and efficient display effect, a large number of display methods have been proposed in recent years, but all of them have certain limitations. Today's society has an urgent need for efficient autostereoscopic display methods.

The holographic functional screen has become an important device for free stereoscopic light field display. Each point on the holographic functional screen can emit light of different colors and intensities in different directions according to needs. Using this principle, the original object information is projected onto the holographic function screen through a specially arranged projector array, and the spatial light field of the original object can be obtained.

Liquid crystal display technology has become more and more mature. The current liquid crystal display panel has a balanced brightness, is not easy to change color, and has a viewing angle close to 180 degrees. In recent years, the resolution has also continuously broken through with the improvement of technology. At present, 4K (3840*2160) resolution has become the mainstream resolution of LCD.

Viewpoint display: At present, the most common autostereoscopic viewpoint display is realized by combining a liquid crystal panel and a lenticular grating. The display principle and effect are shown in Figure 1. This display mode limits the viewing range to the viewer, requiring the viewer to move only within a certain distance and within a certain range, and stereoscopic inversion will appear during the movement. This display method achieves stereoscopic vision by providing disparity maps to the left and right eyes of a person respectively, so the display effect of this display method is somewhat different from that of real objects.

Light field display: The light field display uses the projector array and the holographic functional screen to truly reproduce the spatial light field of the original object for the viewer, which can meet the needs of the viewer to move freely within a certain range and observe the object. The display principle is shown in the figure 2 shown. Due to the need to introduce a large number of projector arrays, the entire display system is bulky and inconvenient to use, difficult to adjust and unfavorable to maintain. Moreover, the projector is prone to problems such as color and brightness deviation due to long-term work, which will cause the display effect to deteriorate.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the view point display method in the prior art limits the viewing range to the viewer, requiring the viewer to only move within a certain distance and within a certain range, and stereoscopic reflections will appear during the movement. The light field display method in the prior art needs to introduce a large number of projector arrays, so the entire display system is bulky and inconvenient to use, difficult to adjust and unfavorable to maintain. Moreover, the projector is prone to problems such as color and brightness deviation due to long-term work, which will cause the display effect to deteriorate.

For this purpose, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a display device with a full parallax three-dimensional light field, the display device comprising: a display, a lens array, and a holographic functional screen;

The display is used to display image information collected from different directions;

The lens array is used to project the image information displayed on the display to the holographic functional screen;

The holographic functional screen is used to provide a light field with full parallax stereo effect.

Optionally, the number of lenses in the lens array is determined by the number of display areas of the display.

Optionally, the number of display areas of the display is N×N, where N is a positive integer.

Optionally, the number of lenses in the lens array is N×N, where N is a positive integer.

Optionally, the lenses in the lens array are opaque square structures, and a light-transmitting round hole is opened in the center of the square structure.

Optionally, the display is a liquid crystal display, and the lenses in the lens array are Fresnel lenses.

Optionally, the distance between the display and the lens array is l ₂ , the distance between the lens array and the holographic functional screen is l ₁ , and the l ₁ and l ₂ satisfy the following formula:

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; arctan</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

Among them, W is the width of the display, f is the focal length of the lens, W _f is the distance between the lenses in the lens array, W ₀ is the width of the content displayed on the holographic function screen, and θ is the viewing angle of view.

In the second aspect, the present invention also proposes a three-dimensional light field display system. The display system includes: at least two 3D light display splicing units, and holographic functional screens whose number is the same as the number of 3D light display splicing units. The surface of the functional screen is a smooth arc;

The 3D light display splicing unit includes: a display and a lens array;

The included angle between adjacent 3D light display splicing units is a preset angle, and the adjacent holographic functional screens are smoothly connected.

Compared with the prior art, the full parallax three-dimensional light field display device and the three-dimensional light field display system of the present invention enable the viewer to display stereoscopic inversion during the movement process; enable the viewer to view from different angles and different distances Watching, the viewer can watch the correct light field information.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an autostereoscopic viewpoint display;

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a light field display on a holographic functional screen;

FIG. 3 shows a structural diagram of a display device of a full parallax three-dimensional light field in Embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 shows a structural diagram of a display device of a full parallax three-dimensional light field in Embodiment 2;

Fig. 5 shows the imaging principle diagram of the display device in the second embodiment;

FIG. 6 shows the three-dimensional light field display system in the third embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are the Some, but not all, embodiments are invented. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment one:

This embodiment discloses a full parallax three-dimensional light field display device. As shown in FIG. 3 , the display device includes: a display, a lens array, and a holographic functional screen;

The display is used to display image information collected from different directions;

The lens array is used to project the image information displayed on the display to the holographic functional screen;

The holographic functional screen is used to provide a light field with full parallax stereo effect.

The number of lenses in the lens array is determined by the number of display areas of the display.

The number of display areas of the display is N×N, where N is a positive integer.

The number of lenses in the lens array is N×N, where N is a positive integer.

The lenses in the lens array are opaque square structures, and a light-transmitting round hole is opened in the center of the square structure.

The display is a liquid crystal display, and the lenses in the lens array are Fresnel lenses.

The distance between the display and the lens array is l ₂ , the distance between the lens array and the holographic functional screen is l ₁ , and the l ₁ and l ₂ satisfy the following formula:

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; arctan</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

Among them, W is the width of the display, f is the focal length of the lens, W _f is the distance between the lenses in the lens array, W ₀ is the width of the content displayed on the holographic function screen, and θ is the viewing angle of view.

The full parallax three-dimensional light field display device disclosed in this embodiment enables viewers to watch from different angles and different distances, and the viewers can watch correct light field information.

Embodiment two:

This embodiment discloses a full parallax three-dimensional light field display device, as shown in FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, the display device may include: a liquid crystal display, a Fresnel lens array, and a holographic function screen.

Use the liquid crystal display to display the image information collected from different directions (arrange the image information collected from different angles horizontally and vertically), and rely on the Fresnel lens array to project the information on the liquid crystal screen to the holographic function screen. In the common area, finally, a light field display with full parallax stereoscopic effect can be obtained from the front of the holographic functional screen.

In order to eliminate distortion and reduce crosstalk in the display device of this embodiment, the Fresnel lens only has a hole in the center, and the other positions are opaque.

The number of display areas of the liquid crystal display in this embodiment is 9×9, and the imaging principle is shown in FIG. 5 . The total width of the liquid crystal display panel is W, the width of each part of the displayed content is W/9, the focal length of the Fresnel lens is f, the distance between the liquid crystal display panel and the Fresnel lens array is l ₂ , the lens array and the holographic function screen The distance is l ₁ , the distance between the Fresnel lenses is W _f , the width of the content displayed on the holographic functional screen is W ₀ , and the viewing angle is θ. According to the imaging principle of the lens and the triangular relationship, we can get the following formula:

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; arctan</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 18</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

The full parallax three-dimensional light field display device disclosed in this embodiment enables viewers to watch from different angles and different distances, and the viewers can watch correct light field information.

Embodiment three:

This embodiment discloses a three-dimensional light field display system. The display system includes: at least two 3D light display splicing units, holographic functional screens with the same number as the 3D light display splicing units, and the surface of the holographic functional screen is a smooth arc;

The 3D light display splicing unit includes: a display and a lens array;

The included angle between adjacent 3D light display splicing units is a preset angle, and the adjacent holographic functional screens are smoothly connected.

In specific applications, three 3D light display splicing units can be selected, as shown in Figure 6, each 3D light display splicing unit displays birds from different angles, and these three 3D light display splicing units are jointly spliced into a complete three-dimensional bird image .

The three-dimensional light field display system of this embodiment can realize three-dimensional light field display of larger size and curved display screen.

In specific applications, 4K liquid crystal display devices, Fresnel lens arrays and holographic function screens can be used to achieve full parallax stereoscopic effects. The resolution of the formed true 3D image is 426×240, and the true 3D image is synthesized by information from 81 directions. The viewer can watch from different angles and different distances, and can see the correct light field information.

The technical terms involved in this article are as follows:

Free stereoscopic display: you can watch the stereoscopic display without wearing any visual aids (stereoscopic glasses, stereoscopic helmets, etc.).

Holographic function screen: an optical screen that can control light in a directional way, realized by holography.

Light field display: After collecting the light field emitted by the object, use the emission principle of the light field to reproduce the space of the three-dimensional object. This display method can meet the needs of viewers to watch from different distances and different directions.

Viewpoint display: Different disparity maps are formed in space in the form of viewpoints. When the viewer's eyes are located at different viewpoints, the left and right eyes will obtain different parallax images, and the viewer will obtain stereoscopic information.

Full parallax stereoscopic display: a stereoscopic display with both horizontal and vertical parallax.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. within the bounds of the requirements.

Claims (8)

1. A display device with a full parallax three-dimensional light field, characterized in that the display device includes: a display, a lens array, and a holographic functional screen; The display is used to display image information collected from different directions; The lens array is used to project the image information displayed on the display to the holographic functional screen; The holographic functional screen is used to provide a light field with full parallax stereo effect. 2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the number of lenses in the lens array is determined by the number of display areas of the display. 3 . The display device according to claim 2 , wherein the number of display areas of the display is N×N, and the N is a positive integer. 4 . 4. The display device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the number of lenses in the lens array is N×N, and N is a positive integer. 5 . The display device according to claim 1 , wherein the lenses in the lens array are opaque square structures, and a light-transmitting round hole is opened in the center of the square structures. 5 . 6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the display is a liquid crystal display, and the lenses in the lens array are Fresnel lenses. 7. The display device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the distance between the display and the lens array is l ₂ , the distance between the lens array and the holographic functional screen is l ₁ , the l ₁ and l ₂ satisfy the following formula: $\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ $\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ $\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; arctan</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ Among them, W is the width of the display, f is the focal length of the lens, W _f is the distance between the lenses in the lens array, W ₀ is the width of the content displayed on the holographic function screen, and θ is the viewing angle of view. 8. A three-dimensional light field display system, characterized in that the display system includes: at least two 3D light display splicing units, and holographic function screens with the same number as the number of 3D light display splicing units, and the holographic function screens The surface is a smooth arc; The 3D light display splicing unit includes: a display and a lens array; The included angle between adjacent 3D light display splicing units is a preset angle, and the adjacent holographic functional screens are smoothly connected.