CN104193946B - 自消光聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种自消光聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法,该树脂主要是由聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯、二元醇、丙烯酸接枝类物质、亲水性扩链剂、交联剂、胺扩链剂5‑7份等原料制备而成。本发明所述自消光聚氨酯树脂引入了可吸收光线的丙烯酸接枝类物质属于化学消光,涂饰出的皮革具有色泽自然的消光效果。同时,由于加入了丙烯酸接枝类物质,耐水性、耐溶剂性得到了极大地提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,具体涉及一种水性聚氨酯树脂及其合成方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高,对皮革制品的要求也越来越高,要求皮革制品向着两个极端发展,一是高光高透明度聚氨酯树脂涂饰的皮革制品;二是用消光聚氨酯树脂涂饰的色泽自然真皮感好的皮革制品。皮革涂饰剂消光方法主要是物理消光和化学消光两种方式。物理消光是加入消光剂,使涂料在成膜过程表面产生凹凸不平,增大对光的散射和减少反射。化学消光是靠在涂料合成中中引入一些能吸收光线的结构或基团,来获得低光泽。目前市面上流行的亚光皮革多是用物理消光,采用物理消光涂饰的皮革色泽灰暗,不美观。物理消光所用的消光剂在生产过程中产生大量的粉尘污染,给生产人员造成极大的身体伤害。中国专利CN103725178A公开了一种聚氨酯消光光油的合成方法,其中加入了有机硅消光粉,蜡粉等粒径极小的粉类,在合成过程中产生了大量的可吸入颗粒物,给生产人员造成了极大地危害。中国专利CN103740250A公开了自消光型皮革水性聚氨酯涂饰剂的制备方法,其制备工艺相对复杂,由AB两组分分别合成后再混配而成。化学消光是在聚氨酯树脂合成的过程中引入了可吸收光线的基团,但不影响聚氨酯涂膜的透明度,涂饰的皮革色泽自然,凸显真皮感。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种自消光聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法。
本发明所述自消光聚氨酯树脂,主要是由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:
聚醚多元醇100-125份、异氰酸酯70-90份、二元醇4-6份、丙烯酸接枝类物质2-4份、亲水性扩链剂8-10份、交联剂2-4份、低沸点有机溶剂100-150份、催化剂0.02-0.05份、胺扩链剂5-7份、水600-700份。
所述聚醚多元醇为分子量500-1000,羟值为55-60KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇。
所述异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)或氢化苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)。
所述二元醇为1.6-己二醇或1.4-丁二醇。
所述丙烯酸接枝类物质为甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯或甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯。
所述亲水扩链剂为二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸。
所述交联剂是三羟甲基丙烷。
所述低沸点有机溶剂为丙酮。
所述催化剂为新癸酸铋。
所述胺扩链剂为乙二胺或三乙胺。
所述的水为去离子水。
本发明所述自消光聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.聚合:在无水无氧的条件下,依次将真空脱水的聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯、交联剂加入到反应容器中,在搅拌下,温度80-100℃,反应2-3小时,加入二元醇、亲水性扩链剂、催化剂,在搅拌下,60-80℃下反应2-4小时,再加入丙烯酸接枝类物质封端;每隔0.5-1h加入5-15kg丙酮控制粘度,待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束;
2.乳化:在得到的聚合体中,1500-2500转/分的搅拌转速下加入胺扩链剂、水进行乳化,500-1000转/分的搅拌转速下搅拌5-10分钟得到乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂;
3.蒸馏:把得到的乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂转入蒸馏釜中,在60-80℃下蒸馏1-3h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏,即得所述自消光聚氨酯树脂。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在以下几个方面:
1.本发明直接生产出具有消光效果的聚氨酯树脂,工艺简单,便于操作。
2.本发明所述自消光聚氨酯树脂引入了可吸收光线的丙烯酸接枝类物质属于化学消光,涂饰出的皮革具有色泽自然的消光效果。同时,由于加入了丙烯酸接枝类物质,耐水性、耐溶剂性得到了极大地提高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1
配方:
分子量1000,羟值56.6KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇100kg,H12MDI70kg,1.6-己二醇4kg,二羟甲基丙酸8kg,三羟甲基丙烷2kg,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯2kg,丙酮100kg,新癸酸铋0.02kg,乙二胺5.5kg,离子水600kg。
工艺:
1、聚合反应:在无水无氧的条件下,依次将真空脱水的分子量1000,羟值56.6KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇、H12MDI加入到反应容器中,在机械搅拌下,温度85℃,反应2小时,加入1.6-己二醇、二羟甲基丙酸、三羟甲基丙烷、新癸酸铋到反应容器中,在机械搅拌下,温度80℃反应3小时,再加入丙烯酸接枝类物质封端。每隔1h加入15kg丙酮,待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束。
2、乳化:在得到的聚合体中,1500转/分的转速下加入乙二胺,水进行乳化, 800转/分搅拌10分钟得到乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂。
3.蒸馏:把得到的乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂抽入蒸馏釜中,在65℃蒸馏3h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏。
实施例2
配方:
分子量650,羟值56.0KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇110kg,H12MDI80kg,1.6-己二醇5kg,二羟甲基丙酸9kg,三羟甲基丙烷3kg,甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯3kg,丙酮120kg,新癸酸铋0.03kg,乙二胺7kg,离子水650kg。
工艺:
1、聚合反应:在无水无氧的条件下,依次将真空脱水的分子量650,羟值56.6KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇、H12MDI加入到反应容器中,在机械搅拌下,温度90℃,反应2小时,加入1.6-己二醇、二羟甲基丙酸、三羟甲基丙烷、新癸酸铋到反应容器中,在机械搅拌下,温度75℃反应3.5小时,再加入丙烯酸接枝类物质封端,每隔0.5h加10kg丙酮控制粘度。待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束。
2、乳化:在得到的聚合体中,1500转/分的转速下加入乙二胺,水进行乳化,500转/分的转速下搅拌8分钟得到乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂。
3.蒸馏:把得到的乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂抽入蒸馏釜中,在75℃蒸馏2h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏。
实施例3
配方:
分子量1000,羟值57.0KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇120kg,H12MDI 90kg,1.6-己二醇6kg,二羟甲基丙酸10kg,三羟甲基丙烷4kg,甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯4kg,丙酮125kg,新癸酸铋 0.05kg,三乙胺7kg,离子水700kg。
工艺:
1、聚合反应:在无水无氧的条件下,依次将真空脱水的分子量1000,羟值56.6KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇、H12MDI加入到反应容器中,在机械搅拌下,温度90℃,反应2小时,加入1.6-己二醇、二羟甲基丙酸、三羟甲基丙烷、新癸酸铋到反应容器中,在机械搅拌下,温度70℃反应4小时,再加入丙烯酸接枝类物质封端,每隔1h加入12kg丙酮控制粘度。待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束。
2、乳化:在得到的聚合体中,2000转/分的转速下加入三乙胺,水进行乳化, 800转/分的转速下搅拌7分钟得到乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂。
3.蒸馏:把得到的乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂抽入蒸馏釜中,在77℃蒸馏1.5h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏。
Claims (7)
1.一种自消光聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,主要是由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:聚醚多元醇100-125份、异氰酸酯70-90份、二元醇4-6份、丙烯酸接枝类物质2-4份、亲水性扩链剂8-10份、交联剂2-4份、低沸点有机溶剂100-150份、催化剂0.02-0.05份、胺扩链剂5-7份、水600-700份;
所述聚醚多元醇为分子量500-1000,羟值为55-60KOHmg/g的聚四氢呋喃醚二醇;
所述丙烯酸接枝类物质为甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯或甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯;
其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)聚合:在无水无氧的条件下,依次将真空脱水的聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯、交联剂加入到反应容器中,在搅拌下,温度80-100℃,反应2-3小时,加入二元醇、亲水性扩链剂、催化剂,在搅拌下,60-80℃下反应2-4小时,再加入丙烯酸接枝类物质封端;每隔0.5-1h加入5-15kg丙酮控制粘度,待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束;
(2)乳化:在得到的聚合体中,1500-2500转/分的搅拌转速下加入胺扩链剂、水进行乳化,500-1000转/分的搅拌转速下搅拌5-10分钟得到乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂;
(3)蒸馏:把得到的乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂转入蒸馏釜中,在60-80℃下蒸馏1-3h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏,即得所述自消光聚氨酯树脂。
2.如权利要求1所述自消光聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或氢化苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
3.如权利要求1所述自消光聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述二元醇为1.6-己二醇或1,4-丁二醇。
4.如权利要求1所述自消光聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述亲水扩链剂为二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸。
5.如权利要求1所述自消光聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述交联剂是三羟甲基丙烷;所述低沸点有机溶剂为丙酮;所述催化剂为新癸酸铋;所述的水为去离子水。
6.如权利要求1所述自消光聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述胺扩链剂为乙二胺或三乙胺。
7.如权利要求1-6任一项所述自消光聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)聚合:在无水无氧的条件下,依次将真空脱水的聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯、交联剂加入到反应容器中,在搅拌下,温度80-100℃,反应2-3小时,加入二元醇、亲水性扩链剂、催化剂,在搅拌下,60-80℃下反应2-4小时,再加入丙烯酸接枝类物质封端;每隔0.5-1h加入5-15kg丙酮控制粘度,待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束;
(2)乳化:在得到的聚合体中,1500-2500转/分的搅拌转速下加入胺扩链剂、水进行乳化,500-1000转/分的搅拌转速下搅拌5-10分钟得到乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂;
(3)蒸馏:把得到的乳白色的水性聚氨酯树脂转入蒸馏釜中,在60-80℃下蒸馏1-3h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏,即得所述自消光聚氨酯树脂。
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