CN104186137B - The cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass - Google Patents
The cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186137B CN104186137B CN201410375918.4A CN201410375918A CN104186137B CN 104186137 B CN104186137 B CN 104186137B CN 201410375918 A CN201410375918 A CN 201410375918A CN 104186137 B CN104186137 B CN 104186137B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to tall grass cultivation technique field, particularly the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass. the present invention includes following steps: (1) leveling soil, (2) lay netted filling drainage pipeline net, (3) lay sand bed, (4) lay fertilizer layer, (5) sowing, (6) strong sprout, (7) cut grass and fertilising, (8) maintenance. the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: pass through to fill with drainage measure at beach salt-soda soil, coastal waters band, lowering of watertable, make the dealkalize of soil fast dewatering, reach the environment of suitable tall grass growth, method provided by the invention can be used for the saline and alkaline regional golf range of high concentration, golf course, the place Urban Greenings such as football pitch, also can be used for saline and alkaline ground of high concentration, strand urban lawn afforests and beautifies and tide wall, reservoir grassed slope, simultaneously, for improving the ecological environment, extensive improvement salt-soda soil, increase grainfield area, alleviation urban land and basic farmland are striven ground contradiction extremely important effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tall grass cultivation technique field, particularly the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass.
Background technology
Part coastal waters beach is because level of ground water is high, evaporation capacity large, soil is rich in salinity, tide is attacked often, major part is beach heavy saline, earth's surface and soil salt content are at 0.3-1.9%, ph value is between 8.0-8.9, and ecological afforestation condition inadequate natural endowment, only has fluffy, the red alkali of a small amount of alkali fragmentary distribution the such as fluffy, most of exposed alkali field, not even a blade of grass grows. If do not taked the technical measures such as engineering, all plants are all difficult to growth, because soil saliferous alkali number is high, greening land occupation condition extreme difference; cause that survival rate is low, storage rate is low, lack vegetation protection, ecological degeneration; severe water and soil erosion, moistureproof embankment is washed away by tide, and dyke forms safely hidden danger.
Tall grass is conventional afforestation vegetation, its property happiness cold wet, warm weather, optimum pH value is 5.5-7.5, Salt And Alkali Tolerance degree is generally below 0.2%, therefore under field conditions (factors), tall grass cannot be planted on beach salt-soda soil, coastal waters, and it faces many technical problems, therefore how waking the beach saline-alkali ground resource of being sunk into sleep for many years up, is the emphasis that countless experts study for a long period of time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to make up the defect of prior art, provides a kind of cultivating green method that efficiency of construction is high, manage beach salt-soda soil, the coastal waters tall grass of easy to use and suitable tall grass plantation.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A cultivating green method for beach salt-soda soil, coastal waters tall grass, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) leveling soil: remove the object that upper soll layer hinders mechanical work, affects grass growth, the cleaning degree of depth is 30-40 centimetre, is then less than 1/500 according to the direction gradient of longitudinally pouring water, laterally fall with the ratio of level, cut height and fill out low-lying area, flattened, ensure that later stage irrigation and drainage are unimpeded; Leveling soil is an important step of tall grass plantation, can facilitate the operations such as later stage farming, sowing, irrigation, draining, fertilising, laxative, pruning.
(2) lay netted filling drainage pipeline net: adopt closed drainage technology, on soil after step (1) leveling, ditch and lay water pipe, irrigation pipe, draining are oozed to adjacent parallel the burying underground of Guan Tonggou, pipe end ratio falls and is 1/500-1/1000, after pipe laying, backfill is closely knit, concentrates leveling;
(3) lay sand bed: the fine sand of evenly laying 20 cm thicks on the soil of step (2) leveling;
(4) lay fertilizer layer: on the sand bed of laying in step (3), evenly laying a layer thickness is the fertilizer of 2-3 cm thick, can be directly to tall grass supply nutritional labeling;
(5) sowing: adopt unrestrained mode of spreading to sow tall grass seed, flat with flat rake holder, cover straw mat, spray water every day 4-5 time, keep straw mat moistening, carry out maintenance, until little grass is emerged;
(6) strong sprout: little grass is taken straw mat off after emerging, utilize the time of 10-14 hour to complete strong sprout, then continue every day and spray water 3-4 time, keep sand moistening, impel the prosperous length of seedling.
(7) cut grass and fertilising: grass meeting heading in the time that tall grass grows to 8-10 centimetre high, affect tall grass later stage growing way, need cut in time grass, be advisable in the 5 centimetres of left and right of height that keep careless while cutting grass. Fertilising in every 20 days once;
(8) maintenance: note tall grass Diseases of Turfgrass and insect pest summer, should spray in time sterilizing insect-killing medicine; Spray water twice every day in summer, each half an hour; Spring and autumn sprays water one to secondary every day, and each 20 minutes, the front lawn that freezes winter must on average spread husky 3 centimetres again, in order to avoid suffer freeze injury.
The degree of depth of the described ditch of step (2) is 50-80 centimetre, and width is 50 centimetres, and pipe network spacing a, b are 9 meters.
Irrigation pipe and draining are oozed pipe using running water as water source, and irrigation pipe is aided with booster pump and carries out sprinkling irrigation, and sprinkler spacing arranges according to the water spray diameter of shower nozzle, realizes seamless irrigation.
Described draining is oozed pipe outside and is evenly enclosed with outsourcing filtrate, described outsourcing filtrate the infiltration coefficient 10-20 that is outside alkaline land soil doubly, adopt subdrainage to ooze pipe and carry out draining, can mandatory down phreatic low, make alkaline land soil quick desalination, dealkalize, guarantee that tall grass root system is not subject to saline and alkaline harm.
The described fertilizer of step (4) is the residue after farm manure, house refuse, rotten plant, cultivated mushroom.
The described sowing of step (5) is at irrigation pipe, sand bed to be irrigated, and humidity is carried out while meeting tall grass growing environment.
Step (6) process in described strong sprout in the afternoon 18:00 is taken straw mat off later, utilizes strong sprout time in the evening.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: pass through to fill with drainage measure at beach salt-soda soil, coastal waters band, lowering of watertable, make the dealkalize of soil fast dewatering, reach the environment of suitable tall grass growth, method provided by the invention can be used for the saline and alkaline regional golf range of high concentration, golf course, the place Urban Greenings such as football pitch, also can be used for saline and alkaline ground of high concentration, strand urban lawn afforests and beautifies and tide wall, reservoir grassed slope, simultaneously, for improving the ecological environment, extensive improvement salt-soda soil, increase grainfield area, alleviation urban land and basic farmland are striven ground contradiction extremely important effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Accompanying drawing 1 is tall grass plantation sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is filling drainage pipeline network arrangements schematic diagram of the present invention;
In figure, 1 irrigation pipe, pipe is oozed in draining, 3 shower nozzles, 4 water inlets, 5 discharge outlet.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing is a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the cultivating green method of this beach salt-soda soil, coastal waters tall grass, comprises the steps:
(1) leveling soil: remove the object that upper soll layer hinders mechanical work, affects grass growth, the cleaning degree of depth is 30-40 centimetre, is then less than 1/500 according to the direction gradient of longitudinally pouring water, laterally fall with the ratio of level, cut height and fill out low-lying area, flattened, ensure that later stage irrigation and drainage are unimpeded; Leveling soil is an important step of tall grass plantation, can facilitate the operations such as later stage farming, sowing, irrigation, draining, fertilising, laxative, pruning.
(2) lay netted filling drainage pipeline net: adopt closed drainage technology, on soil after step (1) leveling, ditch and lay water pipe, the degree of depth of ditch is 50-80 centimetre, width is 50 centimetres, pipe network spacing a, b are 9 meters, irrigation pipe 1, draining are oozed to pipe 2 with adjacent parallel the burying underground of ditch, pipe end ratio falls and is 1/500-1/1000, irrigation pipe 1 and draining are oozed pipe 2 using running water as water source, irrigation pipe 1 is aided with booster pump and carries out sprinkling irrigation, shower nozzle 3 spacing arrange according to the water spray diameter of shower nozzle 3, realize seamless irrigation; Draining is oozed pipe 2 outsides and is evenly enclosed with outsourcing filtrate, described outsourcing filtrate the infiltration coefficient 10-20 that is outside alkaline land soil doubly, adopt subdrainage to ooze pipe 2 and carry out draining, can mandatory down phreatic low, make alkaline land soil quick desalination, dealkalize, guarantee that tall grass root system is not subject to saline and alkaline harm; After pipe laying, backfill is closely knit, concentrates leveling;
(3) lay sand bed: the fine sand of evenly laying 20 cm thicks on the soil of step (2) leveling;
(4) lay fertilizer layer: on the sand bed of laying in step (3), evenly laying a layer thickness is the fertilizer of 2-3 cm thick, can be directly to tall grass supply nutritional labeling;
(5) sowing: sowing is that flood irrigates after paving is husky, lays after fertilizer, when its humidity meets tall grass growing environment, adopts unrestrained mode of spreading to sow tall grass seed, flat with flat rake holder, cover straw mat, spray water every day 4-5 time, keep straw mat moistening, carry out maintenance, until little grass is emerged;
(6) strong sprout: after little grass is emerged, the 18:00 sun is taken straw mat off after setting in the afternoon, utilize the time in a 10-14 hour evening to carry out strong sprout, later to the seedling after strong sprout, continue to spray water 3-4 time every day, keep sand moistening, impel the prosperous length of little grass.
(7) cut grass and fertilising: in the time that tall grass grows to 8-10 centimetre high, can ear, affect tall grass later stage growing way, need cut grass, cut grass and keep careless 5 centimetres of left and right of height to be advisable, fertilising in every 20 days once;
(8) maintenance: note tall grass Diseases of Turfgrass and insect pest summer, should spray in time sterilizing insect-killing medicine; Spray water twice every day in summer, each half an hour; Spring and autumn sprays water one to secondary every day, and each 20 minutes, the front lawn that freezes winter must on average spread husky 3 centimetres again, in order to avoid suffer freeze injury.
The invention solves the Huang Xucai except Salt And Alkali Tolerance in beach salt-soda soil, coastal waters, under the fluffy environment that all cannot grow of alkali, plant tall grass, ooze pipe 2 lowerings of watertable by draining, make the dealkalize of soil fast dewatering, reach the environment of suitable tall grass growth, technology provided by the invention can be used for the saline and alkaline regional golf range of high concentration, golf course, the place Urban Greenings such as football pitch, also can be used for saline and alkaline ground of high concentration, strand urban lawn afforests and beautifies and tide wall, reservoir grassed slope, simultaneously, for improving the ecological environment, extensive improvement salt-soda soil, increase grainfield area, alleviation urban land and basic farmland are striven ground contradiction extremely important effect.
Claims (7)
1. a cultivating green method for coastal waters beach salt-soda soil tall grass, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) leveling soil: remove the object that upper soll layer hinders mechanical work, affects grass growth, the cleaning degree of depth is 30-40 centimetre, is then less than 1/500 according to the direction gradient of pouring water, and the ratio of transverse horizontal falls, and cuts height and fills out low-lying area, by its leveling;
(2) lay netted filling drainage pipeline net: adopt closed drainage technology, on soil after step (1) leveling, ditch and lay water pipe, irrigation pipe (1), draining are oozed to pipe (2) with adjacent parallel the burying underground of ditch, pipe end ratio falls and is 1/500-1/1000, after pipe laying, backfill is closely knit, concentrates leveling;
(3) lay sand bed: the fine sand of evenly laying 20 cm thicks on the soil of step (2) leveling;
(4) lay fertilizer layer: on the sand bed of laying in step (3), evenly laying a layer thickness is the fertilizer of 2-3 cm thick;
(5) sowing: adopt unrestrained mode of spreading to sow tall grass seed, flat with flat rake holder, cover straw mat, spray water every day 4-5 time, keep straw mat moistening, carry out maintenance, until little grass is emerged;
(6) strong sprout: little grass is taken straw mat off after emerging, utilize the time of 10-14 hour to complete strong sprout, then continue every day and spray water 3-4 time, keep sand moistening;
(7) cut grass and fertilising: in the time that tall grass grows to 8-10 centimetre high, cut grass, keep careless 5 centimetres of left and right of height, fertilising in every 20 days once;
(8) maintenance: note tall grass Diseases of Turfgrass and insect pest summer, should spray in time sterilizing insect-killing medicine; Spray water twice every day in summer, each half an hour; Spring and autumn sprays water one to secondary every day, and each 20 minutes, the front lawn that freezes winter must on average spread husky 3 centimetres again, in order to avoid suffer freeze injury.
2. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: the degree of depth of the described ditch of step (2) is 50-80 centimetre, 50 centimetres of width.
3. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, it is characterized in that: the described irrigation pipe of step (2) (1) and draining are oozed pipe (2) using running water as water source, irrigation pipe (1) is aided with booster pump and carries out sprinkling irrigation, sprinkler spacing arranges according to the water spray diameter of shower nozzle (3), realizes seamless irrigation.
4. according to the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters tall grass described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the described draining of step (2) is oozed pipe (2) outside and is evenly enclosed with outsourcing filtrate, described outsourcing filtrate the infiltration coefficient 10-20 that is outside alkaline land soil doubly.
5. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: the described fertilizer of step (4) is the residue after farm manure, house refuse, rotten plant, cultivated mushroom.
6. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: the described sowing of step (5) is at irrigation pipe, sand bed to be irrigated, and humidity is carried out while meeting tall grass growing environment.
7. the cultivating green method of beach salt-soda soil, a kind of coastal waters according to claim 1 tall grass, is characterized in that: step (6) process in described strong sprout in the afternoon 18:00 is taken straw mat off later, utilizes strong sprout time in the evening.
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