CN104153119A - Melt-blow non-woven material capable of effectively filtering PM 2.5 particles, preparation method and production device - Google Patents
Melt-blow non-woven material capable of effectively filtering PM 2.5 particles, preparation method and production device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104153119A CN104153119A CN201310693171.2A CN201310693171A CN104153119A CN 104153119 A CN104153119 A CN 104153119A CN 201310693171 A CN201310693171 A CN 201310693171A CN 104153119 A CN104153119 A CN 104153119A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a melt-blow non-woven material capable of effectively filtering PM 2.5 particles, a preparation method and a production device. The melt-blow non-woven material comprises, by weight percentage, 93-97 parts of polypropylene, 3-6 parts of electret master batch and 0.1-1 part of polyvinylidene fluoride. According to the melt-blow non-woven material capable of effectively filtering PM 2.5 particles, the polypropylene, the electret master batch and the polyvinylidene fluoride are compounded, the obtained melt-blow non-woven material is characterized by high porosity, the fiber diameter of smaller than two micrometers, large clogging capacity, high filtering efficiency and low resistance, an electret is good in charge storage performance after electret processing, the charge keeping rate can be above two years, and the electret can be used in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment. The product is environmentally friendly and free of pollution, has the advantages of being long in service life and wide in use range, and is particularly suitable for removing PM 2.5 particles in the air.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to meltblown nonwoven technical field, be specifically related to the meltblown nonwoven of a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5, also relate to the process units of the preparation method of meltblown nonwoven and the meltblown nonwoven of a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5 of a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5 simultaneously.
Background technology
PM2.5 refers to that in surrounding air, aerodynamics equivalent is less than or equal to the particle of 2.5 microns, also claims fine particle; It can be suspended in air for a long time; Its aerial content (concentration) is higher, just represents that air pollution is more serious.Although fine particle is the less component of content in earth atmosphere, it has important impact to air quality and visibility etc.Compare with thicker Atmospheric particulates, fine particle particle diameter is little, is rich in a large amount of poisonous and harmful substances, and atmospheric residence time is long, and fed distance is far away, thereby larger to health and Atomspheric Environmental.Particle diameter is less, and the position that enters respiratory tract is darker, and the particle of 10 micron diameters is deposited on the upper respiratory tract conventionally, and 2 microns of following particles can be deep into bronchiole and alveolar.Fine particle enters human body after alveolar, directly affects the ventilatory function of lung, makes body easily be in anaerobic condition, can cause cardiovascular disease, breathing problem and lung cancer.
Along with the growing interest of people to PM2.5, the research of air filting material also causes people's attention day by day.Melt-blowing nonwoven (nonwoven fabric) is that more general a kind of material is used in air filtration, and still, traditional meltblown nonwoven fibre diameter is thicker, and filter efficiency is low, and resistance is large, cannot meet the filtration requirement to PM2.5.
Summary of the invention
The meltblown nonwoven that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5, solves the problem that existing meltblown nonwoven cannot meet instructions for use.
Second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5.
The 3rd object of the present invention is to provide the process units of the meltblown nonwoven of a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5.
In order to realize above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the meltblown nonwoven of a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5, the component that comprises following percentage by weight: 93～97 parts of polypropylene, 3～6 parts of electret master batches, 0.1～1 part of Kynoar.
A preparation method for the meltblown nonwoven of above-mentioned high efficiency filter PM2.5, comprises the following steps:
1) get polypropylene, electret master batch, Kynoar and mix, obtain compound;
2) step 1) gained compound is melt extruded to formation melt through screw extruder, described melt is constant temperature insulation in pipeline, after measuring pump metering, by spinnerets, is sprayed and is formed fiber, and described fiber, through hot blast drawing-off, forms fusion spray cloth on lace curtaining;
3) by step 2) gained fusion spray cloth carries out that infra-red radiation heat treatment, high pressure electret are processed, circulating cooling is processed successively, and rolling, obtains.
The heating-up temperature of screw extruder step 2) is 160～250 ℃.
Step 2) melt described in is 225～250 ℃ in ducted holding temperature.
The aperture of spinnerets step 2) is 200～300 μ m.
The temperature of hot blast step 2) is 230～245 ℃, and pressure is 0.07～0.09MPa.
The temperature of the heat treatment of infra-red radiation described in step 3) is 70～110 ℃.
The pressure that the electret of high pressure described in step 3) is processed is 60,000 volts.
The temperature that circulating cooling described in step 3) is processed is 4 ℃.
The process units of the meltblown nonwoven of a kind of high efficiency filter PM2.5, comprise screw extruder, filter, measuring pump, die system, lapper and up-coiler, described screw extruder is connected with filter by the first melt pipe, described filter is connected with measuring pump by the second melt pipe, and described measuring pump is connected with die system by the 3rd melt pipe; Described lapper has for accepting the spinnerets ejection fiber of die system the lace curtaining of carrying, on described lapper lace curtaining dorsad the one side of die system be provided with induced-draught fan; Described up-coiler is used for the fusion spray cloth rolling from lapper lace curtaining; Also comprise infrared radiation device, electret device and cooling device; Described infrared radiation device is positioned at lace curtaining towards the one side of die system, and along fusion spray cloth moving direction, is positioned at the rear of induced-draught fan; Described electret device, cooling device set gradually between lapper and winder and along fusion spray cloth moving direction.
The meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present invention, adds the electret master batch of doping inorganic nano electret material to nonwoven fabric, by high-pressure electronic line electret, material has high filter effect, low flow resistance and saves the advantages such as the energy; Raw material adds Kynoar in addition, can reduce fibre fineness, improves bulking intensity and the charged storage capacity of nonwoven fabric, makes material have the feature of long-life, high control of dust ability.
The meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present invention, carries out polypropylene and electret master batch, Kynoar composite, and gained meltblown nonwoven has high porosity, fibre diameter and is less than 2 μ m, dust containing capacity is large, filter efficiency is high, resistance is low feature; After electret is processed, electret charge storage performance is good, and electric charge conservation rate can reach more than 2 years, can under hot and humid environment, use; Product is environment friendly and pollution-free, has advantages of that long service life, the scope of application are wide, are especially suitable for removing the PM2.5 in gas.
The preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present invention, adopt polymer melting to extrude rear spray silk, after carry out infra-red radiation, electret and process and cooling technique, the one-shot forming of gained meltblown nonwoven, there is filtration efficiency and lower resistance, and electret electric charge conservation rate can reach more than 2 years; Simultaneously this technique adopts electret after infrared radiation heating in flow process, further improves electret effect, and cooling rolling after electret, reduces the deformability of nonwoven fabric, and in controlling, external resistance is stable; Technique is simple, easy to operate, is applicable to large-scale industrial production.
The process units of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present invention, on the basis of original device, infrared radiation device, electret device and cooling device have been increased, meltblown nonwoven for the production of high efficiency filter PM2.5, realize continuous production and the one-shot forming of meltblown nonwoven, simple to operate, be easy to automation and control, be applicable to applying.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the meltblown nonwoven of embodiment 1 gained high efficiency filter PM2.5;
Fig. 2 is the process units structural representation of meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the meltblown nonwoven of embodiment 2 gained high efficiency filter PM2.5;
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the meltblown nonwoven of embodiment 3 gained high efficiency filter PM2.5.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment, the component that comprises following percentage by weight: 96 parts of polypropylene, 3.8 parts of electret master batches, 0.2 part of Kynoar.
The preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) get polypropylene, electret master batch, Kynoar and mix, obtain compound;
2) by the feed bin of step 1) gained compound feeding screw extruder, through screw extruder, melt extrude formation melt, five heating region temperature of described screw extruder are set as respectively 160 ℃, 180 ℃, 200 ℃, 220 ℃, 225 ℃;
3) described melt 225 ℃ of constant temperature insulation in pipeline spray formation fiber by spinnerets after measuring pump metering, and described fiber, through 230 ℃, the hot blast drawing-off of 0.07MPa constant temperature and pressure, forms fusion spray cloth on lace curtaining;
4) step 3) gained fusion spray cloth is carried out successively to the infra-red radiation heat treatment of 70 ℃ of constant temperature, 60,000 volts of high pressure electrets are processed, then carry out after circulating cooling processing at 4 ℃ of temperature, rolling, obtains the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5.
Meltblown nonwoven to the present embodiment gained high efficiency filter PM2.5 is made scanning electron microscope analysis, and result as shown in Figure 1.
The process units of the meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, comprise screw extruder 2, filter 3, measuring pump 4, die system 5, lapper 8 and up-coiler 13, described screw extruder 1 is provided with feed bin 1, screw extruder 2 is connected with filter 3 by the first melt pipe, described filter 3 is connected with measuring pump 4 by the second melt pipe, and described measuring pump 4 is connected with the spinnerets in die system 5 by the 3rd melt pipe; The spinneret orifice surrounding of described spinnerets is equipped with hot-air mouth, and described hot-air mouth is communicated with hot air generator through hot-air channel 6; Described lapper 8 has the lace curtaining 7 for accepting spinnerets in die system 5 ejection fiber and carrying, on described lapper 8 lace curtaining 7 dorsad the one side of die system 5 be provided with induced-draught fan 9; Described up-coiler 13 is for by the fusion spray cloth rolling from lapper lace curtaining 7; Also comprise infrared radiation device 10, electret device 11 and cooling device 12; Described infrared radiation device 10 is positioned at lace curtaining 7 towards the one side of die system 5, and along fusion spray cloth moving direction, is positioned at the rear of induced-draught fan 9; Described electret device 11, cooling device 12 set gradually between lapper 8 and winder 13 and along fusion spray cloth moving direction.
During use, compound enters screw extruder through feed bin, the melt melt extruding through screw extruder is removed impurity through filter, after measuring pump accurate measurement, spinnerets ejection in die system, by the hot-air flow drawing-off of constant temperature and pressure and the air draught effect of induced-draught fan, on the lace curtaining of lapper, form fusion spray cloth, fusion spray cloth on lace curtaining is delivered to infrared radiation device place, after the infrared radiation heating of steady temperature, fusion spray cloth departs from from lace curtaining, enter electret device after high pressure electret is processed, enter again cooling device and carry out circulating cooling processing, by up-coiler rolling, obtain.
Embodiment 2
The meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment, the component that comprises following percentage by weight: 95 parts of polypropylene, 4.8 parts of electret master batches, 0.2 part of Kynoar.
The preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) get polypropylene, electret master batch, Kynoar and mix, obtain compound;
2) by the feed bin of step 1) gained compound feeding screw extruder, through screw extruder, melt extrude formation melt, five heating region temperature of described screw extruder are set as respectively 160 ℃, 180 ℃, 200 ℃, 220 ℃, 235 ℃;
3) described melt 235 ℃ of constant temperature insulation in pipeline spray formation fiber by spinnerets after measuring pump metering, and described fiber, through 240 ℃, the hot blast drawing-off of 0.08MPa constant temperature and pressure, forms fusion spray cloth on lace curtaining;
4) step 3) gained fusion spray cloth is carried out successively to the infra-red radiation heat treatment of 90 ℃ of constant temperature, 60,000 volts of high pressure electrets are processed, then carry out after circulating cooling processing at 4 ℃ of temperature, rolling, obtains the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5.
Meltblown nonwoven to the present embodiment gained high efficiency filter PM2.5 is made scanning electron microscope analysis, and result as shown in Figure 3.
The process units of the meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment, the component that comprises following percentage by weight: 94 parts of polypropylene, 5.8 parts of electret master batches, 0.2 part of Kynoar.
The preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) get polypropylene, electret master batch, Kynoar and mix, obtain compound;
2) by the feed bin of step 1) gained compound feeding screw extruder, through screw extruder, melt extrude formation melt, five heating region temperature of described screw extruder are set as respectively 160 ℃, 180 ℃, 210 ℃, 230 ℃, 245 ℃;
3) described melt 245 ℃ of constant temperature insulation in pipeline spray formation fiber by spinnerets after measuring pump metering, and described fiber, through 245 ℃, the hot blast drawing-off of 0.09MPa constant temperature and pressure, forms fusion spray cloth on lace curtaining;
4) step 3) gained fusion spray cloth is carried out successively to the infra-red radiation heat treatment of 110 ℃ of constant temperature, 60,000 volts of high pressure electrets are processed, then carry out after circulating cooling processing at 4 ℃ of temperature, rolling, obtains the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5.
Meltblown nonwoven to the present embodiment gained high efficiency filter PM2.5 is made scanning electron microscope analysis, and result as shown in Figure 4.
The process units of the meltblown nonwoven of the high efficiency filter PM2.5 of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1.
Experimental example
This experimental example is tested the meltblown nonwoven of embodiment 1～3 gained high efficiency filter PM2.5 by the automatic filtrate tester of TSI8130, result is as shown in table 1.
The meltblown nonwoven test result of table 1 embodiment 1～3 gained high efficiency filter PM2.5
| Project | Filter efficiency/% | Resistance/pa |
| Embodiment 1 | 91.50 | 69 |
| Embodiment 2 | 97.10 | 80 |
| Embodiment 3 | 97.50 | 105 |
Note: medium adopts the NaCl particle of quantity median particle diameter 0.075 ± 0.02 μ m, test traffic 85L/min.
As can be seen from Table 1, the meltblown nonwoven of embodiment 1～3 gained high efficiency filter PM2.5 has advantages of filtration efficiency and lower resistance.
Claims (10)
1. a meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5, is characterized in that: the component that comprises following percentage by weight: 93～97 parts of polypropylene, 3～6 parts of electret master batches, 0.1～1 part of Kynoar.
2. a preparation method for the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) get polypropylene, electret master batch, Kynoar and mix, obtain compound;
2) step 1) gained compound is melt extruded to formation melt through screw extruder, described melt is constant temperature insulation in pipeline, after measuring pump metering, by spinnerets, is sprayed and is formed fiber, and described fiber, through hot blast drawing-off, forms fusion spray cloth on lace curtaining;
3) by step 2) gained fusion spray cloth carries out that infra-red radiation heat treatment, high pressure electret are processed, circulating cooling is processed successively, and rolling, obtains.
3. the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 according to claim 2, is characterized in that: step 2) in, the heating-up temperature of described screw extruder is 160～250 ℃.
4. the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 according to claim 2, is characterized in that: step 2) in, described melt is 225～250 ℃ in ducted holding temperature.
5. the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 according to claim 2, is characterized in that: step 2) described in the aperture of spinnerets be 200～300 μ m.
6. the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 according to claim 2, is characterized in that: step 2) described in the temperature of hot blast be 230～245 ℃, pressure is 0.07～0.09MPa.
7. the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the temperature of the heat treatment of infra-red radiation described in step 3) is 70～110 ℃.
8. the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the pressure that the electret of high pressure described in step 3) is processed is 60,000 volts.
9. the preparation method of the meltblown nonwoven of high efficiency filter PM2.5 according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the temperature that circulating cooling described in step 3) is processed is 4 ℃.
10. the process units of the meltblown nonwoven of a high efficiency filter PM2.5, it is characterized in that: comprise screw extruder, filter, measuring pump, die system, lapper and up-coiler, described screw extruder is connected with filter by the first melt pipe, described filter is connected with measuring pump by the second melt pipe, and described measuring pump is connected with die system by the 3rd melt pipe; Described lapper has for accepting the spinnerets ejection fiber of die system the lace curtaining of carrying, on described lapper lace curtaining dorsad the one side of die system be provided with induced-draught fan; Described up-coiler is used for the fusion spray cloth rolling from lapper lace curtaining; Also comprise infrared radiation device, electret device and cooling device; Described infrared radiation device is positioned at lace curtaining towards the one side of die system, and along fusion spray cloth moving direction, is positioned at the rear of induced-draught fan; Described electret device, cooling device set gradually between lapper and winder and along fusion spray cloth moving direction.
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