CN104157234A - Circuit and method for driving pixel unit, and display device - Google Patents
Circuit and method for driving pixel unit, and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104157234A CN104157234A CN201410022382.8A CN201410022382A CN104157234A CN 104157234 A CN104157234 A CN 104157234A CN 201410022382 A CN201410022382 A CN 201410022382A CN 104157234 A CN104157234 A CN 104157234A
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Abstract
The invention provides a circuit and method for driving a pixel unit, and a display device. The circuit for driving the pixel unit includes a drive transistor, a storage capacitor, a light emitting element, a compensation control unit and a drive control unit. A gate of the drive transistor is connected to a first end of the storage capacitor, and a first electrode of the drive transistor is connected to the light emitting element; the compensation control unit controls the first end of the storage capacitor to start discharging in a compensation stage until the potential of the first end is the threshold voltage of the drive transistor; and the drive control unit controls the potential of a second end of the storage capacitor to maintain unchanged in the compensation stage, and controls the drive transistor to be conducted in a light emitting stage to drive the light emitting element to emit light and enable the gate voltage of the drive transistor to compensate the threshold voltage of the drive transistor. According to the invention, the effects brought by the threshold voltage of the drive transistor can be eliminated, the uniformity of the image display is ensured, and the service life of an OLED is extended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pixel driver technical field, relate in particular to a kind of pixel unit drive circuit and method, display device.
Background technology
Active organic LED panel (AMOLED, Active Organic Light Emitting Diode) be one of focus of current flat-panel monitor research field, compared with liquid crystal display, OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode, Organic Light Emitting Diode) there is low energy consumption, production cost is low, autoluminescence, the advantages such as wide visual angle and fast response time, at present, at mobile phone, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant), the demonstration fields such as digital camera, OLED has started to replace traditional LCD(Liquid Crystal Display, liquid crystal display).Pixel-driving circuit design is AMOLED display core technology content, has important Research Significance.
From TFT-LCD(Thin-film transistor type LCD) utilize stable Control of Voltage brightness different, OLED belongs to current drives, needs stable electric current to control luminous.Due to the reason such as manufacturing process and device aging, in the driving circuit of the most original 2T1C, there is unevenness in the threshold voltage of the drive TFT of each pixel, change and make display brightness inequality with regard to having caused flowing through the electric current of each pixel OLED like this, thereby affect the display effect of whole image.
As shown in Figure 1, existing AMLOED pixel unit drive circuit comprises switching TFT (Thin Film Transistor, Thin Film Transistor (TFT)) T1, label is drive TFT and the memory capacitance Cs composition of T2, in the time of scanning line selection a line, the scanning voltage Vscan of sweep trace output is low, T1 conducting, the data voltage Vdata of data line output writes memory capacitance Cs, after this line scanning finishes, Vscan uprises, T1 turn-offs, the grid voltage being stored on Cs drives T2, make its generation current carry out driving OLED, ensure that OLED continues in a frame luminous, the saturation current that flows through OLED is K (VGS-Vth) 2, wherein, VGS is the gate source voltage of T2, Vth is the threshold voltage of T2, K is current coefficient.As noted earlier, due to the reason such as manufacturing process and device aging, the threshold voltage (Vth) of the drive TFT of each pixel can drift, and the electric current that has so just caused flowing through each pixel OLED changes because of the variation of Vth, thereby affects the display effect of whole image.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of pixel unit drive circuit and method, display device, and the threshold voltage vt h that can eliminate driving transistors changes the impact bringing, and ensures the homogeneity that image shows, and the serviceable life of improving OLED.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of pixel unit drive circuit, comprise driving transistors, memory capacitance and light-emitting component, described pixel unit drive circuit also comprises compensation control module and driving control unit, wherein,
The grid of described driving transistors is connected with the first end of described memory capacitance, and first utmost point of described driving transistors is connected with light-emitting component;
Described compensation control module, be connected with the second end, data line, the first sweep trace and the first level end of the first end of second utmost point of first utmost point of the grid of described driving transistors, described driving transistors, described driving transistors, described memory capacitance, described memory capacitance respectively, for starting electric discharge at the first end of memory capacitance described in compensated stage control until the threshold voltage that the current potential of this first end is described driving transistors;
Described driving control unit, be connected with the second end, second electrical level end and second sweep trace of second utmost point of described driving transistors, described memory capacitance respectively, current potential for the second end in memory capacitance described in compensated stage control remains unchanged, and in driving transistors conducting described in glow phase control, driving light-emitting component is luminous, and makes the gate source voltage of described driving transistors compensate the threshold voltage of described driving transistors.
When enforcement, described compensation control module comprises the first transistor, transistor seconds and the 3rd transistor;
Described the first transistor, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with the grid of described driving transistors, and second utmost point is connected with second utmost point of described driving transistors;
Described transistor seconds, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with described data line, and second utmost point is connected with the second end of described memory capacitance;
Described the 3rd transistor, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with described the first level end, and second utmost point is connected with first utmost point of described driving transistors.
When enforcement, described driving control unit comprises the 4th transistor and the 5th transistor, wherein,
Described the 4th transistor, grid is connected with described the second sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with second utmost point of described driving transistors, and second utmost point is connected with described second electrical level end;
Described the 5th transistor, grid is connected with described the second sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with the second end of described memory capacitance, and second utmost point is connected with described second electrical level end.
The present invention also provides a kind of pixel cell driving method, is applied to above-mentioned pixel unit drive circuit, comprising:
Replacement step: described in driving control unit control, second utmost point of driving transistors is connected with second electrical level end and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with described second electrical level end; Described in compensation control module control, first utmost point of driving transistors and the first level end of driving power are connected, and control that the grid of described driving transistors and second utmost point of described driving transistors are connected and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with data line;
Compensation process: driving control unit control disconnects second utmost point of driving transistors and being connected of second electrical level end, and control disconnection the second end of memory capacitance and being connected of described second electrical level end, remain unchanged with the current potential of the second end of controlling described memory capacitance; Described in compensation control module control control, the first end of memory capacitance starts electric discharge until the threshold voltage that the current potential of this first end is driving transistors;
Luminous step: described in described driving control unit control, second utmost point of driving transistors is connected with described second electrical level end and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with described second electrical level end, to control described driving transistors conducting, and make the gate source voltage of described driving transistors compensate the threshold voltage of described driving transistors.
When enforcement, pixel cell driving method of the present invention also comprises between described compensation process and described luminous step:
Buffer step: described driving control unit control disconnects being connected between the second end of described memory capacitance and second electrical level end; Described in the control of described compensation control module, the current potential of the first end of memory capacitance is constant, and controls disconnection the second end of described memory capacitance and being connected of described data line.
The present invention also provides a kind of display device, comprises multiple above-mentioned pixel unit drive circuits.
Compared with prior art, the threshold voltage vt h that the present invention adopts compensation way to eliminate driving transistors changes the impact bringing, ensure the homogeneity that image shows, ensured at compensated stage no current by light-emitting component, the serviceable life of having improved light-emitting component simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of existing AMLOED pixel unit drive circuit;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the pixel unit drive circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the pixel unit drive circuit described in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 A is pixel unit drive circuit described in this embodiment of the invention signal timing diagram at each working stage;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the pixel cell driving method described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The transistor adopting in all embodiment of the present invention can be all thin film transistor (TFT) or field effect transistor or the identical device of other characteristics.In embodiments of the present invention, for distinguishing transistor the two poles of the earth except grid, wherein a utmost point is called source electrode, and another utmost point is called drain electrode.In addition, distinguish and transistor can be divided into N-type transistor or P transistor npn npn according to transistorized characteristic.In the driving circuit providing in the embodiment of the present invention; all crystals Guan Jun is the explanation of carrying out as an example of N-type transistor example; what can expect is that those skilled in the art can expect easily not making under creative work prerequisite in the time adopting P transistor npn npn to realize, therefore also in embodiments of the invention protection domain.
In the driving circuit providing in the embodiment of the present invention, all crystals Guan Jun is the explanation of carrying out as an example of N-type transistor example, wherein, N-type transistorized first can be extremely source electrode, N-type transistorized second can be extremely drain electrode, the first level end output low level VSS, second electrical level end output high level Vdd.What can expect is that those skilled in the art can expect easily not making under creative work prerequisite in the time adopting P transistor npn npn to realize, therefore also in embodiments of the invention protection domain.In the time that all crystals Guan Jun is P transistor npn npn, first of P transistor npn npn can be extremely drain electrode, and second of P transistor npn npn can be extremely source electrode, the first level end output high level Vdd, second electrical level end output low level VSS.
As shown in Figure 2, the pixel unit drive circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, comprises driving transistors DTFT, memory capacitance Cs and light-emitting component;
Described light-emitting component is OLED, and the grid of described driving transistors DTFT is connected with the first end A of described memory capacitance Cs, first utmost point of described driving transistors DTFT and the anodic bonding of described OLED;
Pixel unit drive circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention also comprises compensation control module 21 and driving control unit 22, wherein,
Described compensation control module 21, be connected with the second end B, data line, the first sweep trace Scan1 and the first level end of first utmost point of the grid of described driving transistors DTFT, described driving transistors DTFT, second utmost point of described driving transistors DTFT, the first end A of described memory capacitance Cs, described memory capacitance Cs respectively, for starting electric discharge at the first end A of memory capacitance described in compensated stage control until the current potential of this first end A is the threshold voltage vt h of described driving transistors DTFT;
Described driving control unit 22, be connected with the second end B, second electrical level end and the second sweep trace Scan2 of second utmost point of described driving transistors DTFT, described memory capacitance Cs respectively, current potential for the second end B at memory capacitance Cs described in compensated stage control remains unchanged, and in driving transistors DTFT conducting described in glow phase control, and make the gate source voltage of described driving transistors DTFT compensate the threshold voltage vt h of described driving transistors DTFT;
Described data line output data voltage Vdata, described second electrical level end output high level Vdd, described the first level end output low level VSS.
The threshold voltage vt h that pixel unit drive circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention adopts compensation way to eliminate driving transistors changes the impact bringing, ensure the homogeneity that image shows, ensured at compensated stage no current by OLED, the serviceable life of having improved OLED simultaneously.
In the specific implementation, described driving control unit 22, is also connected with second electrical level end for second utmost point at driving transistors DTFT described in reset phase control and the second end B of controlling described memory capacitance Cs is connected with described second electrical level end;
Described compensation control module 21, also be connected with the first level end for first utmost point at driving transistors DTFT described in reset phase control, control that the grid of described driving transistors DTFT and second utmost point of described driving transistors DTFT are connected and the second end B of controlling described memory capacitance Cs is connected with described data line;
By the control of described compensation control module 21 and described driving control unit 22, at reset phase, the current potential of the first end A of described memory capacitance Cs is Vdd, and the current potential of the second end B of described memory capacitance Cs is Vdd+Vdata.
In the specific implementation, described driving control unit 22, also for disconnecting being connected between the second end B of described memory capacitance Cs and second electrical level end in buffer stage control;
Described compensation control module 21, also constant for the current potential of the first end A at memory capacitance Cs described in buffer stage control, and control disconnection the second end B of described memory capacitance Cs and being connected of described data line;
At buffer stage, described compensation control module 21 and described driving control unit 22 are controlled and are made the potential difference (PD) of the first end A of described memory capacitance Cs and the second end B of described memory capacitance Cs constant, are maintained Vdd+Vdata-Vth;
The threshold voltage vt h that pixel unit drive circuit described in this embodiment of the invention adopts compensation way to eliminate driving transistors changes the impact bringing, ensure the homogeneity that image shows, ensured to pass through OLED, the serviceable life of having improved OLED at compensated stage and buffer stage no current simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, in the pixel unit drive circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention,
Described compensation control module comprises the first transistor T1, transistor seconds T2 and the 3rd transistor T 3;
Described the first transistor T1, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace Scan1, and first utmost point is connected with the grid of described driving transistors DTFT, and second utmost point is connected with second utmost point of described driving transistors DTFT;
Described transistor seconds T2, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace Scan1, and first utmost point is connected with described data line, and second utmost point is connected with the second end B of described memory capacitance Cs;
Described the 3rd transistor T 3, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace Scan1, and first utmost point is connected with the first level end, and second utmost point is connected with first utmost point of described driving transistors DTFT.
As shown in Figure 3, in the pixel unit drive circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention,
Described driving control unit comprises the 4th transistor T 4 and the 5th transistor T 5, wherein,
Described the 4th transistor T 4, grid is connected with described the second sweep trace Scan2, and first utmost point is connected with second utmost point of described driving transistors DTFT, and second utmost point is connected with described second electrical level end;
Described the 5th transistor T 5, grid is connected with described the second sweep trace Scan2, and first utmost point is connected with the second end B of described memory capacitance Cs, and second utmost point is connected with described second electrical level end.
As shown in Figure 3A, when pixel unit drive circuit work described in this embodiment of the invention, at reset phase 1, Scan1 exports high level, and Scan2 exports high level, all conductings of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, Cs starts to be charged, and A point potential rise is to Vdd, and B point potential rise is to Vdd;
As shown in Figure 3A, at compensated stage 2, Scan1 exports high level, Scan2 output low level, and T2, T3, T4 conducting, T1, T5 disconnect, and Cs starts electric discharge, until A point current potential is Vth, B point current potential is Vdata;
As shown in Figure 3A, at buffer stage 3, Scan1 output low level, Scan2 output low level, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 disconnect, and this process time is relatively long, are mainly to play the effect of stablizing the pressure reduction Vth-Vdata between A point and B point after discharging fully;
As shown in Figure 3A, in glow phase 4, Scan1 output low level, Scan2 exports high level, T1, T5 conducting, T2, T3, T4 disconnect, B point current potential V
bbecome Vdd from Vdata, due to A end suspension joint, V
aand V
b(keep original pressure reduction, pressure reduction is originally Vth-Vdata, so the current potential V that A is ordered to realize the saltus step of voltage equivalent
a=Vdd+Vth-Vdata, this process is transient process, isobaric saltus step moment carries out complete, meanwhile enters glow phase;
Can be obtained by TFT saturation current formula: the electric current I that flows through OLED
oLED=K (VGS-Vth) 2=K[Vdd+Vth – Vdata-Voled-Vth]=K[Vdd – Vdata-Voled], wherein, Voled is the anode potential of OLED.
As shown in Figure 4, the pixel cell driving method described in the embodiment of the present invention, is applied to above-mentioned pixel unit drive circuit, comprising:
Replacement step 41: described in driving control unit control, second utmost point of driving transistors is connected with second electrical level end and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with described second electrical level end; Described in compensation control module control, first utmost point of driving transistors is connected with the first level end, controls that the grid of described driving transistors and second utmost point of described driving transistors are connected and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with data line;
Compensation process 42: driving control unit control disconnects second utmost point of driving transistors and being connected of second electrical level end, and control and disconnect the second end of memory capacitance and being connected of described second electrical level end, remain unchanged with the current potential of the second end of controlling described memory capacitance; Described in compensation control module control control, the first end of memory capacitance starts electric discharge until the threshold voltage that the current potential of this first end is driving transistors;
Luminous step 43: described in described driving control unit control, second utmost point of driving transistors is connected with described second electrical level end and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with described second electrical level end, to control described driving transistors conducting, and make the gate source voltage of described driving transistors compensate the threshold voltage of described driving transistors.
When enforcement, between described compensation process and described luminous step, also comprise:
Buffer step: described driving control unit control disconnects being connected between the second end of described memory capacitance and second electrical level end; Described in the control of described compensation control module, the current potential of the first end of memory capacitance is constant, and controls disconnection the second end of described memory capacitance and being connected of described data line.
Display device described in the embodiment of the present invention, comprises above-mentioned pixel unit drive circuit.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step that realizes said method embodiment can complete by the relevant hardware of programmed instruction, aforesaid program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, this program, in the time carrying out, is carried out the step that comprises said method embodiment; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: various media that can be program code stored such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CDs.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a pixel unit drive circuit, comprises driving transistors, memory capacitance and light-emitting component, it is characterized in that, described pixel unit drive circuit also comprises compensation control module and driving control unit, wherein,
The grid of described driving transistors is connected with the first end of described memory capacitance, and first utmost point of described driving transistors is connected with light-emitting component;
Described compensation control module, be connected with the second end, data line, the first sweep trace and the first level end of the first end of second utmost point of first utmost point of the grid of described driving transistors, described driving transistors, described driving transistors, described memory capacitance, described memory capacitance respectively, for starting electric discharge at the first end of memory capacitance described in compensated stage control until the threshold voltage that the current potential of this first end is described driving transistors;
Described driving control unit, be connected with the second end, second electrical level end and second sweep trace of second utmost point of described driving transistors, described memory capacitance respectively, current potential for the second end in memory capacitance described in compensated stage control remains unchanged, and in driving transistors conducting described in glow phase control, driving light-emitting component is luminous, and makes the gate source voltage of described driving transistors compensate the threshold voltage of described driving transistors.
2. pixel unit drive circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described compensation control module comprises the first transistor, transistor seconds and the 3rd transistor;
Described the first transistor, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with the grid of described driving transistors, and second utmost point is connected with second utmost point of described driving transistors;
Described transistor seconds, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with described data line, and second utmost point is connected with the second end of described memory capacitance;
Described the 3rd transistor, grid is connected with described the first sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with described the first level end, and second utmost point is connected with first utmost point of described driving transistors.
3. pixel unit drive circuit as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described driving control unit comprises the 4th transistor and the 5th transistor, wherein,
Described the 4th transistor, grid is connected with described the second sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with second utmost point of described driving transistors, and second utmost point is connected with described second electrical level end;
Described the 5th transistor, grid is connected with described the second sweep trace, and first utmost point is connected with the second end of described memory capacitance, and second utmost point is connected with described second electrical level end.
4. a pixel cell driving method, is applied to pixel unit drive circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Replacement step: described in driving control unit control, second utmost point of driving transistors is connected with second electrical level end and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with described second electrical level end; Described in compensation control module control, first utmost point of driving transistors and the first level end of driving power are connected, and control that the grid of described driving transistors and second utmost point of described driving transistors are connected and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with data line;
Compensation process: driving control unit control disconnects second utmost point of driving transistors and being connected of second electrical level end, and control disconnection the second end of memory capacitance and being connected of described second electrical level end, remain unchanged with the current potential of the second end of controlling described memory capacitance; Described in compensation control module control control, the first end of memory capacitance starts electric discharge until the threshold voltage that the current potential of this first end is driving transistors;
Luminous step: described in described driving control unit control, second utmost point of driving transistors is connected with described second electrical level end and the second end of controlling described memory capacitance is connected with described second electrical level end, to control described driving transistors conducting, and make the gate source voltage of described driving transistors compensate the threshold voltage of described driving transistors.
5. pixel cell driving method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, between described compensation process and described luminous step, also comprises:
Buffer step: described driving control unit control disconnects being connected between the second end of described memory capacitance and second electrical level end; Described in the control of described compensation control module, the current potential of the first end of memory capacitance is constant, and controls disconnection the second end of described memory capacitance and being connected of described data line.
6. a display device, is characterized in that, comprises the pixel unit drive circuit as described in as arbitrary in claims 1 to 3.
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