CN104155000B - A kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging - Google Patents
A kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155000B CN104155000B CN201410415614.6A CN201410415614A CN104155000B CN 104155000 B CN104155000 B CN 104155000B CN 201410415614 A CN201410415614 A CN 201410415614A CN 104155000 B CN104155000 B CN 104155000B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging, comprising: the preposition imaging system, linear gradient optical filter, Offner relay imaging system and the detector that set gradually; Described preposition imaging system realizes the function to target imaging, described linear gradient optical filter is placed in image planes of described preposition imaging system, realize the spectrum of extraterrestrial target is cut apart, an image planes re-imaging after described Offner relay imaging system is cut apart spectrum is on detector, and described detector obtains and digital-information recording by photoelectric effect; Wherein, the distance between described linear gradient optical filter and described preposition imaging system and Offner relay imaging system is not less than predetermined value. By adopting multi-spectral imager disclosed by the invention, can eliminate the impact of Spectra aliasing on spectral resolution completely, avoid the formation of ghost image simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical spectrum imagers technical field, relate in particular to a kind of linear gradient optical filter type based on secondary imaging manyOptical spectrum imagers.
Background technology
Light spectrum image-forming technology, because can obtain spatial image and the spectral information of target simultaneously, is widely used in resource and surveysThe various fields such as spy, environment and disaster monitoring, criminal material evidence qualification. According to the difference of light splitting mode, light spectrum image-forming technologyCan be divided into prismatic decomposition type, optical filter light splitting type, grating beam splitting type and interfere type. Prism becomes with grating dispersion type spectrumThere is morning in picture instrument, technology is also ripe, and most optical spectrum imagers all adopt this type of light splitting technology. Interfere typeLight spectrum image-forming Detection Techniques are in light path, to have added interferometer, as Michelson's interferometer or Sagnac (Sagnac)Interferometer, calculates spectral information by the Fourier transform relation between sampled result and spectral characteristic of interfering. Prism, lightGrid color dispersion-type light spectrum image-forming is surveyed and the light-splitting device of interference type spectral imaging detection system has taken system sky greatlyBetween, cannot accomplish lightweight and miniaturization, the existence of large volume dispersion element simultaneously has also reduced the stability of system. AndThe spectrum investigating system of optical filter light splitting type can overcome the shortcoming of above three kinds of light spectrum image-forming detection systems well.
To use optical bandpass filter by a narrow wave band from scene spectrum taking optical filter as basic optical spectrum imagersBe transmitted on single detector or whole focus planardetector array. This optical spectrum imagers is simple in structure, realizes and holdingEasily. In the optical spectrum imagers of the type, beam splitter mainly contains rotating filtering sheet wheel, liquid crystal tunable optical filter and gradual change filterMating plate etc. 1) need when the work of rotating filtering sheet wheel to rotate, could obtain complete to the same target several times of need to taking picturesData cube; 2) liquid crystal tunable optical filter is to utilize the tuning logical light dominant wavelength of liquid crystal cells, then passes through same targetCarrying out several times takes pictures and realizes the acquisition of Full cube body. But, when above-mentioned two kinds of light spectrum image-forming detecting strategies belong toBetween modulation type detecting strategy, obtain complete spectral information by the repeatedly imaging to same target, be not therefore suitable for orderMark information change is surveyed occasion faster.
Adopt linear gradient optical filter to belong to space-time unite modulation type scheme as the light spectrum image-forming Detection Techniques of light-splitting device,This light spectrum image-forming Detection Techniques are suitable for and the airborne field such as platform, the detection of streamline product quality of putting down that pushes away.
Current existing linear gradient optical filter optical spectrum imagers is all to adopt optical filter and the direct-coupled mode of detectorRealize the process of light splitting and detection. But its weak point is, the distance between optical filter and detector is divided spectrumThe rate of distinguishing has a great impact, and Spectra aliasing phenomenon is very serious; In addition, light easily produces between optical filter and detectorRaw interference, also can cause the generation of ghost image simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging, can be completeEliminate the impact of Spectra aliasing on spectral resolution, avoid the formation of ghost image simultaneously.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging, comprising:
The preposition imaging system, linear gradient optical filter, Offner relay imaging system and the detector that set gradually;
Described preposition imaging system realizes the function to target imaging, and described linear gradient optical filter is placed in described preposition imagingIn image planes of system, realize the spectrum of extraterrestrial target is cut apart, after described Offner relay imaging system is cut apart spectrumAn image planes re-imaging on detector, described detector obtains and digital-information recording by photoelectric effect;
Wherein, the distance between described linear gradient optical filter and described preposition imaging system and Offner relay imaging system is notBe less than predetermined value.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, by by one of linear gradient optical filter and preposition imaging systemInferior image planes overlap, and image planes are imaged onto the target position of detector by recycling Offner relay imaging system, thereby canEliminate the impact of Spectra aliasing on spectral resolution completely, avoid the formation of ghost image simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below by required use during embodiment is describedAccompanying drawing is briefly described, and apparently, the accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, forThose of ordinary skill in the art, is not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawingsOther accompanying drawings.
The light of a kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionLine is propagated schematic diagram;
The principle schematic of the preposition imaging system that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The panchromatic point range figure of the preposition imaging system that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The panchromatic MTF curve map of preposition imaging system that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
The principle schematic of the Offner relay imaging system that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The panchromatic point range figure of the Offner relay imaging system that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The panchromatic MTF curve map of the Offner relay imaging system that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 provides the each of a kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging for the embodiment of the present inventionWavelength point range figure;
Fig. 9 for a kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging that the embodiment of the present invention provides eachWavelength MTF curve map.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly and completelyDescribe, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment. Based onEmbodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making obtain under creative work prerequisite every otherEmbodiment, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention adopts linear variable optical filter, in substrate of glass, plates linear gradient filter coating, is positioned over oneInferior image planes place, recycling Offner relay system is imaged onto image planes the target position of planar array detector, detector everyA line is surveyed pixel and is received the energy that sees through the long corresponding band of filter with optical filter, and whole planar array detector correspondence is someBand, takes pictures at every turn and obtains the two-dimensional space information of a certain regional aim and the spectral information of a certain specific light bands of a spectrum. LogicalCross aircraft platform flight realization and sweep pushing away of space dimension, be equivalent to push away and sweep in spectrum dimension, thereby obtain the complete of targetData cube. Its basic Offner relay system is concentric as a unit magnifying power being made up of spherical reflector completelyOptical system, has good aberration correcting capability, can realize larger slit lines visual field, has simple in structure tight simultaneouslyGather, optics processes relatively easy feature. While is with respect to the relay imaging objective system of transmission-type, Offner total systemOptical element is few, and capacity usage ratio improves greatly.
Embodiment
The knot of a kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionStructure schematic diagram. As shown in Figure 1, this multi-spectral imager mainly comprises:
The preposition imaging system, linear gradient optical filter, Offner relay imaging system and the detector that set gradually;
Described preposition imaging system realizes the function to target imaging, and described linear gradient optical filter is placed in described preposition imagingIn image planes of system, realize the spectrum of extraterrestrial target is cut apart, after described Offner relay imaging system is cut apart spectrumAn image planes re-imaging on detector, described detector obtains and digital-information recording by photoelectric effect;
Wherein, the distance between described linear gradient optical filter and described preposition imaging system and Offner relay imaging system is notBe less than predetermined value (can set according to actual conditions or experience), to be conducive to eliminate veiling glare and ghost image.
Further, every a line detection pixel of described detector (for example, planar array detector) receives through described linearity graduallyBecome optical filter spectrum and cut apart specific bands of a spectrum energy afterwards, the corresponding extraterrestrial target of whole detector and some spectral band-widths; LogicalCross platform and push away and sweep or the motion of the detection of a target, obtain the Full cube body of scene.
Wherein, in the Reference numeral of Fig. 1,1-4 represents respectively: preposition imaging system, linear gradient optical filter, Offner relayingImaging system and detector.
Exemplary, in the embodiment of the present invention, it can be 620-that the spectrum of described linear gradient optical filter divides optical range1000nm, linear gradient glass of color filter substrate thickness can be 1.1mm, spectrum dimension length can be 13.8mm. FaceArray detector Pixel size can be 5.5 μ m × 5.5 μ m, and nyquist frequency can be 91lp/mm.
The described preposition imaging system angle of visual field can be 15.74 degree, and relative aperture can be 1/4, and focal length can be 50mm,Can adopt modified double gauss structure, this structure is the image space telecentric optical system of a full projection-type, can effectively correctSpherical aberration, astigmatism, aberration etc. are at seven kinds of interior aberrations. The Offner relaying that described Offner relay imaging system is a 1:1Imaging system, as a unit magnifying power concentric optical system being made up of spherical reflector completely, has simple in structureCompact, optics is processed feature relatively easy, automatic calibration aberration. Due to Offner relay imaging system be one non-Axial symmetry system, need to investigate the picture element of multiple linear fields when design; For realizing pupil coupling, this relay system is oneObject space telecentric system, numerical aperture is 0.125.
Specifically, described preposition imaging system and Offner relay imaging system parametric distribution are as shown in table 1:
For the ease of further understanding the present invention, can be referring to accompanying drawing 2-9.
Wherein, the principle schematic that Fig. 2 is described preposition imaging system, is linear gradient optical filter before image planes; Fig. 3 is that this is prepositionThe panchromatic point range figure of imaging system, as shown in Figure 3, known by the calculating of ZEMAX optical design software, hot spot RMS(root mean square) diameter is 1.5um to the maximum, much smaller than detector pixel dimension; Fig. 4 is that this preposition imaging system is panchromaticMTF curve map, as shown in Figure 4, is calculated from ZEMAX optical design software, at nyquist frequency (spatialFrequencyincycles) 91lp/mm place approaches diffraction limit, and image quality is good.
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic of this Offner relay imaging system, and this Offner relay system is by small one and large one two reflectionsMirror composition, the light after linear gradual filter modulation, after the first half reflection of large reflective mirror, incides small reflectorSurface, through little reflecting surface reflection, the latter half of incident large reflective mirror is again imaged on detector target surface after convergingPosition; Fig. 6 is the panchromatic point range figure of this Offner relay imaging system, as shown in Figure 6, and by ZEMAX optical design softwareCalculate knownly, hot spot RMS diameter maximum, less than 3.2um, is less than detector pixel dimension; Fig. 7 is that this Offner relaying becomesThe panchromatic MTF curve map of picture system, as shown in Figure 7, approaches diffraction limit, imaging at nyquist frequency 91lp/mm placeQuality is good.
Fig. 8 provides the each of a kind of linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging for the embodiment of the present inventionWavelength point range figure, four picture groups are corresponding wavelength 620/700/800/1000nm respectively, as shown in Figure 8, is established by ZEMAX opticsMeter software calculates known, and hot spot maximum is positioned at shortwave 620nm place, full visual field, and the hot spot RMS of this place diameter is less than 4um,Be less than detector pixel dimension; A kind of linear gradient optical filter based on secondary imaging that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present inventionThe each wavelength MTF of type multi-spectral imager curve map, four picture groups are corresponding wavelength 620/700/800/1000nm respectively, as Fig. 9Shown in, calculated from ZEMAX optical design software, be that frequency 91lp/mm place of Qwest approaches diffraction limit, becomeImage quality is good, meets instructions for use.
Compared with the scheme of real-time the provided scheme of the present invention and prior art, mainly there is following advantage:
1) light splitting surface of linear gradient optical filter is positioned at an image planes place of preposition telescopic system, can eliminate spectrum completely mixedFolded impact;
2) preposition imaging system forms telecentric beam path in image space, and diaphragm is positioned on lens focal plane, has reduced rearmounted field lens couplingThe series of problems bringing.
3) last piece eyeglass of linear gradient optical filter and preposition imaging system, linear gradient optical filter and linear gradient filterBetween first eyeglass of sheet, leave compared with big-length, be conducive to eliminate veiling glare and ghost image;
4) Offner relay imaging system is a unit magnifying power concentric optical system being made up of spherical reflector completely,Have that the processing of simple and compact for structure, optics is relatively easy, the feature of automatic calibration aberration;
5) Offner relay imaging system is only made up of two reflecting spheres, has improved the capacity usage ratio of system;
6) whole multi-spectral imager has carried out integrated optimal design, has improved the precision in system design process.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the face of linear gradient optical filter being positioned over to an image planes place of preposition imaging system, then profitImage planes are imaged onto to the target position of detector with Offner relay imaging system, thereby can eliminate Spectra aliasing completelyOn the impact of spectral resolution, avoid the formation of ghost image simultaneously.
The above, be only preferably detailed description of the invention of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this,Anyly be familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention the variation that can expect easily or replaceChange, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention. What therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with claimsProtection domain is as the criterion.
Claims (2)
1. the linear gradient optical filter type multi-spectral imager based on secondary imaging, is characterized in that, comprising:
The preposition imaging system, linear gradient optical filter, Offner relay imaging system and the detector that set gradually;
Described preposition imaging system realizes the function to target imaging, and described linear gradient optical filter is placed in described preposition imagingIn image planes of system, realize the spectrum of extraterrestrial target is cut apart, after described Offner relay imaging system is cut apart spectrumAn image planes re-imaging on detector, described detector obtains and digital-information recording by photoelectric effect;
Wherein, the distance between described linear gradient optical filter and described preposition imaging system and Offner relay imaging system is notBe less than predetermined value.
2. multi-spectral imager according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Every a line of described detector is surveyed pixel and is received the specific bands of a spectrum after described linear gradient optical filter spectrum is cut apartEnergy;
By pushing away the motion of putting down platform or the detection of a target, obtain the Full cube body of scene.
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| CN104457708B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-07-14 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of compact multispectral camera |
| CN105974573B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-06-12 | 苏州大学 | Light field spectrum microscopic imaging method and system based on microlens array |
| CN107144359B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2019-03-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | The spectrally resolved Enhancement Method of infrared spectroradio meter, infrared spectroradio meter |
| CN113390507B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-11-04 | 上海新产业光电技术有限公司 | Spectrum information acquisition method and spectrum detection device |
| CN115541013A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-30 | 上海航天空间技术有限公司 | Spaceborne high-resolution carbon monitoring spectrometer |
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| US5880834A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1999-03-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Convex diffraction grating imaging spectrometer |
| EP1504248A1 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2005-02-09 | Applera Corporation | Imaging system for reduction of interstitial image regions and its related method |
| CN2704031Y (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2005-06-08 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Low parasitic light monochromator |
| US7724298B2 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2010-05-25 | Sony Corporation | Image processing system and method for pick up and display of an object including division of an optical image of the object into a spectrum |
| US7944559B2 (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2011-05-17 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Airborne hyperspectral imaging system |
| CN101546030A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-09-30 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Convex grating imaging optical system with variable amplification |
| JP5170582B2 (en) * | 2010-04-05 | 2013-03-27 | 横河電機株式会社 | Spectroscopic analyzer for microscope |
| EP2667151A1 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-27 | Sysmelec SA | Chromatic altimetry converter |
| US8913241B2 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-12-16 | Corning Incorporated | Hyperspectral imaging system and method for imaging a remote object |
| JP6142526B2 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2017-06-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Food analyzer |
| CN103471715B (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-09-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of light path combined type light field spectrum imaging method and device altogether |
| CN103592024A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Double-diffraction-level Offner imaging spectrometer |
| CN103940743A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-23 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Integrated airborne large-visual-field high-spectrum imaging system based on Fery prisms |
| CN103940514B (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-12-02 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of broadband close shot ultraviolet imagery spectral device |
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