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CN104093591A - Method and charging device for protecting charging cable - Google Patents

Method and charging device for protecting charging cable Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104093591A
CN104093591A CN201280068491.2A CN201280068491A CN104093591A CN 104093591 A CN104093591 A CN 104093591A CN 201280068491 A CN201280068491 A CN 201280068491A CN 104093591 A CN104093591 A CN 104093591A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
current
charging
charging cable
protection switch
line protection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201280068491.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
R.盖勒特
T.利德
M.诺勒韦卡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
Publication of CN104093591A publication Critical patent/CN104093591A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for protecting a charging cable (26) in a charging device (1) for charging a traction battery (3) of an electrically-driveable vehicle (5). In said method, the current-carrying capacity of the charging cable (26) is determined and data for protecting a charging cable (26), which has the determined current-carrying capacity, from overloading are read out from a memory (32), said data comprising current values and associated switch-off times. The current intensity of the charging current flowing through the charging cable (26) is measured, with a current value being obtained. If said current value is greater than the determined current-carrying capacity of the charging cable (26), the switch-off time associated with the current value is determined using the read-out data, a time measurement (34) is initiated, and the current flowing through the charging cable is switched off (56) when said switch-off time is reached. The invention also relates to a charging device.

Description

Method and charging unit for the protection of charging cable
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of charging cable of the charging unit for the protection of the traction battery charging to electrically driven vehicle, and a kind of such charging unit.
Background technology
Electrically driven vehicle has traction battery (storage battery), and it provides the required electric energy of operation that travels.When needed, must give the recharging of battery after electric discharge by charging unit.In addition, the traction battery of electrically driven vehicle is electrically connected to by charging cable with charging unit.According to the current capacity of charging cable (conductive capability), it has different circuit cross-sectional planes.For example having current capacity is the cable of 13A.Other cable has the current capacity of for example 20A, 32A or 63A.According to standard IEC 62196-2, such cable configurations has the plug that is for example constructed to so-called type 2 plugs.According to this standard IEC 62196-2, so this plug also has identical geometric specifications when the cable being set to for the large current capacity of difference.Therefore from the geometric specifications of plug, may not learn which kind of current capacity the cable being connected with this plug is applicable to.Also may by mistake obscure cable.
According to standard IEC 61851-1, in the situation that such plug is by being connected to the contact " Proximity " of plug and the current capacity that the resistance between " PE " illustrates (coding) cable.At this, the specific current capacity of the corresponding cable of specific resistance value.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of method and apparatus, its can be when charging safety protect reliably charging cable.
This technical matters according to the present invention by being resolved according to the method for independent claims and charging unit.Provided in the dependent claims preferred technical scheme.
According to the present invention, provided a kind of method of charging cable of the charging unit for the protection of the traction battery charging to electrically driven vehicle, wherein:
-determine the current capacity of charging cable;
-from memory device, reading for thering are the data of overload protection of the charging cable of determined current capacity, wherein said data have current value and affiliated break time;
-measure the charging current flow through charging cable intensity of current to form current value; And
If-current value is greater than the current capacity of determined charging cable, according to read data, determine the break time of the current value that belongs to measured, the time opening measures, and cuts off the electric current that flows through charging cable when reaching described break time.
The method particularly advantageously, has realized the overload protection for the charging cable of different current capacities thus.In addition, only need in memory device (data memory), guarantee to have the data of the overload protection of the charging cable with corresponding current capacity.By supplementary data, can be with plain mode by the method also for thering is other charging cable of other current capacity.
The current capacity of charging cable is interpreted as charging cable carrying here or is transmitted as the ability of the rated current of its setting.Such current capacity can be for example 13A, 20A, 32A or 63A as mentioned above.For example have accordingly and there is the charging cable that current capacity is 13A (13A charging cable), there is the charging cable that current capacity is 20A (20A charging cable), there is the charging cable that current capacity is 32A (32A charging cable) and there is the charging cable that current capacity is 63A (63A charging cable).
The method can be designed as, and by determining that resistance value determines the current capacity of charging cable, this resistance value is equivalent to the size of the resistance between two contacts of charging cable, and wherein, the size of resistance has provided the current capacity of charging cable.In other words, the size of the resistance between two contacts of charging cable has provided the current capacity of charging cable.By also the encoded current capacity of charging cable of this resistance.
For example can determine following resistance value, it is equivalent to according to the contact " Proximity " of charging cable plug and the size of the resistance between " PE " of standard IEC 62196 structures.
The method can be designed as, and for realizing additional short-circuit protection, the charging current that flows through charging cable is guided through to line protection switch.By this line protection switch, can except overload protection, also realize the short-circuit protection to charging cable.
The method can also be designed to, and according to determined current capacity, the charging current that flows through charging cable is guided through to for example, in a plurality of (electricity is connected in parallel) line protection switch one.Realized thus additional short-circuit protection.By a plurality of line protection switch (by least two line protection switch), can advantageously realize the short-circuit protection to the charging cable of different current capacities here.At this, according to automatic through at least two line protection switch by charging current guiding of determined current capacity (for example according to determined resistance value), and keep other line protection switch there is no charging current.
The method also can be designed as:
-by the first switching device (particularly by switch or contactless switch (Sch ü tz)), cut off the charging current that flows through charging cable, the function of this first switching device is monitored; And
-in the situation that of the first switching device fault, by second switch device, cut off the charging current that flows through charging cable.At this, second switch device can be connected in series with the first switching device electricity.At this particularly advantageously, the in the situation that of the first switching device fault, also can cut off reliably charging current by second switch device.
The method also can be designed as, and second switch device has line protection switch with remote actuator, with the line protection switch of working current binary pair or with the failure current protection switch of remote actuator.At this, can advantageously use the line protection switch that is also used to realize short-circuit protection.At this, failure current protection switch for example can be connected in series with line protection switch electricity.
The method can be moved as follows; (for realizing short-circuit protection) is both in the situation that have the charging cable of the first current capacity; also have in the situation that the first current capacity 50% to 100% between the charging cable of current capacity; charging current is guided through to line protection switch; this line protection switch has rated current; being on close level in the first current capacity of this rated current, and this line protection switch has trigger characteristic C.At this particularly advantageously, for have the first current capacity 50% to 100% between the different charging cables of current capacity, only need unique line protection switch for short-circuit protection.This required line protection switch has the rated current that is equivalent to the first current capacity.In addition, this line protection switch has trigger characteristic C.
The method also can be moved as follows:
-both in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 63A, also in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 32A, charging current is guided through to the line protection switch with rated current 63A and trigger characteristic C; Or
-both in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 32A, also in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 20A, charging current is guided through to the line protection switch with rated current 32A and trigger characteristic C; Or
-both in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 20A, also in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 13A, charging current is guided through to the line protection switch with rated current 20A and trigger characteristic C.At this, for optionally using 63A charging cable and 32A charging cable only to need, apply unique line protection switch with rated current 63A and trigger characteristic C.Make thus the quantity of required line protection switch sharply reduce.Therefore, can reduce required structure space, and saving in weight and cost.
According to the present invention, give a kind of charging unit for the traction battery charging to electrically driven vehicle, it is configured to carry out above-described method or method changes.
Above having advantages of equally, described charging unit provides in conjunction with the method according to this invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
According to embodiment, explain in detail the present invention below.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows for the protection of the charging unit of charging cable and the embodiment of method,
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment for the protection of the charging unit of charging cable and method,
Fig. 3 shows the trigger characteristic of line protection switch.
The specific embodiment
Figure 1 illustrates the charging unit 1 for traction battery 3 chargings to electrically driven vehicle 5.This charging unit 1 is connected with supply network 10 by connecting cable 8.Electric current is directed into the switching device 16 of charging unit 1 through connecting cable 8, failure current protection switch 12 and line protection switch 14 from supply network 10.This switching device 16 for example can be configured to switch or contactless switch, particularly power interface tentaculum.
Electric current continues to be directed into through current measuring device 20 charging inlet 22 of charging unit 1 from switching device 16 as charging current.This charging inlet is configured to charging slot (charging socket) 22 in an embodiment.Current measuring device 20 for example can be configured to current converter or have the intelligent electric meter of current measurement function.
In charging inlet 22, can insert the charging plug 24 of charging cable 26.Charging cable 26 makes charging unit 1 be electrically connected to electrically driven vehicle 5 by the second charging plug 28.Charging current is directed into electrically driven vehicle 5 from charging inlet 22 through charging cable 26, to give traction battery 3 chargings of self-propelled vehicle.
Charging plug 24 is configured to so-called type 2 plugs in an embodiment, and it is constructed according to standard IEC 62196-2.This plug has seven electric contacts: four electric contacts are used for transmitting three plase alternating current, a contact " Pilot ", a contact " Proximity ", a contact " PE " (standard IEC 61851-1).Between contact " Proximity " and " PE ", in the inside of plug 24, resistance 48 has been installed.By this resistance unit 48, according to current capacity or the rated current of standard IEC 61851-1 coding charging cable 26.(same resistance is also installed in charging plug 28.) resistance 48 is also referred to as " contiguous resistance (Proximity-Widerstand) ".It has provided the maximum current capacity of charging cable.At this, there is following corresponding relation:
Current capacity/the rated current of charging cable Resistance value
13A 1.5kΩ
20A 680Ω
32A 220Ω
63A 100Ω
Charging cable 26 only comprises 6 wire/cable cores, because it does not have the wire for contact " Proximity ".
When plug 24 is inserted into interface 22, especially the contact of plug 24 " Proximity " and contact " PE " is electrically connected to the contact of corresponding interface 22.This contact of interface 22 is connected with control setup 30 in charging unit 1.
Control setup 30 is configured to microcontroller in an embodiment.Control setup 30 is connected with memory device 32, and can from this memory device, read and to data writing in this memory device.In memory device 32, particularly stored for thering are the data of overload protection of the charging cable of different current capacities.Therefore, in memory device, for example stored for the data of the overload protection of 32A charging cable with for the data of the overload protection of 20A charging cable.Memory device (data memory) for example can be configured to flash memory, ROM, EPROM or EEPROM.
For each charging cable, these data comprise a large amount of current values and the break time corresponding with these current values difference.These data for example can show or simulate overload characteristic curve, are similar to the overload characteristic curve of the line protection switch with trigger characteristic C, thereby can be by the overload function of control setup analog line protection switch.For example for 20A charging cable, in memory device 32, stored following data:
Current value Corresponding break time
30A 4 minutes
40A 40 seconds
60A 10 seconds
80A 6 seconds
In addition, control setup is electrically connected to time measurement device 34.
Control setup 30 is connected with interface 22, current measuring device 20 and switching device 16 by signal wire (SW).Control setup 30 is master cock device 16 especially.In addition, control setup 30 by signal wire (SW) with the remote actuator 36 of line protection switch 14 and/or be connected with the remote actuator 38 of failure current protection switch 12.Replace remote actuator 36, also can adopt working current binary pair for line protection switch 14, failure current protection switch.
Remote actuator (also referred to as restorer) is the device with line protection switch or failure current protection switch mechanical couplings, and can switch on or off line protection switch or failure current protection switch.Working current binary pair is the device with line protection switch mechanical couplings, and can open-circuit line protection switch.
Exemplary method flow has below been described.For clarity, at this, take charging unit and the method that is only suitable for 32A charging cable and 20A charging cable is prerequisite.
Electrically driven vehicle 5 should charge by the charging current of 20A in an embodiment.Therefore, vehicle 5 is electrically connected to interface 22 by 20A charging cable.The current capacity of 20A is encoded by electricity by resistance 48 in plug 24.
When method starts, charging unit 1 is determined the current capacity of charging cable 26.This resistance value by the resistance 48 of control setup 30 definite charging plugs 24 is carried out.The resistance value of resistance 48 is measured, and is sent to control setup 30 by message 50.In an embodiment, resistance value is 680 ohm.The current capacity that control setup 30 identifies charging cable 26 thus has value 20A.
So control setup 30 reads the data (message 52) for the overload protection of 20A charging cable from memory device 32.These data packets contain for realizing the current value of overload protection and corresponding break time.
So, by current measuring device 20, measure the intensity of current of the charging current that flows through charging cable 26 (and thus also current flowing measurement mechanism 20), and form corresponding current value.This current value is transferred to control setup 30 by message 54.Control setup 30 is now compared the current value of measured electric current with the value of the current capacity of charging cable.If current value shows that intensity of current is less than or equal to 20A, there is not overload situations and do not need action.Yet, suppose that in an embodiment current value has the intensity of current of 30A.The intensity of current of 30A is the current capacity of charging cable or 1.5 times of its rated current.Because the intensity of current of 30A is greater than the current capacity (20A) of charging cable, so control setup is implemented other step.First, control setup is determined the break time corresponding with current value 30A according to the data that read from memory device 32.In an embodiment, be 4 minutes this break time.This is illustrated in the situation of intensity of current of 30A, must after 4 minutes, cut off charging current, damages avoiding.
So control setup 30 was measured by 34 time openings of time measurement device.After reaching break time (after 4 minutes), control setup 30 sends message 56 or signal 56 to switching device 16, and by these message 56 indicator cock device 16 interruptive currents.In an embodiment, according to message 56, disconnect contactless switch 16, the charging current of cable 26 thereby interrupt flow overcharges.Protect thus charging cable to avoid overload.
For example, for the failure condition (the contact possibility " clinging " of the switching device of constructing as contactless switch, can not disconnect) of identification switch device 16, monitor the normal function of switching device 16.This contactless switch that for example can have a so-called mirror image contact (Spiegelkontakten) by use is realized as switching device.Such mirror image contact is secondary contact, and itself and main contact move jointly.Therefore can identify all the time main contact in which kind of state (whether closed or disconnect) by mirror image contact.Therefore, when main contact does not disconnect, for example, can identify.
For this failure condition of switching device, switching device 16 can not cut off charging current, and two other switching devices are provided in an embodiment.So utilize one of these two other switching devices can cut off charging current.Such second switch device is line protection switch 14, and it disposes remote actuator 36.Remote actuator 36 is additional devices, by it, can switch on and off line protection switch.Therefore,, under the failure condition of switching device 16, control setup 30 sends message 60 to remote actuator 36, and indicates its open-circuit line protection switch 14.Cut off by the charging current of charging cable 26 thus.
Alternatively, control setup 30 also can send message 62 to the remote actuator 38 of failure current protection switch 12.Utilize message 62 indication remote controllers open failure current protection switch 12.Also can cut off the charging current that flows through charging cable thus.If there is an other switching device that can be cut off by control setup in charging unit, be also enough.If it is also enough having remote actuator 36 or having remote actuator 38.
If use in other embodiments 32A charging cable as charging cable 26, control setup 30 is determined and is had 32A charging cable according to the resistance value of resistance 48.So control setup 30 is downloaded the data for the overload protection of 32A charging cable from memory device 32.Other method step in meaning corresponding to the method step of describing in conjunction with 20A charging cable above.Alternatively, also can carry out overload protection by 32A line protection switch 14 in this case.
Both in the situation that using 32A charging cable, also in the situation that using 20A charging cable, by line protection switch 14, realized short-circuit protection for charging cable.In the situation that the charging cable described in two, the line protection switch with rated current 32A and trigger characteristic C is used as line protection switch 14.Advantageously, utilize 32A line protection switch also to realize the short-circuit protection of 20A charging cable.This is feasible, because both allowed the line protection switch of trigger characteristic C also to allow the line protection switch of trigger characteristic D in charging unit.According to standard IEC/EN60898-1 or DIN VDE0641-11, the difference of trigger characteristic C and trigger characteristic D is to start the intensity of current that short circuit triggers.
In Fig. 3, with chart, show according to the trigger characteristic of the line protection switch of this standard.Left side shows the trigger characteristic of Type C, and right side shows the trigger characteristic of type D.Bottom at chart can well be identified; in the situation that there is the line protection switch of trigger characteristic C; when current value is greater than about 5 times of rated current, starting short circuit triggers; and in the situation that there is the line protection switch of trigger characteristic D, when current value is greater than about 10 times of rated current, just start short circuit and trigger.
In other words, under short-circuit conditions, the line protection switch with trigger characteristic D (under larger multiple of rated current or mensuration electric current) under the higher relative current conditions of the line protection switch than having trigger characteristic C just cuts off.Therefore the line protection switch that, there is rated current 32A and trigger characteristic C be similar to have 20A and trigger characteristic D line protection switch work.Equally, the line protection switch that there is rated current 63A and trigger characteristic C be also similar to have rated current 32A and trigger characteristic D line protection switch work.As other example, the line protection switch with rated current 20A and trigger characteristic C be similar to have rated current 13A and trigger characteristic D line protection switch work.
By calculated example, should make this clear.Under the electric current of 256A, (this is the rated current of 8 times, 256A=8x32A) after about two second break time, cuts off under short-circuit conditions to have the line protection switch of rated current 32A and trigger characteristic C.If also wish that by this line protection switch, also for the protection of the charging cable of 20A, 256A is equivalent to the rated current (256A=12.8x20A) of 12.8 times.But the cut-out under the rated current of 12.8 times is equivalent to trigger characteristic D.Therefore the line protection switch that, has rated current 32A and a trigger characteristic C also can be used as the line protection switch for rated current 20A and trigger characteristic D.Only need thus a line protection switch and do not need two line protection switch.
Therefore, utilize trigger characteristic C line protection switch can with failure-free mode also protect have (maximum) current capacity the rated current of this line protection switch about 50% to 100% between charging cable.In an embodiment, can utilize 32A line protection switch about short-circuit protection 32A charging cable and 20A charging cable.
Although only comprise unique line protection switch 14 according to the method for Fig. 1 and charging unit, the method and this charging unit both can be for 32A charging cables, also can be for 20A charging cable.By making full use of cleverly trigger characteristic C and the D of line protection switch, can realize for a plurality of short-circuit protections with the different charging cables of different current capacities (thering are different circuit cross-sectional planes) by unique line protection switch.
Figure 2 illustrates charging unit and method, it is different from Fig. 1 and is suitable for having the charging cable that current capacity is 13A, 20A, 32A and 63A.At this, as the first line protection switch 14 ' use, there is the line protection switch of rated current 20A and trigger characteristic C.With the first line protection switch 14 ' second line protection switch 70 that has been connected in parallel, it can utilize other switching device 72 to be switched in charge circuit.Line protection switch 70 disposes remote actuator 73.Switching device 16 ' be constructed to 20A switching device, is for example constructed to 20A contactless switch, and switching device 72 is constructed to 72A switching device, is for example constructed to 72A contactless switch.
By switching device 16 ' and 72 be connected to make to distinguish close switch device 72 or close switch device 16 '.In other words, switching device 16 ' and other switching device 72 are " cross locks ".Therefore, charging current flows through line protection switch 14 ' or flow through line protection switch 70.
In memory device 32 also extra storage for the data of the overload protection of 13A charging cable and 63A charging cable.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2, carry out as follows the method.After connecting charging cable 26 and interface 22, determine the resistance value of resistance 48, and determine thus the current capacity of charging cable 26.If charging cable 26 has the current capacity of 63A or 32A, control setup 30 is to switching device 16 ' transmission message 74 and indicate it to remain on to disconnect shape body.In addition, control setup 30 sends message 76 to other switching device 72, and indicates it to connect its contact and make electric current can pass through line protection switch 70.In this case, all charging current flows to charging cable 26 from failure current protection switch 12 through line protection switch 70, other switching device 72, current measuring device 20 and interface 22.
If control setup 30 recognizes the current capacity that charging cable 26 has 20A or 13A, control setup 30 to switching device 16 ' transmission message 74 ', and indicate this switching device 16 ' connection.In addition, control setup 30 to switching device 72 send message 76 ', and indicate this switching device 72 to disconnect.In this case, all charging currents from failure current protection switch 12 through line protection switch 14 ', switching device 16 ', current measuring device 20, interface 22 flow to charging cable 26.Other flow process is equivalent to the flow process of describing in conjunction with Fig. 1.
A kind of a kind of charging unit and method for the protection of charging cable for the traction battery charging to electrically driven vehicle described here.This charging unit and the method can realize overload protection and the short-circuit protection for charging cable with simple and mode with low cost.Can be simply and at low cost for the charging cable of different current capacities is realized overload protection and short-circuit protection.Can advantageously with the line protection switch of low quantity, realize short-circuit protection.
Here carried out the automatic adaptation for the route protection of the charging cable using respectively.Therefore, for the protection of the solution with low cost of the charging cable of different intensities of current, be feasible, wherein, different charging cables can be connected to an identical interface.
At this, the protection of charging cable is divided into two subsystems or submethod.The overload protection of charging cable for example, is realized by control setup (microcontroller) and corresponding memory device, and on the contrary, the short-circuit protection of charging cable utilizes line protection switch to realize.The effect of overload protection is, protection charging cable avoids overload, and avoids thus the intensification that is not allowed to.That is,, if for example 13A charging cable is crossed 63A in fault situation, there is the loss power of 25 times and be distributed in cable.So, at cable surface, to estimate to jeopardize healthy temperature, and will worry cable bad.For fear of these, under overload protection, identify too high intensity of current, and cut off electric current by switching device, particularly power interface tentaculum.

Claims (9)

1. for the protection of the method for charging cable (26) of giving the charging unit (1) of traction battery (3) charging that can electrically driven vehicles (5), comprising:
-determine the current capacity of described charging cable (26);
-from memory device (32), read the data of the overload protection of the charging cable (26) for thering is determined current capacity, wherein, described data have current value and corresponding break time;
-measure the charging current flow through described charging cable (26) intensity of current to form current value; And
If-described current value is greater than the determined current capacity of described charging cable (26), according to read data, determine the break time corresponding with described current value, time opening is measured (34), and cuts off the electric current (56) that flows through described charging cable when reaching described break time.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that,
-by determining that resistance value determines the current capacity of described charging cable (26), described resistance value is equivalent to the size of the resistance (48) between two contacts of described charging cable (26), wherein, the size of described resistance (48) has provided the current capacity of described charging cable (26).
3. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that,
-for to realize additional short-circuit protection, the charging current that flows through described charging cable (26) is guided through to line protection switch (14).
4. according to the method described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that,
-for realizing additional short-circuit protection, according to determined current capacity, the charging current that flows through described charging cable (26) is guided through in a plurality of line protection switch (14 ', 70).
5. according to the method described in any one in the claims, it is characterized in that,
-by the first switching device (16), cut off the charging current that flows through described charging cable (26), the function of described the first switching device is monitored; And
-in the situation that of described the first switching device (16) fault, by second switch device (12,14), cut off the charging current that flows through described charging cable.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that,
-described second switch device has line protection switch (14) with remote actuator (36), with the line protection switch of working current binary pair or with the failure current protection switch (12) of remote actuator (38).
7. according to the method described in any one in claim 3 to 6, it is characterized in that,
-both in the situation that there is the charging cable (26) of the first current capacity; also have in the situation that the first current capacity 50% to 100% between the charging cable of current capacity; charging current is guided through to line protection switch (14); described line protection switch has rated current; being on close level in described the first current capacity of described rated current, and described line protection switch has trigger characteristic C.
8. according to the method described in any one in claim 3 to 7, it is characterized in that,
-both in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 63A, also in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 32A, described charging current is guided through to the line protection switch with rated current 63A and trigger characteristic C; Or
-both in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 32A, also in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 20A, described charging current is guided through to the line protection switch with rated current 32A and trigger characteristic C; Or
-both in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 20A, also in the situation that there is the charging cable of current capacity 13A, described charging current is guided through to the line protection switch with rated current 20A and trigger characteristic C.
9. one kind for giving the charging unit (1) of traction battery (3) charging that can electrically driven vehicles (5), and it is configured to carry out according to the method described in any one in claim 1 to 8.
CN201280068491.2A 2012-02-03 2012-02-03 Method and charging device for protecting charging cable Pending CN104093591A (en)

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Application publication date: 20141008