CN104084579B - Machine tool clamp prepared by powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Machine tool clamp prepared by powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104084579B CN104084579B CN201410365993.2A CN201410365993A CN104084579B CN 104084579 B CN104084579 B CN 104084579B CN 201410365993 A CN201410365993 A CN 201410365993A CN 104084579 B CN104084579 B CN 104084579B
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- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 alcohols compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXSZQYVWNJNRAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoxazole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1N=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2F)F)OC1 IXSZQYVWNJNRAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a machine tool clamp prepared by powder metallurgy, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 91-95 parts of iron powder, 1.2-3.6 parts of copper powder, 1.0-2.5 parts of aluminum powder, 0.4-1.8 parts of nickel powder, 0.4-1.5 parts of tin powder, 0.3-2.0 parts of graphite powder, 0.2-0.6 part of free cutting agent and 0.2-0.8 part of micro-wax powder, wherein the raw materials are mixed and then added into a fluorocarbon FC4430 according to the weight ratio of 0.1-0.8, and the machine tool clamp is prepared according to the powder metallurgy process. The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the existing fixture manufacturing technology, the fixture manufacturing method has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, little material loss, suitability for preparing fixtures with complicated shapes and structures and wide application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to jig prepared by a kind of powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof, belong to jig manufactureWith labyrinth processing technique field.
Technical background
Jig is a kind of device of clamping workpiece on lathe, and its effect is to make workpiece with respect to lathe and cutterThere is a correct position, and in process, keep this invariant position. In field of machining, folderTool generally adopts the materials such as high strength carbon steel, steel alloy and spheroidal graphite cast-iron, the multiplex die forging manufacture of manufacture of fixtureBlank. Fixture die forging form has two kinds, and one is that body and lid separately forge, another kind be body and lid are swaged into-Body. The blank of solid forging, needs to be cut in mechanical processing process afterwards, rear thick for ensureing incisionBore hole surplus evenly, preferably monolithic linkage big end hole is swaged into ellipse. In follow-up process, materialThe loss ratio of material is larger, and cost is higher, especially some baroque fixtures, and processing difficulties, cost is higher,Limit using and promoting of fixture.
Summary of the invention
Manufacture processing difficulties, problem that cost is high for overcoming fixture in prior art, the invention provides a kind of powderJig of metallurgical preparation and preparation method thereof.
According to technical scheme of the present invention, jig prepared by a kind of powder metallurgy, is characterized in that raw material becomesPoint and weight proportion be: iron powder 91-95, copper powder 1.2-3.6, aluminium powder 1.0-2.5, nickel powder 0.4-1.8, tinPowder 0.4-1.5, graphite powder 0.3-2.0, easily cutting agent 0.2-0.6, micro-wax powder 0.2-0.8, by above-mentioned raw materialsAfter mixing, add fluorocarbons FC4430, the weight proportion of the fluorocarbons FC4430 adding is0.1-0.8。
Preferably, jig prepared by described powder metallurgy, is characterized in that material composition and weight proportionFor: iron powder 91, copper powder 3.5, aluminium powder 2.5, nickel powder 1.8, glass putty 0.4, graphite powder 0.3, easily cutting agent0.2, micro-wax powder 0.2, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.1.
Preferably, jig prepared by described powder metallurgy, is characterized in that material composition and weight proportionFor: iron powder 91, copper powder 1.9, aluminium powder 1.0, nickel powder 0.4, glass putty 1.5, graphite powder 2.0, easily cutting agent0.6, micro-wax powder 0.8, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.8.
Preferably, jig prepared by described powder metallurgy, is characterized in that material composition and weight proportionFor: iron powder 95, copper powder 1.2, aluminium powder 1.0, nickel powder 0.5, glass putty 0.5, graphite powder 0.5, easily cutting agent0.4, micro-wax powder 0.5, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.4.
Preferably, jig prepared by described powder metallurgy, is characterized in that material composition and weight proportionFor: iron powder 92, copper powder 3.0, aluminium powder 1.2, nickel powder 0.9, glass putty 0.4, graphite powder 0.8, easily cutting agent0.5, micro-wax powder 0.6, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.6.
Jig prepared by described powder metallurgy, is characterized in that: the interpolation of fluorocarbons FC4430Mode is fluorocarbons FC4430 to be dissolved in alcohols compound, then containing fluorocarbons FC4430Alcohol compound add in mixed raw material.
The jig of preparing according to the powder metallurgy described in claim 1-5, is characterized in that: described raw materialMiddle iron powder, copper powder, aluminium powder, nickel powder, glass putty be shaped as irregular shape, granularity is 1000-6000 order.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of jig prepared by a kind of powder metallurgy, its processing step bagDraw together:
1) press above-mentioned raw materials proportioning, the raw material of preparation is dropped in ball grinder, be placed on rotary mill, enterRow ball mill mixing 20-70 hour;
2) batching after ball milling is sieved dry;
3) batching after batch mixing is put into the rubber mold with described jig shape, taking oil as pressure transmissionMedium, pressure is 250-350MPa, carries out isostatic compaction, forms base substrate;
4) base substrate after compacting is put into vacuum drying oven sintering, sintering temperature is 500-1100 DEG C, temperature retention timeFor 3-10 hour;
5) described jig sintering being made carries out the micro-processing processing of lathe;
6) by fixture after treatment micro-processing, first adopt heat treatment, then hot-oil quenching processing, then carry outLonneal processing;
7) fixture after treatment lonneal is carried out to blasting treatment.
Ball grinder in described step 1 is polyurethane ball grinder, and abrading-ball is GCr15 abrading-ball, and abrasive media is nothingWater-ethanol, ball material mass ratio is 20:1, and rotating speed is 300r/min, and described abrading-ball is that big-and-middle bead is mixed,The grating of large, medium and small abrading-ball is that mass ratio is 3:2:1.
Heat treatment in described step 6 is taking nitrogen as protection gas, 840 ± 10 DEG C for the treatment of temperatures, processing timeFor 1-2 hour, the oil temperature of described hot-oil quenching is 80-90 DEG C, and the temperature of described lonneal is 290 ± 10 DEG C,Tempering time is 1-2 hour.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is: compared with existing fixture manufacturing technology, advantage of the present invention is workSkill is simple, and cost is low, little to the loss of material, and is particularly suitable for preparing the fixture of shape and structure complexity,Range of application is wider.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that described hereinSpecific embodiment only, in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A jig prepared by powder metallurgy, its material composition and weight proportion are: iron powder 91-95, copperPowder 1.2-3.6, aluminium powder 1.0-2.5, nickel powder 0.4-1.8, glass putty 0.4-1.5, graphite powder 0.3-2.0, easilyCutting agent 0.2-0.6, micro-wax powder 0.2-0.8, adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after above-mentioned raw materials is mixed,The weight proportion of the fluorocarbons FC4430 adding is 0.1-0.8.
Iron powder in described raw material, copper powder, aluminium powder, nickel powder, glass putty be shaped as irregular shape, granularity is1000-6000 order.
The addition manner of described fluorocarbons FC4430 is that fluorocarbons FC4430 is dissolved in to alcohols compoundIn, then the alcohol compound that contains fluorocarbons FC4430 is added in mixed raw material.
In powder metallurgical technique technology, the proportioning of metal dust is mixed, and is an important link, and batch mixing is notEvenly, sintering is difficult for complete alloying, finally causes the performance of sintered article not ideal enough. Ball-milling method is commonly usedOne of method for mixing, in order to reduce weld force (or autohesion) effect between powder particle, prevents its reunion, can addAdd surfactant and lubricant. And in existing technique conventional surfactant be all difficult to solve powder granule itBetween part reunite, disperse uneven situation, and high score subclass surfactant also there will be in sintering processThe situation of " carbon residue ", causes product defect. In order to address the above problem, those skilled in the art are through longA large amount of experiment of phase, just finds to add appropriate fluorocarbon chain surfactant FC4430, to improving metal powderThe reunion performance at end has obvious effect, prepared metal dust good dispersion, and agglomeration is little, therebyThe metal works compact structure of preparation, intensity is high, without distortion.
Embodiment 2
A jig prepared by powder metallurgy, its material composition and weight proportion are: iron powder 91, copper powder3.5, aluminium powder 2.5, nickel powder 1.8, glass putty 0.4, graphite powder 0.3, easily cutting agent 0.2, micro-wax powder 0.2,The weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.1. Described fluorocarbons FC4430 addsAdd mode is fluorocarbons FC4430 to be dissolved in methyl alcohol, then containing fluorocarbons FC4430Methyl alcohol add in mixed raw material.
Embodiment 3
A jig prepared by powder metallurgy, its material composition and weight proportion are: iron powder 91, copper powder1.9, aluminium powder 1.0, nickel powder 0.4, glass putty 1.5, graphite powder 2.0, easily cutting agent 0.6, micro-wax powder 0.8,The weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.8. Described fluorocarbons FC4430 addsAdd mode is fluorocarbons FC4430 to be dissolved in ethanol, then containing fluorocarbons FC4430Ethanol add in mixed raw material.
Embodiment 4
A jig prepared by powder metallurgy, its material composition and weight proportion are: iron powder 95, copper powder1.2, aluminium powder 1.0, nickel powder 0.5, glass putty 0.5, graphite powder 0.5, easily cutting agent 0.4, micro-wax powder 0.5,The weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.4. Described fluorocarbons FC4430 addsAdd mode is fluorocarbons FC4430 to be dissolved in propyl alcohol, then containing fluorocarbons FC4430Propyl alcohol add in mixed raw material.
Embodiment 5
A jig prepared by powder metallurgy, its material composition and weight proportion are: iron powder 92, copper powder3.0, aluminium powder 1.2, nickel powder 0.9, glass putty 0.4, graphite powder 0.8, easily cutting agent 0.5, micro-wax powder 0.6,The weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.6. Described fluorocarbons FC4430 addsAdd mode is fluorocarbons FC4430 to be dissolved in phenmethylol, then containing fluorocarbons FC4430Phenmethylol add in mixed raw material.
Embodiment 6
A jig prepared by powder metallurgy, its step of preparation process comprises:
1) press above-mentioned raw materials proportioning, the raw material of preparation is dropped in polyurethane ball grinder, abrading-ball is GCr15 millBall, abrading-ball grating is that 3:2:1 configures according to big-and-middle bead mass ratio, abrasive media is absolute ethyl alcohol, ball materialMass ratio, for for 20:1, is placed on rotary mill, and rotating speed is set to 300r/min, carries out ball mill mixing 20-70Hour;
2) batching after ball milling is sieved dry.
3) batching after batch mixing is put into the rubber mold with described jig shape, taking oil as pressure transmissionMedium, pressure is 250-350MPa, carries out isostatic compaction, forms base substrate;
4) base substrate after compacting is put into vacuum drying oven sintering, sintering temperature is 1020 DEG C, and multi-steps sintering is set,0-500 DEG C of heating rate is 3 DEG C/min, and 500-1020 DEG C of heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, and temperature retention time is 5 littleTime, naturally cooling with stove.
5) jig sintering being made carries out the micro-processing processing of lathe, makes to meet the tolerance of its fixture.
6) by fixture after treatment micro-processing, be placed in heat-treatment furnace and heat, taking nitrogen as protection gas, locate840 ± 10 DEG C of reason temperature, the processing time is 1-2 hour, then puts into oil groove hot-oil quenching, oil temperature is 80-90 DEG C,Then be placed in tempering furnace at the temperature of 290 ± 10 DEG C, tempering 1-2 hour to eliminate stress.
7) fixture after treatment hot-oil quenching is carried out to blasting treatment.
Jig cost prepared by technique of the present invention is low, little to the loss of material, is applicable to batch production,Especially be applicable to making the fixture of some shape and structure more complicated.
Above-mentioned explanation illustrates and has described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, as previously mentioned, is to be understood that the present invention alsoNon-ly be confined to disclosed herein form, should do not regard the eliminating to other embodiment as, and can be used for various itsHis combination, amendment and environment, and can be in invention contemplated scope described herein, by above-mentioned instruction or relevantTechnology or the knowledge in field are changed. And the change that those skilled in the art carry out and variation do not depart from of the present inventionSpirit and scope, all should be in the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy, is characterized in that material composition and weight proportion are: iron powder91-95, copper powder 1.2-3.6, aluminium powder 1.0-2.5, nickel powder 0.4-1.8, glass putty 0.4-1.5, graphite powder 0.3-2.0,Easily cutting agent 0.2-0.6, micro-wax powder 0.2-0.8, adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after above-mentioned raw materials is mixed,The weight proportion of the fluorocarbons FC4430 adding is 0.1-0.8.
2. the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, is characterized in that material composition and heavyAmount proportioning is: iron powder 91, and copper powder 3.5, aluminium powder 2.5, nickel powder 1.8, glass putty 0.4, graphite powder 0.3, easilyCutting agent 0.2, micro-wax powder 0.2, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.1.
3. the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, is characterized in that material composition and heavyAmount proportioning is: iron powder 91, and copper powder 1.9, aluminium powder 1.0, nickel powder 0.4, glass putty 1.5, graphite powder 2.0, easilyCutting agent 0.6, micro-wax powder 0.8, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.8.
4. the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, is characterized in that material composition and heavyAmount proportioning is: iron powder 95, and copper powder 1.2, aluminium powder 1.0, nickel powder 0.5, glass putty 0.5, graphite powder 0.5, easilyCutting agent 0.4, micro-wax powder 0.5, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.4.
5. the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy according to claim 1, is characterized in that material composition and heavyAmount proportioning is: iron powder 92, and copper powder 3.0, aluminium powder 1.2, nickel powder 0.9, glass putty 0.4, graphite powder 0.8, easilyCutting agent 0.5, micro-wax powder 0.6, the weight proportion that adds fluorocarbons FC4430 after mixing is 0.6.
6. the jig of preparing according to the powder metallurgy described in claim 1-5 any one, is characterized in that: fluorineThe addition manner of carbon compound FC4430 is, fluorocarbons FC4430 is dissolved in alcohols compound, thenThe alcohol compound that contains fluorocarbons FC4430 adds in mixed raw material.
7. the jig of preparing according to the powder metallurgy described in claim 1-5 any one, is characterized in that: instituteThe irregular shape that is shaped as of stating iron powder in raw material, copper powder, aluminium powder, nickel powder, glass putty, granularity is 1000-6000Order.
8. a preparation method for the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy as claimed in claim 7, its processing stepComprise:
1) press above-mentioned raw materials proportioning, the raw material of preparation is dropped in ball grinder, be placed on rotary mill, enterRow ball mill mixing 20-70 hour;
2) batching after ball milling is sieved dry;
3) batching after batch mixing is put into the rubber mold with described jig shape, taking oil as pressure transmissionMedium, pressure is 250-350MPa, carries out isostatic compaction, forms base substrate;
4) base substrate after compacting is put into vacuum drying oven sintering, sintering temperature is 500-1100 DEG C, temperature retention timeFor 3-10 hour;
5) described jig sintering being made carries out the micro-processing processing of lathe;
6) by fixture after treatment micro-processing, first adopt heat treatment, then hot-oil quenching processing, then carry outLonneal processing;
7) fixture after treatment lonneal is carried out to blasting treatment.
9. the preparation method of the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy according to claim 8, described processing step1) ball grinder in is polyurethane ball grinder, and abrading-ball is GCr15 abrading-ball, and abrasive media is absolute ethyl alcohol, ballMaterial mass ratio is 20:1, and rotating speed is 300r/min, and described abrading-ball is that big-and-middle bead is mixed, large, medium and small abrading-ballGrating be that mass ratio is 3:2:1.
10. the preparation method of the jig that prepared by powder metallurgy according to claim 8, described processing step6), in, described heat treatment is taking nitrogen as protection gas, 840 ± 10 DEG C for the treatment of temperatures, and the processing time is 1-2Hour; The oil temperature of described hot-oil quenching is 80-90 DEG C; The temperature of described lonneal is 290 ± 10 DEG C, returnsThe fire time is 1-2 hour.
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| CN201410365993.2A CN104084579B (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2014-07-29 | Machine tool clamp prepared by powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107695336A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-02-16 | 南通冠达粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of powder metallurgy forming method |
| CN107671296A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-02-09 | 南通冠达粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of planetary gear powder metallurgy forming method |
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