CN104073710B - Antifriction cast iron for air conditioner compressors and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antifriction cast iron for air conditioner compressors and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104073710B CN104073710B CN201410288945.8A CN201410288945A CN104073710B CN 104073710 B CN104073710 B CN 104073710B CN 201410288945 A CN201410288945 A CN 201410288945A CN 104073710 B CN104073710 B CN 104073710B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy cast iron materials, particularly an antifriction cast iron for air conditioner compressors and a preparation method thereof. The antifriction cast iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.0-3.7% of C, 1.66-2.5% of Si, 0.5-1.0% of Mn, 0.15-0.25% of Ni, 0.15-1.2% of Cr, 0.15-0.25% of Mo, at most 0.3% of P, at most 0.12% of S and the balance of Fe. The traditional detection technique is combined to detect and analyze the raw material proportioning in the antifriction cast iron and perform the raw material proportioning of the antifriction cast iron; by combining the late inoculation technique to control the alloy content of the antifriction cast iron in the electric furnace and the casting process and also combining the solution strengthening technique, the main chemical components in the antifriction cast iron satisfy the standard requirements on the premise of lowering the alloy content in the antifriction cast iron, thereby enhancing the tensile strength and hardness of the antifriction cast iron.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy cast iron material technical field, especially a kind of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Antifriction cast iron is the part for working under lubricating condition, for example roller, machine tool guideway, cylinder sleeve and bearing etc.,
Therefore, antifriction cast iron requires to have relatively low coefficient of friction and can be good at keeping the ability of continuous oil film.Based on this,
And for antifriction material, optimum organizational form is that hard hardening constituent is distributed with soft matrix, and using iron element as
Soft matrix, cementite, as hardening constituent, further improves antifriction material wear resistance and antifriction ability.
For this reason, those skilled in the art pass through years of researches, and with reference to of the prior art with regard to electromagnetic agitation intensity
Impact to institutional framework, in electromagnetism strengthening stirring, the linear relationship between the size of electric current and changes in microstructure, secondary pregnant
Technology of educating is to guaranteeing the stable and controlled of product quality, and on the premise of taking into account production cost, is antifriction cast iron materials
Production provides a kind of new approaches.
Content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of alloy content low, produces into
This is little, tensile strength is excellent, chemical composition meets standard and requires, and the structure organization of product can optimize friction reducing effect, wear-resistant
The stronger compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron of ability.
The present invention, in order to realize solving above-mentioned technical problem, additionally provides a kind of system of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron
Preparation Method.
It is achieved particular by technical scheme below:
A kind of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron, its chemical composition and its percentage by weight are c 3.0～3.7%, si 1.66
～2.5%, mn 0.5～1.0%, ni 0.15～0.25%, cr 0.15～1.2%, mo 0.15～0.25%, p≤
0.3%th, s≤0.12%, balance of fe.
Described chemical composition and its percentage by weight are c 3.35%, si 2.0%, mn 0.8%, ni 0.2%, cr
0.75%th, mo 0.2%, p≤0.2%, s≤0.08%, balance of fe.
Its raw material components and its weight portion are pig iron 60-70 part, spend steel 25-35 part, alloy 1-10 part.
Described raw material components and its weight portion are 65 parts of the pig iron, spend 30 parts of steel, 5 parts of alloy.
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron that the described pig iron is 4.0% for phosphorus content, phosphorus content be one of 3.4% foundry iron or
Two kinds of mixtures, wherein, the ratio of two kinds of mixtures is spheroidal graphite cast-iron: foundry iron is that the weight portion of 1.7:2 adds.
Described degree steel is Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel 4340 (40crnimo).
Described alloy is the alloy material of cr, ni, mn composition, and cr, ni, mn percentage by weight of wherein alloy material is
Cr accounts for 50%, ni and accounts for 40%, mn and accounts for 10%.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron it is characterised in that comprising the following steps:
(1) dispensing detection: with reference to traditional detection technique, chemical composition and its content according to antifriction cast iron carry out raw material
Screening and detection, select satisfactory pig iron material, degree steel and NI-CR-MO alloys material, stand-by；
(2) electro-smelting: adjustment electric furnace smelting temperature reach 1430-1450 DEG C, and by the pig iron, degree steel, alloy material
Put into electric furnace successively and carry out mixed smelting, and be 600 × 10 using intensity-4The Double-side electromagnetic agitator of t is stirred, directly
Liquefy completely to raw material, stand-by；
(3) two breed: take out a small amount of iron liquid, and by traditional iron liquid detection method, the component content in iron liquid is entered
Row detection and analysis, and the component content out according to detection and analysis, are added in electric furnace using rare-earth silicon alloy material, enter again
Row melting is simultaneously stirred, and carries out chemical composition supply, that is, complete to breed in stove；Again in casting process, using traditional detection method
The component content of iron liquid is detected and is analyzed, and using adding the rare-earth silicon alloy material being smelted into liquid in cast,
Carry out cast to breed；
(4) solution strengthening: after being poured, when foundry goods is cooled to 700-800 DEG C, foundry goods is carried out at air strengthening
Reason 5-10s, makes foundry goods be cooled to normal temperature, you can to complete the casting of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron.
It is when foundry goods is cooled to 750 DEG C that described solution strengthening is processed, and it is 300m that foundry goods is placed in air stream3The ring of/s
In border, carry out air solution strengthening and process 8s, and make foundry goods be cooled to normal temperature.
Compared with prior art, the technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1. pass through with reference to traditional detection technique, the dispensing in antifriction cast iron raw material is detected and analyzes, so right
The raw material of antifriction cast iron carries out proportioning, and combines late inoculation technology alloy to antifriction cast iron in electric furnace and in casting process
Content is controlled, and in conjunction with solution strengthening treatment technology so that reduce antifriction cast iron in alloy content while, energy
Enough make the main chemical compositions in antifriction cast iron meet standard to require, and enhance tensile strength and the hardness of antifriction cast iron.
2. by the application of solution strengthening treatment technology so that the institutional framework of antifriction cast iron has obtained largely changing
Enter, enhance friction reducing effect during compressor of air conditioner antifriction for the antifriction cast iron.
3. by being detected to the quality of product it can be deduced that, in the microstructure that not the carrying out of this product is heat-treated:
Lamellar pearlite volume content >=95%；Fine platy a type graphite accounts for percentage >=95% of graphite total amount, and is uniformly distributed；
Carbide grade is 1～4 grade, and then ensure that the friction reducing effect of cast iron in product structure tissue.
4. by appropriately being adjusted to technical parameter in processing step and related process, alloy content can reduced
Under the premise of, more than 1 times of wear resistance can be improved than traditional antifriction material.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the micro-structure diagram of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the phosphorus crystallization of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron of the present invention, the micro-structure diagram of carbide.
Specific embodiment
Come with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings technical scheme is further limited, but require
The scope of protection is not only limited to description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron, its raw material components and its weight portion are pig iron 60kg, degree steel 25kg, alloy
1kg；
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron that the described pig iron is 4.0% for phosphorus content；
Described degree steel is Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel 4340 (40crnimo)；
Described alloy is the alloy material of cr, ni, mn composition, and cr, ni, mn percentage by weight of wherein alloy material is
Cr accounts for 50%, ni and accounts for 40%, mn and accounts for 10%；
Its preparation method is:
Comprise the following steps:
(1) dispensing detection: with reference to traditional detection technique, chemical composition and its content according to antifriction cast iron carry out raw material
Screening and detection, select satisfactory pig iron material, degree steel and NI-CR-MO alloys material, stand-by；
(2) electro-smelting: the smelting temperature of adjustment electric furnace reaches 1430 DEG C, and by the pig iron, degree steel, alloy material successively
Put into electric furnace and carry out mixed smelting, and be 600 × 10 using intensity-4The Double-side electromagnetic agitator of t is stirred, until former
Material liquefies completely, stand-by；
(3) two breed: take out a small amount of iron liquid, and by traditional iron liquid detection method, the component content in iron liquid is carried out
Detection and analysis, and the component content out according to detection and analysis, add in electric furnace using 2% rare-earth silicon alloy material, again
Carry out melting and stir, carry out chemical composition supply, that is, complete to breed in stove；Again in casting process, using traditional detection side
Method is detected to the component content of iron liquid and is analyzed, and using adding be smelted into liquid 2.5% rare earth silicon in cast
Alloy material, carries out cast and breeds；
(4) solution strengthening: after being poured, when foundry goods is cooled to 700 DEG C, it is 300m that foundry goods is placed in air stream3/
In the environment of s, carry out air intensive treatment 5s, make foundry goods be cooled to normal temperature, you can complete the casting of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron
Make.
Quality testing:
Chemical composition content in its product is detected, its result is: c 3.0%, si2.5%, mn 0.5%, ni
0.15%th, cr 1.2%, mo 0.15%, p 0.3%, s 0.12%, balance of fe, comply fully with improving cast iron quality standard.
Observe under 100 power microscopes, lamellar pearlite volume content 95% in the microstructure being heat-treated；Shred
Shape a type graphite accounts for the 95% of graphite total amount, is uniformly distributed；Carbide grade is 2 grades.
Embodiment 2
A kind of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron, its raw material components and its weight portion are pig iron 70kg, degree steel 35kg, alloy
10kg.
The foundry iron that the described pig iron is 3.4% for phosphorus content；
Described degree steel is Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel 4340 (40crnimo)；
Described alloy is the alloy material of cr, ni, mn composition, wherein cr, ni, mn percentage by weight of alloy material
Account for 50%, ni for cr and account for 40%, mn and account for 10%；
Its preparation method is:
Comprise the following steps:
(1) dispensing detection: with reference to traditional detection technique, chemical composition and its content according to antifriction cast iron carry out raw material
Screening and detection, select satisfactory pig iron material, degree steel and NI-CR-MO alloys material, stand-by；
(2) electro-smelting: the smelting temperature of adjustment electric furnace reaches 1450 °, and the pig iron, degree steel, alloy material are thrown successively
Enter electric furnace and carry out mixed smelting, and be 600 × 10 using intensity-4The Double-side electromagnetic agitator of t is stirred, until raw material
Liquefy completely, stand-by；
(3) two breed: take out a small amount of iron liquid, and by traditional iron liquid detection method, the component content in iron liquid is carried out
Detection and analysis, and the component content out according to detection and analysis, the rare-earth silicon alloy material using 2.5% adds in electric furnace,
Carry out melting again and stir, carry out chemical composition supply, that is, complete to breed in stove；Again in casting process, using tradition inspection
Survey method is detected to the component content of iron liquid and is analyzed, and using adding be smelted into liquid 2% rare earth in cast
Aluminosilicate alloy material, carries out cast and breeds；
(4) solution strengthening: after being poured, when foundry goods is cooled to 800 DEG C, it is 220m that foundry goods is placed in air stream3/
In the environment of s, carry out air intensive treatment 10s, make foundry goods be cooled to normal temperature, you can complete the casting of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron
Make.
Quality testing:
Chemical composition content in its product is detected, its result is: c 3.7%, si1.66%, mn 1.0%,
Ni 0.25%, cr 0.15%, mo 0.25%, p 0.1%, s 0.1%, balance of fe, comply fully with improving cast iron quality standard.
Observe under 100 power microscopes, lamellar pearlite volume content 98% in the microstructure being heat-treated；Shred
Shape a type graphite accounts for the 96% of graphite total amount, is uniformly distributed；Carbide grade is 3 grades.
Embodiment 3
A kind of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron, its raw material components and its weight portion are pig iron 65kg, degree steel 30kg, alloy
5kg；
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron that the described pig iron is 4.0% for phosphorus content, phosphorus content are two kinds of mixing of 3.4% foundry iron
Thing, wherein, the ratio of two kinds of mixtures is spheroidal graphite cast-iron: foundry iron is that the weight portion of 1.7:2 adds；
Described degree steel is Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel 4340 (40crnimo)；
Described alloy is the alloy material of cr, ni, mn composition, and cr, ni, mn percentage by weight of wherein alloy material is
Cr accounts for 50%, ni and accounts for 40%, mn and accounts for 10%；
Its preparation method is:
Comprise the following steps:
(1) dispensing detection: with reference to traditional detection technique, chemical composition and its content according to antifriction cast iron carry out raw material
Screening and detection, select satisfactory pig iron material, degree steel and NI-CR-MO alloys material, stand-by；
(2) electro-smelting: the smelting temperature of adjustment electric furnace reaches 1440 DEG C, and the pig iron, degree steel, alloy material are thrown successively
Enter electric furnace and carry out mixed smelting, and be 600 × 10 using intensity-4The Double-side electromagnetic agitator of t is stirred, until raw material
Liquefy completely, stand-by；
(3) two breed: take out a small amount of iron liquid, and by traditional iron liquid detection method, the component content in iron liquid is carried out
Detection and analysis, and the component content out according to detection and analysis, the rare-earth silicon alloy material using 2.3% adds in electric furnace,
Carry out melting again and stir, carry out chemical composition supply, that is, complete to breed in stove；Again in casting process, using tradition inspection
Survey method is detected to the component content of iron liquid and is analyzed, and using add in cast be smelted into liquid 2.4% dilute
Native aluminosilicate alloy material, carries out cast and breeds；
(4) solution strengthening: after being poured, when foundry goods is cooled to 750 DEG C, foundry goods is placed in air stream is
250m3In the environment of/s, carry out air intensive treatment 8s, make foundry goods be cooled to normal temperature, you can complete compressor of air conditioner antifriction casting
The casting of iron.
Quality testing:
Chemical composition content in its product is detected, its result is: c 3.35%, si2.0%, mn 0.8%,
Ni 0.2%, cr 0.75%, mo 0.2%, p 0.2%, s 0.08%, balance of fe, comply fully with improving cast iron quality standard；
Observe under 100 power microscopes, lamellar pearlite volume content 97% in the microstructure being heat-treated；Shred
Shape a type graphite accounts for the 99% of graphite total amount, is uniformly distributed；Carbide grade is 1 grade.
Test example:
The compressor of air conditioner roller that southwestern instrument (group) Co., Ltd of test example 1 produces
According to according to traditional detection method, to the preparation method according to embodiment 1, for the sky of southwestern Tools Co., ltd
Adjust compressor roller to be produced, and product chemical composition content is detected, in 1000 cast products producing, its
Chemical composition content is: c:3.4%, si:2.5%, mn:0.8%, ni ＜ 0.2%, cr0.6%, mo ＜ 0.2%, p ＜ 0.35,
S ＜ 0.12%, remaining is fe；Adopt 100 times of microexaminations, lamellar pearlite volume in the microstructure being heat-treated again
Content >=95%；Fine platy a type graphite accounts for the 95～98% of graphite total amount, is uniformly distributed；Carbide grade is 2 grades；Iron phosphide eutectic
≤ 0.5%, carbide≤2.5%；Finally the tensile strength and Brinell hardness of 1000 casting samples is measured, it is average
Result is tensile strength: σ b=233.7mpa, and Brinell hardness is: 223.1hbs it can be seen that, actual production of the present invention is out
The chemical composition content of product, tensile strength, institutional framework and hardness all disclosure satisfy that the requirement of casting product quality, and
On the premise of reducing alloy content, its friction reducing effect is preferable.
Test example 2 wear resistance contrast test
The product produced using embodiments of the invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and traditional antifriction material product
It is prepared into compressor of air conditioner anti-friction part, i.e. roller；And by its size detection record, then it is separately mounted to make in compressor of air conditioner
For antifriction purposes, and according to the normal work speed of service, control the speed of service of each compressor of air conditioner consistent, that is, according to
Rotating speed counting, is that 550r/min runs, run three months, six months, nine months, after 1 year, detect its degree of wear respectively, and
Record its data, result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 degree of wear data logger
Can be seen that the technical scheme preparation of embodiments of the invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 by data display in table
From the point of view of antifriction cast iron materials out compare traditional technical scheme, the antifriction cast iron material that technical scheme prepares
Material abrasive resistance is relatively excellent.
The roller that the casting pig antifriction material that the prior art that this test example adopts is common is prepared into.
Here it is important to point out that, above example and test example are only limitted to the skill that technical scheme is reached
Art effect is further elaborated and understands it is impossible to be understood to the restriction further to technical scheme, simultaneously with
Upper technical scheme is not only applicable to compressor of air conditioner it is also possible to be applied to the material preparation antifriction of the antifriction cast iron of other field
Parts, for this reason, the essential characteristics of non-protruding made of those skilled in the art and the innovation and creation of marked improvement all belong to
Protection category in the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron it is characterised in that its chemical composition and its percentage by weight be c 3.0～
3.7%th, si 1.66～2.5%, mn 0.5～1.0%, ni 0.15～0.25%, cr 0.15～1.2%, mo 0.15～
0.25%th, p≤0.3%, s≤0.12%, balance of fe；
Described compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron, its raw material components and its weight portion are pig iron 60-70 part, Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel
4340:25-35 part, alloy 1-10 part；
Preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing detection: with reference to traditional detection technique, carry out the sieve of raw material according to the chemical composition of antifriction cast iron and its content
Choosing and detection, select the satisfactory pig iron, Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel 4340 and alloy, stand-by；
(2) electro-smelting: adjustment electric furnace smelting temperature reach 1430-1450 DEG C, and by the pig iron, Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel 4340,
Alloy puts into electric furnace successively and carries out mixed smelting, and is 600 × 10 using intensity-4The Double-side electromagnetic agitator of t is stirred locating
Reason, until raw material liquefies completely, stand-by；
(3) two breed: take out a small amount of iron liquid, and by traditional iron liquid detection method, the component content in iron liquid is detected
And analysis, and the component content out according to detection and analysis, added in electric furnace using rare-earth silicon alloy material, carry out melting again
And stir, carry out chemical composition supply, that is, complete to breed in stove；Again in casting process, using traditional detection method to iron liquid
Component content detected and analyzed, and using adding the rare-earth silicon alloy material being smelted into liquid in cast, poured
Note breeds；
(4) solution strengthening: after being poured, when foundry goods is cooled to 700-800 DEG C, foundry goods is carried out air intensive treatment 5-
10s, makes foundry goods be cooled to normal temperature, you can complete the casting of compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron；
Described alloy is the alloy material of cr, ni, mn composition, and cr, ni, mn percentage by weight of wherein alloy material accounts for for cr
50%th, ni accounts for 40%, mn and accounts for 10%.
2. compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described chemical composition and its weight hundred
Point than be c 3.35%, si 2.0%, mn 0.8%, ni 0.2%, cr 0.75%, mo 0.2%, p≤0.2%, s≤
0.08%, balance of fe.
3. compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described raw material components and its weight portion
For 65 parts of the pig iron, Ni-Cr-Mo quenched and tempered steel 4340:30 part, 5 parts of alloy.
4. compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the described pig iron for phosphorus content is
4.0% spheroidal graphite cast-iron, phosphorus content are one of 3.4% foundry iron or two kinds of mixtures, wherein, two kinds of mixtures
Ratio is spheroidal graphite cast-iron: foundry iron is that the weight portion of 1.7:2 adds.
5. compressor of air conditioner antifriction cast iron as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described preparation method, solution strengthening
Process is when foundry goods is cooled to 750 DEG C, and it is 300m that foundry goods is placed in air stream3In the environment of/s, carry out air solution strengthening
Process 8s, and make foundry goods be cooled to normal temperature.
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| CN201410288945.8A CN104073710B (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2014-06-24 | Antifriction cast iron for air conditioner compressors and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2602312C1 (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2016-11-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный университет путей сообщения" (МИИТ) | Grey bearing cast iron |
| CN105506445A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-20 | 常熟市制冷压缩机铸件厂 | Cast alloy for housing of refrigerator compressor |
| CN105624546A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 丹寨县真山机电有限公司 | Low-alloy anti-wear cast iron |
| RU2611624C1 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-02-28 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный университет путей сообщения" (МИИТ) | High-strength alloyed antifriction cast iron |
| RU2611622C1 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-02-28 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный университет путей сообщения" (МИИТ) | High-strength cast iron for heat-treated cast case parts |
| CN111334705A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-26 | 中原内配集团股份有限公司 | High-strength pearlite antifriction cast iron and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114603089B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-12-26 | 广东扬山联合精密制造股份有限公司 | Low-alloy low-deformation compressor roller and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101413083A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-22 | 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 | Cast iron material for compressor rolling piston |
| CN101684809A (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2010-03-31 | 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 | Rotating type compressor |
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