CN104076814A - Automobile ECU measurement system based on hardware-in-loop simulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an automotive electronic control unit measurement system based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation, which belongs to the technical field of automotive electronic control unit testing. The invention aims to solve the problems of high test cost and unclear error sources caused by the test mode of the existing automotive electronic control unit. It uses hardware-in-the-loop simulation technology to transform the actual vehicle test into the ECU test in the virtual vehicle. It uses the upper computer and the lower computer to simulate the characteristics of the real vehicle, which is convenient and efficient for testing, and has good repeatability. It can also simulate many dangerous situations of real vehicles; in the early stage of automobile development, the functions and performances of each ECU are tested by simulating the characteristics of the entire vehicle, and then the ECUs that pass the test are combined to form a complete vehicle system. The invention is used for the test of the electronic control unit of the automobile.

Description

Measurement system of automotive electronic control unit based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation

technical field

The invention relates to an automotive electronic control unit measurement system based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation, and belongs to the technical field of automotive electronic control unit testing.

Background technique

With the wide application of high-tech in automobiles, more and more electronic control units (ECUs) are embedded in automobiles. The functions of different types of ECUs vary greatly. The functions are different, which makes the diagnostic testing of ECU more and more complicated.

In traditional automotive ECU testing, it is necessary to install the ECU on a real vehicle or on a bench for testing. In such a test mode, to complete the test of an ECU, all the hardware circuits and related software of other ECUs connected to it must be realized. That is to say, all ECU tests are carried out sequentially. Only when the previous ECU is completed and tested, can the next ECU be tested. This leads to a relatively long development cycle, and the entire test work cannot be carried out in parallel. Moreover, the interconnection test of multiple ECUs is easy to cause errors, and the source of errors is difficult to find; the later the stage of error discovery, the greater the cost. In the end, it may be necessary to consider whether the design is reasonable, or even break the original design and start from scratch. This obviously cannot meet the market's rapid development requirements for products. Moreover, such a test mode also greatly increases the cost of testing, which significantly reduces the company's product competitiveness. And some tests are carried out under extreme conditions of the car, which is dangerous, so an efficient and safe test method must be found.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of high test cost and unclear source of errors caused by the test mode of the existing automotive electronic control unit, and provides a vehicle electronic control unit measurement system based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation.

The automotive electronic control unit measurement system based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation of the present invention includes a host computer, a lower computer and an electronic control unit under test,

The upper computer sends the test cases to the lower computer through the USB bus by running the control program;

The lower computer includes USB to SPI module, micro control module, bus transceiver module, fault simulation module and load simulation module,

The lower computer realizes the mutual conversion between USB data and SPI data through the USB to SPI module, and the USB to SPI module is connected to the micro control module through the SPI bus.

According to the received test case, the micro control module sends a request message to the electronic control unit under test through the bus transceiver module, controls the fault simulation module to simulate the communication fault, and controls the load simulation module to simulate the external load or load fault of the electronic control unit; and handles the upper command or data sent by the computer, control the sending and receiving of bus data, set the parameters of load simulation, and turn on or off the relay of the fault simulation module;

The bus transceiver module follows the vehicle diagnostic protocol and is used to detect whether the electronic control unit under test can correctly respond to the request message;

The fault simulation module is used to control the opening or closing of the relay to simulate the fault of the real vehicle, and read the corresponding fault code through the bus transceiver module;

The load simulation module is used to simulate the external load of the electronic control unit under test, and detect the load driving capability of the electronic control unit under test, the ability to handle short-circuit to external loads and the ability to handle open circuit faults;

The bus transceiver module, fault simulation module and load simulation module are connected to corresponding interfaces of the electronic control unit under test.

The load simulation module includes DSP module, power management module, MOSFET power drive module, current and voltage sampling module and CAN communication module.

The bus transceiver module includes CAN bus, K bus and LIN bus.

Advantages of the present invention: the present invention adopts the hardware-in-the-loop simulation technology to convert the test of the actual vehicle into the test of the ECU in the "virtual vehicle". The test has good repeatability and can simulate many dangerous situations of real vehicles. It has very important application value in the early stage of automobile research and development when the complete vehicle has not been completed. It tests the function and performance of each ECU by simulating the characteristics of the complete vehicle, and then combines the ECUs that pass the test to form a complete vehicle system. , instead of interconnecting various untested ECUs, it is easier to determine the source of errors; it greatly reduces the system development cycle and saves later testing expenses.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of the automotive electronic control unit measurement system based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the circuit principle of the simulation motherboard.

Detailed ways

Specific Embodiment 1: The present embodiment will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The automotive electronic control unit measurement system based on hardware-in-the-loop simulation described in this embodiment includes a host computer 1, a lower computer 2 and an electronic control unit under test. 3,

The upper computer 1 sends the test case 1-2 to the lower computer 2 through the USB bus by running the control program 1-1;

The lower computer 2 includes a USB to SPI module 2-1, a micro control module 2-2, a bus transceiver module 2-3, a fault simulation module 2-4 and a load simulation module 2-5,

The lower computer 2 realizes the mutual conversion between USB data and SPI data through the USB to SPI module 2-1, and the USB to SPI module 2-1 is connected to the micro control module 2-2 through the SPI bus,

The micro control module 2-2 sends a request message to the electronic control unit 3 under test through the bus transceiver module 2-3 according to the received test case 1-2, controls the fault simulation module 2-4 to perform communication fault simulation and controls the load simulation module 2 -5 Simulate the external load or load fault of the electronic control unit; and process the command or data sent by the host computer 1, control the sending and receiving of bus data, set the parameters of the load simulation, and turn on or off the relay of the fault simulation module 2-4;

The bus transceiver module 2-3 follows the vehicle diagnostic protocol and is used to detect whether the electronic control unit 3 under test can correctly respond to the request message;

The fault simulation module 2-4 is used to control the opening or closing of the relay to simulate a real vehicle fault, and read the corresponding fault code through the bus transceiver module 2-3;

The load simulation module 2-5 is used for simulating the external load of the electronic control unit 3 under test, and detecting the load driving capability of the electronic control unit 3 under test, the ability to handle short-circuit of the external load and the ability to handle open circuit faults;

The bus transceiver module 2-3, fault simulation module 2-4 and load simulation module 2-5 are connected to corresponding interfaces of the electronic control unit 3 under test.

In this embodiment, the lower computer refers to the test equipment. The measurement system mainly realizes bus communication test, message monitoring, fault simulation and ECU external load simulation.

The lower computer 2 is composed of a simulation main board and a load simulation. The simulation main board is mainly responsible for communication with the upper computer, message monitoring, bus communication test and ECU fault simulation; the load simulation includes two parts: the load simulation unit and the USB to CAN module, and the load simulation unit It can be controlled by the emulation motherboard through the CAN bus, or directly controlled by the host computer 1 through the USB to CAN module. The load simulation unit is used to simulate the external load of the ECU and some common faults of the load, such as load short circuit and load disconnection. In the actual test, it may be necessary for the load simulation unit to simulate multiple loads at the same time, so the load simulation module and the simulation main board module are designed separately. This modular design has strong flexibility, and multiple load simulation units can be connected according to the test needs. . The load simulation unit outputs the gate-source voltage Ugs of the MOSFET through the DA conversion and voltage drive circuit, collects the leakage current Id through the current detection module, collects the drain-source voltage Uds through the voltage acquisition module, and communicates with the simulation motherboard or PC through the CAN transceiver module. communication. The electronic load requires the adjustable leakage current to vary between 0-15A with an accuracy of 0.1A; the drain-source voltage to vary between 0-30V with an accuracy of 0.1V; the power consumption to vary between 0-180W with an accuracy of 0.5 W.

The emulation motherboard mainly includes seven parts: power management, MCU control, USB communication, fault simulation, LED indication, bus data sending and receiving, and connectors, as shown in Figure 2.

The power management module converts 12V to 5V; the MCU communicates with the host computer 1 through the USB data transceiver module, receives instructions and data from the host computer, or sends feedback information to the host computer; the MCU obtains the command code sent by the host computer through command analysis, and Perform corresponding operations according to the instruction code, or control the relay to simulate communication faults, or turn on and off the LED light, or send a request message to the ECU under test through the bus transceiver; the signal that needs to be connected externally is drawn out through the connector.

Vehicle diagnostic protocols such as 15765 and 14230 protocols formulated by ISO. Fault simulation modules 2-4 are relatively simple, and can be used to simulate bus short-circuit or open-circuit faults of real vehicles; load simulation modules 2-5 are used to partially simulate external loads of ECU, such as lights and motors.

Embodiment 2: This embodiment further describes Embodiment 1. The load simulation module 2-5 includes a DSP module, a power management module, a MOSFET power drive module, a current and voltage sampling module, and a CAN communication module.

In this embodiment, the drain current Id is controlled by adjusting the gate-source voltage Ugs of the MOSFET, so that the drain current tracks a predetermined curve. Assuming that the drain-source voltage is Uds, if Uds/Id is kept constant, it is a constant resistance load; if Id is kept constant, it is a constant current load; if Uds is kept constant, it is a constant voltage load; if Uds* If Id is a constant value, it is a constant power load.

Embodiment 3: This embodiment further describes Embodiment 1 or 2. The bus transceiver module 2-3 includes a CAN bus, a K bus and a LIN bus.

Claims (3)

1. the vehicle electronic control unit measuring system based on hardware-in-loop simulation, is characterized in that, it comprises host computer (1), slave computer (2) and tested electronic control unit (3),

Host computer (1) sends to slave computer (2) by test case (1-2) by usb bus by operation control program (1-1);

Slave computer (2) comprises that USB turns SPI module (2-1), microcontroller module (2-2), bus transceiver module (2-3), fault simulation module (2-4) and load simulation module (2-5),

Slave computer (2) is turned SPI module (2-1) and is realized the mutual conversion of usb data and SPI data by USB, USB turns SPI module (2-1) and is connected by spi bus with microcontroller module (2-2),

Microcontroller module (2-2) according to the test case (1-2) receiving by bus transceiver module (2-3) to tested electronic control unit (3) send request message, control fault simulation module (2-4) communicates external loading or the load faulty of fault simulation and control load analog module (2-5) simulation electronic control module; And process host computer (1) send order or the relay of data, the transmitting-receiving of control bus data, the parameter that load simulation is set, unlatching or closing fault analog module (2-4);

Bus transceiver module (2-3) is followed vehicle diagnostics agreement, for detection of correctly response request message of tested electronic control unit (3);

Fault simulation module (2-4), for unlatching or the shutoff of pilot relay, to simulate real vehicle fault, and reads corresponding diagnostic trouble code by bus transceiver module (2-3);

Load simulation module (2-5) is for simulating the external loading of tested electronic control unit (3), and detect the load driving force of tested electronic control unit (3), to external loading short circuit processing power and open circuit fault processing power;

Bus transceiver module (2-3), fault simulation module (2-4) and load simulation module (2-5) are connected with the corresponding interface of tested electronic control unit (3).

2. the vehicle electronic control unit measuring system based on hardware-in-loop simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, load simulation module (2-5) comprises DSP module, power management module, MOSFET power driver module, electric current and voltage sample module and CAN communication module.

3. the vehicle electronic control unit measuring system based on hardware-in-loop simulation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, bus transceiver module (2-3) comprises CAN bus, K bus and LIN bus.