CN1040670C - Method and device for improving property of alloy material and products thereof - Google Patents
Method and device for improving property of alloy material and products thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1040670C CN1040670C CN95107603A CN95107603A CN1040670C CN 1040670 C CN1040670 C CN 1040670C CN 95107603 A CN95107603 A CN 95107603A CN 95107603 A CN95107603 A CN 95107603A CN 1040670 C CN1040670 C CN 1040670C
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000500881 Lepisma Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for improving the properties of alloy materials and a product thereof. The method comprises: an alloy material to be processed is put into a processing device, the alloy material is heated to softening temperature, alternative force in different directions is applied to the alloy material in the processing device, and the alloy material is repeatedly masticated by one or a plurality of relative narrow channels until the fine structure of the alloy material is refined and uniformly distributed. The method is simple and convenient. The device has the advantages of compact structure and wide application range. The device can be used for processing traditional cast ingots, stacked element sheets, rapidly solidified alloy sheets and extrusion ingots by powder densification. The strength and the ductility of an obtained product are obviously improved.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method of improving property of alloy material, device and products thereof.
Since 1970, many researchs that improve material character have been arranged, for example: the improvement of traditional metallurgical technology; The exploitation of rapid solidification manufacturing process and mechanical alloy manufacturing process etc., but these researchs have run into many technical difficult problems.
Aspect the metallurgical manufacturing process of tradition: because the improvement of material character has been tending towards the limit, therefore usually spend great amount of cost, can only do small improvement, for example improve alloy purity or make mode such as thermal treatment to character.
Aspect the rapid solidification manufacturing process: because the powder or the strip that adopt rapid solidification to produce can't directly use, necessary combining powder metallurgical technology, make bulk material, make it have structural purposes, but in powder metallurgy is made, many complex steps are arranged, and powder surface oxidation, pollution etc. are former thereby reduce the character of material, therefore, the shortcoming in the powder metallurgy manufacturing becomes the difficult problem of development rapidly solidified material.
At the mechanical alloy manufacture view, need the manufacturing of combining powder metallurgy equally, just can make bulk material, therefore, the shortcoming in the powder metallurgy manufacturing also becomes the difficult problem of development mechanical alloy material.
For without powder metallurgy process, develop three kinds of methods of directly making the rapid solidification bulk: (1) sprayed deposit method, (2) vapor coating method, (3) sheet lamination method.Described sprayed deposit method is to utilize high pressure gas that the molten metal spray deposition is become bulk material; The vapor coating method is to utilize electron beam gun with the molten metal heating and gasifying, and evaporation becomes bulk material layer by layer; The sheet sedimentation is to utilize the hammer anvil law technology, with Metal Melting drop quenching flakiness, and stack becomes bulk material from level to level, though more than three kinds of methods can directly make the rapid solidification bulk material, but must accurately control fabrication process parameters, otherwise be easy to generate hole, make whole manufacturing process failure.
The bulk material that rapid solidification is made just has structural purposes, but in the process because of bulk material formation, because of the oxidation and the pollution problem of thin slice or powder surface, and incomplete key attachment problem between the interface, cause the block material character of metal to reduce significantly.
The object of the invention provides a kind of method of improving property of alloy material, this method applied range, can be used for traditional ingot casting, rapid solidification sheet material or powder, and the block mechanical alloy material of the direct mixing one-tenth of two or more material, avoid making mechanical powdered alloy and fixed step; The product that the present invention also provides a kind of processing unit (plant) and utilizes the inventive method to obtain.
For achieving the above object the present invention by the following technical solutions: method comprises following step: alloy material to be processed is put into processing unit (plant); The alloy material is heated to softening temperature, and the softening temperature of alloy material is lower than 1000 ℃; In processing unit (plant), this material is imposed the pressure of alternative different directions, and make the alloy material, with rubbing alloy material by one or several narrow and small relatively passages; Repeat the rubbing action until refinement of alloy microtexture and uniform distribution.
Alloy material to be processed can be the crowded ingot of alloy cast ingot, powder densification, the first cellulose sheet that piles up or the alloy sheet of rapid solidification.
Processing unit (plant) comprises: extrude container, have in the container for the chamber of putting alloy material to be processed, this container also comprises the crowded tube with first end, middle part and second opposed end, squeezing tube is made up of two half crowded relatively tubes, have one to squeeze mould in the middle of squeezing tube, this crowded mould middle part has a relative catwalk device at least; Squeezing device, it comprises a pair of bar that extrudes, and extrudes bar and cooperates with crowded tube.
Above-mentioned alloy material to be processed adopts method provided by the invention to handle, and can obtain the alloy that material character has improved.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1: a kind of processing unit (plant) provided by the invention
Fig. 2: the slicker solder phase behaviour width of slicker solder lamination with extrude the number of times functional arrangement
Fig. 3: the slicker solder phase behaviour width of slicker solder ingot casting with extrude the number of times functional arrangement
The intensity of Fig. 4: Al-12% (weight percent) Si rapidly solidified alloy and the functional arrangement (Al-12% (weight percent) Si) that extrudes number of times
The ductility of Fig. 5: Al-12% (weight percent) Si rapidly solidified alloy and the functional arrangement that extrudes number of times
The intensity of Fig. 6: Al-12% (weight percent) Si alloy of ingot and the functional arrangement that extrudes number of times
The ductility of Fig. 7: Al-12% (weight percent) Si alloy of ingot and the functional arrangement that extrudes number of times
The intensity of Fig. 8: Al-20% (weight percent) Si rapidly solidified alloy and the functional arrangement that extrudes number of times
The ductility of Fig. 9: Al-20% (weight percent) Si rapidly solidified alloy and the functional arrangement that extrudes number of times
The intensity of Figure 10: Al-20% (weight percent) Si alloy of ingot and the functional arrangement that extrudes number of times
The ductility of Figure 11: Al-20% (weight percent) Si alloy of ingot and the functional arrangement that extrudes number of times
Among Fig. 1,1 extrudes container, 2 for being positioned at the alloy material to be processed that extrudes container, 3 pressurizing units, extrude container 1 and comprise left cylinder 4, right cylinder 5, the crowded mould 6 between 4,5 of squeezing of squeezing, in the middle of squeezing mould 6 one or several catwalks 7 are arranged, its shape can be finedraw or circular hole, pressurizing unit 3 comprises that can do the relative direction reciprocating motion extrudes bar 8,9, be positioned at and extrude the free-ended spacer block 10 of bar, 11, with extrude bar 8,9 affixed push rods 12,13, and the oil hydraulic cylinder body 14,15 that cooperates with the heap bar.
Now verify theory of the present invention to set processing unit (plant): wherein squeeze cylinder 4,5 length as 80mm, diameter 20mm, squeeze mould 6 mesopore is arranged, its diameter 6.3mm extrudes bar 8,9 length is 110mm, diameter 20mm, and maximum oil pressure is 9.8MPa (100kg/cm2)。
Operating procedure: alloy material 2 to be processed is put into squeezed cylinder 4 first, add the thermalloy material to operating temperature, to extrude bar 8 alloy material 2 is extruded with per second 1cm speed (about extruding under the pressure of 8.82MPa), squeeze through squeezing mould 62 in alloy material because of impose on extrude bar 9 back pressure (about 3.92MPa) by compression and expansion immediately, and fill to squeezing in the cylinder 5, when two extrude bar 8, when 9 pressure exchanges, the alloy material namely squeezes toward squeezing cylinder 4 from squeezing cylinder 5, and alloy material 2 is just back and forth extruded in extruding container 1 so. The number of times that extrudes of below mentioning is that alloy material 2 is by squeezing the number of times of mould.
Alloy material in above-mentioned processing unit (plant) test has the thick pure lead of 0.3mm and pure tin interactive stacking thin slice, Pb-50% (volume percentage) Sn ingot casting, rapid solidification (hammer anvil method) Al-12% (weight percent) Si thin slice, conventional cast Al-12% (weight percent) Si ingot casting, rapid solidification Al-20% (weight percent) Si thin slice, Al-20% (weight percent) Si ingot casting. Found that to draw a conclusion:
(1) the inventive method can with pure lead and tin interactive stacking sheet be fully fixed and rubbing Pb-50% (volume percentage) Sn alloy, and makes careful again equably distribution between the two-phase;
(2) the inventive method can be crumpled Pb-50% (volume percentage) Sn alloy cast ingot, and can obtain the fine structure that the utmost point is analogous to stacking;
(3) the present invention also can be fixed fully and rubbing according to the prepared Al-12% of hammer anvil method (weight percent) Si and Al-20% (weight percent) Si alloy sheet, the result is the interface fusion, Si particle uniform distribution, mechanical properties improves, and has reached the limit so far;
(4) the inventive method also can be used for crumpling respectively Al-12% (weight percent) Si and Al-20% (weight percent) Si alloy cast ingot, its sheet eutectic Si particle and big Si primary crystal particle all are subjected to refinement to a certain degree, mechanical property also has clear improvement, and reaches capacity so far;
(5) according to the inventive method, on microtexture and mechanical properties, the excellent dried alloy cast ingot of rapid solidification Al-Si alloy, its reason is that the Si particle has reasonable trickle distribution in the rapidly solidified alloy.
Below represent or effect of the present invention be described with 10 functional arrangements:
Fig. 2 be pure lead and tin lamination slicker solder phase behaviour width with extrude the number of times functional arrangement, show among the figure: width extrudes time sharp fall several times in beginning, after extruding for 10 times, slicker solder reaches 3.8 and 3.5 μ m respectively; The 3rd figure is lead, the tin phase behaviour width of slicker solder ingot casting and extrudes the number of times functional arrangement, shows among the figure: plumbous (tin) phase width is refined to average about 3.6 (3.5) μ m after extruding for 5 times from 4.6 (4.5) the μ m that extrude first.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 show that extruding number of times increases, and the mechanical properties of all rapid solidification Al-12% (weight percent) Si alloys is improved, and relatively extrudes for 4 and 11 times, find that breaking strain and elongation obtain 93% and 123% improvement respectively.Yield strength and final tensile strength then increase by 6% and 36% respectively, and it is because the interlayer interface is eliminated and the Si uniform particles distributes that ductile improves.Because former cause oxide film of interface and hole are formed, bond between its trapping layer, caused very poor ductility, when applying when repeating to extrude, oxide film promptly breaks, and has exposed the fresh metal of easy interfused, in addition, hole is under high pressure also with closure, so after fusion took place, ductility may return back to high standard, obviously, the answer degree depends on that still interfused spends fully, increase along with repeating to extrude number of times, fusion degree fully increases, and ductility increases thereupon, and Si particulate uniform distribution also is the demand factor that obtains good ductility, otherwise the crack more easily occurs in the higher zone of Si pellet density.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 show that extruding number of times increases, the mechanical properties of all Al-12% (weight percent) Si alloy of ingot all is improved, it is the most remarkable to extrude for the first time improvement, but extruding after a while, improvement is still arranged, extrude from the 1st and 11 time, breaking strain and elongation separately win and improve 15% and 14%, surrender and final strength then all obtain and improve 2%, remarkable improvement system the dwindling significantly that extrudes for the first time owing to sheet Si particle length, and improvement thereafter is less, and is shown as its microtexture, obviously because the refinement amplitude of Si particle is little.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 show, extruding number of times increases, the mechanical properties of all rapid solidification Al-20% (weight percent) Si alloys all improves, can find to extrude from the 4th and 11 time, breaking strain and elongation separately win 63% and 114% improvement, and these are owing to the fusion of interlayer interface, as observing from microtexture after extruding for 11 times, interface is eliminated totally, increases when extruding number of times, and stretching and yield strength can be separately won 25% and 27% improvement gradually.
Figure 10, Figure 11 shows, extruding number of times increases, the mechanicalness of Al-20% (weight percent) Si alloy of ingot also obtains improvement, after extruding first, yield strength significantly increases, other character then have improvement slightly, its reinforcement is because the significantly refinement of eutectic Si phase, but because of primary crystal Si mutually grain through still big, so its ductility, breaking strain and final tensile strength all come obviously to increase, after extruding first, yield strength is not almost improved, and other three character are then cumulative to be added, and extrudes through the 1st to 11 time, breaking strain and elongation separately win 61.8% and 37.5% improvement, and final tensile strength then increases by 7%.This is quite reasonable, and after extruding first, though the not significantly refinement again of eutectic Si particle, right primary crystal Si crystal then gradually is broken into small-particle, and ductility is had very great help.
Above-mentioned what is called " alloy " is a kind of example, but is not restriction, for example the present invention still be successfully used to even mixing polymer ceramic and/or plastic cement-or the like the product of single or synthetic Base Material.
Embodiment:
Processing unit (plant): squeeze tube length degree 240mm internal diameter 40mm, the crowded mould that squeezes the tube middle part is single hole, and warp is 11mm in this hole; Extrude a pair of its length of bar and be 140mm, diameter is 40mm, and the maximum oil pressure pressure is 13.72MPa
Processing material: 7075 aluminium alloy cast ingots, diameter 40mm, length 100mm.
Procedure of processing: get above-mentioned processing material and be positioned over and be heated to 460 ℃ in the electric heating box-type furnace, taking out then packs into squeezes in the tube, extruding bar extrudes till the hole by squeezing mould 20 times back and forth with the speed of per second-cm, processing material after extruding is ejected, place 460 ℃ box-type furnace to do solution treatment in 30 minutes, shrend is then put into 120 ℃ in oily molten stove again and was made ageing treatment 24 hours.
Result's test:, measure its mechanical properties with tension testing machine, the following data of result through the alloy that above-mentioned procedure of processing is improved:
| After the improvement | Before the improvement | |
| Yield strength | 550MPa | 503MPa |
| Tensile strength | 591MPa | 572MPa |
| Elongation | 18.6％ | 11％ |
| Reduction of area | 52％ | 13％ |
Result by embodiment shows 7075 aluminium alloys according to method of the present invention and after installing processing, and its intensity and ductility all are significantly improved.
Advantage of the present invention: method provided by the invention is easy, applied range, can be used for the block mechanical alloy material of the direct mixing one-tenth of traditional ingot casting, rapid solidification sheet material or powder and two or more material, avoid production machinery alloy powder and consolidation step, its intensity of the alloy that makes and ductility all have clear improvement.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of method of improving property of alloy material is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
(1) alloy material to be processed is put into processing unit (plant);
(2) the alloy material is heated to softening temperature, and the softening temperature of alloy material is low does 1000 ℃;
(3) in processing unit (plant), this material is imposed the pressure of alternative different directions, and make the alloy material, with rubbing alloy material by one or several narrow and small relatively passages;
(4) repeat the rubbing action until refinement of alloy microtexture and uniform distribution.
2,, it is characterized in that alloy material to be processed is an alloy cast ingot by the described method of improving property of alloy material of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that alloy material to be processed is that alloy sheet is stacked into by the described method of improving property of alloy material of claim 1.
4, by the described method of improving property of alloy material of claim 3, it is characterized in that what alloy sheet to be processed was obtained by quick setting method.
5, a kind of processing unit (plant) that improves property of alloy material, it is characterized in that it comprises: extrude container, have in the container for the chamber of putting alloy material to be processed, this container also comprises the crowded tube with first end, middle part and second opposed end, squeezing tube is made up of two half crowded relatively tubes, have one to squeeze mould in the middle of squeezing tube, this crowded mould middle part has a relative catwalk device at least; Squeezing device, it comprises a pair of bar that extrudes, and extrudes bar and cooperates with crowded tube.
6, by the described processing unit (plant) that improves property of alloy material of claim 5, what it is characterized in that described relative catwalk device is shaped as finedraw or circular hole hole.
7, by the described processing unit (plant) that improves property of alloy material of claim 5, it is characterized in that described a pair of first end that extrudes bar is connected with spacer block respectively, this spacer block contacts with the alloy material, and second end and the push rod that respectively extrude bar are affixed, and push rod cooperates with the oil cylinder body.
8, a kind of through improving the alloy of material character, it obtains through the following steps:
(1) alloy material to be processed is put into processing unit (plant),
(2) the alloy material is heated to softening temperature, and the softening temperature of alloy material is lower than 1000 ℃,
(3) in processing unit (plant), this material is imposed the pressure of alternative different directions, and make the alloy material by one or several narrow and small relatively passages, with rubbing alloy material,
(4) repeat the rubbing action until refinement of alloy microtexture and uniform distribution.
9, described by claim 10 through improving the alloy of material character, it is characterized in that described alloy material to be processed is that alloy cast ingot or the rapidly solidified alloy thin slice made from rapid solidification method or two or more pure element sheet materials or the crowded of powder densification of piling up are alternately splited.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95107603A CN1040670C (en) | 1995-07-13 | 1995-07-13 | Method and device for improving property of alloy material and products thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95107603A CN1040670C (en) | 1995-07-13 | 1995-07-13 | Method and device for improving property of alloy material and products thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1121536A CN1121536A (en) | 1996-05-01 |
| CN1040670C true CN1040670C (en) | 1998-11-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95107603A Expired - Fee Related CN1040670C (en) | 1995-07-13 | 1995-07-13 | Method and device for improving property of alloy material and products thereof |
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| CN113224918A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-06 | 韩林 | Coil hot-pressing system and process |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3490955A (en) * | 1967-01-23 | 1970-01-20 | Olin Mathieson | Aluminum base alloys and process for obtaining same |
| US4737340A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-04-12 | Allied Corporation | High performance metal alloys |
| SU1661241A1 (en) * | 1989-06-05 | 1991-07-07 | Ленинградский Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина | Method of making rolled slabs of aluminium |
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1995
- 1995-07-13 CN CN95107603A patent/CN1040670C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3490955A (en) * | 1967-01-23 | 1970-01-20 | Olin Mathieson | Aluminum base alloys and process for obtaining same |
| US4737340A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-04-12 | Allied Corporation | High performance metal alloys |
| SU1661241A1 (en) * | 1989-06-05 | 1991-07-07 | Ленинградский Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина | Method of making rolled slabs of aluminium |
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| CN1121536A (en) | 1996-05-01 |
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