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CN104030783B - 一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥 - Google Patents

一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥 Download PDF

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CN104030783B
CN104030783B CN201410199360.9A CN201410199360A CN104030783B CN 104030783 B CN104030783 B CN 104030783B CN 201410199360 A CN201410199360 A CN 201410199360A CN 104030783 B CN104030783 B CN 104030783B
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孙仁贵
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Guangdong Evan Low Carbon Technology Co ltd
Guangdong Research Institute Of High Quality Resources And Environment Co ltd
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Maanshan Xinzhou Grape Specialized Cooperative
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Abstract

本发明涉及复合肥料领域,具体涉及一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥,该肥料由以下重量份的原料制得:1250-2000目硅藻土10-15、老白菜叶6-8、尿素18-20、重钙8-10、硫酸钾12-15、橡子粉1-3、废烟叶1-3、芹菜根叶4-6、包菜蔸叶2-4、硫酸锰1-2、硼砂3-5、柠檬酸铁2-4、四硼酸钠1-2、腐熟廊肥18-20、天然钙基膨润土8-10、油橄榄油脚6-8、碳酸钠6-9、氯化钾5-8、海藻胶15-18、助剂4-5;本发明复合肥充分利用了生活生产中的废弃物,并将其进行发酵处理,使养分更易被作物吸收利用,在工艺上利用硅藻土和缓释包膜剂对养分形成双重包覆,使得养分不易流失,肥效持久高效,且缓释剂能完全降解,不破坏土壤环境,作物生长旺盛,抗病能力强,增产增收效果明显。

Description

一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥
技术领域
本发明涉及复合肥料领域,具体涉及一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥。
背景技术
在现代农业生产中,随处可见复合肥的身影,它具有养分含量高、副成分少、肥料利用率高、贮存施用方便等优点,在促进农作物高产稳产方面扮演着重要的角色。缓释复合肥是复合肥中一种重要的类别,也是我国化肥工业发展的研究重点,它的缓释原理是在肥料颗粒表面包覆薄层的疏水物质,从而将内部的养分缓慢的释放到土壤中,不断的给农作物供给养分,有效的提高了肥料的利用率。然而现有的缓释复合肥还存在一定的缺点,主要表现在养分比例相对固定,很难满足各类土壤和各类作物的不同需求;缓释效果不尽如人意,与农作物生长需求不匹配,从而降低了肥效,影响作物生长,造成减产减收。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种低成本、高效、环保的缓释复合肥料,为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥,其特征在于,该肥料由以下重量份的原料制成:1250-2000目硅藻土10-15、老白菜叶6-8、尿素18-20、重钙8-10、硫酸钾12-15、橡子粉1-3、废烟叶1-3、芹菜根叶4-6、包菜蔸叶2-4、硫酸锰1-2、硼砂3-5、柠檬酸铁2-4、四硼酸钠1-2、腐熟廊肥18-20、天然钙基膨润土8-10、油橄榄油脚6-8、碳酸钠6-9、氯化钾5-8、海藻胶15-18、助剂4-5;
助剂由以下重量份的原料制成:家禽羽毛12-15、30-40%的硫酸溶液30-35、氢氧化钠适量、角蛋白酶0.15-0.2、柠檬酸铜1-2、柠檬酸锰1-2、柠檬酸锌1-2、麦饭石细粉20-22、硅酸钠5-6,制备方法为:先将家禽羽毛经过水洗、高温灭菌后粉碎,投入硫酸溶液中,水解15-18h,在得到的水解液中加入适量的氢氧化钠调节溶液PH值至6.5-7.0,并加热至50-60℃,加入角蛋白酶,酶解12-15h后,加入柠檬酸铜、柠檬酸锰、柠檬酸锌,搅拌反应2-3h后,再加入硅酸钠,继续搅拌30-40min,最后再加入麦饭石细粉,搅拌均匀后干燥,并研磨40-50min,即得。
所述的一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥,其生产步骤如下:
(1)将老白菜叶、废烟叶、芹菜根叶、包菜蔸叶、油橄榄油脚混合后粉碎,加入适量的水进行发酵处理,发酵至完全腐熟备用;
(2)将硅藻土与等重量份的水混合,研磨20-30min,制成硅藻土浆料,随后加入橡子粉、硫酸锰、硼砂、柠檬酸铁,搅拌均匀后混合物料去水干燥,制成硅藻土包覆材料;
(3)将海藻胶、四硼酸钠与适量的去离子水混合,加热至60-80℃,充分搅拌至物料完全溶解分散,制成缓释包膜剂备用;
(4)将其它剩余物料与步骤(1)、(2)所得物料混合均匀,投入造粒机中造粒,并在制得的颗粒表面喷涂步骤(3)制备的缓释包膜剂,包膜后的颗粒经热风干燥、室温冷却,即得成品。
本发明的有益效果在于:配方中原料来源广泛,充分利用了日常生活生产中常见的一些废弃原料,将其进行发酵处理后,使其养分细化,更易被作物吸收利用,达到了降低生产成本、保护环境的目的;此外,本发明在生产工艺上先利用硅藻土与橡子粉、硫酸锰、硼砂、柠檬酸铁等对作物生长有促进作用的养分相吸附,将其包覆,以防止其过早无效流失;以海藻胶、四硼酸钠混合制备的缓释包膜剂,不仅具备优良的缓释控释能力,还能在随着其降解过程中释放去养分,增加肥效;本发明复合肥肥效持久高效,养分不易流失,易被作物吸收,包膜剂能完全降解,对土壤无毒无害,还能提高土壤的活性,作物生长旺盛,产量和质量均能获得有效提升。
具体实施方式
实施例
本实施例的复合肥料由以下重量份(公斤)的原料制得:1250目硅藻土15、老白菜叶8、尿素20、重钙10、硫酸钾15、橡子粉2、废烟叶3、芹菜根叶6、包菜蔸叶4、硫酸锰2、硼砂5、柠檬酸铁4、四硼酸钠2、腐熟廊肥20、天然钙基膨润土10、油橄榄油脚8、碳酸钠6、氯化钾8、海藻胶18、助剂5;助剂由下列重量份的原料制成:家禽羽毛15、40%的硫酸溶液35、氢氧化钠适量、角蛋白酶0.15、柠檬酸铜2、柠檬酸锰1、柠檬酸锌2、麦饭石细粉22、硅酸钠5,制备方法为:先将家禽羽毛经过水洗、高温灭菌后粉碎,投入硫酸溶液中,水解18h,在得到的水解液中加入适量的氢氧化钠调节溶液PH值至7.0,并加热至50-60℃,加入角蛋白酶,酶解15h后,加入柠檬酸铜、柠檬酸锰、柠檬酸锌,搅拌反应3h,再加入硅酸钠,继续搅拌40min,最后再加入麦饭石细粉,搅拌均匀后干燥,并研磨50min,即得。
本实施例的复合肥生产步骤如下:
(1)将老白菜叶、废烟叶、芹菜根叶、包菜蔸叶、油橄榄油脚混合后粉碎,加入适量的水进行发酵处理,发酵至完全腐熟备用;
(2)将硅藻土与等重量份的水混合,研磨30min,制成硅藻土浆料,随后加入橡子粉、硫酸锰、硼砂、柠檬酸铁,搅拌均匀后混合物料去水干燥,制成硅藻土包覆材料;
(3)将海藻胶、四硼酸钠与适量的去离子水混合,加热至60-80℃,充分搅拌至物料完全溶解分散,制成缓释包膜剂备用;
(4)将其它剩余物料与步骤(1)、(2)所得物料混合均匀,投入造粒机中造粒,并在制得的颗粒表面喷涂步骤(3)制备的缓释包膜剂,包膜后的颗粒经热风干燥、室温冷却,即得成品。
本实施例在大豆种植地实施,分别选取两块面积均为3亩的试验地,分别标记为试验组与对照组,试验组施用本实施例复合肥,对照组施用常规复合肥,所有肥料均作为基肥一次施用,亩施量为60Kg,后期不再追肥,两块试验地的大豆品种、日常管理均相同,待收获季节,试验组大豆亩产量较对照组提高22.6%,百粒均重提高8.7%,亩均效益提高20.8%,且试验组大豆株茎粗壮,荚多粒饱,病虫害发生率较对照组低。

Claims (1)

1.一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥,其特征在于,该肥料由以下重量份的原料制成:1250-2000目硅藻土10-15、老白菜叶6-8、尿素18-20、重钙8-10、硫酸钾12-15、橡子粉1-3、废烟叶1-3、芹菜根叶4-6、包菜蔸叶2-4、硫酸锰1-2、硼砂3-5、柠檬酸铁2-4、四硼酸钠1-2、腐熟廊肥18-20、天然钙基膨润土8-10、油橄榄油脚6-8、碳酸钠6-9、氯化钾5-8、海藻胶15-18、助剂4-5;
所述的助剂由下列重量份的原料制成:家禽羽毛12-15、30-40%的硫酸溶液30-35、氢氧化钠适量、角蛋白酶0.15-0.2、柠檬酸铜1-2、柠檬酸锰1-2、柠檬酸锌1-2、麦饭石细粉20-22、硅酸钠5-6,制备方法为:先将家禽羽毛经过水洗、高温灭菌后粉碎,投入硫酸溶液中,水解15-18h,在得到的水解液中加入适量的氢氧化钠调节溶液PH值至6.5-7.0,并加热至50-60℃,加入角蛋白酶,酶解12-15h后,加入柠檬酸铜、柠檬酸锰、柠檬酸锌,搅拌反应2-3h后,再加入硅酸钠,继续搅拌30-40min,最后再加入麦饭石细粉,搅拌均匀后干燥,并研磨40-50min,即得;
所述一种增强土壤活性的有机无机复混缓释肥的生产步骤如下:
(1)将老白菜叶、废烟叶、芹菜根叶、包菜蔸叶、油橄榄油脚混合后粉碎,加入适量的水进行发酵处理,发酵至完全腐熟备用;
(2)将硅藻土与等重量份的水混合,研磨20-30min,制成硅藻土浆料,随后加入橡子粉、硫酸锰、硼砂、柠檬酸铁,搅拌均匀后混合物料去水干燥,制成硅藻土包覆材料;
(3)将海藻胶、四硼酸钠与适量的去离子水混合,加热至60-80℃,充分搅拌至物料完全溶解分散,制成缓释包膜剂备用;
(4)将其它剩余物料与步骤(1)、(2)所得物料混合均匀,投入造粒机中造粒,并在制得的颗粒表面喷涂步骤(3)制备的缓释包膜剂,包膜后的颗粒经热风干燥、室温冷却,即得成品。
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CN104788155A (zh) * 2014-12-10 2015-07-22 湖北新洋丰肥业股份有限公司 一种抗虫害控失型有机无机复混肥的制备方法
CN104591871A (zh) * 2014-12-26 2015-05-06 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种生态型钾肥及制备方法
CN108727099A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-11-02 芜湖尚源农业开发有限公司 一种葡萄种植用的钙素肥料及其制备方法
CN115043679A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2022-09-13 安丘市天赐生物肥料有限公司 一种蔬菜废弃物制备肥料的方法

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